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Origins Of The Commonwealth Of Puerto Rico In The Context Of United States Strategic Interests In The Caribbean (1938-1950), Francisco J. Gonzalez Sosa

All Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Other Capstone Projects

The purpose of this paper is to explore the political and military considerations that provided the frame of reference for the promulgation of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico in 1952. Since 1492 possession of this island has been coveted by nations with vital interest in the Caribbean region. To the United States, who conquered the island in 1898, Puerto Rico formed the backbone of the defense perimeter for the Panama Canal and adjacent shipping lanes. Experience during World War 11 and the subsequent threat from the Soviet Union reinforced the military value of the island. The importance of the geostrategic …

Military Downsizing In The United States: A Study Of Military Base Closures In California From The Late 1980'S To Early 1990'S, Hobreigh R Fischer

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Military Downsizing in the United States examines military downsizing efforts during the late 1980's and early 1990's. It begins with an outline of the historical development of the United States military, and it then evaluates the key economic and political factors involved in the recent decision to close bases around the country. Military Downsizing in the United States then evaluates three separate base closure case studies in California. The case studies are Fort Ord, the Long Beach Naval Complex, and Norton Air Force Base. The goal of these evaluations is to determine whether interest group or elite politics is controlling …

Punishment Most Cruel, Bruce Ledewitz

Ledewitz Papers

Published scholarship collected from academic journals, law reviews, newspaper publications & online periodicals

Revisionist Zionism In America: The Campaign To Win American Public Support, 1939-1948, Joanna Maura Saidel

Doctoral Dissertations

Shortly before the outbreak of World War II, followers of the Zionist Revisionists went to the United States at the urging of their leader, Vladimir Jabotinsky. They established two groups which initially attempted to gain public support for the creation of a Jewish Army.

The New Zionist Organization of America, headed by Ben Zion Netanyahu, followed the Revisionist political party. Its campaign exposed the anti-Jewish position of the British in Palestine. It was effective in placing the Palestine problem on the world (rather than regional) agenda of the State Department.

The Irgun Delegation to the United States, headed by Hillel …

A Vision From Locksley Hall : American Air Power From Kitty Hawk To Schweinfurt, Leif H. Urseth

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

A Suicide Profile Of Native Americans In North Dakota, Duane L. Gourneau

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Elizabeth Seton: Her World And Her Church, Judith Metz S.C.

Vincentian Studies

The first part of this article gives the political, social, economic, and religious context of the world in which Elizabeth Seton lived. The second part describes the establishment and work of the Sisters of Charity. Education for all was important to early Americans, largely because everyone was supposed to read the Bible. Women had more agency than their European counterparts, although their influence was still mostly confined to the home. They were charged with instilling morality in children, and through them, in society in general. This was reflected in the curriculum of Elizabeth Seton’s school, Saint Joseph’s Academy. The outlook …

The Impractical Ideal Costa Rica, The United States And Central America Reunification, 1902-1932, Donald R. Lam

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

This thesis examines the motivations of Central American Unionists and the failure of their movement in the early years of the twentieth century. The existing literature attributes the failure of Central American unification during this era to U.S. policies meant to maintain a divided isthmus in order to economically and politically exploit the region. A closer analysis of the primary sources, however, reveals that union failed because of internal factors, and that Washington's actions generally favored efforts to rejoin the nations to reduce isthmian tensions. Attempts to reunite the republics failed because of regional and domestic political rivalries, weaknesses in …

Resource Law Notes Newsletter, No. 28, Spring Issue, Apr. 1993, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

Resource Law Notes: The Newsletter of the Natural Resources Law Center (1984-2002)

No abstract provided.

Vincentian Pioneers Of The Mississippi Valley (1818–1900), Dennis P. Mccann

Vincentian Studies

This article pertains to an exhibit at DePaul University’s library that was meant to educate people about DePaul’s Vincentian identity. Dennis McCann discusses the history of the Congregation and of the Daughters of Charity in the United States and explains what the items in the exhibit reveal about that history. There are twelve groups of objects with themes that include: the Congregation’s early mission in the United States, the linkage of the American mission with its French Vincentian Heritage, Vincentian iconography, life at Saint Mary of the Barrens, the history of the Basilica of Saint Louis (Old Cathedral), the institutions …

Challenge To Missionaries: The Religious Worlds Of New France, Daniel A. Scalberg

Vincentian Studies

In the eighteenth century, huge numbers of coureurs de bois, illegal French fur traders, selectively engaged in elements of indigenous peoples’ practices and even combined them with certain Christian rituals. They did this to foster trading relationships with the indigenous peoples who controlled the land. For their part, these peoples used intermarriage and other religious rituals to integrate the French into their societies. Contrary to missionaries’ complaints, these French did not lack religion, but their understanding of it was certainly different from the clergy’s. The coureurs de bois were not interested in “establishing a Church under the highest ideals …

Technology Transfer From Military Applications To Intelligent Vehicle Highway Systems, Amy Polk

CUTR Research Reports

No abstract provided.

Presidential Systems In Stress: Emergency Powers In Argentina And The United States, William C. Banks, Alejandro D. Carrió

Michigan Journal of International Law

This article offers three comparative insights. First, it concludes that comparative inquiries into presidential systems may be useful for those interested in constitutional government, regardless of historical, cultural, or other contextual differences among nations. Thus, nations with presidentialist constitutional systems may have common problems because of the institutional presidency. The article maintains that our presidential systems are in such states of disrepair that a fundamental reinvigoration of the legislative and judicial branches is required, so that government may better serve important constitutional values in our nations.

Ethics And Foreign Policy Decisions: Iran-Contra United States-Iraq Interaction, 1988-1991, Maureen Stephanie Carroll

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

As industrialized nations, particularly the United States, continue to rely on oil to support their standard of living and production, the Middle East increases as a strategic location. Ethics and Foreign Policy Decisions: Iran-Contra - United States-Iraq Interaction, 1988-91 explores the ethics of policy making which employ the 'many hands' and 'dirty hands' approach. The Iran-Contra affair and United States-Iraq interaction from 1988-91 are used as case studies. Suggestions for counteracting the usage of the 'many hands' and 'dirty hands' practices are discussed. These suggestions include real communication and accountability for the many players involved in decision making and reflection …

The Implementation Of The Reagan Administration's Counterterrorist Policy, Howard Lawrence Steinberg

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

This thesis investigates the implementation of President Ronald Reagan's active counterterrorist policy. The paper attempts to determine why the stated policy of "swift and effective retribution" was not carried out. This paper concentrates on the discrepancies between the numerous statements advocating retaliation made by Reagan and his top officials and the failure of these officials to administer the necessary orders for such retaliatory policies. This research indicated numerous causes, although the primary cause is attributed to the divergent opinions of the reticent Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger and the more retributive views of the two successive Secretaries of State, Alexander …

International Human Rights Law In United States Courts: A Comparative Perspective, Anne Bayefsky, Joan Fitzpatrick

Michigan Journal of International Law

This article will catalogue the various contexts in which United States courts have agreed or refused to follow international human rights law, treating separately the larger number of cases concerning customary norms, the relatively small group of cases relating to human rights treaties, and the cases in which international norms are referenced without regard to their status as binding law. In each of these sections we will analyze areas of confusion, disagreement, or under-development in international legal doctrine that impede the productive use of human rights norms by domestic courts. We will also compare the approaches of United States courts …

Vietnam : The Question Of An Alternative Revolution, Philip A. O'Brien

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

J. Robert Oppenheimer And His Role In The Development Of The United States Nuclear Weapons Policy 1945-1953, Craig M. Harris

History Theses & Dissertations

J. Robert Oppenheimer played a highly visible role in the development of nuclear weapons policy for the United States. He was very influential in President Harry S. Truman's Administration after the Second World War. Following the Soviet Union's first atomic bomb blast in August 1949, Oppenheimer became out of step with those who made nuclear weapons policy. He continued to give advice on disarmament issues. In 1953, the first year of Dwight D. Eisenhower's Administration, Oppenheimer questioned the utility of the Superpower's nuclear arms build up, particularly the hydrogen bomb, while leaving the American people ignorant of the impact such …

Inter-American Indemnity: Internal Security And The Mutual Security Program For Latin America (1951-1961), Robert George Baker

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

This thesis examines the purpose of U.S. military aid in the American Republics from 1951 through 1961 and proves that concern for internal security became dominant during that period. At first military aid supported hemispheric defense against communist aggression, which Washington orchestrated through mutual defense agreements, but by 1953 maintenance of internal security emerged as the major aim of aid to several Central American nations. In 1956 the National Security Council determined that internal security was a vital goal of the military aid program for Latin America. The ascendance of internal security concerns is described and analyzed in three parts: …

The Evolution And Implementation Of Eisenhower's "New Look" Foreign Policy: Guatemala, Jonathan Joseph York

History Theses & Dissertations

In 1954, a United States assisted coup ousted the freely elected Jacobo Arbenz Guatemalan government. The Eisenhower administration took action because it believed the Guatemalan government was influenced by a communist movement directed from Moscow. Eisenhower's "New Look" foreign policy, a continuation of the containment theory, utilized and revitalized the inner core of the Executive Branch to achieve its objective of eliminating the communist menace emanating from Guatemala. The strategy that supported Eisenhower's policy was successful largely due to conducive political and public opinion in the United States and instability within Guatemala. The "New Look" strategy incorporated use of diplomatic …

Political Influences On The National Park Service : Past And Present, Bonnie Sachatello

Master's Theses

Since the beginning of the Reagan Administration in 1981, there has been a dramatic change in policies affecting the national parks and the National Park service. The Department of the Interior's goals combined with the economic strategies of this Administration have brought about new park policies that have departed sharply from those of the last two decades. This thesis is designed to distill some of the changes evidenced in park policy and the Park service under the Reagan Administration.

Note, The United States, Israel And Their Extradition Dilemma, Sheryl A. Petkunas

Michigan Journal of International Law

Part I of this note will examine the different approaches taken by the Second, Seventh and Ninth Circuits in their application of the Treaty's political offense exception. Part II will discuss the conflict that may arise from Israel's application of a domestic law which contravenes the purpose of the Treaty. Part III will address both the need for the United States and Israel to reconcile problems in applying the political offense exception through renegotiation and the dilemma arising from the failure of the Israeli government and the Knesset to coordinate policy with regard to the extradition of nationals.

Towards The 21st Century: Long Cycles And The Future Of The United States, John Davis

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

With a plethora of declinist literature positing the decline and eventual dissolution of the American order, "Towards the Twenty-first Century: Long Cycles and the Future of the United States" offers a new perspective on the world leadership position of the United states. Using the literature on long cycles as its instrument, this study argues that there will be a continuation of U.S. systemic leadership through the twenty-first century.

Essential Elements Of A Republic Of China Maritime Policy, 1989 September, Clinton H. Whitehurst Jr.

Publications

No abstract provided.

Half A Memory : The Vietnam War In The American Mind, 1975-1985, Mark W. Jackley

Master's Theses

This study attempts to show how Americans in general remembered the Vietnam War from 1975 to 1985, the decade after it ended. A kind of social history, the study concentrates on the war as remembered in the popular realm, examining novels as well as nonfiction, poetry, plays, movies, articles in political journals, songs, memorials, public opinion polls and more. Most everything but academic history is discussed. The study notes how the war's political history was not much remembered; the warrior, not the war, became the focus of national memory. The study argues that personal memory predominated over political memory for …

Containment, Cliency And The Revolution In Vietnam, Deborah Tompsett-Makin

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

This thesis addresses the question, why does U.S. foreign policy contribute to political instability in developing nations? To ascertain the answer, it analyzes the post-World War II administrations from Truman through Johnson. One mode of containment, cliency, a foreign policy relationship between a major power and a weaker state, is developed within the framework analyzing containment. The cliency model provides a theoretical basis for explaining how the domestic structure of the client state is systematically distorted by the patron's actions in pursuit of its global interests. The cliency model is also linked to the pattern of development and stability of …

Rustic Warriors: Warfare And The Provincial Soldier On The Northern Frontier, 1689-1748, Steven Charles Eames

Doctoral Dissertations

Utilizing the period of the early French wars as a whole, this study examines the experience of war on the northern frontier and its impact on the provincial soldier. Part One explores the warfare itself, with chapters on the initiation of war and the New England military system, garrison houses and community defense, provincial forts, patrols and raids, expeditions, and logistical problems associated with weapons and ammunition. The second part discusses the provincial soldiers themselves, including recruiting, officers, training and fighting spirit, the physical experience of combat and the tactical response to Indian warfare, wounds and medical care, and the …

Dynamics Of Minority Education: An Index To The Status Of Race And Ethnic Relations In The United States, James E. Blackwell

Trotter Review

Throughout this century scholars and legal experts have devoted special attention to the issue of race and ethnicity as a determinant of life chances in the United States. Some of the more influential treatises in the social and behavioral sciences, many of which have become classics, addressed fundamental, derivative (and often more compelling) extensions of race and ethnicity. They focused on such topics as race-based group dominance, ethnic stratification, structural inequality based upon racial or ethnic identification, beliefs in inherent racial superiority and status privilege, class exploitation, the nature of prejudice, and the maintenance of power over groups defined as …

Risk Communication Law And Implementation Issues In The United States And European Community, Michael S. Baram

Faculty Scholarship

Risk communication has become an important element of public policy in the United States and the European Community (E.C.) for reducing technological risks to workers, product users and community residents. The risk communication process involves disclosure by an industrial firm (or other party) of information about the hazardous attributes of its activity or product to a regulatory agency or to persons who may be at risk, thereby facilitating a shared understanding of the risk and enabling interpretation of various risk prevention and response measures.

There are two general patterns of risk communication. One involves industrial disclosure to a government agency, …

Afghanistan : Peace And Repatriation? : A Staff Report, United States

Books in English

No abstract provided.