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Numerically Predicted Changes In The Circulation Of The Gulf Of Mexico Accompanying A Simulated Hurricane Passage, David F. Paskausky Jan 1971

Numerically Predicted Changes In The Circulation Of The Gulf Of Mexico Accompanying A Simulated Hurricane Passage, David F. Paskausky

Journal of Marine Research

To obtain a quasi-steady-state basic circulation pattern for the Gulf of Mexico, a barotropic prognostic numerical model, with no changes in input conditions and with sufficient friction, has been used. It has been found that a simulated hurricane that would theoretically pass across the Gulf of Mexico from the Yucatan Strait to a point just east of the Mississippi Delta would generate a two-centered cyclonic flow region in the western Gulf waters, with a remnant of the steady-state anticyclonic flow in the northwestern corner....


Free Oscillations In A Beta-Plane Ocean, H. O. Mofjeld, Maurice Rattray Jr. Jan 1971

Free Oscillations In A Beta-Plane Ocean, H. O. Mofjeld, Maurice Rattray Jr.

Journal of Marine Research

This paper is concerned with the free oscillations in a rectangular equatorial beta-plane model of large oceans with a free surface placed symmetrically on the equator. With the depth constant and the stratification horizontally uniform, the motion may be separated into vertical modes, each having free oscillations....


Distribution Of Suspended Oil Particles Following The Grounding Of The Tanker Arrow, W. D. Forrester Jan 1971

Distribution Of Suspended Oil Particles Following The Grounding Of The Tanker Arrow, W. D. Forrester

Journal of Marine Research

While taking oceanographic observations in Chedabucto Bay, Nova Scotia, following the grounding of the tanker ARROW on February 4, I 970, small (5 µ to 1 or 2 mm) oil particles were found in the water column. The particles were collected with plankton nets and water bottles. This paper discusses the origin of the particles, their distribution in size and in depth, and the transport of particles out of Chedabucto Bay into the open ocean....


Detailed Temperature Cross Section Of The Cold-Water Belt Along The Northern Edge Of The Kuroshio, Yutaka Nagata Jan 1970

Detailed Temperature Cross Section Of The Cold-Water Belt Along The Northern Edge Of The Kuroshio, Yutaka Nagata

Journal of Marine Research

On the basis of BT observations made at intervals of about one mile, a detailed temperature cross section of the cold-water belt along the northern edge of the Kuroshio is presented. Cold waters and sharp temperature inversions have been observed on the southern and northern margins of the cold-water belt. Within the cold-water belt, except in a narrow noninversion area, many temperature inversion layers have been observed, and the colder and warmer waters are arranged in a complicated pattern....


The Distribution Of Iodine And Bromine In The Sediments Of The Southwestern Barents Sea, N. B. Price, S. E. Calvert, P. G.W. Jones Jan 1970

The Distribution Of Iodine And Bromine In The Sediments Of The Southwestern Barents Sea, N. B. Price, S. E. Calvert, P. G.W. Jones

Journal of Marine Research

In 42 surface sediments from the southwestern Barents Sea, iodine and bromine ranged from 60 to 828 p.p.m. and 12 to 257 p.p.m., respectively. In the surface environment, both I and Br are related to organic matter; the dependence of halogens on the grain size of the sediment is small....


Ocean Currents Above The Continental Shelf Off Oregon As Measured With A Single Array Of Current Meters, Curtis A. Collins, June G. Pattullo Jan 1970

Ocean Currents Above The Continental Shelf Off Oregon As Measured With A Single Array Of Current Meters, Curtis A. Collins, June G. Pattullo

Journal of Marine Research

Ocean currents were measured with meters moored above the Oregon continental shelf during four periods of about 25 days each----in July, September, and October 1965 and in February 1966. The data are described with histograms and progressive vector diagrams. Velocity variations having a frequency lower than one cycle in two days were associated with similar variations in wind in the alongshore direction....


Complex Generalization Of Canonical Correlation And Its Application To A Sea-Level Study, Motoyasu Miyata Jan 1970

Complex Generalization Of Canonical Correlation And Its Application To A Sea-Level Study, Motoyasu Miyata

Journal of Marine Research

The concept of multiple coherence is generalized to study the association between two sets of time series. "Intergroup coherence" is introduced as a measure of the linear relationship between the time histories at a collection of points and the time histories at a different collection of points. This theory is applied to a spectral analysis of marigrams from Canton Island.


The Influence Of Deposit-Feeding Organisms On Sediment Stability And Community Trophic Structure, David K. Young Jan 1970

The Influence Of Deposit-Feeding Organisms On Sediment Stability And Community Trophic Structure, David K. Young

Journal of Marine Research

Deposit-feeding and suspension-feeding benthos in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, show marked spatial separation; suspension feeders are largely confined to sandy or firm mud bottoms while deposit feeders attain high densities on soft muddy substrata. Food source and bottom stability have been investigated as potential factors effecting this trophic-group separation....


California Undercurrent Off Northern Baja California, Warren S. Wooster, James H. Jones Jan 1970

California Undercurrent Off Northern Baja California, Warren S. Wooster, James H. Jones

Journal of Marine Research

The California Undercurrent is a subthermocline poleward flow of warm and salty lowoxygen water along the coasts of California and Baja California. The salinity maximum is centered on the isanosteric surface of thermosteric anomaly 150 cl/t, and the region influenced by this circulation is shown by the distribution of salinity on that surface (at depths of 250-300 m)....


A High-Resolution Sub-Bottom Profiling System For Use In Ocean Basin, T. C. Moore Jr., L. D. Kulm Jan 1970

A High-Resolution Sub-Bottom Profiling System For Use In Ocean Basin, T. C. Moore Jr., L. D. Kulm

Journal of Marine Research

A new high-frequency (3.5-kHz) sub-bottom profiling system is capable of relatively deep penetration into sedimentary deposits, with good resolution of thin reflecting layers. This system has been operated at cruising speeds up to 11 knots and gives up to 0.15 seconds of penetration....


Current Fine Structure In The Florida Current, Robert O. Plaisted, William S. Richardson Jan 1970

Current Fine Structure In The Florida Current, Robert O. Plaisted, William S. Richardson

Journal of Marine Research

The current profile to a depth of 120 m has been measured in the Florida Current with a resolution of about 1 m in the vertical. The profile reveals a complex fine structure with regions of high shear.


More Bathymetric Evidence For Block Faulting On The Gorda Rise, Donald F. Heinrichs Jan 1970

More Bathymetric Evidence For Block Faulting On The Gorda Rise, Donald F. Heinrichs

Journal of Marine Research

A detailed bathymetric survey of the crest and axial valley of the Gorda Rise, between 41°10' to 41° 29'N and 127°15' to 127°36'W, has revealed several pronounced continuous benches. The most prominent benches are at depths of 2400 and 2800 m. The regional bathymetry is consistent with a block-faulting origin for the topography of the Gorda Rise.


Tsunami Response At Wake Island: A Model Study, Wm. G. Van Dorn Jan 1970

Tsunami Response At Wake Island: A Model Study, Wm. G. Van Dorn

Journal of Marine Research

The amplitude response to periodic plane waves incident upon an undistorted model of Wake Island on a scale of 57,500:1 was determined for a number of frequencies covering the long-wave portion of the wave spectrum and from three different directions….


Tsunami Response At Wake Island: Comparison Of The Hydraulic And Numerical Approaches, A. C. Vastano, R. O. Reid Jan 1970

Tsunami Response At Wake Island: Comparison Of The Hydraulic And Numerical Approaches, A. C. Vastano, R. O. Reid

Journal of Marine Research

A comparison is made between two different methods of estimating, at an island, the water-level response associated with incident plane gravity waves of periods characteristic of tsunamis. Van Dorn (1970) has investigated, by means of a laboratory model on an undistorted scale, the amplitude response versus the period and azimuth for Wake Island....


Wave-Particle Velocities, Kern E. Kenyon Jan 1970

Wave-Particle Velocities, Kern E. Kenyon

Journal of Marine Research

Shonting (1966, 1967, 1968) has measured a number of ocean-wave particle velocities at Buzzards Bay Entrance Light Station (BBELS) with a ducted current meter….


Seasonal Primary Production In Antarctic Sea Ice At Mcmurdo Sound In 1967, J. S. Bunt, C. C. Lee Jan 1970

Seasonal Primary Production In Antarctic Sea Ice At Mcmurdo Sound In 1967, J. S. Bunt, C. C. Lee

Journal of Marine Research

Between late June and early December 1967, observations were made at numerous stations in McMurdo Sound in the Antarctic. This paper, dealing primarily with Sts. A and H in the Hut Point region, provides some new physico-chemical data on the ice habitat as well as information on the development of microalgal populations in the sea ice, data on levels of chlorophyll a and particulate carbon, and results of periodic laboratory measurements of C14 fixation.


Mass Transport Induced By Wave Motion, Norden E. Huang Jan 1970

Mass Transport Induced By Wave Motion, Norden E. Huang

Journal of Marine Research

The problem of mass transport induced by waves is re-examined. Under the usual boundary-layer assumptions, the whole field is divided into three regions: surface-boundary layers, bottom-boundary layers, and the inviscid interior. Then, by considering Reynolds stress in the boundary layers, an expression of the mass-transport velocity in the viscous fluid is derived....


A Sea-Air Interaction Deep-Ocean Buoy, K. L. Warsh, M. Garstang, P. L. Grose Jan 1970

A Sea-Air Interaction Deep-Ocean Buoy, K. L. Warsh, M. Garstang, P. L. Grose

Journal of Marine Research

A stable spar buoy, TRITON, has been developed as a platform for sea-air boundary-layer measurements in the deep ocean. The buoy has operated for 60 days on station in the tropical Atlantic and for seven days in the Gulf of Mexico….


Eddy Friction In The Ocean, John A.T. Bye Jan 1970

Eddy Friction In The Ocean, John A.T. Bye

Journal of Marine Research

The scalar energy spectrum of steady isotropic two-dimensional turbulence is derived for two-dimensional motion in a homogeneous ocean in which the dissipation occurs in a bottom-friction layer. The significant property of the spectrum is a range of wave numbers in which the mean-squared vorticity is conserved and energy is transferred to the friction layer....


Sediment Budget In A Deep-Sea Core From The Central Equatorial Pacific, G. Ross Heath, Theodore C. Moore Jr., B. L.K. Somayajulu, David S. Cronan Jan 1970

Sediment Budget In A Deep-Sea Core From The Central Equatorial Pacific, G. Ross Heath, Theodore C. Moore Jr., B. L.K. Somayajulu, David S. Cronan

Journal of Marine Research

Stratigraphic, mineralogic, chemical, and geochronologic measurements on a core from 8°20'N, 153°W show that sediment has been accumulating at a rate of 160 g/cm2/106 years. Of this, 125 g is "fresh" Quaternary sediment while the remainder is lower and middle Tertiary material eroded from nearby outcrops....


Foraminiferal And Sedimentological Evidence Far Uplift Of The Deep-Sea Floor, Gorda Rise, Northeastern Pacific, Gerald A. Fowler, L. D. Kulm Jan 1970

Foraminiferal And Sedimentological Evidence Far Uplift Of The Deep-Sea Floor, Gorda Rise, Northeastern Pacific, Gerald A. Fowler, L. D. Kulm

Journal of Marine Research

Displaced benthic Foraminifera in semiconsolidated clayey sandstone from the Gorda Rise provide evidence for uplift of the deep-sea floor. The sediment was deposited by turbidity currents on the floor of the Escanaba Trough (the axial valley of the Gorda Rise) from a sublittoral source on the continental margin to the east....


On The Anomalous Deep Water South Of The Aleutian Islands, R. K. Reed Jan 1970

On The Anomalous Deep Water South Of The Aleutian Islands, R. K. Reed

Journal of Marine Research

Several oceanographers have concluded that Pacific deep water enters the North Pacific from the southern hemisphere and is warmed along its northerly path of flow. The deep water near the Aleutian Trench, however, is noticeably colder than the water lying between it and 30°N in the region east of 170°E. Knauss (1962) attributed this condition to the rising of colder water from below; Gordon and Gerard (1970) were unable to find a path of flow into the northern region....


Seawater Alkalinity Determination By The Ph Method, Charles Culberson, R. M. Pytkowicz, J. E. Hawley Jan 1970

Seawater Alkalinity Determination By The Ph Method, Charles Culberson, R. M. Pytkowicz, J. E. Hawley

Journal of Marine Research

The coefficient fH used in the seawater alkalinity method of Anderson and Robinson (1946), has been redetermined at 25°C. We have found that fH = 0.741 ±0,005 for salinities between 30‰ and 41‰….


Fine-Sediment Dispersal In The Gulf Of San Miguel, Western Gulf Of Panama: A Reconnaissance, Donald J.P. Swift, R. Gordon Pirie Jan 1970

Fine-Sediment Dispersal In The Gulf Of San Miguel, Western Gulf Of Panama: A Reconnaissance, Donald J.P. Swift, R. Gordon Pirie

Journal of Marine Research

The Gulf of San Miguel, 30 km wide at its mouth and extending 40 km inland, is the estuary of river systems that drain eastern Panama. The Gulf consists of a central scour channel up to 36 m deep, flanked by semicircular bays. The tide has a range of up to 7 m, and maximum surface tidal currents average 200 cm/sec on the flood tide and 230 cm/sec on the ebb tide....


Circulation In The Amazon River Estuary And Adjacent Atlantic Ocean, Ronald J. Gibbs Jan 1970

Circulation In The Amazon River Estuary And Adjacent Atlantic Ocean, Ronald J. Gibbs

Journal of Marine Research

A preliminary survey of the water circulation in the Amazon estuary and adjacent ocean was conducted during both low-river and high-river dischar ge. Results indicate that, due to the river's large discharge, no salt-water wedge (35‰) enters the Amazon estuary during either low-river or high-river discharge....


The Distribution Of Mesopelagic Fishes In The Equatorial And Western North Atlantic Ocean, Richard H. Backus, James E. Craddock, Richard L. Haedrich, David L. Shores Jan 1970

The Distribution Of Mesopelagic Fishes In The Equatorial And Western North Atlantic Ocean, Richard H. Backus, James E. Craddock, Richard L. Haedrich, David L. Shores

Journal of Marine Research

Examination of about 290 midwater trawl hauls made to a depth of 1000 m in the equatorial and western North Atlantic Ocean from 1961 to 1968 suggests that at least 10 physical boundaries determine the ranges of mesopelagic fishes. The boundaries delimit six pelagic regions----the Slope Water Region, the Northern Sargasso Sea, the Southern Sargasso Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and the Amazonian Region----and partly delimit four others----the Eastern Gyre and the Labrador, Lesser Antillean, and Guinean regions....


The Equatorial Undercurrent At 170°E In March And April 1967, Philippe Hisard, Jacques Merle, Bruno Voituriez Jan 1970

The Equatorial Undercurrent At 170°E In March And April 1967, Philippe Hisard, Jacques Merle, Bruno Voituriez

Journal of Marine Research

In 1967 the R. V. CORIOLIS undertook five cruises along the 170°E meridian in order to investigate the relationships between the sea-surface conditions and the occurrence of the Equatorial Undercurrent; this paper deals primarily with the March and April cruises. The Equatorial Undercurrent was observed as a double-cell structure....


The Decay And Stability Of Internal Wave Modes In A Multisheeted Thermocline, Bryan Johns, Michael J. Cross Jan 1970

The Decay And Stability Of Internal Wave Modes In A Multisheeted Thermocline, Bryan Johns, Michael J. Cross

Journal of Marine Research

Internal wave motions are considered in a thermocline that consists of thin sheets across which there are abrupt changes in the density. These sheets are separated by homogeneous layers of water in which there is turbulent mixing. Investigations have been undertaken to determine the dependence of both the rate of energy dissipation and the dynamical stability upon the number of sheets in the thermocline....


Concentrations Of Particulate Iron In Atlantic Open-Ocean Water, Peter R. Betzer, Michael E.Q. Pilson Jan 1970

Concentrations Of Particulate Iron In Atlantic Open-Ocean Water, Peter R. Betzer, Michael E.Q. Pilson

Journal of Marine Research

Measurements of particulate iron concentrations have been carried out on samples from the western Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. Water samples were collected in 30-l Niskin bottles; iron analyses were done by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The average of 184 iron determinations on shallow open-ocean water (0-300 m) was 0.177 µg/l; the average of 112 determinations on deep water (500-7535 m) was 0.255 µg/l....


Recent Dissolved-Oxygen Measurements In The Gulf Of Mexico Deep Waters, Worth D. Nowlin Jr., David F. Paskausky, Hugh J. Mclellan Jan 1969

Recent Dissolved-Oxygen Measurements In The Gulf Of Mexico Deep Waters, Worth D. Nowlin Jr., David F. Paskausky, Hugh J. Mclellan

Journal of Marine Research

In 1963 it was suggested that rather large gradients in dissolved oxygen exist in the Gulf of Mexico below a sill depth of between 1500 m and 1900 m. However, measurements made on three cruises during 1966 and 1967 indicate that there is no clearly discernable horizontal variation in dissolved oxygen in these waters....