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Models Of Group Productivity And Affiliation-Related Motives, Rodney Douglas Hancock

Digitized Theses

Using Steiner's (1971) model of group performance, an experiment was performed to investigate the relationship among affiliation-related motives, task demands, group size and group productivity. It was suggested that affiliation-related motives may mediate the effects of group size and task demands on group productivity. That is, when task demands were disjunctive it was hypothesized that approval-oriented as compared to rejection-threatened persons would increase their productivity as group size increased. Under conjunctive task demands it was predicted that increased group size would lead to decreased productivity for rejection-threatened as compared to approval-oriented members.;Affiliation-related motives were measured using Short's (1980) measure of …

A Temporal View Of The Turnover Process: Application Of A Repeated Measures Design To Two Models Of Nurse Turnover., Albert Willard Holland Jr

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The principal objective of the present research was to examine Mobley's (1982) contention that a dynamic experimental design is necessary in order to advance our understanding of the cognitive and behavioral events which precede turnover. The one aspect of Mobley's contention tested here was the extent to which a repeated measures design contributes to the predictive power of existing models of turnover. A second objective was to conduct a competitive test between the Mobley, Horner and Hollingsworth (1978) and the Price and Mueller (1981b) models of nurse turnover. Four non-profit community general hospitals and two government-owned general hospitals provided the …

The Impact Of Sompa Elp Scores On Special Education Evaluation And Placement., Alan Lesley Taylor

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The impact of the use of SOMPA Estimated Learning Potential (ELP) scores as a substitute for traditional IQ scores was examined as it affected students evaluated for special education in a large metropolitan school system. SOMPA is the System of Multicultural Pluralistic Assessment, an evaluation package developed by Jane Mercer (1979) to address concerns about bias in assessment of minority students and particularly to remove "unfair" labels of mental retardation. ELP scores represent IQ scores adjusted for the effects of sociocultural background and compared only to ethnic peer norms, with the general effect being to raise estimates of intellectual potential …

Effects Of Friendship Skills Training In An Inpatient Alcoholic Population., Elaine Janis Salzer

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a friendship skills training program on an inpatient alcoholic population. Male veterans, who were inpatients of the Alcohol Dependency Treatment Program at a Veterans Administration Hospital, served as research subjects. The specific aims of this study were to determine if there were any differences between the experimental and control groups on (1) self-report of friendship attitudes, self perception of friendship skills, positiveness of verbal response choices; (2) observed interpersonal behavior changes (or affects) in-hospital; and (3) self-report of interpersonal contact and drinking behavior following hospital discharge. Forty-five male alcoholic …

The Vroom-Yetton Model Of Decision Making: An Empirical Evaluation In Applied Settings., Elizabeth Shoenfelt Erffmeyer

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

A test of the validity of the Vroom-Yetton model of decision making was conducted using four types of organizational leaders: nurses, university administrators, managers from business and industry, and fraternity and sorority presidents. The present study was designed to avoid some of the methodological deficiencies of previous attempts to validate the model. Specifically, the present research incorporated two important characteristics: the use of naturally occurring decisions that were currently being confronted by the leaders and the use of objective, independent measures of the decision method used and the effectiveness, quality, and acceptance of the decision. The forty-two leaders were each …

Skin Temperature Feedback With Autogenic Training And Home Practice In The Treatment Of Childhood Migraine Headaches: A Controlled Group Outcome Study., Elise Elmire Labbe

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Childhood migraine is a prevalent disorder seen in pediatric practice. Preliminary uncontrolled reports evaluating skin temperature biofeedback with autogenic training have suggested that it may be a useful intervention for childhood migraine. The present study used a controlled group outcome design to further evaluate the effectiveness of skin temperature feedback with autogenic training and home practice. Subjects were 28 children, ages 7 to 16, 14 males and 14 females. After receiving a physician's diagnosis of migraine a second diagnosis of migraine was made by the experimenter. Children were matched by baseline headache intensity, sex and age and then randomly assigned …

Impact Outcome At River Region Personal Growth Program., Mark Christopher Michael

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The River Region Personal Growth Program is a preventive mental health organization. Through education, River Region attempts to assist individuals in crisis, to build competency to avoid future crises, increase personal growth, and to channel persons who are in need into other formal mental health care. This study proposed to investigate the impact River Region has upon its participants compared to waiting list controls. Individuals' utilization of formal mental health services following participation was charted, as well as their absence from work. In addition, the Profile of Mood States and four scales from the Vocational Preference Inventory were administered to …

Semantic Segmentation Of Print Advertisements, Clifford James Cox

Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of the study was to construct a comprehensive model of advertisement perception. The model's relationship to persuasion, recall and recognition measures of advertisement effectiveness was explored. The research demonstrated that print advertisements are perceived primarily across three general semantic dimensions. These dimensions were named Evaluation, Potency and Activity. The relationship between the three dimensions and similar semantic dimensions reported in the Semantic Differential literature is discussed.

In this research, 32 liquor, jewelry and perfume advertisements were studied. The relationship between the advertisements' persuasion, recall and recognition scores, and the advertisements' Evaluation, Potency and Activity scores is assessed. The …

The Effects Of Delay, Signal Placement And Houselight Illumination On Signalled Reversal Learning, Peter Yarensky

Doctoral Dissertations

The control of behavior by prior responses and stimuli was studied using pigeons in a signalled reversal learning procedure. During regular trials, an intertrial interval was followed by illumination of two keys. Initially one key was designated correct. A peck to either key turned off both keys and, if correct, produced food. After a criterion number of consecutive correct responses occurred, a reversal/nonreversal sequence was initiated. Either the reversal or nonreversal signal was presented briefly during the next intertrial interval. Following a reversal signal only, the correct and incorrect keys were reversed. A correct response on the next trial resulted …

Henry A Murray And The Harvard Psychological Clinic, 1926-1938: A Struggle To Expand The Disciplinary Boundaries Of Academic Psychology, Rodney Glenn Triplet

Doctoral Dissertations

The work of Henry A. Murray at the Harvard Psychological Clinic played a major role in shaping the face of modern American academic psychology. Prior to 1930, proponents of pure and applied psychological research debated the inclusion of personality and psychotherapy in the curriculum. Today, it is generally accepted that Murray was instrumental in broadening academic psychology's boundaries to include these topics. This dissertation details how the controversy surrounding Murray's promotion to Associate Professor in 1937 encapsulated the interplay between the intradisciplinary and extradisciplinary forces involved in psychology's efforts to define its intellectual, methodological, and institutional boundaries.

Initially, Murray's work …

A Reconceptualization Of Childcare Based On Comparisons Of Three Childcare Alternatives, Anne Larrimore Oden Law

Doctoral Dissertations

The present study examines three aspects of childcare: the childcare provider, the parent, and the social environment within childcare centers. Providers of family daycare, and directors of group daycare and nursery schools were surveyed regarding the services they provide. Parents whose children attended the surveyed childcare homes and centers were surveyed regarding their experiences with childcare, and the influence of childcare on the child and family. Videotapes were made in five centers, and then analyzed to determine the frequency of certain activities, and the probabilities of various social exchanges in each center.

The data were analyzed to describe each childcare …

The Biological, Psychodynamic, Humanistic, And Social Psychological Perspectives Of Athletic Participation, Katharine R. Johnson

Honors Theses

Why become an athlete? Why all the long hours of continuous dedication? Would male and female athletes answer these questions differently?

The following essay is a review of the potential reasons why individuals strive to become athletes as perceived by the biological, psycho-dynamic, humanistic, and social psychological perspectives. Emphasis is placed on differences between the sexes when the perspective under discussion considers these differences to be relevant.

A Study Of Catharsis (Abreaction, Emotional Discharge), In 4th, 5th, And 6th Grade Students, Drina Miriam Fried-Roberts

University of the Pacific Theses and Dissertations

Problem. Catharsis is becoming more widely talked about as a method to get rid of negative emotions, to gain increased achievement, social maturity, and emotional well being. The emphasis on affective education is one example. There have been few controlled studies testing the catharsis hypothesis directly. No formal research is available that uses (randomly chosen) young people as subjects in studying emotional discharge.

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to see whether elementary school students can accept training in this re-evaluation counseling mental health model. Comparisons of those who hear about the model are made with those who hear …

Salve Regina -- The Newport College To Host Annual Meeting Of Prestigious International Cheiron Society June 23-26, Salve Regina University

Press Release Archive

No abstract provided.

The Relationship Between Life Satisfaction And Job Satisfaction, Andrew L. Kresha

Student Work

This study reviewed the compensatory, spillover, and segmentation models for explaining the relationship between life, or non-job, satisfaction and job satisfaction. A fourth model, the factor spillover model was proposed and tested with the other three using a sample of 130 workers from a variety of white and blue collar jobs. The results suggested that non-job satisfaction, like job satisfaction, is factorally complex. Some non-job satisfaction factors were moderately correlated with job satisfaction while other were not correlated at all, providing support for the factor spillover model. Seven moderating variables, including gender, were tested; none produced differential effects on the …

A Developmental Study Of Changes In Strategy Selection, Gail Horras

Student Work

The present study focused on the relationship between children's knowledge of appropriate task strategies and actual strategy use on two recall memory tasks and two tasks less demanding of memory--coding and alphabetizing. On the recall memory tasks, attention was specifically directed to the modifications of children's strategies as a function of changing task demands. The subjects consisted of 80 seven-, nine-, 11-, and 15-year olds. The children were shown two sets of pictures on cards, representing three categories, which were later to be recalled. The children were free to manipulate the pictures during all the study periods. Task demand changes …

Concept Formation And Development In The Congenitally Blind Child, Kimberly J. Franco

Honors Theses

T.D. Cutsforth once stated that "no single mental activity of the congenitally blind child is not distorted by the absence of sight." Blindness permeates the intellectual functioning of language, thought, comprehension and conceptualization. Ultimately, the child lacking vision will both understand and respond to the world in a manner unlike that of a sighted child. This incongruous interaction breeds frustration since the blind are a minority in a world which concentrates on the characteristics, needs, behaviors, and accomplishments of sighted individuals. Lacking the visual modality, the blind rely on the information about the objective world which they receive from people …

Portsmouth Resident, Senior At Salve Regina College Selected To Read Paper At Annual Conference Of Eastern Psychological Association, Salve Regina University

Press Release Archive

No abstract provided.

B.F. Skinner's Behaviorism: An Analysis, Mark P. Cosgrove

Books by Taylor faculty, staff, and administrators

No abstract provided.

Multitrait-Multimethod Matrix Assessment Of Selected Neuropsychological Instruments, Valerie Kim Sweeney

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

Explorations With Fixed-Role Therapy, Robert P. Markley, Paul F. Zelhart, Thomas T. Jackson

Fort Hays Studies Series

Here then, are the first studies of the effectiveness of fixed role therapy. We hope that making these available, in their original unedited form, to the wider scientific community will fill a gap in the historical record and stimulate further work on this important technique on Kelly's approach to human adaptation.

The Renewal Of Life, Rollo May

Sacred Heart University Review

Rollo May speaks about paradoxes. To confront our anxiety is a way of the renewal of our lives. We must confront our despair if we are to experience renewal in life. Out of the balance between one's freedom and one's nature comes not only health in its dynamic sense but there comes also creativity. May also speaks of the paradox of authentic love arising from the fact that we know that someday we will die. These truths should give us a new approach to our values and meaning to our lives.

This address was delivered in the spring of 1982 …

Sidney M. Jourard And Ted Landsman, Healthy Personality: An Approach From The Viewpoint Of Humanistic Psychology, Thomas Hicks

Sacred Heart University Review

Book review by Thomas Hicks, professor of Psychology and Religious Studies at Sacred Heart University.

Jourard, Sidney M. and Ted Landsman. Healthy Personality: an Approach from the Viewpoint of Humanistic Psychology. 4th ed. New York: Macmillan, 1980.

A Comparative Analysis Of Prompting And Stimulus Shaping Procedures For Teaching Visual-Motor Skills To Retarded Children, Mark David Mosk

Digitized Theses

Behavior modification research has shown that commonly employed prompting procedures may not be the most effective means of facilitating acquisition of visual discrimination skills in retarded children. Researchers have identified stimulus shaping as a successful procedure for teaching such skills. In this procedure, the topographical stimulus configuration of a task is gradually changed over trials. The initial discrimination is made easy, and then gradually becomes more difficult as training progresses. It is presently unclear whether or not a stimulus shaping procedure might be effective in enhancing learning on visual-motor tasks. The purpose of this thesis was to compare the relative …

An Examination Of The Strength And Locus Of Interim Activities During Periods Of Nonreinforcement On Various Simple And Multiple Schedules Of Food Reinforcement, Barbara Elizabeth Mann

Digitized Theses

Three experiments were conducted to investigate Staddon's account of interim activities as induced behaviors which occur at times when a reinforcer is unlikely to be delivered (S('-) times). These experiments examined Staddon's S('-) interpretation of interim behavior by studying drinking and wheel running on various simple and multiple schedules of food reinforcement.;Experiments 1 and 2 were concerned with Staddon's contention that drinking is a representative interim activity which is occasioned by the unavailability of food rather than by the presence of food per se or its ingestion. Contrary to other accounts of schedule-induced polydipsia, this interpretation infers that the link …

The Use Of Visual Recognition Testing In Spelling By Fourth Grade Children, David Wilton Batstone

Digitized Theses

According to Simon and Simon (1973), much of a child's spelling knowledge can only be retrieved from memory storage when written spellings are available as retrieval cues. A child who cannot immediately recall a correct spelling, therefore, may be able to make a decision by writing out trial spellings and 'testing' them for recognition.;Five experiments were conducted to test Simon's model. The results of Experiments 1 and 2, in accordance with the model, showed that fourth-grade children were able to recognize whether or not their own spelling attempts were correct, and to discriminate between correct and incorrect spellings of words …

A Test Of The Cognitive Triad In Beck's Cognitive Theory Of Depression, Donna Elaine Giles

Digitized Theses

Depressed individuals are assumed to distort perceptions of self, world and future systematically and negatively (Beck, 1967; 1974). These distortions are also presumed to be consistent across situations. To date, only single components of the triad have been directly investigated and there have been no comparisons of perceptions between situations. The validity of the cognitive distortion assumption and its generalizability across impersonal and interpersonal tasks were examined in this research.;To test the specificity of the cognitive theory of depression, the negative distortion assumption was studied in groups of depressed female psychiatric inpatients (n = 24), nondepressed female psychiatric inpatients (n …

Item Subtlety, Face Validity And The Structured Assessment Of Psychopathology, Ronald Robert Holden

Digitized Theses

The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of two concepts of disguise in the structured self-report assessment of psychopathology. Using the Basic Personality Inventory with samples of university students, a distinction was made between the concepts of face validity and item subtlety. Face validity was viewed as the contextual relevance of structured test items whereas item subtlety was conceptualized as the lack of an obvious substantive link between test item content and its underlying construct. Under normal test-taking conditions where honest self-report was encouraged, greater face validity and lower levels of subtlety were associated empirically with …

The Diagnostic Use Of Geometric Form-Copying Tests: An Investigation Of Normal Kindergarten And Learning Disabled Children's Error Production, Gerard Klein

Digitized Theses

Geometric form-copying tests are widely used in the diagnosis of children with perceptual difficulties, based on the assumption that incorrect reproductions result from perceptual deficits. The research presented in this thesis, undertaken to investigate children's copying errors, not only seriously questions this assumption but also suggests an alternative explanation for the production of these errors.;Using designs from the Bender Visual-Motor Gestalt Test, Benton Revised Visual Retention Test, and McCarthy Scale of Children's Ability, it was found that both normal kindergarten and learning disabled children did not consistently produce the same categories of error, nor did they incorrectly reproduce designs in …

Forgetting Of Visual Discriminations By Pigeons, Philipp James Kraemer

Digitized Theses

A series of three experiments examined the forgetting of visual discriminations in pigeons. The problems consisted of feature discriminations, with dot displays as the discriminative stimuli, and involved a successive go/no-go pecking-response. It was found in all three experiments that pigeons that had been trained to refrain from pecking an S- display, resumed pecking at these displays after retention intervals. It was argued that these data represent the first unequivocal demonstration of forgetting of discriminations in pigeons.;In addition to the simple demonstration of forgetting, it was found in Experiment 1 that the amount of forgetting progressively increased, in a negatively …