Digital Commons Network^™

Ixodes Affinis (Acari: Ixodidae) In Southeastern Virginia And Implications For The Spread Of Borrelia Burgdorferi, The Agent Of Lyme Disease, Robyn M. Nadolny, Chelsea L. Wright, Wayne L. Hynes, Daniel E. Sonenshine, Holly Gaff

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Ixodes affinis Neumann is a hard-bodied (ixodid) tick known to be a competent vector for Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease, and agents of other human diseases (Keirans et al. 1999). Ixodes affinis has been reported in Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina and throughout coastal North Carolina (Clark et al. 1998, Harrison et al. 2010). Harrison et al. (2010) indicated that I. affinis was established throughout the coastal plain of North Carolina up to the Virginia border and suggested that I. affinis might occur in Virginia.

Addressing The Fertility Needs Of Hiv-Seropositive Males, Brian A. Levine, Sahadat K. Nurudeen, Jennifer T. Gosselin, Mark V. Sauer

Psychology Faculty Publications

An increasing number of serodiscordant couples are utilizing advanced reproductive technologies to address their reproductive needs. Recent literature has demonstrated that it is not only technically possible but also safe to utilize sperm-washing techniques to allow for the creation of embryos, thereby preventing both horizontal and vertical transmission of HIV. This article addresses the strengths and weakness of various reproductive techniques and discusses our experience at Columbia University (NY, USA), the location of the largest HIV-focused fertility program in the USA.

Viral Gastroenteritis In Charleston, West Virginia, In 2007: From Birth To 99 Years Of Age, Carolyn M. Wilhelm, Samantha L. Hanna, Christine A. Welch, Haider Shahid, Linda L. Minnich, Shane B. Daly, John N. Udall

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Increase In America's Health, Decrease In Health Costs : Through A Public-Private Health Working Relationship, Kimberly A. Schulte

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Hiv Policy: The Path Forward--A Joint Position Paper Of The Hiv Medicine Association Of The Infectious Diseases Society Of America And The American College Of Physicians., Christine Lubinski, Judith Aberg, Arlene D Bardeguez, Richard Elion, Patricia Emmanuel, Daniel Kuritzkes, Michael Saag, Kathleen E Squires, Andrea Weddle, Jennifer Rainey, M Renee Zerehi, J Fred Ralston, David A Fleming, David Bronson, Molly Cooke, Charles Cutler, Yul Ejnes, Robert Gluckman, Mark Liebow, Kenneth Musana, Mark E Mayer, Mark W Purtle, P Preston Reynolds, Lavanya Viswanathan, Kevin B Weiss, Baligh Yehia

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Executive Summary

The American College of Physicians (ACP) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) have jointly published 3 policy statements on AIDS, the first in 1986 [1], the second in 1988 [2], and the third in 1994 [3]. In 2001, the IDSA created the HIV Medicine Association (HIVMA), and this updated policy paper is a collaboration between the ACP and the HIVMA of the IDSA. Since the last statement, many new developments call for the need to reexamine and update our policies relating to HIV infection. First, there have been major advances …

Remote Sensing Data Integration Into Ecological Niche Modeling For Two North American Bombus Species, Elliott C. Smith

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Mrsa Usa300 Clone And Vref--A Us-Colombian Connection?, Cesar A Arias, Sandra Rincon, Shahreen Chowdhury, Ernesto Martínez, Wilfrido Coronell, Jinnethe Reyes, Sreedhar R Nallapareddy, Barbara E Murray

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Influence Of Host Interleukin-10 Polymorphisms On Development Of Traveler's Diarrhea Due To Heat-Labile Enterotoxin-Producing Escherichia Coli In Travelers From The United States Who Are Visiting Mexico, Jose Flores, Herbert L Dupont, Stephanie A Lee, Jaime Belkind-Gerson, Mercedes Paredes, Jamal A Mohamed, Lisa Y Armitige, Dong-Chuan Guo, Pablo C Okhuysen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Up to 60% of U.S. visitors to Mexico develop traveler's diarrhea (TD), mostly due to enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strains that produce heat-labile (LT) and/or heat-stable (ST) enterotoxins. Distinct single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the interleukin-10 (IL-10) promoter have been associated with high, intermediate, or low production of IL-10. We conducted a prospective study to investigate the association of SNPs in the IL-10 promoter and the occurrence of TD in ETEC LT-exposed travelers. Sera from U.S. travelers to Mexico collected on arrival and departure were studied for ETEC LT seroconversion by using cholera toxin as the antigen. Pyrosequencing was performed to …

Pcr-Based Assay Using Occult Blood Detection Cards For Detection Of Diarrheagenic Escherichia Coli In Specimens From Us Travelers To Mexico With Acute Diarrhea, Kevin A Grimes, Jamal A Mohamed, Herbert L Dupont, Ranjit S Padda, Zhi-Dong Jiang, Jose Flores, Jaime Belkind-Gerson, Francisco G Martinez-Sandoval, Pablo C Okhuysen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Large field studies of travelers' diarrhea for multiple destinations are limited by the need to perform stool cultures on site in a timely manner. A method for the collection, transport, and storage of fecal specimens that does not require immediate processing and refrigeration and that is stable for months would be advantageous. This study was designed to determine if enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) DNA could be identified from cards that were processed for the evaluation of fecal occult blood. U.S. students traveling to Mexico during 2005 to 2007 were monitored for the occurrence of diarrheal …

Assistant Secretary For International Affairs Clay Lowery Testimony Before The House Committee On Financial Services, Clay Lowery

Documents

Assistant Secretary for International Affairs Clay Lowery discuss the Administration's request for authorization to participate in the 15th replenishment (IDA15) of the International Development Association(IDA).

Use Of A Help-Wanted Index To Assess Marketplace Demand For Ophthalmologists, Chukwuemeka Nwanze

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Over the 26 year study period a consistent increase in the demand for academic ophthalmologists was noted (34% of HWI in 1980 to 74% in 2005). There was also a consistent increase in the demand for specialists (31% of HWI in 1980 to 80% in 2005), especially demand for retina specialists. There were no consistent geographical trends in demand. Need for academic ophthalmologists seems to be correlated with national research expenditure and stock market gains (p = 0.00191), while demand for private practice ophthalmologists seems to be correlated with the national economic wellbeing, as measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) …

Interagency Statement On Pandemic Planning, United States: Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council (Ffiec)

Documents

No abstract provided.

No Observed Adverse Effects: Developing Neurons, Organophosphate Insecticides, And The 1996 Food Quality Protection Act, Brendan R. Jackson

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Physicians are familiar with organophosphates (OPs) as a classic, though obscure, cause of cholinergic poisoning. Many opportunities for human exposure existsixty million pounds of OPs are applied as insecticides to sixty million acres of U.S. land each year, and, until recently, over one-fifth of Americans used these chemicals in their homes. Most physicians, however, still know little about the dangers that these pesticides pose to the developing nervous system. By the late 1980s, toxicologists increasingly recognized that toxicants such as lead and mercury, even at doses well-below the level required to cause symptomatic poisoning, could induce subtle, yet permanent, neurological …

Do Hospitalists Or Physicians With Greater Inpatient Hiv Experience Improve Hiv Care In The Era Of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy? Results From A Multicenter Trial Of Academic Hospitalists, John A. Schneider, Qi Zhang, Andrew Auerbach, David Gonzales, Peter Kaboli, Jeffrey Schnipper, Tosha B. Wetterneck, David L. Pitrak, David O. Meltzer

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background. Little is known about the effect of provider type and experience on outcomes, resource use, and processes of care of hospitalized patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Hospitalists are caring for this population with increasing frequency.

Methods. Data from a natural experiment in which patients were assigned to physicians on the basis of call cycle was used to study the effects of provider type—that is, hospitalist versus non hospitalist—and HIV-specific inpatient experience on resource use, outcomes, and selected measures of processes of care at 6 academic institutions. Administrative data, inpatient interviews, 30-day follow-up interviews, and the National Death …

The Uses Of Rickets: Race, Technology, And The Politics Of Preventive Medicine In The Early Twentieth Century, M. Allison Arwady

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Rickets, the bone disease classically caused by Vitamin D deficiency, was one of the most common diseases of children 100 years ago. It has been recognized as a disease of urban living and linked to issues of race and culture for generations. This paper uses unpublished patient records from 1904 to 1909 and archival and published materials from multiple community-based trials, including the New Haven Rickets Study (1923-1926), to explore how the definition, diagnosis, and treatment of rickets shifted in the first decades of the twentieth century in the United States. Before 1910, as evidenced by patient records, neither the …

An Investigation Of The Quantity And Type Of Female Veterans' Responses To Hepatitis C Treatment Screening And Acceptance, Sue L. Currie

Doctoral Dissertations

unavailable

Incarceration : A Rising Population Dilemma, Lessie Smith Jr.

Master's Theses

The nation's incarceration growth continues to soar, having negative economic and societal effects. This research explores continued growth causes and possible answers to prevent, intervene, and slow down incarceration. Hampton Roads institutions' offenders and professional staff were surveyed. The survey focuses on preventive and intervention programs and their effectiveness, sociological and economical factors leading to imprisonment, and statistics supporting incarceration growth. The research goal is to validate program contents and components factoring into imprisonment. The study of others and information generated through this study are used to determine program needs and current effectiveness. This study explores reasons offenders frequent the …

Native Communities And Climate Change: Protecting Tribal Resources As Part Of National Climate Policy: Report, Jonathan M. Hanna, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center, Western Water Assessment (Program)

Books, Reports, and Studies

67 p.

Public Health Performance, F. Douglas Scutchfield Md

Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health Presentations

No abstract provided.

Depression Treatment In Hiv-Infected And Uninfected Veterans: Do Treatment Rates Vary By Hiv Status?, Kristen Sueoka

Yale Medicine Thesis Digital Library

Background: Despite a higher prevalence of depression among HIV-infected veterans, previous research has shown that infectious disease (ID) providers report substantially less comfort with depression treatment than do general medicine (GM) providers. We examined whether HIV-infected veterans who are treated by ID providers are less likely to have their depressive symptoms treated compared to uninfected controls managed by GM providers. Methods: We used survey, service utilization, and pharmacy data on veterans from the Veterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS), a prospective cohort study of HIV-infected and age-, race- and site-matched uninfected subjects at 8 Veterans Affairs Healthcare Centers. We used the …

Approval Of New Drugs By The U. S. Food And Drug Administration: Problems With The Process And Access To Unapproved Drugs, Christine M. Hoeft-Loyer

Master's Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Today, the vast majority of drugs available for patient use have gone through a rigorous system of human clinical trials supervised by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), to ensure the drugs are safe and efficacious. There are now citizen advocacy groups that seek use of drugs not yet approved by the FDA, to be administered to terminally ill patients who have exhausted all other available means of therapy. The FDA has programs for terminal patients, under the supervision of their physicians, to use unapproved drugs; however, the advocacy groups seek access to drugs in much earlier phases than is …

Project Echo: Linking University Specialists With Rural And Prison-Based Clinicians To Improve Care For People With Chronic Hepatitis C In New Mexico, Sanjeev Arora, Karla Thornton, Steven M. Jenkusky, Brooke Parish, Joseph V. Scaletti

Project ECHO Bibliography

Project Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (Project ECHO) is a telemedicine and distance-learning program designed to improve access to quality health care for New Mexicans with hepatitis C. Project ECHO links health-care providers from rural clinics, the Indian Health Service, and prisons with specialists at the University of New Mexico. At weekly clinics, partners present and discuss patients with hepatitis C with specialists. Partners can receive continuing education credits for participating. Since June 2003, 173 hepatitis C clinics have been conducted with 1,843 case presentations. Partners have received 390 hours of training and 2,997 hours of continuing education credits. And …

Balancing Individual Rights And Public Health Safety During Quarantine: The U.S. And Canada, Erin M. Page

Case Western Reserve Journal of International Law

No abstract provided.

Binge Drinking : A Developing Pandemic Or Lack Of Scientific Definition, Matthew A. Olson

Undergraduate Theses and Senior Projects

No abstract provided.

Statement By G8 Finance Ministers Moscow February 10-11, 2006, United States: Department Of The Treasury, U. S. Department Of The Treasury, U.S. Treasury Department Office Of Public Affairs

Documents

No abstract provided.

Non-Adherence: A Symptom Of The Current Health Care Model, Margaret Duggan

Honors Theses

This paper aims to provide a systematic review of the discourse surrounding patient adherence in an effort to illustrate the extent of the problem, how it is framed, and how intervention is currently approached. The paper begins with a general review of adherence, to ground the reader in the current discourse. The next section of the paper will focus specifically on adherence through the lens of HIV/AIDS. Since HIV/AIDS treatment and adherence to antiretroviral drugs is pertinent to adherence issues due to the complexity and lifelong duration of treatment. Furthermore, adherence with HIV/AIDS medications is particularly important due to the …

Cholera And Its Impact On Nineteenth-Centry Mormon Migration, Patricia Rushton

BYU Studies

Nineteenth-century migrants traveling across America suffered from many diseases as they journeyed to new homes in the West. The disease that was most common and caused the highest rate of illness and death was cholera. Historian Robert Carter notes, "It was a disease with which people were... familiar, yet it was little understood. It would strike suddenly, with no warning, often killing the victim within hours of the first symptoms. It was so uncontrollable that often entire families, even whole emigrating companies, would be wiped out." While cholera was not always fatal, it brought fear and suffering into the lives …

Hiv/Aids And Condom Usage: Factors That Contribute To African American Women's Vulnerability To Hiv Infection, Monica P. Washington

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

HIV/AIDS poses an enormous health threat to African Americans, specifically African American women. According to the Center for Disease Control "1 in 160 African American women are believed to be infected with HIV (Center for Disease Control 1999:1). In 2000, although African American women only represented 12% of the female population, they accounted for 64% of HIV cases reported among women (The White House 2000; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases 2004).

This study examined HIV/AIDS and African American women and attempted to answer the question: Why are African American women not consistently using condoms to protect themselves against …

Feral Cats: An Overview, Margaret R. Slater, Stephanie Shain

State of the Animals 2005

Humans and cats have a long and complex history together. Since the nineteenth century, contradictory ideas about the need to protect and care for cats have moved us toward a shift in ideas, values, and behaviors to a more benign perception of cats than was generally the case in previous centuries. In some quarters, but not all, even feral cats have begun to be seen as worthy of our study and humane treatment. In many countries, the welfare of all cats has become a focus of public concern, but nowhere is the shift in values reflected more than in the …

Sars Surveillance During Emergency Public Health Response, United States, March-July 2003, Stephanie J. Schrag, John T. Brooks, Chris Van Beneden, Umesh D. Parashar, Patricia M. Griffin, Larry J. Anderson, William J. Bellini, Robert F. Benson, Dean D. Erdman, Alexander Klimov, Thomas G. Ksiazek, Teresa C. T. Peret, Deborah F. Talkington, W. Lanier Thacker, Maria L. Tondella, Jacquelyn S. Sampson, Allen W. Hightower, Dale F. Nordenberg, Brian D. Plikaytis, Ali S. Khan, Nancy E. Rosenstein, Tracee A. Treadwell, Cynthia G. Whitney, Anthony E. Fiore, Tonji M. Durant, Joseph F. Perz, Annemarie Wasley, Daniel Feikin, Joy L. Herndon, William A. Bower, Barbara W. Klibourn, Deborah A. Levy, Victor G. Coronado, Joanna Buffington, Clare A. Dykewicz, Rima F. Khabbaz, Mary E. Chamberland

Journal Articles: Epidemiology

In response to the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the United States established national surveillance using a sensitive case definition incorporating clinical, epidemiologic, and laboratory criteria. Of 1,460 unexplained respiratory illnesses reported by state and local health departments to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from March 17 to July 30, 2003, a total of 398 (27%) met clinical and epidemiologic SARS case criteria. Of these, 72 (18%) were probable cases with radiographic evidence of pneumonia. Eight (2%) were laboratory-confirmed SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infections, 206 (52%) were SARS-CoV negative, and 184 (46%) had undetermined SARS-CoV status because of …