Digital Commons Network^™

Baseline Psychosocial, Environmental, Health, And Behavioral Correlates Of 1- And 3-Year Weight Loss After Bariatric Surgery, Ming Ji, Sonya L Negriff, Jeff M Slezak, Brianna L Taylor, Silvia R Paz, Bhumi B Bhakta, Mayra Macias, David E Arterburn, Cecelia L Crawford, Adam Drewnowski, Kristina H Lewis, Darren D Moore, Sameer B Murali, Deborah R Young, Karen J Coleman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Weight loss surgery is an effective, long-term treatment for severe obesity but individual response to surgery varies widely. The purpose of this study was to test a comprehensive theoretical model of factors that may be correlated with the greatest surgical weight loss at 1-3 years following surgery. Such a model would help determine what predictive factors to measure when patients are preparing for surgery that may ensure the best weight outcomes.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Bariatric Experience Long Term (BELONG) study collected self-reported and medical record-based baseline information as correlates of 1- and 3-year % total weight loss (TWL) …

X, But Not Y, Chromosomal Complement Contributes To Stroke Sensitivity In Aged Animals, Shaohua Qi, Conelius Ngwa, Abdullah Al Mamun, Sharmeen Romana, Ting Wu, Sean P Marrelli, Arthur P Arnold, Louise D Mccullough, Fudong Liu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Post-menopausal women become vulnerable to stroke and have poorer outcomes and higher mortality than age-matched men, and previous studies suggested that sex chromosomes play a vital role in mediating stroke sensitivity in the aged. It is unknown if this is due to effects of the X or Y chromosome. The present study used the XY* mouse model (with four genotypes: XX and XO gonadal females and XY and XXY gonadal males) to compare the effect of the X vs. Y chromosome compliment in stroke. Aged (18-20 months) and gonadectomized young (8-12 weeks) mice were subjected to a 60-min middle cerebral …

Racial/Ethnic Group Differences In Older Adults' Involvement With Adult Protective Services, Kenneth J Steinman, Jason Burnett, Rebecca Hoffman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This paper represents the first study to focus on quantifying racial/ethnic group differences in older adults' involvement with adult protective services (APS).  Across 3 independent county programs, the rate of APS reports was about twice as high for Black older adults compared to White older adults.  These differences were greater for clients who were older and male but remained similar across allegation type.  The percent of reports validated was slightly but consistently lower for Black clients than for White clients, and a lower percentage of Black clients' cases were closed due to investigation or service refusal. Findings for Hispanic clients …

Comparisons Of Medical Cost Trajectories Between Non-Hispanic Black And Non-Hispanic White Patients With Newly Diagnosed Localized Prostate Cancer, Yu Liu, Shikun Wang, Liang Li, Ying Xu, Yu Shen, Ya-Chen Tina Shih

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objectives: This study applied a recently developed statistical method to compare the mean cost trajectories between non-Hispanic White (NHW) and non-Hispanic Black (NHB) patients with localized prostate cancer conditioning on patients' survival.

Methods: In this observational study, we modeled cost trajectories of NHW and NHB patients with localized prostate cancer for 3 survival durations: 24, 48, and 72 months. We also compared the cost trajectories between NHW and NHB, stratified by comorbidities scores.

Results: We find that the mean cost trajectories of NHB were significantly higher than the trajectories of NHW in the last 12 months before death, regardless of …

Bioimpedance Analysis Predicts The Etiology Of Cirrhosis In A Prospective Cohort Study, Hashem B El-Serag, Ghida Akhdar, Aaron P Thrift, Michelle Luster, Saira Khaderi, Abeer Alsarraj, Hao Duong, Fasiha Kanwal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing cirrhosis. However, body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) may not be indicative of body composition parameters that predispose to cirrhosis. Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) is a noninvasive cost-efficient method for more detailed estimation of body composition.

METHODS: We examined patients with cirrhosis who underwent BIA as part of enrollment into a prospective cohort study. We examined the correlation between BIA variables, BMI, and WHR. We performed sex-adjusted and race-adjusted and race-specific multivariable logistic regression analyses to examine the association between anthropometric variables and risk factors [NAFLD, alcohol-associated liver disease …

Molecular Insights Using Spatial Transcriptomics Of The Distal Lung In Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia, Krithika Lingappan, Oluyinka O Olutoye, Abiud Cantu, Manuel Eliezer Cantu Gutierrez, Nahir Cortes-Santiago, J D Hammond, Jamie Gilley, Joselyn Rojas Quintero, Hui Li, Francesca Polverino, Jason P Gleghorn, Sundeep G Keswani

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Abnormal pulmonary vascular development and function in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a significant factor leading to pulmonary hypertension. The lung is a very heterogenous organ and has marked cellular diversity that is differentially responsive to injury and therapeutic agents. Spatial transcriptomics provides the unmatched capability of discerning the differences in the transcriptional signature of these distinct cell subpopulations in the lung with regional specificity. We hypothesized that the distal lung parenchyma (selected as a region of interest) would show a distinct transcriptomic profile in the CDH lung compared with control (normal lung). We subjected lung sections obtained from male …

Germline Pathogenic Smarca4 Variants In Neuroblastoma, Leora Witkowski, Kim E Nichols, Marjolijn Jongmans, Nienke Van Engelen, Ronald R De Krijger, Jennifer Herrera-Mullar, Lieve Tytgat, Armita Bahrami, Helen Mar Fan, Aimee L Davidson, Thomas Robertson, Michael Anderson, Martin Hasselblatt, Sharon E Plon, William D Foulkes

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Heterozygous germline pathogenic variants (GPVs) in SMARCA4, the gene encoding the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling protein SMARCA4 (previously known as BRG1), predispose to several rare tumour types, including small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type, atypical teratoid and malignant rhabdoid tumor, and uterine sarcoma. The increase in germline testing of SMARCA4 in recent years has revealed putative GPVs affecting SMARCA4 in patients with other cancer types. Here we describe 11 patients with neuroblastoma, including four previously unreported cases, all of whom were found to harbour heterozygous germline variants in SMARCA4. Median age at diagnosis was 5 years (range 2 …

Conditional Deletion Of Cd25 In The Corneal Epithelium Reveals Sex Differences In Barrier Disruption, Anmar Abu-Romman, Kaitlin K Scholand, Sonali Pal-Ghosh, Zhiyuan Yu, Yashaswini Kelagere, Ghasem Yazdanpanah, Winston W-Y Kao, Vivien J Coulson-Thomas, Mary Ann Stepp, Cintia S De Paiva

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE: IL-2 promotes activation, clonal expansion, and deletion of T cells. IL-2 signals through its heterotrimeric receptor (IL-2R) consisting of the CD25, CD122 and CD132 chains. CD25 knockout (KO) mice develop Sjögren Syndrome-like disease. This study investigates whether corneal CD25/IL-2 signaling is critical for ocular health.

METHODS: Eyes from C57BL/6 mice were collected and prepared for immunostaining or in-situ hybridization. Bulk RNA sequencing was performed on the corneal epithelium from wild-type and CD25KO mice. We generated a conditional corneal-specific deletion of CD25 in the corneal epithelium (CD25

RESULTS: In C57BL/6 mice, CD25 mRNA was expressed in ocular tissues. Protein expression …

Associations Between Metabolomic Biomarkers Of Avocado Intake And Glycemia In The Multi-Ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis, Alexis C Wood, Mark O Goodarzi, Mackenzie K Senn, Meghana D Gadgil, Goncalo Graca, Matthew A Allison, Ioanna Tzoulaki, Michael Y Mi, Philip Greenland, Timothy Ebbels, Paul Elliott, Russell P Tracy, David M Herrington, Jerome I Rotter

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Avocado consumption is linked to better glucose homeostasis, but small associations suggest potential population heterogeneity. Metabolomic data capture the effects of food intake after digestion and metabolism, thus accounting for individual differences in these processes.

OBJECTIVES: To identify metabolomic biomarkers of avocado intake and to examine their associations with glycemia.

METHODS: Baseline data from 6224 multi-ethnic older adults (62% female) included self-reported avocado intake, fasting glucose and insulin, and untargeted plasma proton nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomic features (metabolomic data were available for a randomly selected subset; N = 3438). Subsequently, incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) was assessed over an …

Intraoperative Identification Of Thyroid And Parathyroid Tissues During Human Endocrine Surgery Using The Masspec Pen, Rachel J Dehoog, Mary E King, Michael F Keating, Jialing Zhang, Marta Sans, Clara L Feider, Kyana Y Garza, Alena Bensussan, Anna Krieger, John Q Lin, Sunil Badal, Elizabeth Alore, Christopher Pirko, Kirtan Brahmbhatt, Wendong Yu, Raymon Grogan, Livia S Eberlin, James Suliburk

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

IMPORTANCE: Intraoperative identification of tissues through gross inspection during thyroid and parathyroid surgery is challenging yet essential for preserving healthy tissue and improving outcomes for patients.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance and clinical applicability of the MasSpec Pen (MSPen) technology for discriminating thyroid, parathyroid, and lymph node tissues intraoperatively.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this diagnostic/prognostic study, the MSPen was used to analyze 184 fresh-frozen thyroid, parathyroid, and lymph node tissues in the laboratory and translated to the operating room to enable in vivo and ex vivo tissue analysis by endocrine surgeons in 102 patients undergoing thyroidectomy and parathyroidectomy procedures. …

Quality Improvement Initiative To Improve Time And Adherence To Revaccination After Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Implementation Of A Revaccination Clinic Within The Transplantation Program, Caitlin Elgarten, Anne Wohlschlaeger, Ellen Levy, Katharine Tadley, Lei Wang, Megan Atkinson, Houston Roberson, Timothy Olson, Nancy Bunin, Jennifer Heimall, Brian Fisher, Stephan Grupp, Jason Freedman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background:

Revaccination after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is critical to prevent morbidity and mortality from vaccine preventable illnesses. While earlier re-vaccination after HCT is desirable, they may be ineffective if deployed before partial reconstitution of adaptive immunity. Increasingly, personalized approaches to re-vaccination after HCT have replaced time-based protocols in order to minimize unvaccinated time and enhance vaccine effectiveness. Furthermore, for revaccination to be maximally beneficial, compliance with, and timely delivery of the complete revaccination schedule is imperative, but rare, and there is little data on strategies to optimize vaccine delivery.

Objectives:

The global aim of our quality improvement initiative was …

Rural-Urban Disparities In Video Telehealth Use During Rapid Mental Health Care Virtualization Among American Indian/Alaska Native Veterans, Isabelle S Kusters, Amber B Amspoker, Kristen Frosio, Stephanie C Day, Giselle Day, Anthony Ecker, Julianna Hogan, Jan A Lindsay, Jay Shore

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Importance: American Indian/Alaska Native veterans experience a high risk for health inequities, including mental health (MH) care access. Rapid virtualization of MH care in response to the COVID-19 pandemic facilitated care continuity across the Veterans Health Administration (VHA), but the association between virtualization of care and health inequities among American Indian/Alaska Native veterans is unknown.

Objective: To examine differences in video telehealth (VTH) use for MH care between American Indian/Alaska Native and non-American Indian/Alaska Native veterans by rurality and urbanicity.

Design, setting, and participants: In this cohort study, VHA administrative data on VTH use among a veteran cohort that received …

A Novel Pathogenic Mutation Of Mecp2 Impairs Chromatin Association Independent Of Protein Levels, Jian Zhou, Claudia Cattoglio, Yingyao Shao, Harini P Tirumala, Carlo Vetralla, Sameer S Bajikar, Yan Li, Hu Chen, Qi Wang, Zhenyu Wu, Bing Tang, Mahla Zahabiyon, Aleksandar Bajic, Xiangling Meng, Jack J Ferrie, Anel Lagrone, Ping Zhang, Jean J Kim, Jianrong Tang, Zhandong Liu, Xavier Darzacq, Nathaniel Heintz, Robert Tjian, Huda Y Zoghbi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Loss-of-function mutations in MECP2 cause Rett syndrome (RTT), a severe neurological disorder that mainly affects girls. Mutations in MECP2 do occur in males occasionally and typically cause severe encephalopathy and premature lethality. Recently, we identified a missense mutation (c.353G>A, p.Gly118Glu [G118E]), which has never been seen before in MECP2, in a young boy who suffered from progressive motor dysfunction and developmental delay. To determine whether this variant caused the clinical symptoms and study its functional consequences, we established two disease models, including human neurons from patient-derived iPSCs and a knock-in mouse line. G118E mutation partially reduces MeCP2 abundance …

The Association Of Long-Term Exposure To Criteria Air Pollutants, Fine Particulate Matter Components, And Airborne Trace Metals With Late-Life Brain Amyloid Burden In The Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (Aric) Study, Erin E Bennett, Dean F Wong, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Studies suggest associations between long-term ambient air pollution exposure and outcomes related to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Whether a link exists between pollutants and brain amyloid accumulation, a biomarker of AD, is unclear. We assessed whether long-term air pollutant exposures are associated with late-life brain amyloid deposition in Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study participants.

METHODS: We used a chemical transport model with data fusion to estimate ambient concentrations of PM

RESULTS: At PET imaging, eligible participants (N = 318) had a mean age of 78 years, 56% were female, 43% were Black, and 27% had mild cognitive impairment. We …

A Blood Biomarker Test For Brain Amyloid Impacts The Clinical Evaluation Of Cognitive Impairment, Mark Monane, B Joy Snider, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine clinicians' patient selection and result interpretation of a clinically validated mass spectrometry test measuring amyloid beta and ApoE blood biomarkers combined with patient age (PrecivityAD® blood test) in symptomatic patients evaluated for Alzheimer's disease (AD) or other causes of cognitive decline.

METHODS: The Quality Improvement and Clinical Utility PrecivityAD Clinician Survey (QUIP I, ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05477056) was a prospective, single-arm cohort study among 366 patients evaluated by neurologists and other cognitive specialists. Participants underwent blood biomarker testing and received an amyloid probability score (APS), indicating the likelihood of a positive result …

The Impact Of Adding Cost Information To A Conversation Aid To Support Shared Decision Making About Low-Risk Prostate Cancer Treatment: Results Of A Stepped-Wedge Cluster Randomised Trial, Mary C Politi, Rachel C Forcino, Katelyn Parrish, Marie-Anne Durand, A James O'Malley, Rachel Moses, Krista Cooksey, Glyn Elwyn

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Decision aids help patients consider the benefits and drawbacks of care options but rarely include cost information. We assessed the impact of a conversation-based decision aid containing information about low-risk prostate cancer management options and their relative costs.

METHODS: We conducted a stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial in outpatient urology practices within a US-based academic medical center. We randomised five clinicians to four intervention sequences and enroled patients newly diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer. Primary patient-reported outcomes collected postvisit included the frequency of cost conversations and referrals to address costs. Other patient-reported outcomes included: decisional conflict postvisit and at 3 …

Neurologic Outcomes For Adult Spinal Cord Ependymomas Stratified By Tumor Location: A Retrospective Cohort Study And 2-Year Outlook, Keanu Chee, Grégoire P Chatain, Michael W Kortz, Stephanie Serva, Keshari Shrestha, Timothy H Ung, Jens-Peter Witt, Michael Finn

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Determine whether craniocaudal spinal cord tumor location affects long-term neurologic outcomes in adults diagnosed with spinal ependymomas (SE). A retrospective cohort analysis of patients aged ≥ 18 years who underwent surgical resection for SE over a ten-year period was conducted. Tumor location was classified as cervical, thoracic, or lumbar/conus. Primary endpoints were post-operative McCormick Neurologic Scale (MNS) scores at < 3 days, 6 weeks, 1 year, and 2 years. One-way ANOVA was performed to detect significant differences in MNS scores between tumor locations. Twenty-eight patients were identified. The average age was 44.2 ± 15.4 years. Sixteen were male, and 13 were female. There were 10 cervical-predominant SEs, 13 thoracic-predominant SEs, and 5 lumbar/conus-predominant SEs. No significant differences were observed in pre-operative MNS scores between tumor locations (p = 0.73). One-way ANOVA testing demonstrated statistically significant differences in post-operative MNS scores between tumor locations at < 3 days (p = 0.03), 6 weeks (p = 0.009), and 1 year (p = 0.003); however, no significant difference was observed between post-operative MNS scores at 2 years (p = 0.13). The mean MNS score for patients with thoracic SEs were higher at all follow-up time points. Tumors arising in the thoracic SE are associated with worse post-operative neurologic outcomes in comparison to SEs arising in other spinal regions. This is likely multifactorial in etiology, owing to both anatomical differences including spinal cord volume as well as variations in tumor characteristics. No significant differences in 2-year MNS scores were observed, suggesting that patients ultimately recover from neurological insult sustained at the time of surgery.

Methamphetamine-Induced Region-Specific Transcriptomic And Epigenetic Changes In The Brain Of Male Rats, Benpeng Miao, Xiaoyun Xing, Viktoriia Bazylianska, Pamela Madden, Anna Moszczynska, Bo Zhang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Psychostimulant methamphetamine (METH) is neurotoxic to the brain and, therefore, its misuse leads to neurological and psychiatric disorders. The gene regulatory network (GRN) response to neurotoxic METH binge remains unclear in most brain regions. Here we examined the effects of binge METH on the GRN in the nucleus accumbens, dentate gyrus, Ammon's horn, and subventricular zone in male rats. At 24 h after METH, ~16% of genes displayed altered expression and over a quarter of previously open chromatin regions - parts of the genome where genes are typically active - showed shifts in their accessibility. Intriguingly, most changes were unique …

Novel Genetic And Phenotypic Expansion In Gosr2-Related Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy, Lea Hentrich, Mered Parnes, Timothy Edward Lotze, Rohini Coorg, Tom J De Koning, Kha M Nguyen, Calvin K Yip, Heinz Jungbluth, Anne Koy, Hormos Salimi Dafsari

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Biallelic variants in the Golgi SNAP receptor complex member 2 gene (GOSR2) have been reported in progressive myoclonus epilepsy with neurodegeneration. Typical clinical features include ataxia and areflexia during early childhood, followed by seizures, scoliosis, dysarthria, and myoclonus. Here, we report two novel patients from unrelated families with a GOSR2-related disorder and novel genetic and clinical findings. The first patient, a male compound heterozygous for the GOSR2 splice site variant c.336+1G>A and the novel c.364G>A,p.Glu122Lys missense variant showed global developmental delay and seizures at the age of 2 years, followed by myoclonus at the age …

Association Between Perioperative Prophylaxis With Cefuroxime Plus Metronidazole Or Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid And Surgical Site Infections In Paediatric Uncomplicated Appendectomy: A Swiss Retrospective Cohort Study, Isabella Bielicki, Hanna Schmid, Andrew Atkinson, Christian R Kahlert, Christoph Berger, Nicolas Troillet, Jonas Marschall, Julia A Bielicki, Swissnoso

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate the association between post-appendectomy SSI rates and the two most commonly used regimens for perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis in Swiss children.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study, analysing data from the Swiss national SSI surveillance database with a study period from 2014 to 2018. All hospitals undertaking paediatric appendectomies in Switzerland participate in the surveillance. We compared the cumulative incidence and odds of post-appendectomy SSI within 30 days of surgery in children ≤ 16 years of age undergoing appendectomy for uncomplicated appendicitis and receiving perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis with cefuroxime plus metronidazole or with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid …

Bap1 Promotes Osteoclast Function By Metabolic Reprogramming, Nidhi Rohatgi, Wei Zou, Yongjia Li, Kevin Cho, Patrick L Collins, Eric Tycksen, Gaurav Pandey, Carl J Deselm, Gary J Patti, Anwesha Dey, Steven L Teitelbaum

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Treatment of osteoporosis commonly diminishes osteoclast number which suppresses bone formation thus compromising fracture prevention. Bone formation is not suppressed, however, when bone degradation is reduced by retarding osteoclast functional resorptive capacity, rather than differentiation. We find deletion of deubiquitinase, BRCA1-associated protein 1 (Bap1), in myeloid cells (Bap1

Mortality Benefit Of A Blood-Based Biomarker Panel For Lung Cancer On The Basis Of The Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, And Ovarian Cohort, Ehsan Irajizad, Johannes F Fahrmann, Tracey Marsh, Jody Vykoukal, Jennifer B Dennison, James P Long, Kim-Anh Do, Ziding Feng, Samir Hanash, Edwin J Ostrin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: To investigate the utility of integrating a panel of circulating protein biomarkers in combination with a risk model on the basis of subject characteristics to identify individuals at high risk of harboring a lethal lung cancer.

Methods: Data from an established logistic regression model that combines four-marker protein panel (4MP) together with the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) risk model (PLCOm2012) assayed in prediagnostic sera from 552 lung cancer cases and 2,193 noncases from the PLCO cohort were used in this study. Of the 552 lung cancer cases, 387 (70%) died of lung cancer. Cumulative incidence of lung …

Chronic Cough Relief By Allosteric Modulation Of P2x3 Without Taste Disturbance, Chang-Run Guo, Zhong-Zhe Zhang, Xing Zhou, Meng-Yang Sun, Tian-Tian Li, Yun-Tao Lei, Yu-Hao Gao, Qing-Quan Li, Chen-Xi Yue, Yu Gao, Yi-Yu Lin, Cui-Yun Hao, Chang-Zhu Li, Peng Cao, Michael X Zhu, Ming-Qiang Rong, Wen-Hui Wang, Ye Yu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

P2X receptors are cation channels that sense extracellular ATP. Many therapeutic candidates targeting P2X receptors have begun clinical trials or acquired approval for the treatment of refractory chronic cough (RCC) and other disorders. However, the present negative allosteric modulation of P2X receptors is primarily limited to the central pocket or the site below the left flipper domain. Here, we uncover a mechanism of allosteric regulation of P2X3 in the inner pocket of the head domain (IP-HD), and show that the antitussive effects of quercetin and PSFL2915 (our nM-affinity P2X3 inhibitor optimized based on quercetin) on male mice and guinea pigs …

Association Between Alcohol Consumption And Ectopic Fat In The Multi-Ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis, Richard Kazibwe, Parag A Chevli, Joni K Evans, Matthew Allison, Erin D Michos, Alexis C Wood, Jingzhong Ding, Michael D Shapiro, Morgana Mongraw-Chaffin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background The relationship between alcohol consumption and ectopic fat distribution, both known factors for cardiovascular disease, remains understudied. Therefore, we aimed to examine the association between alcohol consumption and ectopic adiposity in adults at risk for cardiovascular disease. Methods and Results In this cross-sectional analysis, we categorized alcohol intake among participants in MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis) as follows (drinks/day): <1 >(light drinking), 1 to 2 (moderate drinking), >2 (heavy drinking), former drinking, and lifetime abstention. Binge drinking was defined as consuming ≥5 drinks on 1 occasion in the past month. Visceral, subcutaneous, and intermuscular fat area, pericardial fat volume, and …

A Blood-Based Metabolomic Signature Predictive Of Risk For Pancreatic Cancer, Ehsan Irajizad, Ana Kenney, Tiffany Tang, Jody Vykoukal, Ranran Wu, Eunice Murage, Jennifer B Dennison, Marta Sans, James P Long, Maureen Loftus, John A Chabot, Michael D Kluger, Fay Kastrinos, Lauren Brais, Ana Babic, Kunal Jajoo, Linda S Lee, Thomas E Clancy, Kimmie Ng, Andrea Bullock, Jeanine M Genkinger, Anirban Maitra, Kim-Anh Do, Bin Yu, Brian M Wolpin, Sam Hanash, Johannes F Fahrmann

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Emerging evidence implicates microbiome involvement in the development of pancreatic cancer (PaCa). Here, we investigate whether increases in circulating microbial-related metabolites associate with PaCa risk by applying metabolomics profiling to 172 sera collected within 5 years prior to PaCa diagnosis and 863 matched non-subject sera from participants in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) cohort. We develop a three-marker microbial-related metabolite panel to assess 5-year risk of PaCa. The addition of five non-microbial metabolites further improves 5-year risk prediction of PaCa. The combined metabolite panel complements CA19-9, and individuals with a combined metabolite panel + CA19-9 score in the …

Sedentary Bout Patterns And Metabolic Health In The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study Of Latino Youth (Sol Youth)., Jordan A. Carlson, Paul R. Hibbing, Bethany Forseth, Keith M. Diaz, Daniela Sotres-Alvarez, Carolina M. Bejarano, Andrea T. Duran, Sheila F. Castañeda, Melawhy L. Garcia, Krista M. Perreira, Martha L. Daviglus, Linda Van Horn, Marc D. Gellman, Carmen R. Isasi, Jianwen Cai, Alan M. Delamater, Vincent S. Staggs, John Thyfault, Linda C. Gallo

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background There is limited evidence on the potential negative metabolic health impacts of prolonged and uninterrupted sedentary bouts in structurally disadvantaged youth. This study investigated associations between sedentary bout variables and metabolic health markers in the Hispanic Community Health Study/SOL Youth (Study of Latino Youth). Methods and Results SOL Youth was a population-based cohort of 1466 youth (age range, 8-16 years; 48.5% female); 957 youth were included in the analytic sample based on complete data. Accelerometers measured moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), total sedentary time, and sedentary bout patterns (daily time spent in sedentary bouts ≥30 minutes, median sedentary bout duration, …

Association Of Antimicrobial Perioperative Prophylaxis With Cefuroxime Plus Metronidazole Or Amoxicillin/Clavulanic Acid And Surgical Site Infections In Colorectal Surgery, Elisavet Stavropoulou, Andrew Atkinson, Marie-Christine Eisenring, Christoph A Fux, Jonas Marschall, Laurence Senn, Nicolas Troillet

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To compare intravenous (IV) amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (A/CA) to IV cefuroxime plus metronidazole (C + M) for preventing surgical site infections (SSI) in colorectal surgery.

BACKGROUND: Given their spectra that include most Enterobacterales and anaerobes, C + M is commonly recommended as prophylaxis of SSI in colorectal surgery. A/CA offers good coverage of Enterobacterales and anaerobes as well, but, in contrast to C + M, it also includes Enterococcus faecalis which is also isolated from patients with SSI and could trigger anastomotic leakage.

METHODS: Data from a Swiss SSI surveillance program were used to compare SSI rates after class II …

Age- And Sex-Specific Reference Values Of Biventricular Flow Components And Kinetic Energy By 4d Flow Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance In Healthy Subjects, Xiaodan Zhao, Ru-San Tan, Pankaj Garg, Ping Chai, Shuang Leng, Jennifer Ann Bryant, Lynette L S Teo, Tee Joo Yeo, Marielle V Fortier, Ting Ting Low, Ching Ching Ong, Shuo Zhang, Rob J Van Der Geest, John C Allen, Teng Hong Tan, James W Yip, Ju Le Tan, Marina Hughes, Sven Plein, Jos J M Westenberg, Liang Zhong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Advances in four-dimensional flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance (4D flow CMR) have allowed quantification of left ventricular (LV) and right ventricular (RV) blood flow. We aimed to (1) investigate age and sex differences of 4D flow CMR-derived LV and RV relative flow components and kinetic energy (KE) parameters indexed to end-diastolic volume (KEi

METHODS: We performed 4D flow analysis in 163 healthy participants (42% female; mean age 43 ± 13 years) of a prospective registry study (NCT03217240) who were free of cardiovascular diseases. Relative flow components (direct flow, retained inflow, delayed ejection flow, residual volume) and multiple phasic KEi

RESULTS: …

A Phase I Clinical Trial Of Oncolytic Adenovirus Mediated Suicide And Interleukin-12 Gene Therapy In Patients With Recurrent Localized Prostate Adenocarcinoma, Shyam Nyati, Hans Stricker, Kenneth N. Barton, Pin Li, Mohamed A. Elshaikh, Haythem Y. Ali, Stephen L. Brown, Clara Hwang, James O. Peabody, Svend O. Freytag, Benjamin Movsas, Farzan Siddiqui

Radiation Oncology Articles

In a phase I dose escalation and safety study (NCT02555397), a replication-competent oncolytic adenovirus expressing yCD, TK and hIL-12 (Ad5-yCD/mutTKSR39rep-hIL-12) was administered in 15 subjects with localized recurrent prostate cancer (T1c-T2) at increasing doses (1 × 1010, to 1 × 1012 viral particles) followed by 7-day treatment of 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) and valganciclovir (vGCV). The primary endpoint was toxicity through day 30 while the secondary and exploratory endpoints were quantitation of IL-12, IFNγ, CXCL10 and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). The study maximum tolerated dose (MTD) was not reached indicating 1012 viral particles was safe. Total 115 adverse events were observed, …

Clinical Characteristics And Outcome Correlates Of Chinese Patients With Takotsubo Syndrome: Results From The First Chinese Takotsubo Syndrome Registry, Tou Kun Chong, Kan Liu, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical features and outcomes of Chinese patients with Takotsubo syndrome (TTS).

METHODS: We established the first Chinese Registry of Takotsubo Syndrome (ChiTTS Registry) and analyzed demographic, clinical, therapeutical, and outcome data to characterize clinical and outcome features of Chinese TTS patients.

RESULTS: In 112 enrolled patients in the ChiTTS registry from 02/01/2016 to 12/28/2021, the mean age was 59.4 ± 18.7 years old, and 27.7% were men. A total of 41.1% patients experienced respiratory and circulatory complications during hospitalization, and 17.3% patients developed cardiogenic shock. Physical triggers, dyspnea, tachycardia, and younger age (< 70 years old) predicted in-hospital complications. The MACCE rate during follow up was 13.9% per patient per year and the rate of all-cause death was 12.8% per patient per year. TTS patients with in-hospital complications developed more long-term MACCE (24.6% vs. 6.6% per patient-year, P < 0.001) and higher all-cause mortality (21.9% vs. 6.6% per patient-year, P = 0.001) than those without. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that more MACCE occurred in TTS patients with tachycardia during 3-year follow-up (HR 4.18; 95% CI 1.80-9.74; log-rank test P < 0.001). Among all medications at discharge, only beta-blocker was associated with reduced long-term MACCE (HR: 0.35; 95% CI: 0.12-0.996; P = 0.049).

CONCLUSION: We investigated clinical …