Digital Commons Network^™

Opportunities For Pharmacogenetic Testing To Guide Dosing Of Medications In Youths With Medicaid., Sonya Tang Girdwood, Matthew Hall, James W. Antoon, Kathryn Kyler, Derek J. Williams, Samir S. Shah, Lucas E. Orth, Jennifer Goldman, James A. Feinstein, Laura B. Ramsey

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

IMPORTANCE: There are an increasing number of medications with a high level of evidence for pharmacogenetic-guided dosing (PGx drugs). Knowledge of the prevalence of dispensings of PGx drugs and their associated genes may allow hospitals and clinical laboratories to determine which pharmacogenetic tests to implement.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence of outpatient dispensings of PGx drugs among Medicaid-insured youths, determine genes most frequently associated with PGx drug dispenses, and describe characteristics of youths who were dispensed at least 1 PGx drug.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This serial cross-sectional study includes data from 2011 to 2019 among youths aged 0 to …

Firearm-Related Traumatic Brain Injuries In Adults: A Scoping Review, Gabriel Reyes, Ron Gadot, Lara Ouellette, Shervin H Nouri, Shankar P Gopinath, Akash J Patel

Library Staff Publications

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Firearm-related traumatic brain injury (TBI) has emerged as a significant public health issue in the United States, coinciding with a rapid increase in gun-related deaths. This scoping review aims to update our understanding of firearm-related TBI in adult populations.

METHODS: A comprehensive search of 6 online databases yielded 22 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The reviewed studies predominantly focused on young adult men who were victims of assault, although other vulnerable populations were also affected.

RESULTS: Key factors in evaluating patients with firearm-related TBI included low Glasgow Coma Scale scores, central nervous system involvement, hypotension, and …

Racial/Ethnic Disparities In The Association Between Patient Care Experiences And Receipt Of Initial Surgical Breast Cancer Care: Findings From Seer-Cahps, Mariana Arevalo, Trevor A Pickering, Sally W Vernon, Kayo Fujimoto, Melissa F Peskin, Albert J Farias

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: We determined whether racial/ethnic differences in patient experiences with care influence timeliness and type of initial surgical breast cancer treatment for a sample of female Medicare cancer patients.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the linked Epidemiology and End Results-Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (SEER-CAHPS) dataset. The outcomes were: (1) time-to-initial surgical treatment, and (2) type of treatment [breast conserving surgery (BCS) vs. mastectomy]. The indicators were reports of four types of patient experiences with care including doctor communication, getting care quickly, getting needed care, and getting needed Rx. Interaction terms in each multivariable logistic …

Safety And Academic Outcomes Of College Campus-Based Advocacy Services, Rachel J Voth Schrag, Elizabeth Baumler, Dixie Hairston, Cynthia Jones, Leila Wood

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Intimate partner violence (IPV), sexual assault, and stalking are consequential public health and safety issues with wide reaching impacts on emerging adults, including those on college campuses in the United States. In response to high rates of violence among college student populations, universities are developing campus-based advocacy (CBA) programs, which aim to support survivors of interpersonal violence through supportive connections, resource acquisition, and safety planning. However, little data exists related to their impact on key student-survivor outcomes. Thus, this study aims to understand (a) the approach CBA programs use to address safety and academic concerns of student-survivors, and (b) the …

Safety And Academic Outcomes Of College Campus-Based Advocacy Services, Rachel J Voth Schrag, Elizabeth Baumler, Dixie Hairston, Cynthia Jones, Leila Wood

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Intimate partner violence (IPV), sexual assault, and stalking are consequential public health and safety issues with wide reaching impacts on emerging adults, including those on college campuses in the United States. In response to high rates of violence among college student populations, universities are developing campus-based advocacy (CBA) programs, which aim to support survivors of interpersonal violence through supportive connections, resource acquisition, and safety planning. However, little data exists related to their impact on key student-survivor outcomes. Thus, this study aims to understand (a) the approach CBA programs use to address safety and academic concerns of student-survivors, and (b) the …

Delays Starting Postoperative Radiotherapy Among Head And Neck Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Kelsey A Duckett, Mohamed Faisal Kassir, Shaun A Nguyen, Emily A Brennan, Bhishamjit S Chera, Katherine R Sterba, Chanita Hughes Halbert, Elizabeth G Hill, Jessica Mccay, Sidharth V Puram, Vlad C Sandulache, Russel Kahmke, Salma Ramadan, Brian Nussenbaum, Anthony J Alberg, Evan M Graboyes

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Initiating postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) within 6 weeks (42 days) of surgery is the first and only Commission on Cancer (CoC) approved quality metric for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). No study has systematically reviewed nor synthesized the literature to establish national benchmarks for delays in starting PORT.

DATA SOURCES: Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, we performed a systematic review of PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL.

REVIEW METHODS: Studies that described time-to-PORT or PORT delays in patients with HNSCC treated in the United States after 2003 were included. Meta-analysis of proportions and continuous measures …

Determinants Of Referral Network Size For Screening Colonoscopies In The Veterans Health Administration After The Implementation Of The Mission Act, Chase S Eck, Vivian Ho, Cheng Jiang, Laura A Petersen

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Objective: To measure key characteristics of the Veterans Health Administration's (VHA) Community Care (CC) referral network for screening colonoscopy and identify market and institutional factors associated with network size.

Data sources: VHA electronic health records, CC claim data, and National Plan and Provider Enumeration System.

Study design: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we measure the size of the VHA's CC referral networks over time and by VHA parent facility (n = 137). We used a multivariable linear regression to identify factors associated with network size at the market-year level. Network size was measured as the number of physicians who performed …

Personalized Roadmaps For Returning Results From Digital Phenotyping, Kristin Marie Kostick-Quenet, John Herrington, Eric A Storch

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

How Fears Of Ai In The Classroom Reflect Anxieties About Choosing Sophistry Over True Knowledge In The American Education System, David Arellano Smith

Critical Humanities

The rise of ChatGPT has educators across the United States of America worried about scholastic integrity like never before. This paper argues, however, that underneath this initial concern lies an even greater one, that the education system in the United States so closely resembles the style of teaching used by the sophists in Ancient Greece that it has ultimately failed to cultivate critical thinking skills in America’s youth, so much so that ChatGPT has become a far greater issue than it ever needed to be. The practice of ‘teaching to the test’ and the commodification of education, which is akin …

Effect Of Acupuncture Vs Sham Acupuncture On Patients With Poststroke Motor Aphasia: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Boxuan Li, Shizhe Deng, Bifang Zhuo, Bomo Sang, Junjie Chen, Menglong Zhang, Guang Tian, Lili Zhang, Yuzheng Du, Peng Zheng, Gonglei Yue, Zhihong Meng

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Motor aphasia is common among patients with stroke. Acupuncture is recommended as an alternative therapy for poststroke aphasia, but its efficacy remains uncertain.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of acupuncture on language function, neurological function, and quality of life in patients with poststroke motor aphasia.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This multicenter, sham-controlled, randomized clinical trial was conducted in 3 tertiary hospitals in China from October 21, 2019, to November 13, 2021. Adult patients with poststroke motor aphasia were enrolled. Data analysis was performed from February to April 2023.

INTERVENTIONS: Eligible participants were randomly allocated (1:1) to manual acupuncture (MA) …

Pediatric Medical Subspecialist Use In Outpatient Settings, Christopher B Forrest, Candice P Chen, Eliana M Perrin, Christopher J Stille, Ruth Cooper, Katherine Harris, Qian Luo, Mitchell G Maltenfort, Lauren E Parlett

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance

A first step toward understanding whether pediatric medical subspecialists are meeting the needs of the nation’s children is describing rates of use and trends over time.

Objectives

To quantify rates of outpatient pediatric medical subspecialty use.

Design, Setting, and Participants

This repeated cross-sectional study of annual subspecialist use examined 3 complementary data sources: electronic health records from PEDSnet (8 large academic medical centers [January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2021]); administrative data from the Healthcare Integrated Research Database (HIRD) (14 commercial health plans [January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2021]); and administrative data from the Transformed Medicaid Statistical Information …

High Suicide Rates Among Young Adults In The United States, Glory Thomas

Ballard Brief

The United States has a much higher suicide rate than other developed countries with an average of 14.5 deaths by suicide per 100,000 people per year. By contrast, the majority of countries across Europe, South America, and Asia report substantially lower rates, typically falling below 10 deaths per 100,000 people each year. Suicide is the second leading cause of death for young adults in the United States. Suicide is a public health crisis and is caused by multiple factors like untreated mental illness, individual attitudes towards suicide, and socio-economic status. Suicide leads to the negative consequence of suicide copycats, or …

The Overconsumption Of Ultra-Processed Foods In The United States, Emily Grover

Ballard Brief

The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) in America is at an all-time high, with over 50% of daily calories eaten being sourced from UPFs. The increase of consumption of UPFs is due to the growing population, urbanization, and industrialization. UPFs lead to declines in the physical health and mental health of the US population, as those who consume higher amounts of UPFs are more likely to be depressed, overweight, and have a higher all-cause mortality risk. The production of ultra-processed foods also disrupts the health of the climate due to unsustainable farming and livestock practices. The best practices for alleviating …

Exploration Of Associations Between Asthma And Depression In Older American Adults: A Pooled Cross-Sectional Analysis Of Medicare Recipients, Brian Ring

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

Background

While unclear in older populations within the US, individuals with asthma are disproportionally affected by depression relative to those without asthma. This work explores the associations between asthma, depression, sociodemographic, and disease-related factors in a US population ≥ 65 years of age.

Methods

A pooled cross-sectional analysis of Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey (MCBS) data was utilized to determine the association between asthma and depression from 2018 to 2020. Depression was defined as a score of ≥ 10 from the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Disease-related variables were recorded if the subject met Medicare claims criteria for the calendar year. Multivariable …

Exploring The Motivators Of Medical Tourism By Americans, Sebastian Uribe

Honors Program Theses

The purpose of this study was to look at the factors that influence Americans' decisions to engage in medical tourism (going overseas for medical treatment). The research aimed to empirically analyze the key criteria motivating Americans to participate in medical tourism. This involved a comprehensive examination of factors such as cost considerations, waiting times, the availability of procedures, and possible destinations. The study utilized both primary and secondary data. The primary data was collected by the means of a Qualtrics survey, in which a representative US respondent´s sample was used to test the various underlying hypotheses. A mixed-methods approach was …

The Impact Of Gun Violence: A Study On Mass Killings In The United States, Abigail Wright, Oma Persaud, Tindrew Chen

High Impact Practices Student Showcase Fall 2024

This study examines the impacts of gun violence in the United States from 2006 to October 2024, focusing on factors influencing the casualties in mass shooting incidents. Utilizing the predictors: number of offenders, region, location, incident type, and gun type we employed a Negative Binomial Regression Model due to its suitability for handling high variance and over-dispersion in the response variable. The dataset "Mass Killings in America" reports 1,018 casualties from over 100 incidents in the past four years alone. This research sheds light on correlations between the predictors and response, providing valuable insights to enhance community vigilance and prevention …

Guide To The Chicago Press Veterans Association Records, Columbia College Chicago

Collection Guides / Finding Aids

The Chicago Press Veterans Association (CPVA) was founded in 1939 as an organization dedicated to uniting journalists with a shared history of covering news in Chicago and beyond. It provided a space for both men and women in the newspaper industry to foster camaraderie through their collective professional experiences. The collection is rich in documentation of the association’s history, including materials related to its annual dinners, correspondence between members, membership lists, event programs, newspaper clippings, photographs, and business and financial records. The collection also includes artifacts like artwork, printing plates, and other memorabilia, which speak to the organization’s efforts to …

Iran-Israel Conflict: A New Stage Emerges, Arman Mahmoudian

GNSI Publications

After Iran's strike against Israel on April 13th, the intensifying rivalry between Iran and Israel has escalated into a new stage of direct confrontation, marked by significant military engagements with profound implications for regional stability and global security. This paper explores the shift from proxy conflicts to direct actions, including Iran's missile and drone assaults and Israel's retaliatory strikes. It examines the redefined engagement rules, the ensuing arms race, and the transformation of international relations, particularly involving major powers like Russia and China. Additionally, it highlights the potential impacts on the United States, including risks to troops and the likelihood …

“We’Ll Offer Asylum Just So Long As…” The Discrimination Of Poc And Lgbtq+ Refugees In Ongoing Refugee Crises, Faith N. Schaefer

Undergraduate Honors Theses

An ongoing refugee crisis is apparent in global politics and foreign relations. Still, the way receiving countries regard certain communities in this critical period has brought to light the inhumane discrimination solely based on one’s skin color and/or sexual identity. Despite the “open arms” policy that most nations tend to project, there is an unwritten protocol along borders that some states have chosen a “pick and choose” approach when it comes to People of Color (POC) and Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer, and other gender non-conforming (LGBTQ+) individuals who are fleeing their country of origin. Any such prejudice and inequity …

2023 Annual Report Federal Financiang Bank, Federal Financing Bank

Documents

No abstract provided.

Exploring The Factors That Influence Female Offending In The U.S. And Mexico, Dana Villasenor

CMC Senior Theses

Hollywood has painted a picture of the criminal woman as a sexy, sneaky, and often psychotic female fatale. This is because men run Hollywood. Much like movies, research on why women offend had historically focused on men as their stellar. However, towards the turn of the century and with the disproportionate rise in female incarceration, literature caught up to the fact that women and men do not experience the same socialization, standards, or reality and, therefore, have different reasons for and ways of offending. This research explores those reasons for women in the U.S. and Mexico and paints the picture …

The Processes, Events And Characteristics Associated With The Leadership Emergence Of New Believers In The Contemporary Movement Of The Seventh-Day Adventist Church In The United States, Cleveland Hobdy Iii

Dissertations

Problem

The Seventh-day Adventist Church is confronting an unsettling reality in the 21st century. A considerable body of literature has highlighted an escalating attrition rate, with the 'Ministry journal reporting in April 2019 that almost 50% of new converts eventually abandon their commitment (Thomas, 2019). Other data collected by the World Church through its Office of Research include statistics and archive information that confirm the losses (Knott, 2016; Trimm, 2023). After all the baptisms, membership transfers, professions of faith, and accessions, the worldwide Seventh-day Adventist Church is netting one new member per church per year. Since 1965, roughly 4 out …

Breastfeeding Perceptions And Decisions Among Hispanic Participants In The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program For Women, Infants, And Children: A Qualitative Study, Emily Fisher, Priyanka Patel, Kathryn G. Wouk, Bidusha Neupane, Futun Alkhalifah, Marilyn M. Bartholmae, Chuanyi Tang, Qi Zhang

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) is a nutrition assistance program in the U.S. WIC served 2.5 million eligible Hispanic women, infants, and children under the age of five in 2021, which is WIC's largest racial/ethnic group. However, limited research has been conducted to understand Hispanic WIC participants' perceptions of WIC breastfeeding recommendations and their breastfeeding decisions. For this qualitative study, we interviewed 18 of these pregnant and postpartum WIC participants on their experiences and decision-making processes related to breastfeeding. Hispanic cultures and home country norms were identified as prominent influences on breastfeeding decisions, along …

Implementing A Holistic Review Toolkit For Faculty Recruitment And Retention, Toi Blakley Harris, Michelle Shader, Patrick O. Smith, Amelia Challender, Cleveland Piggott, Norma I. Poll, Ryan Henyard, Jeffrey M. Lyness, Erika D. Malmberg, Eva K. Pressman, Alicia D. Monroe, Negar N. Jacobs

University Administration Publications

Introduction: A diverse workforce improves health care, educational outcomes, and research agendas. Currently, faculty from historically excluded groups remain underrepresented in academic medicine. Resources are needed in academic medical centers for those charged with recruiting and retaining a diverse and talented workforce. Methods: Informed by the successful use of holistic review in medical student admissions, the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) developed and piloted a toolkit for use in faculty recruitment and retention at five academic medical centers. Institutions led toolkit-guided holistic review workshops ranging from 2.5 to 3 hours in duration for leaders and faculty to identify and …

China-Venezuela Relations In The 21st Century And A Proposed U.S. Policy Response, Noah Jackson

Pepperdine Policy Review

In light of the Biden Administration’s 2023 decision to lift sanctions on Venezuela, and Venezuela’s failure to comply with the US conditions for relief, this paper analyzes China-Venezuela relations and how US policy toward Venezuela affects both Venezuela and China. Venezuela has been China’s strongest ally in the Americas since 2000. This alliance led to Chinese loans of over $40 billion, a majority of China’s investment in the continent. When Venezuela’s economy collapsed, China was left with the decision to cut ties, but chose to defend its Latin partner as the west criticized the Maduro regime. Recently, Venezuela has failed …

Policy Implications And Recommendations Concerning The United States’ Non-Ratification Of International Human Rights Treaties, Kenzie R. Winton

Pepperdine Policy Review

This paper delves into the historical background, policy implications, and recommendations concerning the United States' non-ratification of crucial international human rights treaties. The UN treaties analyzed include the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR), the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), and the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC). Despite being a global hegemon, the United States' refusal to ratify these treaties raises questions about its commitment to human rights and international cooperation. Through examining historical and current rationales, alongside the potential impacts of ratification, this paper argues …

H.R. 133: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2021, United States: Congress: House Of Representatives

Documents

No abstract provided.

Annual Report 2023, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (Fdic)

Documents

No abstract provided.

Pledging Collateral, Federal Reserve

Documents

No abstract provided.

Bend Down Select: Analysis Of Secondhand Clothing Waste In Africa Under The Current Anti-Dumping Regime, Bisi Ogunmefun

Natural Resources Journal

The second-hand clothing market is a multi-billion-dollar industry that has helped many developing countries stimulate their economy. Over the years, however, the quality of secondhand clothing has declined as the fast-fashion market rises. Countries such as India and the Philippines have banned secondhand clothing imports to protect their textile industries from demise. African countries like Kenya, Rwanda, and Uganda also attempted to ban secondhand clothing imports but were sanctioned with a threat of removal from the African Growth Opportunity Act. This article explores how Anti-Dumping Laws fail to fulfill their ordinary meaning in the secondhand fashion market in African countries …