Entire DC Network | Open Access Articles | Digital Commons Network™

Cooking During Covid | ‘Quarantine Avocado Pasta’, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

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No abstract provided.

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Cooking During Covid | Vegan Smoothie Bowl | Prepping Lunches, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

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No abstract provided.

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Uptown Athens | Missing Ginger, Wings Over Athens, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

No abstract provided.

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Elementary General And Special Educators' Efficacy Teaching Students With Disabilities, Morgan Johnson

Psychology

With the rise of inclusive education, more students with disabilities are receiving instruction in the general education classroom. We will present the results of a research study analyzing elementary teachers’ efficacy for teaching students with disabilities. Practitioners will learn the ways in which efficacy differs between general and special educators as well as between general teaching efficacy and efficacy specific to teaching students with disabilities.

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Does Discrimination Evoke An Orientation Toward Materialistic Values, Alexandra Horton, Tyler Pederson

Psychology

The present study explored the relationship between race, discrimination, and a materialistic values orientation (MVO). MVO corresponds to an orientation wherein an individual prioritizes a cluster of goals centered around consumerism that include achieving financial success, cultivating an attractive appearance, and having a high social status (Kasser, Ryan, Couchman & Sheldon, 2004). One pathway by which MVO develops is as a compensatory response to feelings of insecurity; that is when individuals feel threatened they are more likely to compensate for this distress by pursuing goals related to MVO,as opposed to pursuing goals that meet deeper psychological needs of affiliation, autonomy, …

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What's On Your Mind? Applying A Neurocognitive Model Of Emotion Regulation To Attachment, Kate Hart

Psychology

Attachment theory has often been studied as a trait-like variable which has reliably predicted outcomes in numerous domains. The underlying mechanism to attachment is its role in affect regulation, and theories about the systems involved outline two separate processes depending on attachment security: primary attachment strategies and secondary attachment strategies. This paper focuses on the secondary attachment strategies, outlining the behavioral and neurocognitive evidence in support of Mikulincer, Pereg, and Shaver’s (2003) models of hyperactivation and deactivation affect regulation systems. Attachment anxiety’s hyperactivation system is well-supported in both behavioral and neural domains, but the attachment avoidance deactivation system is only …

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Learning Continuous Action-Effect Contingencies Through Observation, Yonca Cam, Makayla Smullin

Psychology

The effects of our movements become associated with the motor commands that generate those movements (Hommel et al., 2001), and later exposure to (i.e., perception of) those effects (e.g., being a passenger in a car) primes us to make those same types of movements. To date, these experiments have used discrete stimuli and discrete responses. The present experiment investigated whether or not response-effect pairings could be acquired during a continuous control task, and whether one can learn such pairings, simply by observing another person do the control task. One of the participants used the A and L key on a …

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The Demeaning Sociocognitive Attitudes Of Bullies, Megan Donnelly

Psychology

Current divisive political discourse evokes concern, as hostile and bullying exchanges at school have recently (and dramatically) increased. While bullying has been widely studied, less is known about sociocognitive functioning of bullies, especially concerning different types of bullies. To inform screening and intervention efforts, this study will examine sociocognitive differences in high-school-aged bullies versus bully-victims regarding their moral disengagement, normative beliefs about aggression, and social dominance orientation.

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From Archives To Center, Dorothy Gruich

Hail We Akron!

No abstract provided.

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A Biopsychosocial Interpretation Of The Function Of Religion Evolutionary Perspectives, Jamesian Principles, And Consequential Effects, Austin Avison

Student Scholars Day Oral Presentations

This article seeks to assess the psychological role in which religion plays within human emotion, behavior, and mental processes. The aims of this research are to provide a psychological oriented basis for interpreting the function of religion within human operation and interaction. First, by incorporating contributions that have been made within the subfield of evolutionary psychology in assessing the evolutionary and adaptive basis in which religious cognition and experience emerged. Further, by addressing the theoretical contributions made within Terror Management Theory in accounting for a psychological function that religion serves. Third, by incorporating the ideas of William James in providing …

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Mothers' Hand Preference During Dyadic Play Experience With Infants, Shaunta Caffey

Psychology

Research shows an infant’s hand preference is related to the mother’s handedness (Michel, & Harkins 1988). During simple unimanual actions, Michel and Harkins (1988) found that mothers who had a strong left-hand preference had infants who had more left-hand use during reaching and unimanual actions than infants who had two right-handed parents or an infant who had a left-handed father. The purpose of this study is to examine the relation between mother and infant hand preference during complex play experience, extending beyond simple unimanual actions. Hand preference was observed for thirty-one motherinfant dyads during play experiences, across a one-year period. …

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A Monte Carlo Analysis Of Thorndike's Indirect Range Restriction Correction Equations, Michael Thomas Pelayo

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Employee selection is an important process for organizations. Organizations seek to select the best employees for their available positions. Testing is key to many selection efforts. The results of studies assessing the criterion-related validity of a selection test are affected by a number of statistical artifacts, one of which is range restriction. Range restriction has the effect of attenuating the correlation coefficient. Statistical equations exist to correct for the effects of range restriction, and they enable researchers to obtain a more accurate estimate of the validity coefficient. Thorndike (1949) developed the best known and most frequently used of these correction …

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Social Media Rumination: The Impact Of Materialistic Value Orientation, Keeley Hynes

Psychology

Previous research demonstrates that ruminating on social media content is associated with greater mental distress. However, it is unclear what factors are associated with rumination. Using Self-Determination Theory, this study examined how orientation toward intrinsic and extrinsic life-goals differentially predicted social media rumination in a sample of racially and socioeconomically diverse high school students at two time points.

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Temperament And Aggression In Early Childhood, Samantha Croney, Riley Cronin

Psychology

Temperament has been associated with aggressive behaviors (Rothbart, Ahadi, & Evans, 2000); however, the nature of this relationship would benefit from more specificity. This project focused on the temperament dimensions of shyness and inhibitory control. Shyness is marked by slow, avoidant, or inhibited approaches to novel social situations or uncertainty, whereas inhibitory control is the ability to “suppress inappropriate approach responses under instructions or in novel or uncertain situations” (Rothbard, Ahadi, & Hershey, 1994, p. 29). We tested two types of aggression evident in early childhood. Proactive aggression is characterized by expecting positive outcomes from aggression and involves many aspects …

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Symptom Presentation Of Sexually Abused Youth At A Child Advocacy Center: An Examination Of Parental Factors, Erika Boohar, Chelsey Wisehart, Kelsey Mccoy, David J. Hansen

UCARE: Research Products

Parental involvement and support are crucial factors in child sexual abuse (CSA) survivors’ outcomes (Kilroy et al., 2014); however, non-offending parents often report increased psychosocial distress or traumatization following CSA disclosure (Plummer, 2006). The present study explored the relationship between parental factors and child symptomology following CSA. It was hypothesized that parents who report greater difficulties in their parental role will report greater internalizing and externalizing problems for sexually abused youth presenting to a treatment program at a Child Advocacy Center. Participants were 273 parents of sexually abused youth presenting to Project SAFE (Sexual Abuse Family Education) and were 23-72 …

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From Isolation To Communication: Connecting Adults Who Have Hearing Loss With Their Communication Partners, Stephen D. Roberts, Nancy A. Delich

JADARA

As Baby Boomers enter the late adulthood stage of life, hearing loss continues to be one of the most prevalent, chronic, and isolating conditions facing older adults today. Research has focused on the negative consequences of hearing loss on the health and the person’s well-being, but it is equally important to recognize that hearing loss also leads to communication loss. The resulting social isolation and the collateral effects of hearing loss on the communication partner are the focus of this mixed-method study that explored the hearing loss-related quality of life for both parties. Five overarching themes emerged from the analysis, …

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The Relationship Between Social Functioning And Anxiety Symptoms In Preschoolers With Autism, Kaylee L. Cox

Senior Theses

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterized by impairments in social functioning. Furthermore, children with ASD have been found to have high rates of comorbid anxiety. Understanding the relationship between ASD and comorbid anxiety is essential in raising awareness of anxiety symptomology in children with ASD in hopes of better informing treatment and support. The present study examines the relationship between social functioning and general anxiety in children with ASD compared to typically developing (TD) children. The first objective of this study was to examine group differences in social impairments and anxiety symptoms between children diagnosed with ASD and TD children. …

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Never Enough: Assessing Body Image In College-Age Males, Austin T. Coale

Senior Theses

Body image issues are a prevalent issue among college-age students. College-age males specifically suffer from societal pressures of masculinity which manifest in different body image threats and coping strategies that focus on over-exercising and increased muscularity. This study aims to look at two distinct athletic populations of males at the University of South Carolina: yoga and weightlifting. An eleven item survey interrogated three types of coping strategies: avoidance, appearance fixing, and positive rational acceptance. Thirty males were surveyed and found that males participating in yoga reported rates of appearance fixing that were statistically significantly higher than those in the weightlifting …

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The Development Of Cardinal, Ordinal, And Spatial Language In Young Children, Rebecca Bove, Jasmin Lozada, Taiz Garcia, Michael Pierson, Abbey Warwick, Jessica Rothman, Lucy Okrasinski, Jackie Diaz

Psychology

Language is an important aspect of child development. When it comes to numbers, children first learn lists of numbers then give those words meaning (Slusser, Ditta, & Sarnecka, 2013). The more numbers children know, the greater their comprehension of ordinal orders (Brannon & Van de Walle, 2001). When a child is more familiar with ordinal labels, it helps with problem solving skills (Miller, Marcovitch, Boseovski, & Lewowicz, 2015). As for spatial language, it improves from 3- to 5-years (Hund, Bianchi, Winner, & Hesson-Mcinnis, 2017). Our objective was to specify the developmental trajectory of cardinal, ordinal, and spatial language comprehension and …

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Longitudinal Associations Between School Connectedness And Adjustment Problems During Adolescence, Ashley Adams, Victoria Powers, Jake Solka

Psychology

Given that adolescents spend majority of their lives in school, nearly seven hours every day, it is crucial to investigate how their relationship with their school impacts developmental outcomes. Key features of school connectedness, such as support and acceptance from the community, serve as protective factors against development of depression and anxiety symptoms during adolescence (Waters et al., 2009; Joyce & Early, 2014). Further, longitudinal research suggests that school connectedness is negatively correlated with behavioral problems and psychopathology during the adolescent period (Lester et al., 2013; Loukaset al., 2009). Although these relationships have been established, extant research has yet to …

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Examining Biobehavioral Indicators Of Adhd In Children With Fxs, Hannah Pressler

Senior Theses

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity behaviors that are inconsistent with developmental age. Children with fragile X syndrome (FXS), a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder, are often diagnosed with comorbid ADHD (53-59% of males with FXS). Despite the prevalence of ADHD in FXS, little is known about the early manifestation of ADHD. The current project aims to explore group differences in play behaviors between children with FXS and typically developing (TD) children as well as the correlation of infant play behavior and heart activity to future ADHD attention outcomes. Participants included male children with FXS and …

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The Effect Of Physical Activity And S-Equol On Neurogenesis In The Hiv-1 Transgenic Rat, Jeremy M. Lapointe

Senior Theses

The aim of this thesis is to investigate the effect of physical activity and the administration of s-equol on rates of neurogenesis in HIV-1 transgenic rats. HIV-1 is a neurodegenerative disease that leads to the wide range of cognitive impairment described as HAND. Neurogenesis is a newly discovered process that involves the birth of new neurons during our adult life within the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Therefore, inducing neurogenesis may be a proper therapeutic that can mitigate some of the cognitive destruction seen as a result of HIV-1 infection. Physical activity has shown to increase the rate of neurogenesis …

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Eeg Reinvestigations Of Visual Statistical Learning For Faces, Scenes, And Objects, Mei Grace Behrendt, P. Cheng Lim, Aaron T. Halvorsen, Karl Kuntzelman, Matthew R. Johnson

UCARE: Research Products

The objective of this ongoing, replication study is to understand temporal and spatial patterns in our environment by using the technique of electroencephalography (EEG). Visual statistical learning (VSL) helps us to understand conditional probabilities from our environments. This concept is why we know that chairs are located under tables, not above. The goal of this study is to understand whether participants can unconsciously associate pairs of items (faces, scenes, and objects) from their short-term memory. Strong pairs become more similar to each other, as compared to weak pairs, which become less similar. In the main task, participants saw items appear …

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Perceptions Of Identity Transitions: Race And Gender Not Equally Alterable, Maria Sanchez-Rodriguez

Student Scholars Day Posters

Growing acceptance of transgender identities in the absence of parallel shifts regarding race can be perceived as somewhat paradoxical, especially in light of how differently each construct is imagined to be rooted in biology. Perceptions of race and gender as alterable aspects of identity were explored using four identity transition scenarios. Participants’ beliefs about identity transitions were dependent upon both the type of transition and political ideology. Results indicate that identity transitions involving gender (both male to female and female to male) and one race transition (white to black) were perceived similarly whereas the black to white transition was perceived …

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Community Norms For The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (Ede-Q) Among Transgender Men And Women, Jason M. Nagata, Stuart B. Murray, Emilio J. Compte, Erica H. Pak, Rebecca Schauer, Annesa Flentje, Matthew R. Capriotti, Micah E. Lubensky, Mitchell R. Lunn, Juno Obedin-Maliver

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Transgender men and women may be at risk for eating disorders, but prior community norms of the Eating Disorders Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q) are based on presumed cisgender men and woman and have not intentionally included transgender people. The objective of this study was to develop community norms for eating disorder attitudes and disordered eating behaviors in transgender men and women using the EDE-Q. Participants were 312 transgender men and 172 transgender women participants in The PRIDE Study, an existing cohort study of sexual and gender minority people. We present mean scores, standard deviations, and percentile ranks for the Global score …

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Unveiling God In Counseling: The Compatibility Of Christian Theology And The Modern Therapeutic Process, Kelvin Jamaal Mack

Senior Theses

The aim of this thesis is to analyze the compatibility of Christian theology and a modern therapeutic process informed by secularism. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate that the conceptualization of an active God in the therapeutic process is essential for counselors and clients who adhere to the Christian faith. This conceptualization is either missing or altered by therapeutic processes that operate under the worldview assumptions of secularism. This is what is described as the veiling of God. To explore this issue, a four-tiered analytical approach has been invoked. First, a brief history of secularism and its major …

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Isis In Their Own Words: Recruitment History, Motivations For Joining, Travel, Experiences In Isis, And Disillusionment Over Time – Analysis Of 220 In-Depth Interviews Of Isis Returnees, Defectors And Prisoners, Anne Speckhard, Molly D. Ellenberg

Journal of Strategic Security

Two hundred and twenty Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) defectors, returnees, and imprisoned ISIS cadres were in-depth interviewed by the author, a research psychologist working for the International Center for the Study of Violent Extremism (ICSVE) from 2015-2019. These interviews were conducted in Turkey, Iraq, Syria, the Balkans, Europe, and Central Asia with ISIS prisoners, returnees, and defectors. The purpose was to learn about their recruitment history, motivations for joining, travel, experiences inside the group, disillusionment over time, and defection, return or capture. This article reports on a sample of both male and female former ISIS members representing …

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Differential Predictors Of Youths' Intentional And Spontaneous Help-Seeking Decisions, Christopher Melecio, Tyler Pederson

Psychology

The present study examined how individual, romantic, and family characteristics differentiated diverse youth’s desire to seek out relationship help currently and prospectively. Results highlighted various characteristics that contributed to youth’s current and future intentions to seek relational help. These findings are useful for clinicians to promote help-seeking behaviors in youth.

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Academic Self-Efficacy, Learned Helplessness, And Gpa Among White And Racially Minoritized Students, Mary Wallace

Psychology

Purpose: Racial disparity in academic performance has been well-documented (e.g., Oyserman & Lewis, 2017), but reasons that explain such disparity need more scholarly attention as they could be intervention targets. Among other psychological mechanisms, this study examined two socio-cognitive barriers of low self-efficacy and negative outcome expectations (Bandura, 1986). They were operationalized as low academic self-efficacy (one’s conception of their ability to perform academic achievement; Gerardi, 2005) and learned helplessness (a sense of lack of control over one’s actions due to perceived repeated negative outcomes; Smallheer, 2011). I hypothesized that racial membership (i.e., White vs. students of color) would be …

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Hopefulness: Explaining The Link Between Self-Affirmation And Self-Esteem, Taylor Ullrich, Stephanie Ivanoff

Psychology

Problem or Major Purpose: The present study examines the association among self-affirmation, hope,and self-esteem. Self-affirmation is a process that involves compensating for threatened domains of one's self-worth (e.g., feeling unintelligent after failing a test) by being reminded of positive aspects of one's identity that are not threatened (e.g., feeling positive about being a loving sister); the tendency to self-affirm has been linked to decreased perceptions of threat, and thus may increase faith in one's ability to achieve positive outcomes (i.e., hope) and ultimately bolster self-esteem (Sherman & Cohen, 2006; Tesser, 2000). Given that hope has been linked to accomplishing goals …

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Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network

Cooking During Covid | ‘Quarantine Avocado Pasta’, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

Cooking During Covid | Vegan Smoothie Bowl | Prepping Lunches, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

Uptown Athens | Missing Ginger, Wings Over Athens, Ohio University College Of Arts & Sciences

All Forum Articles

Elementary General And Special Educators' Efficacy Teaching Students With Disabilities, Morgan Johnson

Psychology

Does Discrimination Evoke An Orientation Toward Materialistic Values, Alexandra Horton, Tyler Pederson

Psychology

What's On Your Mind? Applying A Neurocognitive Model Of Emotion Regulation To Attachment, Kate Hart

Psychology

Learning Continuous Action-Effect Contingencies Through Observation, Yonca Cam, Makayla Smullin

Psychology

The Demeaning Sociocognitive Attitudes Of Bullies, Megan Donnelly

Psychology

From Archives To Center, Dorothy Gruich

Hail We Akron!

A Biopsychosocial Interpretation Of The Function Of Religion Evolutionary Perspectives, Jamesian Principles, And Consequential Effects, Austin Avison

Student Scholars Day Oral Presentations

Mothers' Hand Preference During Dyadic Play Experience With Infants, Shaunta Caffey

Psychology

A Monte Carlo Analysis Of Thorndike's Indirect Range Restriction Correction Equations, Michael Thomas Pelayo

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Social Media Rumination: The Impact Of Materialistic Value Orientation, Keeley Hynes

Psychology

Temperament And Aggression In Early Childhood, Samantha Croney, Riley Cronin

Psychology

Symptom Presentation Of Sexually Abused Youth At A Child Advocacy Center: An Examination Of Parental Factors, Erika Boohar, Chelsey Wisehart, Kelsey Mccoy, David J. Hansen

UCARE: Research Products

From Isolation To Communication: Connecting Adults Who Have Hearing Loss With Their Communication Partners, Stephen D. Roberts, Nancy A. Delich

JADARA

The Relationship Between Social Functioning And Anxiety Symptoms In Preschoolers With Autism, Kaylee L. Cox

Senior Theses

Never Enough: Assessing Body Image In College-Age Males, Austin T. Coale

Senior Theses

The Development Of Cardinal, Ordinal, And Spatial Language In Young Children, Rebecca Bove, Jasmin Lozada, Taiz Garcia, Michael Pierson, Abbey Warwick, Jessica Rothman, Lucy Okrasinski, Jackie Diaz

Psychology

Longitudinal Associations Between School Connectedness And Adjustment Problems During Adolescence, Ashley Adams, Victoria Powers, Jake Solka

Psychology

Examining Biobehavioral Indicators Of Adhd In Children With Fxs, Hannah Pressler

Senior Theses

The Effect Of Physical Activity And S-Equol On Neurogenesis In The Hiv-1 Transgenic Rat, Jeremy M. Lapointe

Senior Theses

Eeg Reinvestigations Of Visual Statistical Learning For Faces, Scenes, And Objects, Mei Grace Behrendt, P. Cheng Lim, Aaron T. Halvorsen, Karl Kuntzelman, Matthew R. Johnson

UCARE: Research Products

Perceptions Of Identity Transitions: Race And Gender Not Equally Alterable, Maria Sanchez-Rodriguez

Student Scholars Day Posters

Community Norms For The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (Ede-Q) Among Transgender Men And Women, Jason M. Nagata, Stuart B. Murray, Emilio J. Compte, Erica H. Pak, Rebecca Schauer, Annesa Flentje, Matthew R. Capriotti, Micah E. Lubensky, Mitchell R. Lunn, Juno Obedin-Maliver

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Unveiling God In Counseling: The Compatibility Of Christian Theology And The Modern Therapeutic Process, Kelvin Jamaal Mack

Senior Theses

Isis In Their Own Words: Recruitment History, Motivations For Joining, Travel, Experiences In Isis, And Disillusionment Over Time – Analysis Of 220 In-Depth Interviews Of Isis Returnees, Defectors And Prisoners, Anne Speckhard, Molly D. Ellenberg

Journal of Strategic Security

Differential Predictors Of Youths' Intentional And Spontaneous Help-Seeking Decisions, Christopher Melecio, Tyler Pederson

Psychology

Academic Self-Efficacy, Learned Helplessness, And Gpa Among White And Racially Minoritized Students, Mary Wallace

Psychology

Hopefulness: Explaining The Link Between Self-Affirmation And Self-Esteem, Taylor Ullrich, Stephanie Ivanoff

Psychology