Digital Commons Network^™

Health Behaviors Predicting Risk Of Obesity In Us Adults: What Does A Healthy Lifestyle Look Like?, Jacqueline Vernarelli, Jessica R. Kiel, Christopher D. Coleman, Satya S. Jonnalagadda

Public Health Faculty Publications

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine the association between lifestyle factors and body weight in a nationally representative sample of US adults and to evaluate the association between a novel “Healthy Habits Composite Score (HHCS)” and risk of obesity.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included data from 4870 adults who participated in the 2017–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The HHCS was developed based on 4 factors: diet, physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep, all of which were measured during the NHANES. A “healthy lifestyle” was defined as meeting ≥3 of the 4 established criteria. Data …

Longevity,Feeding Behavior, And Egg Production Of Adult House Flies (Musca Domestica) Provided With Potential Farm Foods, Anna Elise Grimenstein

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

House flies (Musca domestica) are cosmopolitan pests to both humans and livestock, and they can vector many diseases. House flies are especially associated with livestock facilities, as adult flies lay eggs in rotting organic matter such as manure. While it is understood that the diet an adult fly receives can affect biological parameters such as longevity and egg production, not much research has been done to address foods that are accessible to house flies in their natural habitat. The present study examined the longevity, feeding behavior, and egg production rates of adult house flies given different foods they would have …

The Energetics Of Seasonality In Wild Diademed Sifaka (Propithecus Diadema): A Technical And Biological Validation Of Fecal Triiodothyronine Radioimmunassay, Casey Farmer

Graduate Research Theses & Dissertations

The energetic state of an animal has vital consequences for its fitness, but it can be difficult to detect through behavioral observations. The development of techniques to determine an animals’ energetic state non-invasively would allow conservation planners to rapidly assess the energy balance and conservation potential of individuals, groups, and populations. Thyroid hormones like triiodothyronine (T3) regulate and reflect metabolic state in mammals. T3 is a non-invasive biomarker that can be detected in feces and could potentially be used for this purpose. I perform the first validation of a commercially available T3 radioimmunoassay designed for humans on a wild strepsirrhine …

Effect Of Chronic Cyclic Heat Stress And Supplemented Inorganic And Organic Zinc Source Levels On Grow-Finish Pig Growth Performance And Estimated Body Composition, Kayla M. Mills, Julie A. Mahoney, Alan W. Duttlinger, Sarah K. Elefson, John S. Radcliffe, Zachary J. Rambo, Brian T. Richert

Animal and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Zinc (Zn) supplementation has proved to mitigate the effects of heat stress with varying effects evident with Zn source during acute heat events. However, the effects of Zn supplementation during long-term summer weather patterns have yet to be explored. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify the effects of supplementation source and level of Zn to mitigate the negative effects of long-term, cyclic heat stress in finishing swine. Six hundred cross-bred pigs were housed under thermoneutral (TN) or cyclic heat (HS) conditions simulating summer heat with acute 3-d heat waves for a 70-d study. Thermoneutral conditions were 16.7 …

The Iris Clinic: A Protocol For A Mixed-Methods Study Evaluating The Management Of Hyperemesis Gravidarum, Eileen C. O'Brien, Jean Doherty, Sarah Louise Killeen, Melanie Bennett, Lillian Murtagh, Sinead Curran, Suzanne Murphy, Helen Mchale, Lucille Sheehy

Articles

Background: Hyperemesis Gravidarum (HG) is a severe form of nausea and vomiting in pregnancy that affects 0.3–3% of women and has profound nutritional, physical and psychological consequences. Research is lacking regarding the most effective management of the condition. In response to patient feedback, a multidisciplinary HG day-case service (IRIS Clinic) was launched in 2020 at The National Maternity Hospital, Ireland. The clinic provides routine, day-case care in a comfortable space with pre-booked appointments. The MDT involves midwives, dietitians, perinatal mental health, obstetrics and pharmacy, and the nature of the clinic enables peer-to-peer support. As this clinic is the first of …

Editorial: Intersection Of Diet, Intestinal Microbiota, And Their Metabolites On Cancer Prevention, Nancy D. Turner, Tiffany L. Weir, Jacques Izard

Journal Articles: Internal Medicine

No abstract provided.

Hepatic Mrna Expression Of Innate And Adaptive Immune Genes In Beef Steers With Divergent Residual Body Weight Gain, Deborah Ologunagba

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Immune system function is critical to maintaining the health and increasing productivity of cattle, affecting both their growth and their disease resistance. In an efficient immune system, the liver assumes an integral function in detoxification and metabolic processes and contributes substantially to overall production and immunity. In this study, we evaluated the hepatic mRNA expression of genes involved in innate and adaptive immunity in crossbred beef steers with either a positive or negative residual body weight gain (RADG). Positive-RADG beef steers (n = 8; RADG = 0.76 kg/d) and negative-RADG beef steers (n = 8; RADG = -0.64 kg/d) were …

Nutritional Importance Of Animal-Sourced Foods In A Healthy Diet, Sydney Sheffield, Marta L Fiorotto, Teresa A Davis

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Animal-sourced foods, such as meats, poultry, eggs, milk, and fish are nutrient-dense foods that are rich sources of protein, essential amino acids, and micronutrients that can be challenging to obtain solely through plant-based foods. Animal-sourced protein foods provide crucial nutrients that support the growth and development in children, maintenance of muscle mass and function in adults, gain in muscle mass and strength in exercising individuals, and mitigation of sarcopenia in the elderly. The 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans have identified the important role of animal-sourced foods in the diet at every stage of life. Animal-sourced foods are consumed worldwide and …

Poor Nutrition Status Associated With Low Patient Satisfaction Six Months Into Treatment For Head And Neck/Esophageal Cancer Treatment: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study, Adrianne M. Widaman, Andrew G. Day, Maggie A. Kuhn, Rupinder Dhaliwal, Vickie Baracos, Merran Findlay, Judith D. Bauer, Marian De Van Der Schueren, Alessandro Laviano, Lisa Martin, Leah Gramlich

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

Background: Patient-reported outcome measures have been associated with survival in oncology patients. Altered intake and malnutrition are common symptoms for patients treated for head and neck cancer and esophageal cancer (HNC/EC). The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between patient-reported satisfaction with medical care and nutrition status. Methods: This prospective cohort study collected data from 11 international cancer care sites. Results: One hundred and sixtythree adult patients (n = 115 HNC; n = 48 EC) completed a patient satisfaction questionnaire (the Canadian Health Care Evaluation Project Lite) and were included. HNC/EC patient global satisfaction with medical care …

Effect Of Farming Region And Commercial Size On Nutrition And Flavor Quality Of Turbot （Scophthalmus Maximus）, Zhuang Xiaomei, Guo Quanyou, Zheng Yao, Wei Banghong, Yang Xu

Food and Machinery

Objective: Investigating the effects of farming region and commercial size on the nutrition and flavor quality of Scophthalmus maximus. Methods: Farming turbot of three regions, namely, Rushan, Haiyang and Suizhong, and two typical commercially available sizes, 450～750 and 750～1 250 g, were selected for this study to compare their nutrient composition and flavor substances. Used principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis to visualize the differences between different groups and to identify the nutritional indicators in differentiate farming region and commercial size. Results: The protein and collagen content of turbot in the Rushan and Haiyang regions …

The Nurse's Lived Experience Of Transferring Nutrition Knowledge To Patients: A Descriptive Phenomenology, Kendrah Lynne Cunningham

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

This descriptive phenomenological qualitative study aimed to gain insight into the nurse’s lived experience of transferring nutrition knowledge to patients. Nurses play an important role in assisting the patient to become more proficient in health and nutrition literacy to make proper choices related to their nutrition. It is necessary to evaluate the lived experience of the nurse in transferring nutrition knowledge to patients. There is a gap in the literature on nurses’ experience in providing nutrition knowledge to their patients. This descriptive phenomenological qualitative study examines the lived experience of nurses in transferring nutrition education to their patients. This was …

Diet And Nutrition In Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review Of The Literature, Scott Manski, Nicholas Noverati, Tatiana Policarpo, Emily Rubin, Raina Shivashankar

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Faculty Papers

Diet is thought to contribute to the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and may act as a mediator of inflammation in patients with IBD. Patients commonly associate their diet with symptoms and inquire about dietary modifications to manage their IBD. Without clinical guidelines and well-established nutritional data, healthcare providers managing patients with IBD may find it difficult to provide recommendations. Strong evidence for enteral nutrition, particularly in the pediatric population, has been established in Crohn's disease (CD) as a therapeutic option. Enteral nutrition may also serve as an adjunct to an exclusion diet. Recent studies such as the randomized …

A Comparative Analysis Of The Water Use And Nutritional Value For California Commodities, Helen M. Lee, Giselle A. Pignotti, Kasuen Mauldin, John Gieng

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

To create a more sustainable food system, this study analyzed the water use and nutritional data for California commodities. The data were separated into quadrants based on median scores, with results that include a list of commodities lower in agricultural water use while being higher in nutritional value. Because the agricultural sector is the dominant water user, there is an opportunity here to influence growers, consumers and policymakers to choose and support the growth of foods that would reduce water consumption while still providing beneficial nutrients. The goal of this paper is to educate the public on this important issue.

An Analysis Of Physical Wellness During Pregnancy, Mary Elizabeth Reynolds-Licciardello

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

There is a lack of proper physical wellness increasing in society. This qualitative phenomenological study explored physical wellness during pregnancy using the theoretic framework of Social Cognitive Theory to show perceptions and lived experiences of women who are pregnant or who have been pregnant in the past three years. Three research questions were the focus of this qualitative study. RQ1: what aspects of physical wellness are important to women who are pregnant? RQ2: what are women’s physical wellness experiences during pregnancy? RQ3: how are women who are pregnant educated about physical wellness? Ten women in central Florida who are pregnant …

Changes In Energy Expenditure, Dietary Intake, And Energy Availability Across An Entire Collegiate Women’S Basketball Season: Erratum, Breyannah R. Zanders, Brad S. Currier, Patrick Harty, Hannah A. Zabriskie, Charles R. Smith, Richard A. Stecker, Scott R. Richmond, Andrew R. Jagim, Chad Kerksick

Faculty Scholarship

Erratum

Protocol To Evaluate The Effectiveness And Cost-Effectiveness Of An Environmental Nutrition And Physical Activity Intervention In Nurseries (Nutrition And Physical Activity Self Assessment For Child Care - Nap Sacc Uk): A Multicentre Cluster Randomised Controlled Trial, Ruth Kipping, Miranda Pallan, Kim Hannam, Kate Willis, Alex Dobell, Chris Metcalfe, Russell Jago, Laura Johnson, Rebecca Langford, Corby K. Martin, William Hollingworth, Madeleine Cochrane, James White, Pete Blair, Zoi Toumpakari, Jodi Taylor, Dianne Ward, Laurence Moore, Tom Reid, Megan Pardoe, Liping Wen, Marie Murphy, Anne Martin, Stephanie Chambers, Sharon Anne Simpson

Clinical Research Faculty Publications

Background: One in seven UK children have obesity when starting school, with higher prevalence associated with deprivation. Most pre-school children do not meet UK recommendations for physical activity and nutrition. Formal childcare settings provide opportunities to deliver interventions to improve nutritional quality and physical activity to the majority of 3–4-year-olds. The nutrition and physical activity self-assessment for childcare (NAP SACC) intervention has demonstrated effectiveness in the USA with high acceptability in the UK. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the NAP SACC UK intervention to increase physical activity, reduce sedentary time and improve nutritional intake. Methods: …

Adolescent Diet Quality, Cardiometabolic Risk, And Adiposity: A Prospective Cohort, Kathy Hu, Alyssa M. Button, Claire M. Tate, Chelsea L. Kracht, Catherine M. Champagne, Amanda E. Staiano

Population and Public Health Science Faculty Publications

Objective: Examine the prospective association among diet with adolescent cardiometabolic risk (CMR) and anthropometrics. Methods: Secondary analysis of an observational study of adolescents aged 10–16 years. Twenty-four-hour food recalls were used to calculate Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) scores. Anthropometrics were assessed using magnetic resonance imaging, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and height/weight measurements. CMR included mean arterial pressure, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides. Associations between HEI-2015 score at baseline with follow-up adiposity and CMR were examined using regression models. Results: A total of 192 adolescents were included. Baseline HEI-2015 scores were inversely associated with follow-up total …

Continuing Education Program For Paraprofessionals At The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program For Women, Infants, And Children, Brianna Ussery

Student Projects for Graduate Degrees

The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) in Alaska uses paraprofessionals to determine nutrition risk and provide education for their clients. Through discussions with administration and other staff at Alaska’s state WIC office, it was determined that there was a need for more in-depth nutrition education for paraprofessionals. Specific educational topics were identified by WIC nutrition experts and from client feedback. These topics included vitamin D, iron, portion sizes, picky eating and bottle weaning, and food safety. An e-learning portfolio was developed around these 5 topics to provide further education for paraprofessionals through stand-alone modules. This …

Smartphone Education For Alaska Special Supplemental Program For Women, Infants, And Children (Wic) Participants, Karen Marie Cutler

Student Projects for Graduate Degrees

The State of Alaska Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) offers nutrition education for low-income women and children, addressing the nutrition knowledge gap among low-income parents to improve health outcomes. However, the State of Alaska WIC program does not currently use smartphone apps for participant education even though the population served by WIC generally relies on smartphones for trusted information. For this project, a template for WIC smartphone education modules was developed, accompanied by a style guide with format recommendations and platform information that can be used in the creation of future education modules. A sample …

Effect Of Onion Peel Bioactive Compounds On Gut Microbiome Of Obese Adults, Saad Al-Din Sifat

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Obesity, a pervasive global health concern, involves a complex interplay between genetic factors, dietary patterns, and the gut microbiota. Onion peels are rich in polyphenols and known for their antioxidant properties. However, the effects of in-vitro digested onion peel extract has not been investigated thus far. This study therefore assesses the effects of digested bioactive compounds from onion peels, emphasizing gut microbiota shift and metabolites. Onion peel extract (OPE), digested onion peel extract (DOPE), and solid-phase-extracted digested onion peel extracts (SPE-DOPE) were analyzed for total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity. SPE-DOPE exhibited the highest TPC and antioxidant activity. Fecal …

Investigating The Role Of Maternal Adiposity On Human Breast Milk And Preterm Infant Stool Short Chain Fatty Acid And Microbiome Profiles, Kristy L. Thomas

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Preterm birth is the number one cause of death in neonates, accounting for 35% of neonatal mortality. The preterm birth rate in the U.S. in 2021 was 10.5%, disproportionally affected by race and ethnicity. Obese women have an increased risk of preterm pregnancy, and if delivered before 37 weeks of gestation, the offspring have higher rates of complications that extend from the neonatal period into life-long metabolic and immune adverse outcomes. In the early months after delivery, preterm infants have higher rates of adverse health outcomes than term infants, including infections, extrauterine growth restrictions, respiratory, metabolic, and neurological complications, necrotizing …

Nutrition Needs Assessment For A Produce Prescription Program In The Pediatric Dental Setting, Zachary Houser

Capstone Experience: Master of Public Health

More than half of young people in the U.S. aged 2-19 have a poor-quality diet, including low fruit and vegetable (FV) intake (Liu et al., 2020). Poor nutrition increases health risks, including chronic diseases such as dental caries and obesity, low-income households experience higher rates of poor nutrition and subsequent health burdens (AAPD, 2022b). Produce prescriptions (PPR) are a type of financial incentive program that can improve FV intake among low-income populations (Ridberg et al., 2019). PPR programs are often conducted in a primary medical setting (Little et al., 2022); however, no literature describes PPR programs conducted in a dental …

Program Development For Nutrition: An Occupational Therapy Perspective, Shelby Farmer

Occupational Therapy Doctoral Capstones

Occupational therapists (OTs) address daily life patterns and support clients through participation in meaningful everyday activities to promote overall well-being. Nutrition is essential to physical and mental wellness and is integral to positive lifestyle behaviors and outcomes. Although appropriate nutrition is vital to health, well-being, and recovery, individuals rarely implement consistent nutritional practices into their everyday lives due to environmental and personal barriers. This capstone project united the role of nutrition with the occupational therapy perspective through interprofessional collaboration and the development of a program for graduate students focused on creating a foundational understanding of fueling their bodies with compounds …

Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Use And Periodontal Health—Findings From The Population Assessment Of Tobacco And Health Study, Amir Mohajeri, Martin S. Lipsky, Rachana Hegde, Jody Chiang, Man Hung

Institute on Aging Publications

Background: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDSs) are rapidly increasing in the U.S., however, information about their long-term risks and benefits remains limited. This study examined the relationship between ENDS use and periodontal health among U.S. adults. (2) Methods: Data came from 33,822 adults who participated in the 2016–2018 wave of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study. Inclusion criteria were adults without a history of cigarette smoking or diabetes. Logistic regression analysis was performed to estimate the associations between ENDS use and a history of periodontal disease, with multivariable logistic regression adjusting for factors associated with poor oral …

Multi-Domain Interventions For Dementia Prevention–A Systematic Review, C. B. Castro, L. M. Costa, C. Max B. Dias, J. Chen, H. Hillebrandt, Samantha L. Gardener, B. M. Brown, R. L. Loo, M. L. Garg, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, Ralph N. Martins, Hamid R. Sohrabi

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objectives: There is a growing incidence of cognitive decline and dementia associated with the ageing population. Lifestyle factors such as diet, physical activity, and cognitive activities may individually or collectively be undertaken to increase one’s odds of preventing cognitive decline and future dementia. This study will examine whether clinical trials using multidomain lifestyle intervention can significantly decrease the risk of cognitive decline and therefore dementia. Design, Setting and Participants: This systematic literature review of multidomain lifestyle interventions for the prevention of cognitive decline and dementia followed the PRISMA guidelines. Clinical trials involving multidomain intervention (i.e., diet and physical activity, or …

Clinical Efficacy Of Nutritional Supplements In Atopic Dermatitis: Systematic Review, Isaac Weber, Emily Woolhiser, Noah Keime, Margaret Wasvary, Madeline J. Adelman, Torunn E. Sivesind, Robert P. Dellavalle

Student Publications

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as eczema, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that presents with symptoms of intense pruritus, dryness, and erythema. Dissatisfaction with first-line therapies for AD, the desire to avoid steroids, and the extreme cost of effective biologics have created a demand for alternative treatment options such as oral vitamins and nutritional supplements.

Objective: The purpose of this review was to assess the effectiveness of oral nutritional supplements, pre- and probiotics, and vitamin deficiencies and supplements on AD symptomology and clinical course.

Methods: We searched Scopus, PubMed, and MEDLINE (Ovid interface) for English-language articles published between …

Pili Pono Practice: A Qualitative Study On Reimagining Native Hawaiian Food Sovereignty Through Malama Backyard Aquaponics, Pahonu Coleman, Samantha Keaulana, J Kahaulahilahi Vegas, Phoebe W. Hwang, Leshay Keliiholokai, Jane J. Chung-Do, Ikaika Rogerson, Ilima Ho-Lastimosa

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Living in one of the most remote island chains in the world, Native Hawaiians developed sophisticated food cultivation systems that sustained a thriving and robust population for centuries. These systems were disrupted by colonization, which has contributed to the health disparities that Native Hawaiians face today. MALAMA, a culturally-grounded backyard aquaponics program, was developed to promote food sovereignty among Native Hawaiians. This study utilized participant interview and focus group data to identify how participating in the MALAMA program impacts the wellbeing. The findings demonstrate that MALAMA enhanced the participants’ pilina (relationship, connection) to traditional foods, land, cultural identity, family, and …

Adapting The Aha’S Blood Pressure And Nutrition Management Program Into Digestible Teaching Plans For Low-Income Communities, Truc Huynh, Jemina Lynn B. Estepa, Fritz Reanne A. Obungen, Katelyn Marie Clasey, Kirsty Keitges, Serah M. Kimani, Hailey Rae Tauscheck, Andrew David Rhoades

Nursing Leadership in Community Engagement Projects

Executive Summary: Adapting the AHA’s blood pressure and nutrition management program into digestible teaching plans for low-income communities

According to the American Heart Association (AHA), 46% of American adults have high blood pressure (Whelton et al., 2017). High blood pressure, especially for those above the age of 50, is associated with a higher prevalence of heart disease and a shorter life expectancy. The AHA’s Check Change Control program (CCC), is an evidence based, self-directed blood pressure management guide (American Heart Association, 2021). The CCC program incorporates four lesson topics related to lifestyle changes to manage hypertension. The four topics are: …

Food And Mood: Investigating The Correlation Between Vitamin B12 Intake And Depression, Jana Soucar, Hawley Almstedt

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Vitamin B12 is an essential nutrient that metabolizes homocysteine, which is a potentially neurotoxic molecule when in excess. Studies show that a deficiency in vitamin B12, as well as folate, may be associated with mental health conditions. Additionally, the prevalence of depression is higher in college students than other demographic populations. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate a correlation between vitamin B12 and folate intake with signs and symptoms of depression in college students. METHODS: This study was conducted by first providing participants with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to measure signs and symptoms of …

Fluid Intake And Hydration Responses To Mass Participation Gravel Cycling, Brandon Raik, Francis Salmon, Grace Handler, Matthew M. Schubert

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Gravel cycling is a relatively new cycling discipline, with the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) hosting their first UCI Gravel World Championships in 2022. Gravel races combine features of road racing, cyclocross, and mountain biking, including various terrain of varying technical difficulty (paved roads, dirt roads, fire roads, single- and double-track trails), long distances, substantial vertical elevation gain, obstacles, and limited opportunities to stop for in-race nutrition. PURPOSE: To date, gravel racing has not been scientifically examined to determine the demands of the sport. Data from cycling road races indicate substantial fluid loss, which may impair exercise performance. This study assessed …