Digital Commons Network^™

Questioning The Use Of Race-Specific And Gender-Specific Economic Data In Tort Litigation: A Constitutional Argument, Martha Chamallas

Fordham Law Review

No abstract provided.

Arab Women: A Profile Of Diversity And Change, Nahid Toubia, Amira Bahyeldin, Nadia Hijab, Heba Abdel Latif

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

The status of Arab women is the subject of much speculation, generalization, and stereotyping by those inside and outside the region. The paucity of objective, accessible information makes Arab women one of the least understood social groups. The aim of this book is to help correct misconceptions about Arab women by introducing systematic information for 21 Arab countries. Widely published international statistical data, mostly from the United Nations and the World Bank, were used for the comparisons. These datasets are compiled from country reports, national surveys, and aggregated smaller studies. They are by no means comprehensive or devoid of inaccuracies, …

Factors Affecting The Family Planning Program Drop-Out Rate In Bukidnon, Philippines, Lita Sealza

Reproductive Health

This study has involved interviews with a randomly selected sample of 389 family planning (FP) acceptors from 20 barangays in Bukidnon province, Philippines. Respondents were currently married women who had either continued to use family planning (FP) since their initial acceptance (current users) or who had stopped using FP altogether (dropouts). Findings from the present study are expected to shed light on several aspects of the dropout problem, namely: How extensive is this problem and how accurate are the DOH records in this regard? How do FP acceptors view their local FP clinic and the services offered? What reasons are …

Pregnancy Loss Support Groups: A Comparison Of Therapeutic Factors For Men And Women, Leslie Williams Beitch

Theses

Parents who experience a miscarriage, stillbirth, or newborn death often find themselves feeling profound grief with limited support or understanding from the community. Support groups for this population have emerged and gained in popularity throughout the country. This research will focus on specifically on the miscarriage, stillbirth, and newborn death experience and how the support group can meet these parents needs.

Parents attending SHARE pregnancy loss support groups participated in the study. Questionnaires were given to SHARE group leaders from all regions of the United States to distribute at their meetings. Fourteen men and twenty women completed questionnaires anonymously that …

Rape Law Reform's Limits, Beth Ann Richman

Honors Papers

The first that I will explore is the criticism of the wording of the law. Defining the crime of rape was seen as vital, in that, in many states it was impossible to get a conviction for certain types of sexual assaults, simply because statutorily they did not exist (Chappell. 1976). The second aspect of rape reform theory that I will review is the arguments that attempt to prove that rape is similar to other forms of criminal assault. This body of thought fits into an equality based argument that has been championed by some feminist legal theorists that deal …

Verbal Sexual Harassment As Equality-Depriving Conduct, Keith R. Fentonmiller

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Part I of this Note argues that commentators like Browne and some courts have mischaracterized the harm of verbal sexual harassment as mere "offense." Rather, the true harm of a sexually hostile environment created by words and expressive conduct extends beyond offense, emotional distress, and economic displacement; at bottom, the harm is equality-deprivation.

Part II explains how a sexually hostile environment is equality-depriving by arguing that words which create a sexually hostile environment must be understood in historical and social context. Words can be used not only to communicate ideas but also to perform acts of coercion and sexual abuse. …

Creating Campus Climates That Are Free From Sexual Harassment: Implications For Leaders In Higher Education, Susan E. Mitchell Edd

Dissertations

Based upon the preponderance of research which strongly indicates that sexual harassment is a serious problem for females in academia, the purpose of this study was to identify effective strategies for creating campus climates that are free from sexual harassment. In order to realistically bound the project, the study focused specifically upon the issue as it relates to undergraduate and graduate female students. The Delphi method, designed to generate solutions to complex problems, was the method of choice. Eighteen identified experts from thirteen campuses of The California State University participated as panelists and completed three rounds of surveys. The surveys …

Sex, Sin, And Women’S Liberation: Against Porn-Suppression., Carlin Meyer

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

Gender And Professional Roles, Deborah L. Rhode

Fordham Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Association Between Racial Group And Levels Of Conservatism Concerning Attitudes Toward Women, Julie Chambers

Honors Papers

This study explores the relationship between race and attitudes toward women, with a specific emphasis on class dynamics. Data is collected through surveys of black and white men in the town of Oberlin, Ohio. No racial differences are found on the overall attitude scale. In addition, when the variables are broken down into three categories; domestic, social and, political/leadership roles, racial differences are found only concerning social variables. Black men are found to hold significantly more traditional attitudes on the social scale than white men. Both black and white men respond less conservatively on the political attitudinal scale as compared …

Tying A Slipknot: Temporary Marriages In Iran, Tamilla F. Ghodsi

Michigan Journal of International Law

The purpose of this Note is to analyze the institution of mut'a critically, but objectively. It is important to first understand that it is possible to learn something from this institution. The sanctioning of temporary marriages illustrates the pervasive role of law as a method of social control, a characteristic which has parallels in the West. Furthermore, the institution may be challenged on its merits. For example, this Note intends to illustrate how the lack of formalism and the presence of great ambiguity in the institution have contributed to its lack of acceptance in Iranian society. The institution's deficiencies demonstrate …

Women In The Workforce: The Voice Of Change, Susan J. Cerny

Theses

This study presents a review of the current literature that pertains to the experiences of women in the male dominated working world. The specific focus of this study is the barriers that prevent women from advancing where men succeed.

When. women enter the workforce they tend to be naïve about the organizational culture that surrounds them. Women bring with them their natural feminine instincts and behaviors, which are not considered as valuable in the corporate world as male instincts and behaviors.

Because they are entering a "man's world," women are unaware of the subtle and underlying rules of the corporate …

Getting Civilized, Carol Gilligan

Fordham Law Review

No abstract provided.

Hearing Women Not Being Heard: On Carol Gilligan's Getting Civilized And The Complexity Of Voice, Elizabeth M. Schneider

Fordham Law Review

No abstract provided.

Men, Women And Rape, Donald Dripps, Linda Fairstein, Robin West, Deborah W. Denno

Fordham Law Review

No abstract provided.

“The Power Of Combination”: Emmeline B. Wells And The National And International Councils Of Women, Carol Cornwall Madsen

BYU Studies

No abstract provided.

Psychiatric Evidence Of Sexual Assault Victims: The Need For Fundamental Change In The Determination Of Relevance, Sadie Bond

Dalhousie Law Journal

What follows is a discussion of the use of evidence of the complainant's psychiatric history in sexual assault trials. I will argue that the introduction of this evidence is sought mainly for the purpose of discrediting the complainant's testimony, as part of an "attack the victim" strategy. The admissibility of this evidence as relevant is the product of unfounded myths and sex-biased, if not misogynist, views about women. This evidence is rarely, if ever, relevant and its minimal probative value is, in most cases, far outweighed by its potential for exacerbating or perpetuating sex bias in the sexual assault trial. …

Gender In The Military: Androcentrism And Institutional Reform, Kathryn Abrams

Law and Contemporary Problems

Military exclusion policies have been challenged by straight women, gays and lesbians. Questions about the arguments and the institutional mechanisms through which change can best be achieved are discussed.

Addicted Pregnancy As A Sex Crime, Lorraine Schmall

Northern Illinois University Law Review

This article examines how controls on addictive pregnancy present a new and dangerous threat to the treatment of women under the law. The author first examines the relationship between the mother and the fetus, concluding that no coherent status attaches to the unborn vis-a-vis its own mother which could justify depriving her of her privacy, autonomy, and the right to make personal family decisions. The article continues with a historical discussion of disparate legal treatment of women throughout history, and the discriminatory effect of state intervention into cases of addicted pregnancy on poor people and people of color. This article …

A Question Of Choice, Michele A. Estrin

Michigan Law Review

A Review of A Question of Choice by Sarah Weddington

The Violence Against Women Act: Civil Rights For Sexual Assault Victims, W. H. Hallock

Indiana Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Reproductive Technology And Disability: Searching For The "Rights" And Wrongs In Explanation, Judith Mosoff

Dalhousie Law Journal

Several years ago I worked as a lawyer representing psychiatric patients on the grounds of a large medieval-looking turn-of-the-century mental hospital in British Columbia. Soon after starting my new job I met Ann, a woman who shortly after her admission as an involuntary patient had informed her treatment team that she was pregnant. She had always wanted to have a baby. When she told her doctor about her pregnancy, he decided that this idea was part of her delusional system and prescribed anti-psychotic drugs to control her pathology. In fact she was pregnant and the medication given during the first …

Prostitution And Male Supremacy, Andrea Dworkin

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

The assumptions of academia can barely begin to imagine the reality of life for women in prostitution. Academic life is premised on the notion that there is a tomorrow and a next day and a next day; or that someone can come inside from the cold for time to study; or that there is some kind of discourse of ideas and a year of freedom in which you can have disagreements that will not cost you your life. These are premises that those who are students here or who teach here act on every day. They are antithetical to the …

The Hunger Trap: Women, Food, And Self-Determination, Christine Chinkin, Shelley Wright

Michigan Journal of International Law

The authors examine the relationship of international law and food to women by first presenting seven stories of women from different situations, geographical locations, and conditions of affluence or poverty. These individual stories illustrate in a concrete way the circumstances of individual women's lives and their relationship to food and hunger. They are, to some extent, representative of women generally. We then examine the international legal framework and the provisions of international law that might be relevant to relieving the reality of hunger and women's vulnerability to food deprivation.

Prostitution And Civil Rights, Catharine A. Mackinnon

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

The gap between the promise of civil rights and the real lives of prostitutes is an abyss which swallows up prostituted women.' To speak of prostitution and civil rights in one breath moves the two into one world, at once exposing and narrowing the distance between them.

An Analysis Of Individual, Institutional, And Cultural Pimping, Evelina Giobbe

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

A pimp is a man .. .who takes all or a part of the earnings of women who sell their bodies for gain. He may have inveigled her into becoming a prostitute or acquired her after she started the business. Invariably he encourages her to continue in prostitution, and he may be either her lover or her husband, but always he is her supposed protector.

An Imperfect Remedy For Imperfect Violence: The Construction Of Civil Rights In The Violence Against Women Act, David Frazee

Michigan Journal of Gender & Law

Along with the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Americans with Disabilities Act, the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) could be the most significant addition to federal civil rights laws in the last century. While potentially revolutionary, the VAWA's civil rights remedy forges two problematic legal concepts-traditional civil rights jurisprudence and "perfect" violence-into a super-remedy that risks combining the worst aspects of each. Those who utilize and interpret the Act can avoid this outcome by situating individual violent acts in the broader social and historical context of gender-motivated violence.

The Exclusion Of Pregnant, Pregnable, And Once-Pregnable People (A.K.A. Women) From Biomedical Research, Vanessa Merton

Elisabeth Haub School of Law Faculty Publications

The barriers to women's participation as subjects in biomedical research are currently being challenged as a matter of legislative policy, medicine, and law. This Article catalogs the ways in which women have been disadvantaged by their exclusion and recent developments to redress them, and goes on to dissect the underlying rationales for excluding women from clinical trials. The author reveals the 'fundamental misconception' behind exclusionary rationales, and argues that research sponsors in fact have more to fear in the way of potential liability from the exclusion of women, even pregnant women and women of child-bearing capacity, than from their inclusion. …

The Relationship Between Future Time Perspective And Breast Self-Examination In Young Adult Women, Nancy Marie Ronan

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between future time perspective (FTP) and frequency and quality of BSE performance. FTP relates to the way an individual views her own personal future, which may influence many aspects of her life, including behavior. Recent studies show FTP to positively relate to other health behaviors; The sample consisted of 153 young adult women from the Student Health Center of a large University who took an informational health class which included BSE instruction. A demographic questionnaire, Champion's Quality of BSE survey, and Heimberg's FTP Inventory were used to obtain data. A …

Differences Between Male And Female Principals In Terms Of Demographics, Perceived Barriers Encountered, And Strategies Used While In Pursuit Of The Principalship, Ann Heywood Angulo

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Without question, women numerically surpass men in the education profession, composing the greater percentage of teachers. Nonetheless, men dominate administrative positions at all levels. According to the literature, the female administrative aspirant faces numerous unique barriers making it more difficult for her to become a school administrator than for her male counterpart. As a result, she must use additional strategies if she intends to be successful in her pursuit of advancement; In light of previous research, a survey was sent to all 182 principals in the Clark County School District which is centered in Las Vegas, Nevada. The purpose of …