Digital Commons Network^™

What Are Functional Shifts?, Frank Bramlett

English Faculty Publications

In last month's column, I wrote about variety in word formation processes, the phenomenon of having more than one word form lo represent the same concept, illustrated by word pairs like analysis/analyzation, summary/ summarization, and intensity/intenseness. There is, of course, the other side of the coin. We also use single word forms to represent an array of meanings.

What Really Makes A Word, Frank Bramlett

English Faculty Publications

On the 2003 season finale of the HBO drama "Six Feet Under," viewers are left wondering whether Keith and David will be able to stay together as a couple. They were sitting at the kitchen table and eating cake, getting into one of their ritualized tiffs where David feels Keith picks on him. The substance of their conversation, though, turned to the silly when David said 'adjacently." Keith said, "Adjacently is not a word." They soon realized how petty they sounded and sort of laughed it all off.

Often, people can get very worked up about whether something is …

Not Thinking Like A Nonlawyer: Implications Of "Recogonization" For Legal Education, Robert J. Morris

Journal of Legal Education

No abstract provided.

Y'All Better Ask Somebody, Frank Bramlett

English Faculty Publications

One of the ways that linguists think about language is through geographical distribution, commonly known as dialects. It's very easy to think about geography because of the wide range of locales in which English is spoken. Due to conquest and colonization, English is now a world language. There's British English, Australian English, and Nigerian English, among many others. In the continental U.S., most people readily identify a number of regional dialects: “Midwestern," "New England," "Southern." While some people might call them accents, linguists distinguish between dialect and accent. The term accent refers solely to the way words are …

Innovative Motivational Profiling: Comparing Marketing Projective Techniques Versus Linguistic Forensic Techniques, Joseph Yeager

The Qualitative Report

Motivational profiling is commonly done in both marketing and forensic contexts. In an unabashed quest for creativity, many marketer s use projective psychological techniques to search for inspiration that leads to ad concepts that will, ultimately, sell more products. Forensic professionals also seek predictive information about motivation in search of facts that will effectively lead to the capture and handling of criminals by using the recent advances found in linguistic technology. Projective profiling techniques produce very soft, opinionated data that are open to interpretation and which has only random relevance to predicting customer behavior. In contrast, linguistic profiling techniques produce …

「アメリカの日本語教育」 [Japanese Education In The U.S.]. 『月間日本語 ５月号』, Seiichiro Inaba

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Teachers' Perceptions Of Communicative Language Teaching Use In Brazil, Marina Bandeira Aleixo

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) has been extensively discussed and researched. However little appears in the literature about CLT use in EFL environments, such as Brazil. Few studies explore CLT adaptation in EFL environments, and if they do, such studies are mostly in Asian countries (Li, 1998; Burnaby & Sun, 1998). This research investigates CLT use in high schools and language institutes in Southern Brazil. The data consists of written questionnaires, class observations, and in-depth interviews with teachers. Results showed that there are two main problems with CLT use in Brazil. One relates to the various constraints that exist in each …

What Are Conversation Systems?, Frank Bramlett

English Faculty Publications

The study of conversation as a serious field of inquiry began in the1970s when sociologists Harvey Sacks, Emmanuel Schegloff and Gail Jefferson first turned our attention to the way people talk to each other. Interestingly, they began looking at talk not for the sake of talk itself but instead as a way to understand social interactions. They collected samples of conversations and analyzed them to help answer questions that sociologists (not necessarily linguists) are interested in answering. For instance, how do people manage their daily lives through talk? How do people establish, maintain, improve and end relationships with each other …

Memory-Based Tone Recognition Of Cantonese Syllables, Michael William Emonts

Theses and Dissertations

Speech recognition has only recently been applied to Cantonese. Considerable effort, however, has been spent in recognizing Mandarin, the standard dialect of Chinese. Prior to this thesis, the only published work on monosyllabic Cantonese tone recognition is from Tan Lee et al. (1993,1995). This thesis is the first of its kind in that it explores memory-based learning as a viable approach for Cantonese tone recognition. The memory-based learning algorithm employed in this thesis outperforms the highly respected and widely used neural network approach. Various numbers of tones and features are modeled to find the best method for feature selection and …

Multiple Topics: Evidence From Malagasy, Ileana Paul

French Studies Publications

No abstract provided.

Copula Variability In Gullah, Tracey L. Weldon

Faculty Publications

Many researchers have investigated the copula for possible links between African American Vernacular English (aave) and Atlantic Creoles, a connection that has served as the foundation of the Creolist Hypothesis in the on-going debate over the origins of aave. One variety that has been of particular interest in this debate is Gullah, which has been hypothetically linked to aave since some of the earliest statements of the Creolist Hypothesis. To date, however, very little research has been done on copula variability in Gullah itself. This study, therefore, provides an analysis of copula variability in present affirmative contexts in Gullah. Variation …

War: Rhetoric And Norm-Creation In Response To Terror, Tawia Baidoe Ansah

Faculty Publications

Everything is very simple in war," said Carl von Clausewitz, "but the simplest thing is difficult." This essay will suggest that the resort to the language of war, as "natural" and "starkly simple" as it is, nevertheless has a profound impact on how the law's intervention is shaped, or how the laws governing the transnational use of force are interpreted to accommodate a "war" on terrorism. I argue that although "war" is absent from the principal international legal instruments by which states are guided (and obligated) in their relations with other states, the concepts suppressed by this elision have an …

The African Contribution To Brazilian Portuguese: To What Extent Did The Speech Of Slaves Influence The Mother Tongue?, Fernanda Ferriera

Bridgewater Review

No abstract provided.

Singular And Plural Address In The Scriptures, James R. Rasband

BYU Studies

Steeped in post-Enlightenment philosophy with its primary focus on the individual, modern readers may unwittingly assume that the Lord likewise is focused solely on individuals when he promises blessings or assigns responsibilities. Although the scriptures contain many instances where the Lord speaks to individuals separately, he also speaks to the Church or his people collectively. It is not always easy to distinguish between these two modes of address, especially because the English pronoun you can be either singular or plural. However, awareness of this linguistic issue can improve our reading of the scriptures, at times revising our understanding substantially.

Special Language In Shoshoni Poetry Songs, Jon P. Dayley

English Literature Faculty Publications and Presentations

The language in Shoshoni poetry songs, called newe hupia, may differ substantially from ordinary speech in many ways, phonologically, morphologically, syntactically, semanticly [sic] and pragmatically.

Echoes And Evidences Of The Book Of Mormon, Donald W. Parry, Daniel C. Peterson, John W. Welch

Maxwell Institute Publications

The amazing achievements of the last hundred years in technology and science are paralleled by significant strides in Book of Mormon studies. Echoes and Evidences of the Book of Mormon takes inventory of some of the most fascinating ancient elements of the Book of Mormon.

For many years now, Latter-day Saint scholars have called attention to significant parallels in the Book of Mormon with the ancient world that in many cases were unknowable in the world of Joseph Smith. The sheer number of these “bull’s-eyes” alone is impressive.

In this volume, scholars trained in biblical studies, archaeology, classics, history, law, …

Medtextus: An Ontology-Enhanced Medical Portal, Gondy Leroy, Hsinchun Chen

CGU Faculty Publications and Research

In this paper we describe MedTextus, an online medical search portal with dynamic search and browse tools. To search for information, MedTextus lets users request synonyms and related terms specifically tailored to their query. A mapping algorithm dynamically builds the query context based on the UMLS ontology and then selects thesaurus terms that fit this context. Users can add these terms to their query and meta-search five medical databases. To facilitate browsing, the search results can be reviewed as a list of documents per database, as a set of folders into which all the documents are automatically categorized based on …

Nsu Speech-Language Pathology Courses Degree Requirements 2002, Nova Southeastern University

Abraham S. Fischler College of Education and School of Criminal Justice College Archive

No abstract provided.

Spaceball (Or, Not Everything That's Left Is Postmodern), Dennis W. Arrow

Vanderbilt Law Review

Given law-school postmodernism's epistemo/ontology of juvenile antirealist agnosticism, its commitment to Gadamerian and/or Derridean notions of linguistic indeterminacy, its mono- maniacal dedication to centrifugal end-justifies-the-means Lefty politics, its abhorrence of commonly recognized conceptions of neutral principle, its concomitant disrespect for the very notion of truth, and its inextricably intertwined obsession with names and propensity for linguistic doublespeak, Professor Arrow confesses to initially wondering what it might "mean" to take anything uttered by a postmodernist "literally," or at "face value." But undaunted by that 'paradox," Professor Arrow not only takes up Feldman's challenge to "critique postmodernism on its own terms" (by …

Common Place Names, Dan Tilque

Word Ways

Articles about American placenames in Word Ways have generally reflected their great diversity. But what about their commonality? There's lots of duplication among the names of American places. Isn't it time that we had an article appreciating that fact.

Generic Pronouns And Their Influence On The Speakers' Language Awareness, Maike Engelhardt

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The English language is a genderless language in which nouns receive grammatical gender through natural gender assignment. The generic pronoun encoded in English is the pronoun he, which next to its secondary meaning of the generic also has the primary meaning of the third person masculine singular. Following the moderate version of the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis, English speaking societies may therefore be considered androcentric societies, since the unmarked use of the generic he makes everyone in this society male until explicitly proven otherwise. In this thesis I explore the history of the generic pronoun in English and offer suggestions for a …

Spanish Epenthesis: Formal And Preformance Perspectives, David Eddington

Faculty Publications

Epenthesis of /e/ before sC- clusters in Spanish is documented word-initially (e.g., eJfera) as well as in word-internal contexts (e.g., subestimar). Cases of alternating epenthesis also exist (e.g., arteriosclerosis I arterioeclerosis). Epe nthesis is examined in the formal frameworks of lexical phonology and optimality theory. Both formal analyses are able to account for the majority of the data presented, however, each requires some arguably ad hoc manipulation in order to do so. From a performance standpoint, it is argued that epenthesis plays no role in the processing of native Spanish words. The appearance of epenthesis in loan words (e.g., stress …

Children's Production Of Locative Expressions In English : The Influence Of Geometric And Extra-Geometric Factors, Lynn Valerie Richards

School of Psychology Theses

The research in this thesis examines the influence that both geometric and extrageometric factors have on children's spatial language production. Over the years it has widely been assumed that spatial prepositions identif' where objects are in the world (geometric factors) and that this is reflected in the semantic representations of these words. More recently, researchers investigating the lexical semantics of spatial prepositions have begun to question this assumption by demonstrating that what objects are and how they are interacting can also affect the way we describe where they are in the world (extra-geometric factors). Following on from research conducted with …

Caught In The Middle: The Construction, Expression, And Transformation Of Identity Among Haitian Youth In Montreal., Earl Floyd Scooter Pegram

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

This dissertation examines identity issues among Haitian youth in Montreal, Quebec (Canada). Because Haitians are the largest group of "visible minorities" in the province and are an integral part of the Quebec mosaic, the distinctive "sense of belonging" felt by youth in the Haitian community necessitates further inquiry into what connections they (Haitian youth) have with both the majority Quebecois culture and the minority Haitian immigrant culture of Montreal. Since Quebec is a Francophone society in a North America that is majority Anglophone, this linguistic and cultural confusion sometimes results in immigrant youth assuming multiple identities in order to "fit …

Attitudes Of Native English-Speaking Professors Toward University Esl Students, Shirley A. Wright

Linguistics & TESOL Dissertations - Archive

This study focuses on native English-speaking business professors to explore issues of stereotyping and error gravity in terms of university ESL (English as a Second Language) students. Specifically, this dissertation has four goals: (1) to discover what types of judgments business professors make about students, (2) to determine whether they make judgments about students based on written language samples, (3) to discover whether these judgments vary according to various grammatical error types in written language samples (whether an error hierarchy obtains for written grammatical errors), and (4) to explore what linguistic variables might influence those judgments. On the basis of …

Review Of The Software "Dans Un Quartier De Paris", Lara Lomicka, Hélène Gresso

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Perception And Analysis Of Spanish Accents In English Speech, Corinne Ann Kropf

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

The purpose of the present study was to determine what relates most closely to the degree of perceived foreign accent in the English speech of native Spanish speakers: intonation, vowel length, stress, voice onset time (VOT), or segmental accuracy. Nineteen native English speaking listeners rated speech samples from 7 native English speakers and 15 native Spanish speakers for comprehensibility and degree of foreign accent. The speech samples were analyzed spectrographically and auditorally to obtain numerical values for each variable. These values and the average foreign accent scores were submitted to Pearson correlations. Results show that the average foreign accent scores …

The Universal Grammar Of Criminal Law, Stuart P. Green

Michigan Law Review

There is something about the criminal law that invites comparative analysis. The interests it protects are so basic, and its concerns so fundamental, that it is natural to ask whether there are aspects of criminal law that are somehow universal. We want to know whether familiar concepts such as murder and manslaughter, intent and negligence, and insanity and mistake, are characteristic of other systems of criminal law as well, and, if so, what role they play there. In the last generation, no criminal law scholar has made better use of comparative law techniques than George Fletcher, the Cardozo Professor of …

Feature Evaluation, Classification And Rule Generation Using Fuzzy Sets And Neural Networks., Rajat Kumar De Dr.

Doctoral Theses

Pattern recognition and machine learning form a major area of research and develop- ment activity that encompasses the processing of pictorial and other non-numerical information obtained from the interaction between science, technology and society. A motivation for the spurt of activity in this field is the need for people to com- municate with the computing machines in their natural mode of communication. Another important motivation is that the scientists are also concerned with the idea of designing and making intelligent machines that can carry out certain tasks that we human beings do. The most salient outcome of these is the …

Similarity Based Approximate Reasoning., Swapan Raha Dr.

Doctoral Theses

Many years of research in Artificial Intelligence, Cognitive Science and allied area reveal that the cognitive process of human reasoning deals with imprecise premises. As cognitive process of human reasoning is mainly concerned with the individual's perception, it is liable to be imprecise in nature. Precise traditional two-valued logic and/or multi-valued logics are not effective in handling such reasoning processes. This motivated Zadeh (109) to investigate how these impreciseness in human rea- soning could be modeled through some computable entities. In this regard, Zadeh has shown how such imprecise linguistic terms could be expressed through fuzzy sets over universes of …