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Understanding Latino Ethnic Identity Development: A Review Of Relevant Issues, Azara Rivera-Santiago

New England Journal of Public Policy

One of the most promising areas in cross-cultural psychology is the development of identity among various ethnic groups in the United States. This article has a twofold purpose. First, it offers the concept of ethnic identity as defined and studied within the social sciences — sociology, anthropology, and psychology — including a review of some of the recent work on ethnic identity development proposed by leading investigators in the field of psychology. The author discusses their generalizability across ethnic groups. Second, it presents a number of dimensions considered important in conceptualizing and studying Hispanic ethnic identity development. These include acculturation, …

Ambulatory Electromyogram Activity In The Upper Trapezius Region: Patients With Muscle Pain Vs. Pain-Free Control Subjects, Charles R. Carlson, Kennen T. Wynn, John Edwards, Jeffrey P. Okeson, Arthur J. Nitz, Don E. Workman, Jeffrey Cassisi

CRVAW Faculty Journal Articles

Study Design: This study compared the ambulatory electromyogram activity of persons reporting pain in the shoulder and cervical regions with an equal group of persons not reporting such pain. Ambulatory electromyogram data were obtained over 3-day periods. In addition, all participants completed several standard psychological questionnaires.

Objectives: The results were analyzed with inferential statistics to determine whether subjects reporting significant pain in the shoulder and cervical regions had greater ambulatory electromyogram activity than an equal number of subjects not reporting pain.

Summary of Background Data: Considerable controversy exists regarding the role of muscle activity in the etiology and maintenance of …

The Use Of Personality Tests To Make Employment Decisions, Judi Biniamow

Student Work

The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy of performance predictions made about job applicants on the basis of information obtained from a computergenerated personality profile and an interview transcript. Fourteen employees of a midwest company, posing as job applicants, completed the Wonderlic Comprehensive Personality Profile (CPP) and answered six interview questions. Another group of individuals, referred to as the Evaluators, read the CPP computer-generated personality profiles and the interview transcripts, and answered questions regarding the expected job performance of the Applicants. The Evaluators were divided into two groups: Human Resource Evaluators and non-Human Resource Evaluators. The Applicants …

California Institute Of Integral Studies -- Catalog 1996-1998, Ciis

CIIS Catalogs Archive

This is the 1996-1998 catalog of courses, staff and faculty for the California Institute of Integral Studies (CIIS).

A Study Of Inter-Generational Activities In Structured Environments For Seniors, Raymond Vanek, Sophie Walker

Theses Digitization Project

This survey research project explored different factors influencing the desire of seniors living in structured residential centers to have inter-generational activities with children from their communities.

The Impact Of Acculturation On The Moral Development Of Mexican-Americans: A Cross-Cultural Study, Jaime Ponce Aguilar

Theses Digitization Project

No abstract provided.

A Two-Factor Model Of Women's Sexual Decision-Making, Sandra Marie Houston

Digitized Theses

This dissertation reports on three studies which examined correlates of number of sexual partners and of motivations underlying the decision to have sexual intercourse with a new partner among heterosexually experienced undergraduate women. In Study One (N = 117), women's reports of a greater number of sexual partners were associated with liberal attitudes, erotophilia, more frequent masturbation, lower romantic relationship satisfaction, and a self-gratification orientation to sexual decision making, as measured by the Sexual Decision Making Scale (SDMS), developed for this research. In Study Two (N = 238), women's reports of a greater number of sexual partners were associated with …

Differential Effects Of Ovarian Hormones On The Left And Right Cerebral Hemispheres: Evidence From Perceptual And Motor Asymmetries, Larissa Araxe Mead

Digitized Theses

In the present series of experiments, the possibility that ovarian hormones act differentially on the left and right hemispheres of the adult human brain was investigated through the assessment of several behavioral asymmetries. Lateralized behaviors or performance patterns are believed to arise through underlying functional or neurochemical asymmetries in the brain. Therefore, an asymmetric effect of ovarian hormones on the underlying brain areas may be revealed as an alteration in the laterality of these behavioral patterns.;The first study involved the administration of a battery of visual and auditory perceptual asymmetry tests to a group of young women. Test sessions took …

Visual Indexing And Inhibition Of Return Of Visual Attention, Christopher R. Sears

Digitized Theses

When an observer's visual attention is involuntarily drawn to a particular spatial location by a highly salient cue, the processing of stimuli appearing at that location is facilitated. When attention is then disengaged from the cued location, subsequent shifts of attention (either voluntary or involuntary) to the same location are inhibited. This inhibition in returning attention to a previously attended location delays the processing of stimuli appearing there, a phenomenon known as inhibition of return (IOR). IOR is a particularly intriguing phenomenon because it suggests that the attentional system has some means of keeping track of previously attended locations. That …

The Effects Of Retinal Eccentricity On Prehension And Perception, Kelly Jane Murphy

Digitized Theses

The effects of retinal eccentricity on prehension and on the perception of object dimensions was investigated. Human subjects reached out and grasped different sized objects viewed at different peripheral positions along the horizontal and vertical meridians. The sensitivity of visuomotor grip scaling to object width was compared with visuoperceptual judgements about object width.;When retinal eccentricity was varied in the temporal field, along the horizontal meridian, it was found that reaches in peripheral vision were slower and exhibited longer deceleration periods relative to reaches in central vision. Further, the amplitude of the grasp, though scaled to object width, increased as object …

The Standardized Memory Assessment: A Psychometric Evaluation Of A Computerized Cognitive Battery, Michael David Rannie

Digitized Theses

The purpose of this study was to begin developing and to examine psychometrically a computerized assessment of memory: the Standardized Memory Assessment (SMA). Computers open the door to great opportunities for the field of psychological testing, offering many advantages for purposes of standardized assessment. Of foremost advantage is that computers allow for testing constructs that were previously difficult or impossible to test, such as comprehensive measure of memory.;The psychometric properties of the SMA were examined by analyzing the data obtained from a sample of 227 undergraduates. It was determined that most subscales and scales of the SMA had moderate reliabilities. …

Information Processing In Anxiety And Depression: Attention Responses To Mood Congruent Stimuli, Glen Edward Berry

Digitized Theses

Previous research (e.g., MacLeod & Mathews, 1990) has found that anxious individuals show an attentional bias towards negative information, but evidence for such a bias in depressed individuals is equivocal. Conversely, there are fairly consistent findings that depressed individuals display a recall bias for negative information, whereas the findings for anxious individuals are mixed. However, task demands from this research may not have allowed anxious and depressed subjects to process information to the same extent. In the present study, 15 clinically depressed, 15 clinically anxious, 16 community control, 17 mildly depressed, 19 mildly anxious, and 17 nonclinical control subjects were …

Inhibition-Confrontation Model Of Coping And Uncertainty Orientation: Individual Differences In The Disclosure Of Traumas, Melissa Christine Brouwers

Digitized Theses

Supporters of the inhibition-confrontation model of coping assert that inhibition of thoughts and feelings associated with traumatic life events requires the expenditure of physiological resources. This places the body under stress and results in an increased vulnerability to illness. By disclosing the traumatic event, it is believed that inhibition is released, reducing the strain on the body and the proclivity toward disease.;The primary purpose of the present study is to broaden this model by demonstrating that differences in uncertainty orientation will mediate the extent to which disclosure results in a release of inhibition for all persons. The theory of uncertainty …

Money Beliefs And Quality Of Life, Or, What Is Money For, If It Doesn't Buy Happiness?, Rosalind Maureen Callard

Digitized Theses

Can money buy happiness? Few psychological studies have systematically attempted to answer this question, although several have shown a small (.11 to.19) but significant correlation between income and quality of life. It is argued in this study that the relationship between income and quality of life is complex. Aspects of money that might affect quality of life were identified as money beliefs, money goals, appraisals of finances, financial situation and money behaviours. The study then focused on the money beliefs aspect. Money beliefs were identified and described using a qualitative research paradigm. A scale of money beliefs (the Money Beliefs …

The Impact Of Mood On Message Formulation: A Study Of Emotion And Message Design Logic, Kelly Herold, Jerri Rudloff, Shirley Whitfield

Communication Studies Faculty Works

This study explores mood effects on message construction and message design logic. Previous research has demonstrated that mood affects memory, cognition processing, message retrieval, and message construction. Since these cognitive processes are fundamental to the construction of messages, mood should affect message design logic. This study examined O'Keefe's research on message construction and found her study neglected the influence of moon on message design logic. An experimental study is reported which tests this hypothesis. Results suggest that mood and message design are indeed associated. This article was published in the

Ethical Sensitivity, Cognitive Mapping, And Organizational Communication: A Different Approach To Studying Ethics In Organizations, Tammy Swenson Lepper

Communication Studies Faculty Works

The ability to recognize the ethical or moral implications of situations is known as moral (ethical) sensitivity. This paper describes the development of the concept of ethical sensitivity in the field of cognitive moral psychology and current research that examines ethical sensitivity. This significance of ethical sensitvity for the field of organizational communication is discussed. Because business ethics' scholars have been the primary investigators of ethics in organizations, weaknesses of empirical and theoretical research about moral decision-making in the field of business ethics are described. Methods for studying ethical sensitivity in organizations are discussed, with a focus on cognitive mapping …

Examination Of Psychological And Biographical Characteristics Of Body Modifiers And Self-Injurers, Robert A. Rekker

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Imaginary Companions In Preschool-Aged Children: A Theoretical Examination, An Exploration Of The Role Of Parents, And A Study Of The Relationship Between A Child And Her Imagination, Joy Lyn Bryan

Doctoral Dissertations

Two theories about why children create imaginary companions were examined, the void-stress and the psychoanalytic theories. The relationship between children and their imaginary companions, the role of parents, and fantasy choice were also examined. To these ends, children completed measures of loneliness, moral reasoning, locus of control, stress, and self-perceived competence. If they had an imaginary friend they also completed a perceived competence scale from the point of view of their imaginary companion. Children with imaginary companions also completed two measures of the relationship between themselves and their imagined friend: relationship circles and the Sibling Inventory of Differential Experience. All …

The Effects Of Primary Olfactory Cortical And Thalamic Lesions On Olfactory Continuous Non-Matching To Sample And Discrimination In The Rat, Yueping Zhang

Doctoral Dissertations

Forty-two male rats were pretrained on the olfactory continuous delayed non-matching to sample (CDNMTS) task. They were then matched for performance and randomly assigned to one of the following six treatment groups: excitotoxic lesions of pyriform cortex, later entorhinal cortex, lateral internal medullary lamina (L-IML), mediodorsal nucleus (MDn), nonspecific nuclei, and sham control. After recovery from surgery, the rats were retrained on the olfactory CDNMTS. Delay effects were examined by manipulating retention intervals (RI), with five RIs (4, 6, 9, 13.5, and 20.25 s) randomly mixed within each session. The number of odor stimuli used in each session varied from …

The Relation Between Media Exposure And Body Satisfaction: An Examination Of Moderating Variables Derived From Social Comparison Theory, Shelley Rae Strowman

Doctoral Dissertations

The relation between media exposure and body satisfaction was investigated using correlational and experimental approaches. Several variables were examined as potential moderators of this relation (perceived similarity to magazine models, self-relevance of weight, perceived control over weight, tendency to compare to models, and body mass). These variables were derived primarily from past research on Festinger's (1954) social comparison theory. In Study 1, male and female subjects reported the amount of time they spent reading magazines pre-coded as having a body image or non-body image emphasis. Body image magazine exposure was unrelated to body satisfaction and self-esteem when correlations were computed …

The Generation Of Predictive Inferences And The Availability Of Contextual Information, Michelle Lenore Rizzella

Doctoral Dissertations

Five experiments were conducted to determine whether readers generate predictive inferences when biasing context was available at either a local level (i.e., in short-term memory) or global level (i.e., in long-term memory). Subjects read passages that described two characters; one description contained contextual information supporting a predictive inference and the other description did not. Experiments 1 and 2 examined whether subjects generated a predictive inference when biasing context was locally available. Reading time differences in Experiment 1 demonstrated that subjects experienced comprehension difficulty when critical sentences were inconsistent with biasing context. Experiment 2 showed that subjects had generated a predictive …

Diagnosing Adhd In Adolescence: An Analysis Of Symptom Presentation And Comorbidity., Larissa Kay Kern

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in adolescents poses a challenge for clinicians and researchers. Given the decline in hyperactivity and increased behavioral inhibition in adolescence, the differential diagnosis between ADHD and internalizing disorders becomes difficult. In addition, the high comorbidity rates found in adolescents with ADHD further complicate diagnostic decisions. The present study examines the diagnostic efficiency of the DSM-IV criteria for ADHD in a large sample of adolescents aged 11 to 17 years. The results suggest that Inattentive symptoms are more useful for classifying ADHD in adolescents than Hyperactive/Impulsive symptoms. However, Inattentive symptoms also misclassify a …

The Communicator - Vol.8 No. 1 - Winter, 1996, Nova Southeastern University

The Communicator

No abstract provided.

Attachment 101 For Attorneys: Implications For Infant Placement Decisions, Eleanor Willemsen, Kristin Marcel

Santa Clara Law Review

No abstract provided.

The Social Basis Of Emotion: Affective Consequences Of Social Comparisons With Competitive And Cooperative Others, Celinda M. Reese

Master's Theses

The present research explores the affective consequences of social comparisons made by cooperators and competitors. Participants (75 males, 90 females) were randomly assigned to either a cooperative or competitive condition in which they either performed better or worse than a partner. Participants were asked to imagine themselves in a particular situation and then report their emotional reaction to the scenario. Consistent with R. Lazarus' cognitive appraisal theory of emotion, participants in the cooperative condition reported anger when their partner's actions hindered goal attainment but reported joy when the partner promoted goal attainment. Consistent with T. Wills' theory of downward social …

Perspectives On Human Nature And Their Implications For Business Organizations, Lewis D. Solomon

Fordham Urban Law Journal

Employing psychological principles to reform the structure and agendas of business organizations increases employee fulfillment. This Essay proposes changes in corporate structure in order to nurture employee's mental health in a way that also benefits companies by resulting in greater employee productivity. This Essay argues that the decentralization of business organizations and greater employee involvement in decision-making will improve both quality of life and the environment.

The Impact Of Total Sleep Deprivation On Neuropsychological Functioning., Paul Gale Binks

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Extended sleep deprivation has been shown to produce impairments in sustained attention and vigilance, especially if the deprivation period is greater than 48 hours. However little is known about the effects of sleep deprivation on performance of cognitive tasks considered to be measures of higher cortical functioning such as cognitive flexibility and the capacity to shift response set. These two activities are associated with intact functioning of the frontal lobes of the cerebral cortex while attention and vigilance tasks are not considered to be part of this type of cognitive activity and are not associated with frontal lobe function. One …

Homework Performance In Middle And High School Students: A Comparison Of The Effects Of Goal Setting With And Without Contingent Rewards., Alice L. Kahle

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Participation in homework has important academic benefits for students. In addition, parents and teachers expect that completion of homework assignments will help students develop independent study skills. Unfortunately, homework problems are common and a significant number of middle school and high school students fail to complete many homework assignments. Goal setting is a procedure that has been applied to homework and targets academic productivity directly. In this study, the efficacy of a self-managed goal setting procedure for improving the homework performance of middle and high school students was evaluated. A combination multiple baseline and alternating treatments design was utilized to …

Medical Compliance In Hiv-Infected Patients: An Analysis Of Outpatient Clinic Attendance., Jennifer B. Mcclure

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Currently there is no cure for HIV/AIDS. The only way to deter progression of this disease is through regular prophylactic and curative treatment regimens. Thus, it is critical that patients are compliant with their outpatient medical appointments. Despite this, high rates of noncompliance have been reported among patients with HIV/AIDS. In addition, little attention has been directed toward establishing causal factors of this noncompliance. The present study represents one of the first efforts to elucidate psychosocial, illness, and demographic factors associated with compliance with outpatient, HIV-specific treatments. The results of this study indicate noncompliance with medical appointments is a significant …

Artificial Grammar Learning In A Dual Task Paradigm., Barbara Cochran

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

A series of experiments explored the effects of performing concurrent secondary tasks on learning letter strings created with a finite state artificial grammar. Experiments 1-2 compared a task which disrupted organized encoding to a task which simply required holding information in memory while encoding strings, as well as to two control tasks. Participants performing the disruptive task were worse at judging the grammaticality of test strings than were participants in the two single task control groups. Performance of the memory load group fell between the disruptive task group and the control groups, but was not significantly different from either. Experiments …