Digital Commons Network^™

Until The Cops Come Knocking, Mauricio E. Novoa

SURGE

“Fuck the police coming straight from the underground/ A young nigga got it bad ‘cause I’m brown/ And not the other color so police think/ They have the authority to kill a minority” – Ice Cube, “Fuck Tha Police”

At some point in our lives, we have all walked down a street for some minute errand, and a few of those times we may have crossed paths with men in uniform patrolling the streets. Some who cross them may not think anything of it, but for others, they feel their eyes follow every step they take and distaste is exchanged …

Through The Looking Glass: An Autoethnographic View Of The Perceptions Of Race And Institutional Support In The Tenure Process, Stephanie J. Jones, Colette M. Taylor, Fanni Coward

The Qualitative Report

This autoethnography study reflects on the experiences of three assistant professors of different races of the tenure process at a large public research university. The study was framed by social cognitive career theory (SCCT), which is often used to describe career interest and career choice in a variety of professional domains, considering cognitive - personal, environmental, and experiential factors (Lent, 2005; Tang, Pan, & Newmeyer, 2008). Despite the commonality of the journey through the tenure process, everyone’s path looks different. Isolation, collegial relationships, and for some, unusually high service commitments and family responsibilities, whether because of gender or race, have …

Fearless: Mauricio Novoa, Mauricio E. Novoa

SURGE

This week, we acknowledge Mauricio Novoa ‘14 as a fearless advocate of social justice through his use of the power of words.

Mauricio, an English major with a writing concentration, keeps a personal blog called Greasy Frijoles where he has been posting original poems since January 2012. Aside from being a very talented writer, Mauricio writes in various styles and on a number of topics. Many of his pieces confront racism and classism head on. [excerpt]

Should I Stay Or Should I Go?: Race, Education And Statusattainment Before The Nba, Christian Evers Yost

Theses and Dissertations

Extracurricular activities have long been recognized as a socializing agent fostering subsequent life achievements and success orientations in the status attainment process. In particular, minorities and disadvantaged high school students who may not succeed in traditional academic classes benefit greatly from extracurricular activities, especially sports. In the case of basketball, young Black males are more likely to both participate in basketball as an extracurricular activity and pursue a career as a professional basketball player than their White peers, even to the detriment of their formal education. This thesis uses the Wisconsin Status-Attainment model as a framework for examining the extent …

How Does High Impact Practice Predict Student Engagement? A Comparison Of White And Minority Students, Jeffrey Sweat, Glenda Jones, Suejung Han, Susan M. Wolfgram

International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching & Learning

This High Impact Practices (HIPS) contribute to higherretention and graduation rates. HIPS are effective for racial and ethnic minorities in particular, who disproportionately experience high and persistent levels of post-secondary attrition. Little is known aboutthe mechanism by which HIPS promote retention. Based on a random survey of 268 undergraduate students, we conclude that HIPS correlate with engagement, defined as the alignment of student and institution (identifiedin the present study by behavioral and cognitive measures) and posit that this is the likely mechanism by which HIPS affect retention. Moreover, exposure to HIPS and the relationship between HIPS and engagement varies based …

Tanning (Anglo-Australian) Whiteness, Elaine Laforteza

Reconstruction: Studies in Contemporary Culture

This paper is a response to comments on my paper “The Whitening of Brown Skins and the Darkening of Whiteness” published in Reconstruction Vol. 7, No. 1, 2007, wherein I discuss skin-whitening practices within the Filipino diaspora. Many of these comments remarked that the practice of tanning one’s skin a darker colour was diametrically opposed to the practice of whitening one’s skin with cosmetic lotions and soaps. This paper challenges the idea that tanning runs counter to hegemonic ideals about whiteness. In fact, it does the opposite to mark how whiteness shapes how tanning is embodied. Consequently, the paper demonstrates …

At The Full And Change Of The Moon: The Passing Down Of Cultural Memory In The Black Diaspora, Anh Hua

Reconstruction: Studies in Contemporary Culture

[First paragraph]

Referring to the Holocaust, James Young argues that historians mistakenly make a forced distinction between memory and history, where history is defined as that which happened and memory as that which is remembered of what happened. This leaves no room for the survivor’s voice and the survivor’s memory of the events, whose value is lost to the historians. James Young is interested in bridging the gap between a survivor’s “deep memory” and historical narrative, how to remember the past as it passes from living memory to history (276-277). Historical inquiry, for Young, is understood as “the combined study …

Rugby: A Mechanism For Global Diversification Through Player Migration And The Displacement Of Resources, Heather Williams, Dr. Mikaela Dufur

Journal of Undergraduate Research

The purpose of our research was to discover the ethnic and racial patterns of migration in the professional levels of rugby.

Invisible Ink: Intersectionality And Political Inquiry, Dara Z. Strolovich

Indiana Journal of Law and Social Equality

No abstract provided.

Racial Capitalism, Nancy Leong

Sturm College of Law: Faculty Scholarship

Racial capitalism — the process of deriving social and economic value from racial identity — is a longstanding, common, and deeply problematic practice. This Article is the first to identify racial capitalism as a systemic phenomenon and to undertake a close examination of its causes and consequences.

The Article focuses on instances of racial capitalism in which white individuals and predominantly white institutions use nonwhite people to acquire social and economic value. Affirmative action doctrine and policies provide much of the impetus for this form of racial capitalism. These doctrines and policies have fueled an intense legal and social preoccupation …

What Types Of Social Integration Matter? Race And Adolescent Suicide Ideation, Tijuana Lashae Jefferson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Adolescent suicide is a major health problem in the U.S. Despite increasing research on this topic, current literature has failed to examine fully the intersection of race and suicide ideation. Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, this study examines how various forms of social integration serve to protect black and white adolescents from suicide. Overall, I find that there are important differences and similarities between black and white youth in terms of how social integration works as a protective factor. Family caring protects white youth and black boys from having thoughts of suicide. One major difference between black …

The Race For Honors, Hannah M. Frantz

SURGE

Over graduation weekend, it was pretty common to see people weighed down by massive numbers of honor cords hanging around their necks. This is a mark of respect at Gettysburg College, so students wear them proudly. I had the privilege to attend Spring Honors Day and watch many of my friends receive achievement awards. As we started winding down to the end of the ceremony, something hit me:

The recipients were overwhelmingly white. [excerpt]

Beyond "Code-Switching:" The Racial Capital Of Black/White Biracial Americans, Chandra D L Waring

Doctoral Dissertations

Social science has examined the experiences of the burgeoning bi/multiracial population within the scope of three core areas: racial identity (Funderburg 1994; Kilson 2001; Rockquemore and Brunsma 2008; Renn 2004; Root 1996), social psychological well-being (Bracey et al. 2004; Campbell and Eggerling-Boek 2006; Cheng and Lively 2010; Binning et al. 2009) and family racial socialization (DaCosta 2007; Dalmage 2000; Samuels 2009; Socha and Diggs 1999; Twine 2010). In my dissertation, I shift the theoretical focus from identity and well-being to the conceptual development of how race—embedded with assumptions, understandings and histories—shapes bi/multiracial Americans’ everyday social interactions with white and black …

Chinese Whiteness: The Discourse Of Race In Modern And Contemporary Chinese Culture, Kirstin Clouser

Honors Theses

This thesis chronicles the development of western forms of race and racism in China. It then studies contemporary China using theories derived from whiteness studies in order to explain the unique position that whites (Caucasians) have in China today. In Chapter I, I break down the definition of race and introduce a foundation for a whiteness studies approach to research. In Chapter II, I analyze how Chinese classified themselves and other humans prior to the western system of race. In Chapter III, I chronicle the introduction of western forms of race and racism to China, and the appropriation of these …

Race, Attire, And Perception Of Sexual Harassment Victim Culpability, Eliza A. Murray

Undergraduate Psychology Research Methods Journal

The purpose of the present study was to determine if there were significant differences in how college students perceive culpability for sexual harassment victims as a result of varying victim race (e.g. African-American and Caucasian) and attire (e.g. revealing attire and non-revealing attire), a perceived indicator of promiscuity. The hypothesis was that participants would perceive the African-American sexual harassment victim wearing revealing attire as more culpable than the African-American victim wearing non-revealing attire, the Caucasian victim wearing revealing attire, and the Caucasian victim wearing non-revealing attire The present study was a 2 (Race) x 2 (Attire) within-participants design that included …

Racial/Ethnic Differences In Fatality Rates From Motor Vehicle Crashes: An Analysis From A Behavioral And Cultural Perspective, Huda Hamdan

Theses and Dissertations

Ethnic/racial minorities in the United States are overrepresented in fatalities from motor vehicle crashes (MVC). Growing evidence indicates that there are differences among racial/ethnic groups in risk of involvement in fatal crashes. Based on previous research, numerous factors may be involved in high racial/ethnic fatality rates from MVCs, including failure to use safety equipment, driving while under the influence of alcohol/drug, red light running, and speeding. Using data from the Office of the Chief Medical Examiner (OCME) and the FR300P Police Crash Report, this project explores differences in variables associated with traffic safety behavior and traffic law obedience between non-White …

"In Family Way": Guarding Indigenous Women’S Children In Washington Territory, Katrina Jagodinsky

Department of History: Faculty Publications

The cases discussed here represent very few of the guardianship arrangements that characterized intergenerational and interracial households in territorial Washington, yet the patterns they illustrate correspond with other evidence that allows historians to track the distribution of Indian and mixed- race children in the Puget Sound region. Th e 1880 federal census schedules for counties bordering the Puget Sound reveals the informal guardianship of Native women’s children in ninetytwo households. Among these extralegal arrangements were forty- two households headed by white men, some single like Ed Boggess and others married to white women like Phoebe Judson, who classified the indigenous …

Early Family Ties And Marital Stability Over 16 Years: The Context Of Race And Gender, Terri L. Orbuch, José A. Bauermeister, Edna Brown, Brandyn Dior Mckinley

School for Social Work: Faculty Publications

Spouses' emotional ties to family early in marriage are linked to marital outcomes, but little is known about how these ties affect marital stability and whether these effects vary by race and gender. The present study examines the links between emotional ties to family of origin and in-laws in the first year of marriage and marital stability over the first 16years of marriage. Data were collected as part of a longitudinal study following Black American (n=199) and White American (n=174) married couples. Analyses revealed that perceptions of closeness to in-laws early in marriage were associated with odds of divorce over …

From A Northern Home To A Southern School: Cultural Imperialists Or Just Stubborn Yankees, Janel Janiczek Smith

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this dissertation is to explore the cultural influences on the lives of northern teachers in southern schools. During the 1860s, white, northern, middle-class women traveled to southern homes to begin and maintain schools for the recently freed slaves. Each woman carried with her an independent set of cultural systems that predetermined her perspective for educating the African American students. Furthermore, the northern relief agencies, Freedmen's Bureau agents, southern white citizens, and southern freedmen all had their own opinions for the education of the students. Although much time has elapsed between the 1860s and 2013, the same topics …

Feeble To Effeminacy: Race And Gender In The British Imperial Consciousness 1837-1901, Brett Linsley

Grand Valley Journal of History

Scholars of British imperialism have given ample attention to European concepts of race and gender during the Victorian era. Much of the literature has vaguely suggested a symbiotic relationship between the concepts, but failed to assert any definitive theories. The following attempts to fill this gap by putting forward a critical interpretation of the roles that race and gender played in the imperial consciousness during this epoch. The paper demonstrates that the perceptions of race that were rampant on the imperial periphery were the unique synthesis of evolving gender identities in the Victorian metropole.

Contact, Identity, And Prejudice: Comparing Attitudes Toward Arab Americans Pre-And Post-9/11-2001, Meghan Kimberly Wight

Theses and Dissertations

Using social contact and social identity theories, I seek to show how attitudes of mainstream American society toward individuals of Middle-Eastern descent (Arabs) have changed eight years after September 11, 2001 when compared to similar data from shortly after the terrorist attacks. I use data gathered from nationally representative opinion polls and the theoretical constructs of social contact theory and social identity theory to understand how attitudes have changed in the eight-year period. I first provide a firm grounding in the social contact and social identity literature, analyze the race/attitudinal data, and finally show how both social identity and social …

Youth Debt And College Graduation: Differences By Race/Ethnicity, Min Zhan

Center for Social Development Research

This study examines the relationship between youth debt (from education loans and credit cards) and college graduation, considering the ways in which the relationship differs by race/ethnicity. Results show little evidence that student loans and credit card debt reduce the gaps between White and minority students in the likelihood of college graduation. Findings also indicate that the likelihood of graduating from college is higher among White and Black students with education loans of $10,000 or more than among those without education loans. However, among minority students (Black and Hispanic students), those with education loans of $10,000 or more are less …

Is Smart Growth Fair Growth: Do Urban Growth Boundaries Keep Out Racial Minorities?, Elizabeth P. Ruddiman

The Journal of Public and Professional Sociology

Objective: I investigate whether urban growth boundaries (UGBs) contribute to the exclusion of racial minorities and/or have an effect on levels of racial residential segregation. Methods: I study 43 pairs of places throughout the U.S. (each pair is comprised of a place with a UGB and a place without a UGB but is otherwise similar to its partner). I use Census data and a residential segregation index from 1990 and 2000 for blacks, Hispanics, and whites. I compare changes in the number of in-migrating blacks and Hispanics to these pairs of cities as well as the amount of …

Changes In The White-Black House Value Distribution Gap From 1997 To 2005, Eric Fesselmeyer, Kien T. Le, Kiat Ying Seah

Research Collection College of Integrative Studies

This paper examines the white-black house value gap across the entire value distribution. Instead of using standard conditional mean analysis and decomposition methods (via OLS regression), we estimate and decompose the changes in the white-black house value gap from 1997 to 2005 using quantile regression. We find that the racial gap in 1997 and 2005 is mostly explained by differences in housing characteristics of white- and black-owned houses but that the variation in the racial gap is explained by racial differences in implicit prices of housing characteristics. Our results show that analysis at the conditional mean masks variations at the …

Has The Roberts Court Plurality's Colorblind Rhetoric Finally Broken Brown's Promise?, Phoebe A. Haddon

Faculty Scholarship

This Essay examines the continuing significance of the Keyes decision to the judicial vision of equality and racial isolation in public education. By comparing efforts to promote educational equality from the Keyes era through today, this Essay asserts that the judiciary has wrongly embraced a colorblind interpretation of the Equal Protection Clause. In so doing, courts have impeded the progress of children in Denver and around the country, ignored highly instructive social science studies on the benefits of desegregation, and broken the constitutional promise of equal citizenship. For future policy makers and lawyers to address these persistent problems, legal educators …

Same Crime, Same Time? Gender, Race And Jail Sentencing, Mar Echevarria

Theses & ETDs

Currently in the United States, African-American women are incarcerated at a rate 3 times as high as White women. After the establishment of the War on Drugs in the 1980s, incarceration rates tripled, with a particular increase in Black inmates. For my study I investigated whether or not there were racial discrepancies in sentencing amongst women. I gathered data about females that were incarcerated in 2011 from a jail in Florida. I conducted one-way and two-way analysis of variances to determine whether or not race was a significant factor in determining sentencing length across crime type and drug type. I …

[Review Of] Mentoring Faculty Of Color: Essays On Professional Development And Advancement In Colleges And Universities, By Dwayne Mack, Elwood D. Watson, And Michelle Madsen Camacho, Eds., Marie Sarita Gaytán

Ethnic Studies Review

Looking back at my graduate school years, the most vital mentorship I received came in the form of sometimes brutal, but often measured honesty from a small set of trusted advisors and advanced graduate students. Their guidance was critical to my journey because they talked openly about the obstacles they faced in navigating work/life balance, spoke candidly about dealing with unsupportive colleagues, and relayed freely the challenges they encountered in their attempts to gain legitimacy as academics or scholars-in-training. In short, much like the earnest insight shared by the authors of Mentoring Faculty of Color: Essays on Professional Development and …

Like Father, Like Son? Reflections On Black Cultural Capital And Generational Conceptions Of Work, Quaylan Allen, Travis D. Boyce

Education Faculty Articles and Research

This article extends our understanding of Black middle-class social mobility by examining successful cases of social reproduction. Specifically, using autoethnographic methods, two Black junior faculty reflect upon their fathers’ uses of cultural capital and the generational differences in conceptions of appropriate work. For the first generation middle-class Black fathers, material realities and the technocratic nature of their work influenced their interpretations of appropriate employment. In contrast, the second-generation’s access to particular cultural and economic capital influenced the sons’ conceptions of work, demonstrating generational differences in Black middle-class occupational ideology. Responding to deficit views on Black mobility, this article highlights the …

[Review Of] How To Slowly Kill Yourself And Others In America: Essays By Kiese Laymon, Leslie K. Dunlap

Ethnic Studies Review

Social scientists will most likely categorize writer Kiese Laymon's collection of essays as a literary intervention into masculinity studies in our current era: marked by the (seeming) paradox of black presidency and celebrity on the one hand, and the entrenchment of police power over black boys and men on the other. Scholars of history and literature might situate Laymon in political and literary traditions stretching from tum-of-the-twentieth century "race men" to the work of feminists of color in our time, noting his acknowledgements to Ralph Ellison, James Baldwin, Octavia Butler and Toni Morrison (12).1 With its Mississippi setting and sensibility, …

[Review Of] Angry White Men: American Masculinity At The End Of An Era By Michael Kimmel, Jonathan Grove

Ethnic Studies Review

A well-established sociologist of masculinities, Michael Kimmel, in his work, Angry White Men: American Masculinity at the End of an Era, offers a highly accessible journey through the oxymoron that white men are oppressed by disenfranchised women and minorities. Moreover, Angry White Men argues that their pain and rage is legitimate, though the direction of their anger is not "true." While attacking those with less social capital offers an easier target than the neoliberal policies of the powerful, this process denies the solidarity which could threaten the status quo. Instead, their pain becomes self-fulfilling as these men perpetuate the very …