Digital Commons Network^™

Role Of Structured Exercise Therapy On Cognitive Markers And Stress Parameters In Young Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Harpreet Kour, V. A. Kothiwale, Shivaprasad S. Goudar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND AND AIMS:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) patients face cognitive impairments owing to neuronal dysfunction following constant oxidative stress. The influence of exercise therapy in the management of DM is widely recognized among the elderly. However, its role among young adults in India is not explored. This study aimed to assess the effect of structured exercise on cognitive markers and stress parameters in young DM patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This interventional study with a pre- and post-model was conducted among 48 newly diagnosed type 2 DM patients who were asymptomatic for cognitive dysfunctions. Glucose profile was recorded by commercially available kits. …

A Study On The Perceived Impact Of Indoor Air Pollution In A Slum Area Of Kolkata, West Bengal, Sinjita Dutta, Vineeta Shukla, Mausumi Basu, Meghna Mukherjee, Ankita Mishra, Ripan Saha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Indoor air pollution is one of the most serious environmental health concerns in today's times.

OBJECTIVES:

The objective is to find out the sources and health effects of indoor air pollution as well as assess the housing conditions among residents of a slum area in Kolkata.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 220 households in a slum area of Kolkata. Data were collected using a predesigned, pretested, structured schedule by face-to-face interview and observation technique and analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.

RESULTS:

About 56.8% of the study population complained of having at least one symptom …

Influence Of Intraoperative Lignocaine Infusion On Analgesia, Stress Response, And Recovery Profile In Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy A Randomized Control Study, Reena R. Kadni, G. Prasanna Kumar, Chakravarthy Joel, Varghese K. Zachariah, Priya Pushpavathi, Anil Kumar Narasimha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Laparoscopic cholecystectomies are performed as daycare procedures. Postoperative pain associated with it may need multimodal opioid-free approaches to fast track the recovery. Intraoperative intravenous lignocaine infusion was employed in this study to observe it effect on analgesia, hemodynamic stress response, and recovery profile in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomies.

METHODOLOGY AND RESULTS:

This was a randomized placebo-controlled study with enrollment of 64 participants. The “L” group received preservative-free intravenous lignocaine 2% at 1.5 mg/kg bolus followed by continuous infusion at a rate of 1.5 mg/kg/h till skin closure. The “C” group received equal amounts of normal saline. No significant statistical …

Impact Of A Particular Diet On The Nutritional Status And Glycemic Response Of Noninsulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Patients – An Analytical Study, Yellesh Pothula, S. S. B. Sharma, A. Krishnaiah, Purna Singh Addanki

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous primary disorder of carbohydrate metabolism with multiple etiological factors that generally involve absolute or relative insulin deficiency or insulin resistance or both. All causes of diabetes ultimately lead to hyperglycemia, which is the hall mark of this disease syndrome. Nutrition and diet play a critical role in the course of disease, in the controlling hyperglycemia in addition to drugs in diabetes mellitus patients.

OBJECTIVES:

To assess nutritional status of noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients and glycemic response to the given type of food as compared to normal individuals.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Out of 40 …

Ocular Manifestations In Sars Covid Admitted Patients A Hospital-Based Study, Nagbhushan Chougule, Mitali Vijay Mangoli, Avaneet Kumar, V. Bindushree Reddy, Arvind L. Tenagi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Ongoing COVID-19 Pandemic.

AIMS:

The aim of this study is to assess the ocular manifestations of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) admitted in KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and MRC, KAHER, Belagavi, Karnataka, India.

SETTINGS AND DESIGN:

This is a cross-sectional study.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS:

It was a cross-sectional study, which included 100 patients who tested positive for COVID-19 (reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction) and were admitted from August 2020 to September 2020 in KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore and MRC Hospital, KAHER, Belagavi, Karnataka, India. Approval from the ethical committee was obtained, and informed consent was taken from all the patients included …

Palatine Tonsil An Unusual Location Of Rhinosporidiosis, Santosh Kumar Swain

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Rhinosporidiosis is a granulomatous disease caused by

Rhinosporidium seeberi

which belongs to class Mesomycetozoea. It mainly affects mucous membranes of the nose, nasopharynx, and oropharynx. It can also involve uncommon sites of the human body to disseminated types. Water and soil act as a reservoir for this organism. Isolated involvement of the palatine tonsil by rhinosporidiosis is extremely uncommon. Extra-nasal manifestations of rhinosporidiosis are relatively uncommon in clinical practice. Tonsillar rhinosporidiosis is extremely rare and often confused with oropharyngeal tumors. The mainstay of treatment of rhinosporidiosis is surgical excision by coblation, laser, or electric diathermy. Here, we report a 32-year-old …

Ondansetron In Combination With Fluoxetine For Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study From North India, Jamshed Ahmad, Anuradha Nischal, Anil Nischal, Bandna Gupta, Manu Agarwal, Adarsh Tripathi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

A large percentage of patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) do not respond to first-line medications. Ondansetron, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, has been shown to be effective in the treatment of OCD as an augmentation agent to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. However, scientific evidence in this regard is limited.

AIMS:

This study aimed to study the effect of ondansetron in combination with fluoxetine on psychopathology, functioning, and quality of life in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder and to compare these parameters with patients treated with fluoxetine alone.

METHODS:

This was a 12-week prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Patients fulfilling diagnostic criteria …

Emerging Crisis Of Multidrug-Resistant Enterococci From A Rural Tertiary Care Hospital Of North India, Jyoti Sangwan, Kirti Lohan, Pratibha Mane, Mukesh Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Enterococci are emerging as a major pathogen causing a variety of hospital-acquired nosocomial infections and community-acquired infections contributing significantly to patient's morbidity and mortality. The emergence of multidrug-resistant enterococci worsens the problem as multidrug resistance leaves fewer therapeutic options for clinicians in treating life-threatening infections.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was an observational study carried out from March 2019 to February 2020. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of enterococci was done by Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method, and results were interpreted as per the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines 2019.

RESULTS:

Multidrug-resistant enterococci were reported to be 62.7%. A variable antimicrobial susceptibility …

Personal Protective Equipment Usage And Its Disposal By The Residents Of Dhaka City During The Covid-19 Pandemic A Mixed-Method Enquiry, Shuvashis Saha, Md Shah Newaz, Shajib Hazari, Mohammad Kabir Uddin, Samiul Iqbal, Kh Salekuzzaman

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

COVID-19 has caused unprecedented hazard not only to the health and economy but also to the environment worldwide. In the absence of an effective vaccine to the mass people, practice of preventive measures against coronavirus can only save the health and economy of a poor nation like Bangladesh. On one hand, poor practice of protective behavior against the novel coronavirus has been reported among the general population and on the other hand, sudden rise of personal protective equipments (PPEs) use are causing massive damage to the environment of the cities like Dhaka.

AIMS:

This study aims to understand the …

An Unusual Presentation Of Rhinosporidiosis, Santosh Kumar Swain, Ansuman Sahu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous infection of the nose and nasopharynx. It is endemic in South Asia and commonly affects males in their second to fourth decades of life. Majority of the cases are found in the upper respiratory tract such as anterior nares, nasal cavity, inferior turbinate, nasal septum, floor, and nasopharynx. Although nose or nasopharynx is the most common location for rhinosporidiosis, it can also involve the skin, parotid duct, oropharynx, and larynx. Here, we report the case of a 42-year-old male who presented with extensive rhinosporidiosis in both nasal cavities and nasopharynx along with involvement of the …

Determination Of Phenotypic Alteration Of Arecoline-Induced Buccal Mucosal Fibroblasts An, Ritiha Patil, Alka D. Kale, Deepa R. Mane, Dhanashree Patil

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Oral cancer is one of the worldwide health problems accounting as the 6

th

common of all malignancies. Majority of the oral cancer develop from premalignant conditions of the oral cavity due to the chronic habit of tobacco chewing and smoking. The prominent cells of the oral mucosa are fibroblasts playing a major role in synthesis of extracellular matrix, wound healing, and wound repair. Arecoline, one of main ingredients of tobacco is considered as a risk factor for the development of oral premalignant lesions and cancer. The arecoline is reported to have both genotoxic and morphological alteration of oral …

Effect Of Panchatikta Ksheera Basti With Kati Basti In Katishoola W. S. R Lumbar Disc Degeneration – A Clinical Study, Neelam Kaalia, Santosh Kumar Bhatted, S. H. Acharya

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

Low back pain is the most common clinical presentation in musculoskeletal disorder due to spinal pathology. Factors such as improper sitting postures, jerky movements in travel, sports activities, aging, and bad sleeping posture are the important factors to produce spinal disorders. Lower back pain has been associated with degeneration of the intervertebral disc.

Aims:

This clinical study was carried out to judge the effectiveness of

Panchatikta

Ksheera

Basti

(medicated herbal therapeutic enema) with

Kati

Basti

in lumbar disc degeneration-induced

Katishoola.

Settings and Design:

This was an open-labeled, single-arm, interventional clinical study.

Subjects and Methods:

Fifteen diagnosed cases of low …

Validity Of The Ind Isodyno Isokinetic Dynamometer Maximum Peak Angular Torque Measure For Right Knee Joint Flexion And Extension Movement, Shubhankar S. Mahapure, Neeraj A. Athavale, Ashok K. Shyam, Parag K. Sancheti, Akshay S. Nirgude, Niranjan R. Bhore

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Context:

IND IsoDyno isokinetic dynamometer is a newly designed dynamometer to measure the isokinetic strength of the knee joint. It is a cost-effective, clinically feasible, and easily available dynamometer which manifests its benefits over the preexisting one.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to assess the validity of IND IsoDyno isokinetic dynamometer with respect to maximum peak angular torque.

Settings and Design:

Criterion-related validity (concurrent validity).

Materials and Methods:

We considered IND IsoDyno isokinetic dynamometer as an index test and TecnoBody IsoMove isokinetic dynamometer as our reference standard. In this study, we assessed the validity of the IND IsoDyno …

Cross-Sectional Study Of Awareness Toward Covid-19 Among Medical Students Of Kumaun Region Of Uttarakhand, Thakkar Hemaben, Sujan Singh, Poonam Kumari, Mohd. Maroof, Maneesh Bhatt

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

COVID-19 pandemic has been declared as a public health emergency of international concern by the World Health Organization. Being highly contagious in nature, it has become a major concern for healthcare profession.

Aims and Objectives:

The aim of the study is to assess the medical students' awareness regarding risk perception, disease transmission, and prevention of COVID-19 and to study their source of information and activities affected by lockdown.

Materials and Methods:

We conducted an online, descriptive cross-sectional study in April–May 2020, using WhatsApp Messenger. Medical students of 1

st

-year and 3

rd

-year (posted in community medicine department) …

Zebrafish An, Shridhar C. Ghagane, Rajendra B. Nerli

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Biochemical Features Of Blood Vessel Extracellular Calcium-Sensing Receptor And Their Physiological Mechanism Of Action In The Regulation Of Vascular Tone And Blood Pressure, Leta Melaku, Lemma Amsalu

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) is a G protein coupled receptor superfamily that has ability to sense very small changes in extracellular Ca2+ with primary physiological function of maintenance of constant blood Ca2+ levels. In addition to being expressed in tissues involved in [Ca2+]o homeostasis, it is also expressed in tissues not involved in mineral homeostasis, suggestive of additional physiological functions such as control vasomotor tone and blood pressure. However, the exact cellular mechanisms involved in these responses remain unclear. Stimulation of CaRs on perivascular nerves is proposed to evoke synthesis and release of nitric oxide (NO) from pre-synaptic terminals, …

Preparation And Development Of Polyherbal Formulation Of Medicinal Plants For Antiarthritic Activity, Supriya S. Chimagave, Sunil S. Jalalpure, Bhaskar K. Kurangi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

AIM AND OBJECTIVES:

The main objective of the present research was to prepare and develop polyherbal formulation of medicinal plants such as seed coat and kernel of

Terminalia chebula

and

Terminalia bellirica

and dried fruits of

Emblica officinalis

and evaluate the antiarthritic activity using animal models.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Using seed coat and kernel of

T. chebula

and

T. bellirica

and dried fruits of

E. officinalis

, Polyherbal formulation was prepared. Further antiarthritic activity of the prepared formulation was tested in female Wistar rats, using Freund's complete adjuvant as an inducing agent.

RESULTS:

The antiarthritic activity of polyherbal formulation against …

Evaluation Of Knowledge And Perceptions Among Medical Undergraduate Students Toward Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) In Southern Haryana, India A Cross-Sectional Study, Abhishek Singh, Ram Kumar Panika, Avinash Surana, Vikas Gupta, Pooja Goyal, Mitasha Singh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

The year 2019–2020 has seen a worldwide pandemic resulting from corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which can result in illnesses ranging from the common cold to severe acute respiratory syndrome. Hence, this global health crisis of COVID-19 pandemic offers a unique opportunity to investigate the level of knowledge and perceptions among undergraduate medical students.

METHODS:

This prospective, web-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 392 undergraduate medical students after obtaining informed consent during April 2020 using a 28-items structured questionnaire with close ended responses based on World Health Organization course materials and was distributed using Google forms. All the tests …

Molecular Description Of Fibroblast Growth Factor And Mechanisms By Which Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 Mediating Biological Actions And Acting As A Biologic Biomarker Of Cardiovascular Diseases, Leta Shiferaw Melaku, Negeri Debela

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family members are mostly secreted as signaling proteins with diverse functions in development and metabolism. FGFs can be classified as intracellular, paracrine, and endocrine FGFs by their action mechanisms. FGF-21 is a novel member of endocrine FGF subfamily with pleotropic actions. Recent findings indicate that FGF-21 can act as a cardiomyokine; that is, it is produced by cardiac cells and acts in an autocrine manner on the heart itself. The heart is sensitive to the effects of FGF-21, both systemic and locally generated, owing to the expression in cardiomyocytes of β-Klotho, the key coreceptor known to …

Acute Kidney Injury In Patients With Covid-19, R. B. Nerli, Manas Sharma, Shridhar C. Ghagane, Pulkit Gupta, Shashank D. Patil, M. Shubhashree, Murigendra B. Hiremath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

An outbreak of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was noted in December 2019, affecting Wuhan city, Hubei Province, in China. It soon spread to other areas across the world. It is well known that the diffuse alveolar damage and acute respiratory failure caused by the coronavirus remain the main features; however, the involvement of other organs is also noted. In this review, we have attempted to determine the prevalence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with COVID-19.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

We conducted a literature search for relevant research papers published till April 25, 2020, using the electronic Google …

Rickettsial Disease Existence In India Resurgence In Outbreaks With The Advent Of 20, Abha Sharma, Bibhabati Mishra

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Rickettsial infections are both one of the oldest and recently recognized reemerging zoonotic infections. Misdiagnosis and underreporting of rickettsial infections are significant public health problems leading to extensive investigations in patients with fever of unknown origin, thus contributing to economic burden on families. We review the situation of rickettsial outbreaks in India with the advent of the 20

th

century. We did a PubMed and Google search for literature available for rickettsial outbreaks in India. Literature was searched for outbreaks that were reported before the year 2000 and after the year 2000. The data were compiled and tabulated for comparative …

Milker's Nodule, Snehal Balvant Lunge, Bhavana Doshi, B. S. Manjunathswamy, Shashikala Mudgal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Milker's nodule is caused by a cylindrical parapoxvirus that is most commonly endemic in cattle. It affects those in close contact with animals harboring the virus. We report a 30-year-old female, milkmaid who presented with painful raised lesions over the right hand of 8-day duration. No lymphadenopathy was noted. Skin biopsy revealed epidermal hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, and acanthosis with dense inflammatory infiltrate in the papillary dermis. The patient was treated with a course of antibiotics for the secondary infection, as there was no specific treatment for the same.

Bio-Medical Waste Disposal In India From Paper To Practice, What Has Been Effected, S. Ramesh Kumar, N. Venkata Abinaya, Alaga Venkatesan, Mohan Natrajan

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Bio-medical waste (BMW) disposal is a very important but challenging task. Health-care waste contains potentially harmful microorganisms, which can infect hospital patients, health workers, and the general public. Exposure to hazardous health-care waste can result in disease or injury. The Government of India has been laying down rules, namely, Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, in 1998, The draft of Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling Rules 2011,), and recently Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules, 2016. Evidence from different parts of India show that the knowledge on BMW disposal among health-care personnel is low, and the practice of the same is not …

Gene Therapy For Childhood Neuromuscular And Neurodegenerative Disorders An Update, Prateek Kumar Panda

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

The central nervous system is a rather complex site for gene therapy as it contains neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, and they have discrete and intricate interconnections between them, establishing a delicate balance. However, with significant advances in scientific technology and development of new viral vectors, now, gene therapy has a greater promise for pediatric neurological disorders, especially for certain neurodegenerative diseases, which still remains to be invincible by other pharmacological modalities. Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector is the predominant vector used for gene therapy currently. Gene editing therapy using antisense oligonucleotides has been successfully implemented in neuromuscular diseases such as dystrophinopathy …

Maternal Mental Health And Its Influence On Infant Growth And Development A Systematic Review Of Observational Studies In South And East Asia, Shubhashree Venkatesh, J. Vindhya, Anita Nath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Maternal mental stress during pregnancy is an important public health concern. There is strong evidence from the Western world to support the presence of a significant association between maternal stress in pregnancy and adverse outcomes in the offspring. There are fewer studies from the South and East regions of Asia. The search was conducted according to the PRISMA criteria. Databases which included NCBI PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were used to search for relevant studies according to the eligibility criteria. Most of the studies have shown a significant relation between stress, depression, and anxiety during various stages of pregnancy with delayed …

Design, Synthesis, And Biological Evaluation Of Novel Diclofenac Analogs As Promising Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Manjula K. Chikkamath, Girish A. Hampannavar, Mahesh B. Palkar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used as analgesics and antipyretics in the treatment of pain, fever, and rheumatoid arthritis. Major side effect with treatment of NSAIDs is gastric irritation. 1,3,4-thiadiazole is an imperative scaffold since several of these derivatives are known to be associated with multiple biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-cancer, anti-tubercular, and immunosuppressive. Literature survey reveals that certain compounds bearing this nucleus possess significant anti-inflammatory activity with reduced ulcerogenic effect.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

In the present research work, we have synthesized thirteen 2-(2-[2,6-dichlorophenylamino] phenyl) acetohydrazide derivatives (4a–4m) and four 2,6-dichloro-

N

-(2-[6-phenylimidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-yl] methyl] phenyl) benzenamine …

Do Noise Stress Impact To Addiction?, Sundareswaran Lognathan, Arbind Kumar Choudhary, Kuppusamy Mahesh Kumar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Numerous studies have illustrated the impact of stress on addiction, its development, relapse vulnerability, and the dopamine mechanism. However, various studies on noise exposures as a stressor had been done, which could alter the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. Noise exposure harmful effect and changes in the individual's health was at least consideration and were less noticed. This review elucidates the facts and consequences of noise exposure toward mesolimbic dopamine circuitry perceptible in addiction. Further, this review generates greater attention and awareness among people toward noise exposure influence on addiction and its relation with dopamine. The noise stress may act as a …

Probiotic Use In The Management Of Hypertension A New Era Of Therapeutic Management, Swapnil Purushottam Borse, Devendra Pratap Singh, Dilawar Upadhyay, Vipin Sharma, Manish A. Nivsarkar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Hypertension (HTN) has become a common chronic medical condition which affects ≥20% of adult population worldwide. HTN is assumed to be a major contributing factor for increasing complication of metabolic syndrome by adding one or more comorbidities such as heart disease, stroke, chronic renal failure, myocardial infarction, blindness, and dementia. HTN is also considered as a lifestyle disorder, and there are mainly two types of HTN, namely primary and secondary. Primary HTN is about 90%–95% of all cases of HTN and it is defined as high blood pressure due to genetic factors and nonspecific lifestyle, while secondary HTN is due …

Rare Case Of Diabetes Mellitus, Sensorineural Hearing Loss, And Refractory Megaloblastic Anemia Slc19a2 Mutation, Tanmaya Metgud, Sujata Jali, Mahesh Kamate, Abhilasha Sampagar, Nishant Mittal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Reporting a rare and treatable case of thiamine responsive Megaloblastic Anemia with Sensori-neural Hearing Loss with Diabetes Mellitus in a 6 year old child due to SLC19A2 mutation. Simple thiamine treatment is cost effective and can reverse this disorder except hearing loss.

Necessity To Invest In Research And Development Activities To Combat The Threat Of Antimicrobial Resistance World Health Organization, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava, Jegadeesh Ramasamy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.