Digital Commons Network^™

Learners And Teachers: The Application Of Psychology To Second-Language Acquisition, Madeline Ehrman

Russian Language Journal

The successful acquisition of second languages depends as much on good psychology as it does on sound linguistics. Both teaching and learning can be enriched by understanding and applying basic psychological principles.

The speaking and reading performance of second-language learners has received a great deal of attention in areas of applied linguistics such as conversation analysis, speech production analysis, oral testing research, classroom interaction analysis, and task-based learning research.(Ellis, 1994). In addition to linguistic variables, researchers have examined psychological determinants of learner achievement in speech performance, among them “individual difference variables.” These relatively stable learner characteristics—including language aptitude, motivation, and …

The Psychological Foundation For An Integrated Course In Law And Ethics, Richard Mcgowan

Scholarship and Professional Work - Business

Centuries ago, Thomas Aquinas noted that “human reason must proceed from the precepts of the natural law as from certain common and indispensable principles to other more particular dispositions” (ST I-II, 91, 3) He said that “because of the uncertainty of human judgment, especially in contingent and particular matters, it happens that different decisions are made about different human acts so that laws are often divergent and even contradictory.” (91, 4) To the casual reader, Thomas might be endorsing a position akin to ethical relativism but Thomas finds little to endorse about that position: “the truth is the same for …

The Benefits Of Bibliotherapy: Textsets And Accompanying Guides For Students And Teachers, Angela Lee Maurina

All Graduate Projects

In this project, bibliotherapy (the use of literature in helping children cope with emotional problems or change) was investigated. Its history, with a specific focus on past and current uses in professional clinical and educational practice, was researched and outlined. In addition, a review of the psychological social and emotional needs and development of fourth through eighth graders ( early adolescence) was conducted. A summative argument supporting the use of bibliotherapy as a tool to meet the specific needs of early adolescents in the classroom setting was put forward. Limitations were noted. Upon completion of the research, an implementation guide …

The Psychology Of Capital Punishment, Shelia M. Murphy

Indiana Law Journal

Symposium: Toward A Model Death Penalty Code: The Massachusetts Governor's Council Report.

The Integration Of Spiritual And Religious Issues In Racial-Cultural Psychology And Counseling., Timothy B. Smith, P Scott Richards

Faculty Publications

A new movement has begun. Spirituality and religion are being integrated into racial-cultural psychology and counseling. This chapter will review the literature that is the basis of that movement. We first describe the historical forces alluded to by Trimble (2000) that until only recently have minimized the relevance of religion and spirituality to psychological research and practice. We then summarize the potential benefits and concerns about incorporating spiritual and religious perspectives into research and practice that have been suggested in publications of the past 30 years. To demonstrate that religion and spirituality are central to racial-cultural psychology and counseling, literature …

Discovering Work Relationships And Their Effect On Job Satisfaction : An Exploratory Study Of A Small Organization In The Upper Midwest, Heather Brooke Berglove

Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Emotional Intelligence And How Its Relationship To Mcgregor's Theory X And Theory Y, Jack E. Little

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

“When dealliing wiitth peoplle,, remember you are nott dealliing wiitth creattures of llogiic,, butt creattures of emottiion” (qttd.. iin braiinyquotte).. Thiis quotte from Dalle Carnegiie presentts a conceptt tthatt iis very iimporttantt tto tthe worlld of busiiness managementt:: our emottiions.. Riichard S Lazarus,, an expertt on emottiions,, defiines emottiions as “compllex human reacttiions tto personall achiievementts and settbacks tthatt may be felltt and diispllayed” (Kreiittner and Kiiniickii 172).. Emottiions can be very powerfull and can serve us wellll,, butt tthey can allso holld us back from whatt we iinttend tto do.. Therefore,, a manager who has sttrong conttroll over hiis …

An Observational Study Of Bail Decision-Making, Alfred Allan, Maria Allan, Margaret Giles, Deirdre Drake, Irene Froyland

Research outputs pre 2011

Pre-trial detention of defendants has important legal, human rights and practical implications for defendants, their families, and society and therefore the area justifies research scrutiny. However, there is a dearth of empirical studies of bail decision-making and most of them have been retrospective studies. Prior studies have nevertheless identified a number of purported shortcomings in bail legislation and decision-making. The rarely used observational methodology employed in this study provided data that are not normally available from official records. The first appearances of 648 defendants were observed in the lower courts in metropolitan Perth (Western Australia) to identify factors that play …

The Essential Functions Of A Plotinian Soul, Damian Caluori

Philosophy Faculty Research

In reading Plotinus one might get the impression that the essential functions of a Plotinian soul are very similar to those of an Aristotelian soul. Plotinus talks of such vegetative functions as growth, nurture and reproduction. He discusses such animal functions as sense perception, imagination and memory. And he attributes such functions as reasoning, judging and having opinions to the soul. In Plotinus' Psychology, Blumenthal bases his whole discussion of the soul on an analysis of these functions. He concludes that Plotinus 'saw the soul's activities as the functions of a series of faculties which were basically those of …

A Comparison Of Adults Raised As Only Children With Adults Raised With Siblings On A Measure Of Anger, Lynn M. Schiller

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

.

Factors Affecting The Activation Of Predictive Inferences, Mary E. Harmon

Doctoral Dissertations

Past research has demonstrated that predictive inferences are difficult to detect when distracting material is present (Klin, Guzaman, & Levine, 1999b). The experiments in this dissertation were designed to explore both how and why distracting material influences the availability of predictive inferences.

Participants were presented with passages containing either a neutral introduction or a distractor introduction followed by an inference-evoking sentence or a control sentence. In Experiment 1, activation of predictive inferences was detected with a naming task, but not in the presence of distracting information. In Experiments 2 and 3, there was no evidence of activation of a "distractor" …

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Adhd) And Ethnicity: A Literature Review, Shanel M. Bryant

McNair Scholars Journal

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of the most expensive mental disorders, costing U.S. citizens $77 billion every year (Reinberg, 2004). Although ADHD effects between 3-7% of U.S. children (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2000), there are many misconceptions about the disorder and concerns have been raised regarding appropriate diagnosis and treatment in children, adolescents, and adults. In addition to these concerns, several authors have noted that there is a lack of research regarding ethnicity and ADHD. The limited research that has been done is confusing with some studies indicating that there is no difference in rates of ADHD diagnoses …

A Conceptual Framework For The Integration Ofpsychology And Christianity In Clinical Supervision, Jamie Dean Aten

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Using a multiple case study design and grounded theory approach, Evangelical supervisors were interviewed to determine how they integratePsychology and Christianity in clinical supervision. In-depth interviews were conducted with eight participants who had been peer-nominated by leaders in the field of Christian integration. A conceptual framework for integratingPsychology and Christianity in clinical supervision emerged. This framework is comprised of supervisor influences, supervisor conceptualizations, supervisor indicators, supervisor roles, and supervisor actions. The specific themes that make-up this framework are discussed in detail. Issues of supervisor training readiness and recommendations for integratingPsychology and Christianity in clinical supervision were also explored. Six of …

An Analysis Of The Social Support Network Of Gay Men Living With Hiv, Bridget Roberts-Pittman

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study examined the social support networks of gay men living with HIV. This study represents a unique detailing of the specific members of their social support networks. Eighty-five participants completed the Social Support Questionnaire (Wright, 1995) initially and at 6-month intervals for a 2-year period. The participants were divided into 3 groups defined by HIV status: (a) asymptomatic; (b) symptomatic; and (c) AIDS. Seven participants were randomly selected from each group, resulting in the sample of 21 participants with 238 different individuals within the networks. Networks were examined in terms of stability of the members within the specific networks. …

An Investigation Of Psychologists' Attitudes Toward Sex Offenders, Lori M. Cichon

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The present study investigated differences in psychologists' attitudes toward sex offenders. The independent variables were biological sex, categorized as male and female, and amount of training in working with sex offenders, categorized as none versus some. Three hundred and fourteen participants were included in this study and a 2 x 2 Factorial ANOVA was conducted. An interaction between biological sex and training was found. Without training, female psychologists held more negative attitudes toward sex offenders than male psychologists without training. With training, female psychologists' attitudes toward sex offenders were slightly more positive than their male counterparts. A significant main effect …

Best Practice, Current Practice, And Parent Satisfaction With Psychological Evaluation Services Through First Steps In Indiana, Sara Elizabeth Davis

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Parent satisfaction with psychological services provided through the First Steps program in the state of Indiana was the primary focus of this study. Differences in parent satisfaction based on ethnicity, maternalEducation level, family income, and disability eligibility category were investigated. Location of service was also evaluated in terms of parents' satisfaction with services provided. Participants were 123 families who had received psychological services through the Indiana First Steps program during the last two years. Participants were surveyed by mail using an instrument designed for this study. Items on the survey addressed demographics along with a range of practices including assessment …

To Be Or Not To Be Good: The Need For Moral Virtues Inpsychology, Michael D. Adams

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this theoretical study was to contend for the need for the inclusion of moral values and virtues within the theory and practice ofPsychology. A hermeneutic review of the history ofPsychology was performed to determine how the epistemologies of positivism and postmodernism have limited psychologists in their abilities to include moral values and virtues within the practice and theory of psychotherapy. From this hermeneutic review a discovery was made that the current moral values within the field ofPsychology are individualism and a valuing of the self. The theory of dialogic hermeneutics is reviewed and found to be a …

Blood Work, Mack Gingles

LSU Master's Theses

The visual portion of BLOOD WORK is a record of my reconciliations with its parts: description based on the photograph, memory, and my concerns for abstraction. I am interested in the nuances of gesture as they convey meaning and evoke memory response. Though non-specific, the space surrounding the figures is emptied to accentuate their psychology. By adumbrating one reality and effacing another I attempt to transform the mundane into what I perceive as the uncanny.

Temporal Comparisons And The Perception Of Posttraumatic Growth In Early Stage Cancer Patients, Sean Ransom

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Like others who endure serious stressors, cancer patients often report personal growth as a result of their illness, a phenomenon termed "posttraumatic growth." Although researchers often accept these reports as valid, temporal comparison theory suggests that people may overestimate such growth. According to the theory, remembering the past self as less positive than the present self may serve as an illusory self-enhancement process that allows one to see continual personal growth. Thus, reports of posttraumatic growth may represent perceived rather than actual change in the self. To test this possibility, we prospectively examined 88 individuals with early stage breast (Stage …

Spiritual Dimension In Educational Leadership, Rosalina Ruiz

Theses and Dissertations - UTB/UTPA

Spirit-filled experiences have been customarily silent in the discourse of education. This area has been misunderstood and solely left to the religious arena to discover its development creating compartmentalized concepts and depriving other organizational systems from implementing its rich resourcefulness. This study seeks to provide ontological and epistemological knowledge to uncover and understand the power of the spiritual dimension in the life of successful educational leaders. By conceptualizing spirituality in educational leadership, this qualitative study seeks to explore successful educational leaders' use of spirituality to strengthen their effectiveness as it relates to school and their performance. Based on the major …

Front Matter

Modern Psychological Studies

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of The Variability Hypothesis On Margaret F. Washburn's And Mary W. Calkins' Parodoxical Relations With Faculty In Their Graduate Programs, Ginger Hudson, Ann N. Elliott

Modern Psychological Studies

This paper offers a possible explanation for the paradoxical relations for two of psychology's 19th century female pioneers with faculty members in their graduate programs: Margaret F Washburn and James M. Cattell at Columbia University; and Mary W. Calkins and Hugo Munsterberg at Harvard University. Cattell's and Munsterberg's strong support and advocacy for these female graduate students appear contradictory to their general beliefs regarding women's intellectual capacities and pursuit of higher education. However, it is suggested that their views were, in fact, consistent with the variability hypothesis, which drew a sharp distinction between "average" and "exceptional" women. It is further …

Physiological And Psychological Responses To Stress In Elite Swimmers, Josie M. Jedick

Modern Psychological Studies

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of different amounts of outside stress on a group of 13 male and 12 female swimmers from Arizona State University who were involved in the same amount of exercise stress. It was hypothesized that high levels of outside stress in addition to the imposed training stress should correlate with more negative mood and with more health problems. It was also expected that the combination of these effects would contribute to a decline in performance. Several questionnaires were utilized to evaluate the defined variables of life event stress (Life Events Survey …

The Relationship Between Hypergender Ideology And Rape Empathy Among Male And Female College Students, Erin E. Okun, Suzaime L. Osman

Modern Psychological Studies

The primary purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between hypergender ideology and rape empathy. A sample of 157 college students completed a questionnaire packet containing demographic variables, the Hypergender Ideology Scale (HOS) and the Rape Empathy Scale (RES). It was predicted that those indicating stronger adherence to extreme stereotypic gender roles would report more empathy for the perpetrator rather than the victim of rape. It was also predicted that men would show stronger adherence to stereotypic gender roles and less victim empathy than women. Results show significant support for all predictions. Discussion involves implications that the …

Unskilled-Unaware And The Role Of Defensive High Self-Esteem, Kim Wilson, Christine Smith

Modern Psychological Studies

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between defensive high self-esteem and inability to recognize one's own incompetence. It is hypothesized that individuals displaying defensive high self-esteem will be most likely to show a high correlation between lack of skill and lack of awareness. Participants were assessed for defensive high self-esteem using the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. The unskilled-unaware construct was identified through comparison of prediction versus actual performance on a curriculum-scheduled exam. The null was rejected at p = .01, indicating the likelihood that defensive self-esteem can or does play a …

Age And Cohort Differences In Flashbulb Memory, Jenny Denver

Modern Psychological Studies

Current research in autobiographical memory gives evidence of both a retention effect and a "reminiscence bump," as well as evidence of an agerelated decline in older adults' ability to vividly recall certain memories. The present study investigated the existence of an age-related decline and the reminiscence bump in flashbulb memories, which Brown and Kutik (1977) describe as detailed, vivid, and persistent memories for unexpected, emotional events. Participants from three age groups (n=220) were questioned about three potential flashbulb memory events (9 / 11, JFK's assassination, and Pearl Harbor). Younger adults had lengthier free recall accounts for 9/11 than middle-aged and …

Help-Seeking Attitudes In Latino Pentecostals, Genaro J. Adrian

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

.

Victor Emile Frankl's Meaning Paradigm : Logotherapy As A Model For Meaning-Centered Pastoral Ministry In The Contemporary Singaporean Context, Peter Wong Keen Mun

ATS Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Cognitive, Personality, And Demographic Attributes Of Student Change, Jeanne Marie Henry

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

This study was an examination as to whether cognitive, personality, and demographic attributes of students have changed over time. Archival data for 10 cohorts of freshman students from a private Midwest engineering institution were used. Data consisted of Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) results, Learning Environment Preferences (LEP) results, and demographics. ANOVAs were performed for all interval data and Chi-Square analyses for all nominal data. Statistical significance was found for MBTI Thinking-Perceiving and Sensing-Intuition scales, LEP Cognitive Complexity Index scores, and demographic variables including age, parentalEducation level, and SAT scores. Results are discussed in terms of practical significance, trends evidenced in …

Religion, Spirituality And Motives For Drinking In An Adult Community Sample, Michelle Lynn Drerup

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Involvement in both spiritual and religious pursuits has been associated with lower rates of alcohol use and related problems, but the factors that underlie the protective effects of religion are not clearly understood. Motivational models specify that motives for drinking are proximal causes of alcohol use that mediate the effects of more distal predictors such as alcohol outcome expectancies and personality. Previous research by Johnson et al. (2003, 2004, 2005a) suggested that in a college student sample, motives for drinking might mediate the relationship between religiousness and alcohol use and problems. The current study tested a series of path models …