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Interview With William D. Wolfe - Vhp 022, William D. Wolfe

Winthrop University Oral History Program

In his October 20, 2003 interview with Alan Garmendia, William D. Wolfe recollects about his time in the Navy during WWII, the Korean War, and Vietnam. Wolfe shares the details of his work in the Navy on an experimental destroyer testing new sonar. The interview concludes with reminiscences of the South Pacific and pastimes of soldiers. This interview was conducted for inclusion into the Louise Pettus Archives and Special Collections Oral History Program.

Holy Cross Magazine, Vol. 37, No. 2, Spring 2003, College Of The Holy Cross

Holy Cross Magazine

War & Peace in the Classroom
Is there such thing as a “just war”? Are human beings inherently violent? Is terrorism ever a legitimate means to an end? Students taking courses in the Peace and Conflict Studies program at Holy Cross grapple with these and many other tough and timely questions.
By Vicki Ritterband

When is War Just?
An Interview with Lt. Gen. Bernard Trainor ’51
By Holy Cross Magazine

Officer, Gentleman and Scholar
HCM talks with Capt. Terence P. Labrecque, Commanding Officer of the College’s NROTC unit and professor of naval science.
By Holy Cross Magazine

The ROTC Question …

Pippo: An Italian Folklore Mystery Of World War Ii, Alan R. Perry

Italian Faculty Publications

During the German occupation of Northern Italy (1943-45), the Italian populace lived under the grip of fear as Allied bombardments pummeled towns, Nazifascists raided villages looking for partisans, and food grew ever more scarce. When night fell many Italians had to contend with another menace, a mysterious aircraft that they were sure was specifically after them and their loved ones. So real and yet mysterious was this aircraft that they gave it a name: Pippo. No one was quite sure if it was German or Allied, single-engine or double-engine, if it dropped bombs, or what its primary mission was, but …

Broken Bodies, Shattered Dreams: The Aftermath Of A Life As A Korean "Comfort Woman", Jessica Wininger

The Gettysburg Historical Journal

The Pacific War in Asia is infamous for the sickening atrocities committed by the military forces of both the Allies and Japan. Proof of the carnage is undeniable and is often discussed in textbooks, history classes, and documentaries around the world. The forced recruitment of women to serve as sex slaves to the Japanese military is included on the long list of wartime tragedies, however it often remains on the periphery of discussions on wartime violence. The negligence is due in part to the half century of silence that followed the victimization of the women most often known as “ianfu,” …

Review Essay: What Did You Do In The "Good War"?, Robert Messer

Swiss American Historical Society Review

Klaus Umer, "Let's Swallow Switzerland": Hitler's Plans Against the Swiss Confederation (Lexington Books, Lanham, Maryland, 2001)

Stephen Tanner, Refuge from the Reich: American Airmen and Switzerland During World War II (Sarpedon Publishers, Rockville Center, New York, 2000)

Angelo M. Codevilla, Between the Alps and a Hard Place: Switzerland in World War II and Moral Blackmail Today (Regnery Publishing, Washington, D.C., 2000)

If, as in Tom Wolfe's phrase, the 1970s were the decade of the "me generation", perhaps the 1990s could be termed the "mea culpa" decade. The United States government belatedly and properly apologized and paid reparations to thousands of …

Psychological Warfare, Japanese, Robert J. Bunker

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

Japanese psychological warfare operations were modeled on campaigns conducted by the British in World War I and the Germans in World War II. The Germans established a branch of their propaganda ministry in Japan, which resulted in close psychological warfare collaboration between these two Axis powers. As a result, their propaganda themes, such as both nations having divine or semidivine rulers and being populated by super races whose destiny was to rule the world, were strikingly parallel.

Bushido, Robert J. Bunker

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

Bushido was originally a code of conduct for the samurai, the warrior class of feudal Japan. The term literally means "the way [do] of the warrior [bushi]." Basic principles of Bushido developed during and in the centuries of warfare before the Kamakura Shogunate (1192-1333). The term came into normal usage during the stable Tokugawa Shogunate (1603-1867), when the samurai were subordinated tot he will of the state and the literary classic Hagakure (1716) was written.

International Humanitarian Law From Agincourt To Rome, Theodor Meron

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.

Wwii Ordnance Still Haunts Europe And The Asia-Pacific Rim, Margaret S. Busé

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

Explosives and mines from WWI and WWII still turn up on European and Asian construction sites, backyard gardens, beaches, wildlife preserves and former military training ground. For most countries, these discoveries are not isolated incidents but are the result of hastily cleared ammunition dumps, training ground, bombings and mine fields from these wars. In the United Kingdom, over 20 percent of the entire landmass has, at one time, been used for military training. This military training has resulted in uncovered ordnance that dates from cannon and musket balls to modern weapons. Many of the older U.K. ranges can contain an …

The Genesis Of European Nationalism, Linda J. Thayne

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

In the aftermath of the second world war to ravage Europe in a single generation, there emerged a conviction among many of the economic, political and social leaders of the most powerful nation-states of Europe and the United States that an equitable resolution to Europe's long standing national suspicions, hatreds and rivalries was crucial to prevent further warfare. For these Europeanists the means for effecting long-term peace and prosperity in Europe was the formation of an integrated European regime. Europeanists believed that the key to achieving this goal rested in their ability to intertwine the national interests of Europe's nation-states …

A Historic Context Statement For A World War Ii Era Black Officers' Club At Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, Steven D. Smith

Research Manuscript Series

This report provides a historic context statement for Building 2101, a WWII period Black Officers' Club located at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, that is still in active use. The best historical evidence indicates that the building, a standard A-12 temporary classroom building, was designed as the club for black officers stationed at Fort Leonard Wood sometime between June 1942 and January 1943. Later in 1943, it was expanded with an addition. The building was built as part of Fort Leonard Wood's initial construction and used as a Personnel Adjutant's Office for the Engineer Replacement Training Center, 7th Training Group (Colored), …

The Development Of United States Navy Convoy Escort Doctrine And The Implementation Of Coastal Convoys In 1942, Ronald J. Sheppard

History Theses & Dissertations

The convoy system, no matter how limited, has proven to be the most effective way of defending merchant shipping against attacks by submarines. Yet after the United States entered the Second World War, the United States Navy (USN) did not implement a comprehensive system of convoys for moving shipping along the East Coast of the United States until August 1942. Due to this lack of convoys during the first eight months of 1942, the losses of allied merchant ships to German submarines were among the highest experienced during the Second World War.

This thesis examines why the USN believed that …

Warrior-Club Traditions In Medieval Switzerland, Arnold H. Price

Swiss American Historical Society Review

This article endeavors to serve as an extension (as well as a confirmation) of my research on the role of warrior clubs during the era of migrations, the so-called Völkerwanderung. In regard to the Völkerwanderung terminology I am relying in this study primarily on the ground-breaking work of the late Hans Georg Wackemagel, whose novel anthropological approach unearthed and analyzed a substantial body of pagan traditions surviving in medieval Helvetia.

Keep The Flyin' Eight Balls Rollin': Military Leadership In The 3360th Quartermaster Truck Company, Grant T. Weller

Theses and Dissertations

The 3360th Quartermaster Truck Company, originally Company D of the 2639th Quartermaster Truck Battalion, was created in 1942 by drawing troops and officers from anti-aircraft units stationed in North Africa, to meet an emergency need for highway transportation to support the Allied advance East across North Africa. The reassigned troops and officers received no training in their new duties, but were instead immediately dispatched to the front with vital supplies. The company continued operations through North Africa, and on into Sicily and Italy. While in Italy, Elmer H. Puchta, previously assigned to the company as a platoon commander, took command. …

New Voices In The Nation: Women And The Greek Resistance, 1941-1964, By Janet Hart, Gerasimos Augustinos

Faculty Publications

Reviews the book New Voices in the Nation: Women and the Greek Resistance, 1941-1964, by Janet Hart.

Tolkien As A Post-War Writer, Tom Shippey

Mythlore: A Journal of J.R.R. Tolkien, C.S. Lewis, Charles Williams, and Mythopoeic Literature

The Lord of the Rings, though unique in many ways, is only one of a series of fantasies published by English authors before, during, and just after World War II, works united in their deep concern with the nature of evil and their authors’ belief that politics had given them a novel understanding of this ancient concept. This paper sets Tolkien in this contemporary context and considers what has been unique in his understanding of the modern world.

The Resurgence Of The Wehrmacht On The Western Front In The Fall Of 1944, Aaron S. Hamilton

History Theses & Dissertations

The resurgence of the Wehrmacht on the western front in the fall of 1944 was the product of the German Army High Command's attempt to overcome the severe effects of attrition by institutionalizing fanaticism and generating extreme self-sacrifice among its soldiers. The nature, form, and purpose of the Wehrmacht's resurgence in the west has never been fully explained and only examined in the context of operational histories. The Ardennes offensive has traditionally been used in the operational histories of the Allied campaign in Europe to demonstrate the Wehrmacht's physical ability to reorganize weapons, equipment and personnel effectively. The counter offensive, …

Oceans Law, The Maritime Environment, And The Law Of Naval Warfare, George K. Walker

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.

Margaret Jolly's Review Of Geoffrey M. White's Identity Through History: Living Stories In A Solomon Islands Society, Margaret Jolly

Pacific Studies

No abstract provided.

World War Ii: On The Home Front - M. Francis Coulson Interview, Jenny Sonnenberg

Adams County History

Americans love anniversaries. The fiftieth anniversary of the end of the Second World War has afforded citizens an opportunity to remember with pride the great men and events of a war that saved the world from totalitarian tyranny. Happily, memories of World War II have not been restricted to recalling battlefield heroics or diplomatic intrigues. Across the United States, public libraries and local historical societies have commemorated the Home Front during the war years with exhibits that recapture the texture of life on farms, factories, in classrooms, and at home during what Studs Terkel has labeled "the Good War." These …

Mutersbaugh, Bert Marsh, Jr., 1933-2023 (Sc 1323), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Manuscripts Small Collection 1323. Presentation entitled "Send Money...," given by Mutersbaugh, based upon World War II letters written by his brother-in-law Douglas Bales, Eminence, Missouri, while stationed at Fort Knox, Kentucky, and in Europe. Includes correspondence and other related data.

Out Of The Air: The Role Of Communications Intelligence In The Strategic Bombing Campaign Against The German Oil Industry And Transportation System In World War Ii, Darrell Nolen

History Theses & Dissertations

During World War II communications intelligence (ULTRA) was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the Allied strategic bombing campaign against the German oil industry and transportation system. In the case of the oil campaign communications intelligence provided confirmation of serious damage inflicted on the German war economy. This conformed nicely to the prewar American doctrine of precision daylight bombardment of critical nodes of an enemy industrial system. The intention of this policy was to cause the collapse of the enemy's military capability. The campaign against the German transportation system did not fit into this doctrinal framework as precisely; consequently, it …

Bombing The Sister Republic: The United States And Switzerland During World War Ii, James H. Hutson

Swiss American Historical Society Review

At 11:10 A.M., April 1, 1944, American military authorities in London received the following "strike message" from aircraft attacking a target in Europe: "392 Group bombed Last Resort with poor results at 10:50 hours. " This terse communication described the "gravest violation " of Swiss neutrality during the Second World War--in fact, during the entire twentieth century: the bombing of the city of Schafthausen by planes of the 2nd Division of the American 8th Army Air Force.

Breakdown In The Broker State: The Cio In Southern Nevada During World War Ii, Richard W Mingus

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

During World War II, the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) and the American Federation of Labor (AFL) fought a bitter jurisdictional dispute at Basic Magnesium, Incorporated (BMI), a defense plant in southern Nevada. While the CIO concentrated on organizing African-American workers, the AFL colluded with plant managers and conservative politicians, including Senator Patrick A. McCarran, in an effort to destroy the industrial union. Following the CIO's victory in a representation election sponsored by the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), the AFL and its allies used the newly-enacted Frey Amendment, a piece of legislation which sharply limited the Board's authority to …

Allied Communications Intelligence And The Monsoon Group, 1943-1945, Christopher G. Stuart

History Theses & Dissertations

The critical weakness of trade between Germany and Japan during the Second World War was exposed in 1943, when, after all other methods had failed, the Axis powers resorted to submarines as their main means of transportation. The Allied powers succeeded in disrupting the submarines, which the Germans called the Monsoon group. The Allies used communications intelligence to disrupt the Monsoon group in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans. Recently released United States Armed Forces LTRA decrypts, MAGIC messages and their summaries, and Selected Research Histories (SRH) provide the previously top secret details.

The Response Of The Vienna Government And Population To The American Bombing Attacks Of 1944-1945, Aurelia Roth

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations (1964–2006)

No abstract provided.

Ultra Underseas: Signal Intelligence And The Submarine War Against Japan, 1941-1945, Robert B. Watts

History Theses & Dissertations

During the Second World War the United States conducted a highly effective undersea war against Japan which relied on signal intelligence to direct the submarine force. Although submarines were naval assets, the sophisticated signal intelligence operation supporting them was composed of both army and navy organizations that considered a wide variety of factors in directing submarines against enemy economic and military power. While signal intelligence was used to direct submarines against targets of opportunity, the primary advantage of signal intelligence lay in the ability to provide a long-term strategic picture of the enemy. Through inter-service coordination, signal intelligence allowed for …

The Naval Practices Of Belligerents In World War Ii: Legal Criteria And Developments, Sally V. Mallison, Thomas W. Mallison

International Law Studies

No abstract provided.

Attacks On U.S. Submarines By Friendly Forces In World War Ii, Britt C. Skogstad

History Theses & Dissertations

This study analyzes cases in which U.S. submarines were attacked by friendly forces during World War II and identifies the causes of those incidents. Each case is interpreted in the context of the warfare doctrine, tactics, training, and procedures current at the time of the incident. The study determined that friendly attacks were primarily caused by the physical limitations of visually identifying a submarine. Contributing to the problem were inadequate recognition signal systems, poor communications, the latitude given to on-scene commanders to disregard safety procedures, the general attitude that any submarine detected was a threat, a sense of urgency to …

Taylor Magazine (Fall 1991), Taylor University

The Taylor Magazine (1963-Present)

The Fall 1991 edition of Taylor Magazine, published by Taylor University in Upland, Indiana.