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An Examination Of The Effects Of Increased Response Requirement And Delay On Reinforcer Selection., Teresa Lynne George Jan 1996

An Examination Of The Effects Of Increased Response Requirement And Delay On Reinforcer Selection., Teresa Lynne George

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

This study examined the effect that increased response requirement, or effort, (Study 1) and delay to reinforcement (Study 2) have on reinforcer selection and response allocation. A reinforcer assessment using a token system was conducted within the classroom setting to determine high and low preference stimuli. The independent variable (effort or delay) was systematically manipulated for high preference stimuli. The results for eight participants indicated that increased levels of effort and delay independently influenced reinforcer preference and response allocation. The results revealed highly idiosyncratic responding to the different levels of the independent variables. The findings for increased response requirement are …

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Social Skills In Adults With Severe Disabilities., Linda Ann Leblanc Jan 1996

Social Skills In Adults With Severe Disabilities., Linda Ann Leblanc

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Recently, the concepts of social competence and social skills have become important aspects of the evolving definitions of mental retardation (Siperstein, 1992). However, few studies have focused on social behavior in adults with severe developmental disabilities, despite the proliferation of research in assessment and training of social skills with other populations. This study examined the psychometric properties of the Matson Evaluation of Social Skills for Individuals with Severe Retardation (MESSIER)--a scale designed to measure social skills in adults with severe developmental disabilities. A reliable and valid measure of social skills for this population would be useful in determining target behaviors …

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Joining A Cult: Religious Choice Or Psychological Aberration, Dena S. Davis Jan 1996

Joining A Cult: Religious Choice Or Psychological Aberration, Dena S. Davis

Journal of Law and Health

In this article, I will analyze the different theories about "cult" membership and conversion, specifically focusing upon whether or not conversions to cults ought to be respected by the law in the same way that the law respects conversion to be respected by the law in the same way that the law respects conversion to and membership in, mainstream religions. In section II, I attempt (unsuccessfully) to define a "cult". In section III, I discuss the civil liberties issues surrounding "cults" and the public furor they have engendered. In section IV, I discuss the different and competing theories about why …

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Psychology And Counseling Library Research Guide, Margaret Sylvia Jan 1996

Psychology And Counseling Library Research Guide, Margaret Sylvia

Faculty Publications

This document is a guide for library research in psychology or counseling. The first section discusses how to do research in the library, including choosing a topic, beginning with books, updating the information with journals, checking out books, interlibrary loan, visiting other libraries, and writing the paper. The second section provides sources of general information on psychology. The third section provides an annotated bibliography of additional research resources. The fourth section contains guide to the writing of psychology research papers and the fifth section contains miscellaneous resources such as those on professional training and careers, statistics, dictionaries, and biographical resources.

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Assessment Of Emotionally Disturbed Adolescents Using The Rorschach: An Analysis Of The Ea/Es Relationship, Jordan L. Mulder Jan 1996

Assessment Of Emotionally Disturbed Adolescents Using The Rorschach: An Analysis Of The Ea/Es Relationship, Jordan L. Mulder

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

There is a long history of debate regarding the validity of the Rorschach Inkblot test. Much of the previous research has involved adult subjects within clinical settings. This study investigates the validity of the Rorschach with adolescents classified as being emotionally disturbed according to theEducational definition. School personnel and, particularly, school psychologists have the difficult task of identifying individuals who are emotionally disturbed (ED). It appears that a valid measure of covert processes may be helpful in making these determinations. Due to the vast number of scores and codes generated from the Rorschach using Exner's (1978) Comprehensive Scoring System, this …

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An Investigation Of Personality Variables That Discriminate Between Succeeding And Nonsucceeding Disadvantaged College Students, Cora Deanne Wills Jan 1996

An Investigation Of Personality Variables That Discriminate Between Succeeding And Nonsucceeding Disadvantaged College Students, Cora Deanne Wills

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Although over the past decade increased attention has been given in the literature to the task of identifying reliable predictors of academic success for college students, the majority of the research in this area has examined the use of traditional cognitive or intellectual variables such as high school GPA and scholastic aptitude tests such as the American College Testing Program (ACT) to predict college success. However, these variables alone have been found to account for less than 25 percent of the variability in college performance among disadvantaged college students (Miller & O'Connor, 1969). A review of the literature reveals the …

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Effects Of Gender Role Orientation On Responses Of Counselors-In-Training, Joanne Kay Urschel Jan 1996

Effects Of Gender Role Orientation On Responses Of Counselors-In-Training, Joanne Kay Urschel

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the effects of gender-role orientation of clients and counselors-in-training, and sex of clients on response consistencies of counselors-in-training. One hundred and twelve master's level counselors-in-training from twelve universities served as participants. Each participant viewed six videotaped vignettes of clients; each representing one of six gender-role orientations. At the conclusion of each vignette the participants were asked to write a response to the question, "What would you say next to the client?" Responses were categorized into consistency scores reflecting gender-role orientations of clients and counselors-in-training, and sex of clients. As hypothesized, gender-role orientations of clients and clients' sex …

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Facial Affect And Recognition Patterns, Dennis Ryan Allen Jan 1996

Facial Affect And Recognition Patterns, Dennis Ryan Allen

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The study was designed to determine whether there was a difference in the ability of congenitally blind and sighted adults to produce facial affects. Upon instruction, 16 sighted and 16 blind adults individually posed six facial affects that were captured on slide film producing 192 slides. The sample was composed of 44 graduate students in agency counseling, counselingPsychology, and school counseling. During a 10-second period of viewing each slide, participants were required to select which of the six facial affects they were viewing. Results revealed that sighted males and females performed better than blind males and females. It was also …

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Homophobic Attitude Change, Sarra Beckham-Chasnoff Jan 1996

Homophobic Attitude Change, Sarra Beckham-Chasnoff

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the intensity of homophobia related to its ability to be changed. Homophobia was assessed using the Modified Index of Homophobia (IHP-M). The effects of a videotape containingEducational and emotionally persuasive material on homophobia was investigated. The relationships between individuals' degree of homophobia, their attitudes' susceptibility to change, and some selected demographic variables were also assessed. The sample consisted of 128 undergraduate students enrolled at a medium sized, state supported, midwestern university. This study employed a Solomon four-group experimental design to compare attitude change between participants viewing the treatment videotape and those viewing an alternative videotape. Testing effects …

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Life Style, As Reflected In The Manifest Content Of Early Recollections, And Social Interest In Four Identity Status Type Adolescents, Patty-Jeanne Slaughter Jan 1996

Life Style, As Reflected In The Manifest Content Of Early Recollections, And Social Interest In Four Identity Status Type Adolescents, Patty-Jeanne Slaughter

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between life style, as reflected in the manifest content of participants' early recollections, and identity status type. In addition, early recollections were used to assess the early mother-child and early father-child relationships of participants. Finally, the present study sought to examine the relationship between identity status type and social interest. Fifty male and eighty-five female high school students participated in this study. First, students recorded three early recollections. The first recollection requested was the participants' earliest memory, followed by the earliest memory of mother and then the earliest memory of father. Students …

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Male College Student's General Satisfaction With Different Styles Of Therapy And Different Sexed Therapists, Jeffrey S. Kline Jan 1996

Male College Student's General Satisfaction With Different Styles Of Therapy And Different Sexed Therapists, Jeffrey S. Kline

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of therapist gender and style of therapy on the perceived satisfaction of the therapist. Through an experimental analogue design, the subjects were presented with one of four different video vignettes of a therapy session between a male college student and a therapist. The videos differentiated along two dimensions: therapist gender, and the style of therapy. The dependent variable was a rating of general satisfaction with the therapist in the video vignette as measured by the total score on the Counselor Rating Form--Short (CRF-S). In order to strengthen the overall statistical …

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Predictors Of Job Search Outcome For Unemployed Professionals In An Outplacement Setting, William Paul Macaux Jan 1996

Predictors Of Job Search Outcome For Unemployed Professionals In An Outplacement Setting, William Paul Macaux

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This descriptive study investigated the utility of five variables (extraversion, openness to experience, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and age) in predicting the reemployment outcomes of unemployed professionals in an outplacement setting. Fifty-nine individual clients of a corporate outplacement firm volunteered to serve as subjects. All subjects were administered the Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Conscientiousness, and Agreeableness scales of the NEO PI-R approximately four weeks after they started outplacement services. Date of birth data were also collected. Employment status data for subjects were collected 150 days after their start of services, and the two outcome groups (unemployed and reemployed) were compared for differences …

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Sexual Victimization Recognition And Non-Disclosure Inventory Of Young Adolescents, Nancy S. Faulkner Jan 1996

Sexual Victimization Recognition And Non-Disclosure Inventory Of Young Adolescents, Nancy S. Faulkner

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study was conducted to assess sexual victimization recognition and non-disclosure of young adolescents proximate to the age of the abuse. Participants were 214 middle school pupils, ages 12 to 15 who were presented with Informed Consent, giving them the right not to respond, presented brief information on Body Safety, and asked to respond to five questions. The Body Safety information and administration of the survey were on videotape for ease and consistency of data collection. Three null hypotheses were tested using Chi square and three research questions were analyzed by descriptive, non-statistical trend analysis. The following results were noted: …

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The Effect Of Mental Health Services On The Quality Of Life Of The Hiv-Infected, Douglas Edward Greiner Jan 1996

The Effect Of Mental Health Services On The Quality Of Life Of The Hiv-Infected, Douglas Edward Greiner

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The impact of mental health services on individuals who are HIV-infected was investigated. Mental health services were hypothesized to have an ameliorative effect on the quality of life across time. The Health Status Questionnaire, a modified version of the MOS-30, was used. The dependent variable was Quality of Life as measured on the Health Status Questionnaire, and the independent variables were (a) utilization or non-utilization of mental health services in the immediately preceding six months, and (b) utilization (later dichotomized into consistent or occasional utilization) or non-utilization of mental health services over the course of one year. Validation of the …

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The Effects Of Semantics On The Attitude Differences Toward Mental And Physical Illness, Jeanne S. Sommer Jan 1996

The Effects Of Semantics On The Attitude Differences Toward Mental And Physical Illness, Jeanne S. Sommer

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Two independent variables (label and semantic construction) were studied for their effects on the dependent variable of attitude. The independent variable of label had two conditions (mental vs. physical illness). The independent variable of semantic construction also had two levels (is vs. has). This resulted in a 2 x 2 factorial design. The different levels of the independent variables were combined to yield four conditions placed in vignette form; (1) "is mentally ill," (2) "has a mental illness," (3) "is physically ill," and (4) "has a physical illness." Vignettes were responded to on the Personal Attribute Inventory which consisted of …

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Validity Of The Pk And Ps Scales Of The Mmpi-2: Ptsd And Incest, Diane Michelle Zierhoffer Jan 1996

Validity Of The Pk And Ps Scales Of The Mmpi-2: Ptsd And Incest, Diane Michelle Zierhoffer

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated the validity of the PK and PS scales of the MMPI-2 as it relates specifically to PTSD and incest. The sample consisted of 51 women with a diagnosis of PTSD in therapy which related to their experiences of incest during childhood, 26 women in therapy without a history of incest or diagnosis of PTSD, and 26 non-clinical women who volunteered to participate. Each woman was administered the MMPI-2. Scores on the PK and PS scales were compared among and between the PTSD and non-PTSD groups. Two null hypotheses were tested, each of which was tested twice, once …

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The Relationship Of Psychological Type To The Missionary Calling And Cross-Cultural Adjustment Of Southern Baptist Missionaries, Michael Eugene Whelchel Jan 1996

The Relationship Of Psychological Type To The Missionary Calling And Cross-Cultural Adjustment Of Southern Baptist Missionaries, Michael Eugene Whelchel

ATS Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Implicit And Explicit Memory In Experimentally Induced Moods, Erika Garvin-Dale Jan 1996

Implicit And Explicit Memory In Experimentally Induced Moods, Erika Garvin-Dale

Whittier Scholars Program

This experiment compares implicit and explicit memory in college students in experimentally induced moods. It was designed to eliminate the confounding of implicit-perceptual and explicit-conceptual memory tests by using conceptual implicit and explicit tests. It was hypothesized that the depressed mood group would perform as well as the neutral group on the implicit measure, but not the explicit measure. College students underwent neutral or depressive mood inductions, then participated in an incidental learning task in which they judged whether or not a word fit in a sentence. After a distractor task, the participants took either implicit or explicit category exemplar …

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Well-Being Of Women Married To Ministers (Wmms) In The Christian And Missionary Alliance, Ruth Claudette Rambo Jan 1996

Well-Being Of Women Married To Ministers (Wmms) In The Christian And Missionary Alliance, Ruth Claudette Rambo

ATS Dissertations

No abstract provided.

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Ethical Issues In Interviewing, Counseling, And The Use Of Psychological Data With Child And Adolescent Clients, Michael L. Lindsey Jan 1996

Ethical Issues In Interviewing, Counseling, And The Use Of Psychological Data With Child And Adolescent Clients, Michael L. Lindsey

Fordham Law Review

No abstract provided.

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Front Matter Jan 1996

Front Matter

Modern Psychological Studies

No abstract provided.

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Occupational Possible Selves: Patterns Among Male And Female Undergraduates, Lori D. Lindley, Linda M. Chalk, Aimee Ellenich Jan 1996

Occupational Possible Selves: Patterns Among Male And Female Undergraduates, Lori D. Lindley, Linda M. Chalk, Aimee Ellenich

Modern Psychological Studies

This study uses the possible selves theory (Markus & Nurius, 1986) to examine the differences between 27 undergraduate men and 27 undergraduate women in their perceptions of their future occupational possibilities. Participants rated a list of feminine, masculine, and neutral jobs on how much they feared, expected, and idealized each one. Analysis was done using a within-subjects repeated measures MANOVA test and backward elimination regression analysis. Both men and women were found to fear feminine jobs more than they expected or idealized these jobs (all ps < .001). Women were found to fear masculine jobs more than they expected (p < .001) but not more than they idealized these jobs (p < .060). Occupational self-efficacy and support of the women's movement were also analyzed for their possible influence on fear of masculine jobs, using the Attitudes Toward Feminism and the Women's Movement Scale and the Task-Specific Scale of Occupational Self-Efficacy, but no significant predictors were found.

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Age-Related Dendritic Changes In Human Occipital And Prefrontal Cortices: A Quantitative Golgi Study, Kelly A. Courns, Bob Jacobs Jan 1996

Age-Related Dendritic Changes In Human Occipital And Prefrontal Cortices: A Quantitative Golgi Study, Kelly A. Courns, Bob Jacobs

Modern Psychological Studies

Qualitative (Scheibe!, 1992) and quantitative (Jacobs & Scheibel, 1993) research indicates a general decline in dendritic neuropil with increasing age. The present study extends previous human dendritic research by examining quantitatively age-related changes in 2 cortical areas: prefrontal cortex (area 10) and occipital cortex (area 18). Tissue blocks were obtained from the left hemisphere of 10 neurologically normal subjects, ranging in age from 23 to 81 years. Blocks were stained with a modified rapid Golgi technique. Supragranular pyramidal cells were quantified on a Neurolucida computer/microscope interface system (Microbrightfield, Inc.). Dendritic system complexity was determined by several dependent measures: total dendritic …

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Symbolic Interaction And An Interpretive Approach To Cross Cultural Psychiatry, Henry Dyson Jan 1996

Symbolic Interaction And An Interpretive Approach To Cross Cultural Psychiatry, Henry Dyson

Modern Psychological Studies

Adoption of the medical model of psychopathology has de-emphasized the need for psychiatry to incorporate new developments from the other social sciences. The need for an interpretive (rather than merely biological) approach to psychopathology based upon theories of symbolic interaction is argued in the present article with respect to the emerging field of cross-cultural psychiatry. Groundwork for such an approach is sketched out by application of Obeyesekere's (1981) anthropological theory of personal symbols.

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Exploring Three Correlates Of Thought Suppression: Attention, Absorbtion, And Cognitive Load, Carolyn I. Vicchiullo, Dana S. Dunn Jan 1996

Exploring Three Correlates Of Thought Suppression: Attention, Absorbtion, And Cognitive Load, Carolyn I. Vicchiullo, Dana S. Dunn

Modern Psychological Studies

Previous studies evaluating the probability of successful thought suppression (attempts to rid our minds of repeated unwanted thoughts) have relied solely upon internal mental distracters (Wegner, 1989), characterizing thought suppression to be a controlled rather than an automatic process. As an alternative approach, the effects of attention actively focused on limited external stimuli were studied in order to achieve easy, effortless, and successful thought suppression. Participants included students enrolled in undergraduate psychology courses. Experiment 1 showed that the presence of cognitive load (computerized tests of perceptual skills) occupied conscious capacity sufficiently so that attempts to suppress both mundane (tree) and …

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Apathy Correlates With Self-Esteem: A Study Of Personality, Orie Kristel Iv, Jen Young, Kate Ruley, Laura Seidel, Denise Krch, John Nonnemacher, David Helfand, Shawn Ogiba Jan 1996

Apathy Correlates With Self-Esteem: A Study Of Personality, Orie Kristel Iv, Jen Young, Kate Ruley, Laura Seidel, Denise Krch, John Nonnemacher, David Helfand, Shawn Ogiba

Modern Psychological Studies

To study apathy and the variables that influence it, a psychological research methods class from a small, liberal arts, northeastern college devised a 10 item questionnaire. The questionnaire included a student designed apathy scale, a Locus of Control scale, a Self-Esteem scale, and a number o f demographic questions. The hypothesis that high apathy levels would be con-elated with low self-esteem and an external locus of control was supported. The discussion argues that learned helplessness may contribute to the apathy scores and may be the "common denominator" underlying student apathy, low self- esteem, and external locus of control.

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Effect Of Music Speed On Latency Of A Motor Task, Margaret M. Schneider Jan 1996

Effect Of Music Speed On Latency Of A Motor Task, Margaret M. Schneider

Modern Psychological Studies

To investigate the effect of music on the latency of a motor task, 36 participants were randomly assigned to three groups: the fast music group, the slow music group, and the no music group. Participants separated 200 colored beads by color while they listened to Preludium in E major played at 208 beats per minute, Air from orchestra suite No.3 played at 58 beats per minute, or music. The latency to complete the task was measured by recording time in units o f seconds. Participants in the slow music group took significantly more time to complete the motor task (M …

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Development Of The Prosocial Personality At Work Scale, Antonia P. Steward, Sue Falter Mennino, Barbara A. Fritzsche Jan 1996

Development Of The Prosocial Personality At Work Scale, Antonia P. Steward, Sue Falter Mennino, Barbara A. Fritzsche

Modern Psychological Studies

This study was aimed at developing a scale to measure prosocial behavior in a work-related context that may predict Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCBs). The Prosocial Personality at Work Scale (PPWS) items were developed by adding a work-related frame-of-reference to items from the Prosocial Personality Battery (PSB; Penner, Fritzsche, Craiger, & Freifeld, 1995), a general measure of prosocial personality. In addition, some new items were generated. A sample of 55 participants completed the initial 14 item version of the PPWS. After an item analysis was performed and revisions made, a new sample of 99 participants anonymously completed three measures consisting of …

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Mothers' Parenting Styles And Their Daughters' Eating Disorders, Tania D. Little, Ruth H. Lindow-Cook, Ramona E. Tolliver, Tamela L. Sise Jan 1996

Mothers' Parenting Styles And Their Daughters' Eating Disorders, Tania D. Little, Ruth H. Lindow-Cook, Ramona E. Tolliver, Tamela L. Sise

Modern Psychological Studies

Past research concerning the mother-daughter relationship and eating disorders provided compelling evidence that such a relationship exists. This study used Baumrind's three styles of parenting: authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive (Buri, 1991; Benokraitus, 1993). Sixty female college students, ages 18 to 22, were assessed using Buri's (1991) Parental Authority Questionnaire (PAQ), and assigned to groups, either authoritative, authoritarian, or permissive, depending on their mothers' parent- ing styles. The Eating Disorder Questionnaire (EDQ; Little, Lindow-Cook, Tolliver, & Sise, 1996) was administered to all groups. Analysis using multiple regression, R = .373, (R2 = .139), and ANOVA found significance (F [2,60] = 4.607, …

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Effects Of Media-Endorsed, Thin-Ideal Body Image On Women's Self-Esteem, Anne E. Stuart Jan 1996

Effects Of Media-Endorsed, Thin-Ideal Body Image On Women's Self-Esteem, Anne E. Stuart

Modern Psychological Studies

The present study examines the effects of the media-endorsed, thin-ideal body image on women's self- and body- esteem. Participants in this study were 63 undergraduate females ages 18 to 21. Participants viewed slides of either "ideal-body" images or "neutral" images. Self- and body-esteem were evaluated using the Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale, the Body Esteem Scale, and the Body Image/Attractiveness Perception Scale. Contrary to previous research in this area, no significant differences were found between participants in the two conditions. Explanations for the lack of difference are discussed, and suggestions for future research are presented.

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