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Probing The Metabolic Phenotype Of Breast Cancer Cells By Multiple Tracer Stable Isotope Resolved Metabolomics, Andrew N. Lane, Julie Tan, Yali Wang, Jun Yan, Richard M. Higashi, Teresa W. -M. Fan

Center for Environmental and Systems Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Breast cancers vary by their origin and specific set of genetic lesions, which gives rise to distinct phenotypes and differential response to targeted and untargeted chemotherapies. To explore the functional differences of different breast cell types, we performed Stable Isotope Resolved Metabolomics (SIRM) studies of one primary breast (HMEC) and three breast cancer cells (MCF-7, MDAMB-231, and ZR75-1) having distinct genotypes and growth characteristics, using ¹³C₆-glucose, ¹³C-1+2-glucose, ¹³C₅,¹⁵N₂-Gln, ¹³C₃-glycerol, and ¹³C₈-octanoate as tracers. These tracers were designed to probe the central energy producing …

Efficacy And Safety Of Abatacept, A T-Cell Modulator, In A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase Iii Study In Psoriatic Arthritis., Philip Mease, Alice B Gottlieb, Désirée Van Der Heijde, Oliver Fitzgerald, Alyssa Johnsen, Marleen Nys, Subhashis Banerjee, Dafna D Gladman

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy and safety of abatacept, a selective T-cell costimulation modulator, in a phase III study in psoriatic arthritis (PsA).

METHODS: This study randomised patients (1:1) with active PsA (~60% with prior exposure to a tumour necrosis factor inhibitor) to blinded weekly subcutaneous abatacept 125 mg (n=213) or placebo (n=211) for 24 weeks, followed by open-label subcutaneous abatacept. Patients without ≥20% improvement in joint counts at week 16 were switched to open-label abatacept. The primary end point was the proportion of patients with ≥20% improvement in the American College of Rheumatology (ACR20) criteria at week 24.

RESULTS: …

Rare Coding Variants In Plcg2, Abi3, And Trem2 Implicate Microglial-Mediated Innate Immunity In Alzheimer's Disease., Rebecca Sims, Sven J Van Der Lee, Adam C Naj, Céline Bellenguez, Nandini Badarinarayan, Johanna Jakobsdottir, Brian W Kunkle, Anne Boland, Rachel Raybould, Joshua C Bis, Eden R Martin, Benjamin Grenier-Boley, Stefanie Heilmann-Heimbach, Vincent Chouraki, Amanda B Kuzma, Kristel Sleegers, Maria Vronskaya, Agustin Ruiz, Robert R Graham, Robert Olaso, Per Hoffmann, Megan L Grove, Badri N Vardarajan, Mikko Hiltunen, Markus M Nöthen, Charles C White, Kara L Hamilton-Nelson, Jacques Epelbaum, Wolfgang Maier, Seung-Hoan Choi, Gary W Beecham, Cécile Dulary, Stefan Herms, Albert V Smith, Cory C Funk, Céline Derbois, Andreas J Forstner, Shahzad Ahmad, Hongdong Li, Delphine Bacq, Denise Harold, Claudia L Satizabal, Otto Valladares, Alessio Squassina, Rhodri Thomas, Jennifer A Brody, Liming Qu, Pascual Sánchez-Juan, Taniesha Morgan, Frank J Wolters, Yi Zhao, Florentino Sanchez Garcia, Nicola Denning, Myriam Fornage, John Malamon, Maria Candida Deniz Naranjo, Elisa Majounie, Thomas H Mosley, Beth Dombroski, David Wallon, Michelle K Lupton, Josée Dupuis, Patrice Whitehead, Laura Fratiglioni, Christopher Medway, Xueqiu Jian, Shubhabrata Mukherjee, Lina Keller, Kristelle Brown, Honghuang Lin, Laura B Cantwell, Francesco Panza, Bernadette Mcguinness, Sonia Moreno-Grau, Jeremy D Burgess, Vincenzo Solfrizzi, Petra Proitsi, Hieab H Adams, Mariet Allen, Davide Seripa, Pau Pastor, L Adrienne Cupples, Nathan D Price, Didier Hannequin, Ana Frank-García, Daniel Levy, Paramita Chakrabarty, Paolo Caffarra, Ina Giegling, Alexa S Beiser, Vilmantas Giedraitis, Harald Hampel, Melissa E Garcia, Xue Wang, Lars Lannfelt, Patrizia Mecocci, Gudny Eiriksdottir, Paul K Crane, Florence Pasquier, Virginia Boccardi, Isabel Henández, Robert C Barber, Martin Scherer, Lluis Tarraga, Perrie M Adams, Markus Leber, Yuning Chen, Marilyn S Albert, Steffi Riedel-Heller, Valur Emilsson, Duane Beekly, Anne Braae, Reinhold Schmidt, Deborah Blacker, Carlo Masullo, Helena Schmidt, Rachelle S Doody, Gianfranco Spalletta, W T Longstreth, Thomas J Fairchild, Paola Bossù, Oscar L Lopez, Matthew P Frosch, Eleonora Sacchinelli, Bernardino Ghetti, Qiong Yang, Ryan M Huebinger, Frank Jessen, Shuo Li, M Ilyas Kamboh, John Morris, Oscar Sotolongo-Grau, Mindy J Katz, Chris Corcoran, Melanie Dunstan, Amy Braddel, Charlene Thomas, Alun Meggy, Rachel Marshall, Amy Gerrish, Jade Chapman, Miquel Aguilar, Sarah Taylor, Matt Hill, Mònica Díez Fairén, Angela Hodges, Bruno Vellas, Hilkka Soininen, Iwona Kloszewska, Makrina Daniilidou, James Uphill, Yogen Patel, Joseph T Hughes, Jenny Lord, James Turton, Annette M Hartmann, Roberta Cecchetti, Chiara Fenoglio, Maria Serpente, Marina Arcaro, Carlo Caltagirone, Maria Donata Orfei, Antonio Ciaramella, Sabrina Pichler, Manuel Mayhaus, Wei Gu, Alberto Lleó, Juan Fortea, Rafael Blesa, Imelda S Barber, Keeley Brookes, Chiara Cupidi, Raffaele Giovanni Maletta, David Carrell, Sandro Sorbi, Susanne Moebus, Maria Urbano, Alberto Pilotto, Johannes Kornhuber, Paolo Bosco, Stephen Todd, David Craig, Janet Johnston, Michael Gill, Brian Lawlor, Aoibhinn Lynch, Nick C Fox, John Hardy, Roger L Albin, Liana G Apostolova, Steven E Arnold, Sanjay Asthana, Craig S Atwood, Clinton T Baldwin, Lisa L Barnes, Sandra Barral, Thomas G Beach, James T Becker, Eileen H Bigio, Thomas D Bird, Bradley F Boeve, James D Bowen, Adam Boxer, James R Burke, Jeffrey M Burns, Joseph D Buxbaum, Nigel J Cairns, Chuanhai Cao, Chris S Carlson, Cynthia M Carlsson, Regina M Carney, Minerva M Carrasquillo, Steven L Carroll, Carolina Ceballos Diaz, Helena C Chui, David G Clark, David H Cribbs, Elizabeth A Crocco, Charles Decarli, Malcolm Dick, Ranjan Duara, Denis A Evans, Kelley M Faber, Kenneth B Fallon, David W Fardo, Martin R Farlow, Steven Ferris, Tatiana M Foroud, Douglas R Galasko, Marla Gearing, Daniel H Geschwind, John R Gilbert, Neill R Graff-Radford, Robert C Green, John H Growdon, Ronald L Hamilton, Lindy E Harrell, Lawrence S Honig, Matthew J Huentelman, Christine M Hulette, Bradley T Hyman, Gail P Jarvik, Erin Abner, Lee-Way Jin, Gyungah Jun, Anna Karydas, Jeffrey A Kaye, Ronald Kim, Neil W Kowall, Joel H Kramer, Frank M Laferla, James J Lah, James B Leverenz, Allan I Levey, Ge Li, Andrew P Lieberman, Kathryn L Lunetta, Constantine G Lyketsos, Daniel C Marson, Frank Martiniuk, Deborah C Mash, Eliezer Masliah, Wayne C Mccormick, Susan M Mccurry, Andrew N Mcdavid, Ann C Mckee, Marsel Mesulam, Bruce L Miller, Carol A Miller, Joshua W Miller, John C Morris, Jill R Murrell, Amanda J Myers, Sid O'Bryant, John M Olichney, Vernon S Pankratz, Joseph E Parisi, Henry L Paulson, William Perry, Elaine Peskind, Aimee Pierce, Wayne W Poon, Huntington Potter, Joseph F Quinn, Ashok Raj, Murray Raskind, Barry Reisberg, Christiane Reitz, John M Ringman, Erik D Roberson, Ekaterina Rogaeva, Howard J Rosen, Roger N Rosenberg, Mark A Sager, Andrew J Saykin, Julie A Schneider, Lon S Schneider, William W Seeley, Amanda G Smith, Joshua A Sonnen, Salvatore Spina, Robert A Stern, Russell H Swerdlow, Rudolph E Tanzi, Tricia A Thornton-Wells, John Q Trojanowski, Juan C Troncoso, Vivianna M Van Deerlin, Linda J Van Eldik, Harry V Vinters, Jean Paul Vonsattel, Sandra Weintraub, Kathleen A Welsh-Bohmer, Kirk C Wilhelmsen, Jennifer Williamson, Thomas S Wingo, Randall L Woltjer, Clinton B Wright, Chang-En Yu, Lei Yu, Fabienne Garzia, Feroze Golamaully, Gislain Septier, Sebastien Engelborghs, Rik Vandenberghe, Peter P De Deyn, Carmen Muñoz Fernadez, Yoland Aladro Benito, Hakan Thonberg, Charlotte Forsell, Lena Lilius, Anne Kinhult-Stählbom, Lena Kilander, Rosemarie Brundin, Letizia Concari, Seppo Helisalmi, Anne Maria Koivisto, Annakaisa Haapasalo, Vincent Dermecourt, Nathalie Fievet, Olivier Hanon, Carole Dufouil, Alexis Brice, Karen Ritchie, Bruno Dubois, Jayanadra J Himali, C Dirk Keene, Joann Tschanz, Annette L Fitzpatrick, Walter A Kukull, Maria Norton, Thor Aspelund, Eric B Larson, Ron Munger, Jerome I Rotter, Richard B Lipton, María J Bullido, Albert Hofman, Thomas J Montine, Eliecer Coto, Eric Boerwinkle, Ronald C Petersen, Victoria Alvarez, Fernando Rivadeneira, Eric M Reiman, Maura Gallo, Christopher J O'Donnell, Joan S Reisch, Amalia Cecilia Bruni, Donald R Royall, Martin Dichgans, Mary Sano, Daniela Galimberti, Peter St George-Hyslop, Elio Scarpini, Debby W Tsuang, Michelangelo Mancuso, Ubaldo Bonuccelli, Ashley R Winslow, Antonio Daniele, Chuang-Kuo Wu, Oliver Peters, Benedetta Nacmias, Matthias Riemenschneider, Reinhard Heun, Carol Brayne, David C Rubinsztein, Jose Bras, Rita Guerreiro, Ammar Al-Chalabi, Christopher E Shaw, John Collinge, David Mann, Magda Tsolaki, Jordi Clarimón, Rebecca Sussams, Simon Lovestone, Michael C O'Donovan, Michael J Owen, Timothy W Behrens, Simon Mead, Alison M Goate, Andre G Uitterlinden, Clive Holmes, Carlos Cruchaga, Martin Ingelsson, David A Bennett, John Powell, Todd E Golde, Caroline Graff, Philip L De Jager, Kevin Morgan, Nilufer Ertekin-Taner, Onofre Combarros, Bruce M Psaty, Peter Passmore, Steven G Younkin, Claudine Berr, Vilmundur Gudnason, Dan Rujescu, Dennis W Dickson, Jean-François Dartigues, Anita L Destefano, Sara Ortega-Cubero, Hakon Hakonarson, Dominique Campion, Merce Boada, John Keoni Kauwe, Lindsay A Farrer, Christine Van Broeckhoven, M Arfan Ikram, Lesley Jones, Jonathan L Haines, Christophe Tzourio, Lenore J Launer, Valentina Escott-Price, Richard Mayeux, Jean-François Deleuze, Najaf Amin, Peter A Holmans, Margaret A Pericak-Vance, Philippe Amouyel, Cornelia M Van Duijn, Alfredo Ramirez, Li-San Wang, Jean-Charles Lambert, Sudha Seshadri, Julie Williams, Gerard D Schellenberg

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

We identified rare coding variants associated with Alzheimer's disease in a three-stage case-control study of 85,133 subjects. In stage 1, we genotyped 34,174 samples using a whole-exome microarray. In stage 2, we tested associated variants (P < 1 × 10

Extended-Spectrum Antiprotozoal Bumped Kinase Inhibitors: A Review, Wesley C. Van Voorhis, J. Stone Doggett, Marilyn Parsons, Matthew A. Hulverson, Ryan Choi, Samuel L. M. Arnold, Michael W. Riggs, Andrew Hemphill, Daniel K. Howe, Robert H. Mealey, Audrey O. T. Lau, Ethan A. Merritt, Dustin J. Maly, Erkang Fan, Kayode K. Ojo

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Many life-cycle processes in parasites are regulated by protein phosphorylation. Hence, disruption of essential protein kinase function has been explored for therapy of parasitic diseases. However, the difficulty of inhibiting parasite protein kinases to the exclusion of host orthologues poses a practical challenge. A possible path around this difficulty is the use of bumped kinase inhibitors for targeting calcium dependent protein kinases that contain atypically small gatekeeper residues and are crucial for pathogenic apicomplexan parasites’ survival and proliferation. In this review, we review efficacy against the kinase target, the parasite growth in vitro, and in animal infection models, as well …

The Rna-Binding Protein Hur Contributes To Neuroinflammation By Promoting C-C Chemokine Receptor 6 (Ccr6) Expression On Th17 Cells., Jing Chen, Jennifer L. Martindale, Carole Cramer, Myriam Gorospe, Ulus Atasoy, Paul D. Drew, Shiguang Yu

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

In both multiple sclerosis and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the C-C chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) is critical for pathogenic T helper 17 (Th17) cell migration to the central nervous system (CNS). Whereas many cytokines and their receptors are potently regulated via post-transcriptional mechanisms in response to various stimuli, how CCR6 expression is post-transcriptionally regulated in Th17 cells is unknown. Here, using RNA-binding protein HuR conditional knock-out (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice, we present evidence that HuR post-transcriptionally regulates CCR6 expression by binding to and stabilizing Ccr6 mRNA and by promoting CCR6 translation. We also found that HuR down-regulates several microRNA …

Ibrutinib Unmasks Critical Role Of Bruton Tyrosine Kinase In Primary Cns Lymphoma., Christian Grommes, Alessandro Pastore, Nicolaos Palaskas, Sarah S. Tang, Carl Campos, Derrek Schartz, Paolo Codega, Donna Nichol, Owen Clark, Wan-Ying Hsieh, Dan Rohle, Marc Rosenblum, Agnes Viale, Viviane S. Tabar, Cameron W. Brennan, Igor T. Gavrilovic, Thomas J. Kaley, Craig P. Nolan, Antonio Omuro, Elena Pentsova, Alissa A. Thomas, Elina Tsyvkin, Ariela Noy, M. Lia Palomba, Paul Hamlin, Craig S. Sauter, Craig H. Moskowitz, Julia Wolfe, Ahmet Dogan, Minhee Won, Jon Glass, Scott Peak, Enrico C. Lallana, Vaios Hatzoglou, Anne S. Reiner, Philip H. Gutin, Jason T. Huse, Katherine S. Panageas, Thomas G. Graeber, Nikolaus Schultz, Lisa M. Deangelis, Ingo K. Mellinghoff

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) links the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) and Toll-like receptors with NF-κB. The role of BTK in primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma (PCNSL) is unknown. We performed a phase I clinical trial with ibrutinib, the first-in-class BTK inhibitor, for patients with relapsed or refractory CNS lymphoma. Clinical responses to ibrutinib occurred in 10 of 13 (77%) patients with PCNSL, including five complete responses. The only PCNSL with complete ibrutinib resistance harbored a mutation within the coiled-coil domain of CARD11, a known ibrutinib resistance mechanism. Incomplete tumor responses were associated with mutations in the B-cell antigen receptor-associated …

Multimodality Therapy Improves Survival In Intramedullary Spinal Cord Metastasis Of Lung Primary, Hayder Saeed, Reema Patel, Jigisha Thakkar, Lames Hamoodi, Li Chen, John L. Villano

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Most metastatic spinal cord lesions are located either in the intradural, extramedullary, or in the epidural compartments. Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis (ISCM) is a rare central nervous system spread of cancer. The aim of this report was to evaluate ISCM in the published literature.

Methods: A literature review of PubMed from 1960 to 2016 was undertaken for the publications having demographic, clinical, histological, and outcome data.

Results: A total of 59 relevant papers were identified, showing 128 cases of intramedullary metastasis from lung cancer. The incidence of lung cancer as the primary malignancy with intramedullary metastasis was 56%. The …

Cross-Lagged Relations Between Motives And Substance Use: Can Use Strengthen Your Motivation Over Time?, Christine A. Lee, Karen J Derefinko, Heather A. Davis, Richard S. Milich, Donald R. Lynam

Psychology Faculty Publications

Motives for substance use have garnered considerable attention due to the strong predictive utility of this construct, both in terms of use and problems associated with use. The current study examined the cross-lagged relations between alcohol use and motives, and marijuana use and motives over three yearly assessment periods in a large sample (N = 526, 48% male) of college students. The relations between substance use and motives were assessed at each time point, allowing for the examination of these inter-relations over time. Results indicated different trends based on the type of substance. For alcohol use, cross-lagged trends were …

Thiamine Deficiency And Neurodegeneration: The Interplay Among Oxidative Stress, Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress, And Autophagy, Dexiang Liu, Zunji Ke, Jia Luo

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Thiamine (vitamin B1) is an essential nutrient and indispensable for normal growth and development of the organism due to its multilateral participation in key biochemical and physiological processes. Humans must obtain thiamine from their diet since it is synthesized only in bacteria, fungi, and plants. Thiamine deficiency (TD) can result from inadequate intake, increased requirement, excessive deletion, and chronic alcohol consumption. TD affects multiple organ systems, including the cardiovascular, muscular, gastrointestinal, and central and peripheral nervous systems. In the brain, TD causes a cascade of events including mild impairment of oxidative metabolism, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration, which are commonly observed in …

Hyperfiltration-Associated Biomechanical Forces In Glomerular Injury And Response: Potential Role For Eicosanoids., Mukut Sharma, Ram Sharma, Ellen T. Mccarthy, Virginia J. Savin, Tarak Srivastava

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Hyperfiltration is a well-known risk factor in progressive loss of renal function in chronic kidney disease (CKD) secondary to various diseases. A reduced number of functional nephrons due to congenital or acquired cause(s) results in hyperfiltration in the remnant kidney. Hyperfiltration-associated increase in biomechanical forces, namely pressure-induced tensile stress and fluid flow-induced shear stress (FFSS) determine cellular injury and response. We believe the current treatment of CKD yields limited success because it largely attenuates pressure-induced tensile stress changes but not the effect of FFSS on podocytes. Studies on glomerular podocytes, tubular epithelial cells and bone osteocytes provide evidence for a …

Intracranial Eeg Fluctuates Over Months After Implanting Electrodes In Human Brain., Hoameng Ung, Steven N. Baldassano, Hank Bink, Abba M. Krieger, Shawniqua Williams, Flavia Vitale, Chengyuan Wu, Dean Freestone, Ewan Nurse, Kent Leyde, Kathryn A. Davis, Mark Cook, Brian Litt

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: Implanting subdural and penetrating electrodes in the brain causes acute trauma and inflammation that affect intracranial electroencephalographic (iEEG) recordings. This behavior and its potential impact on clinical decision-making and algorithms for implanted devices have not been assessed in detail. In this study we aim to characterize the temporal and spatial variability of continuous, prolonged human iEEG recordings.

APPROACH: Intracranial electroencephalography from 15 patients with drug-refractory epilepsy, each implanted with 16 subdural electrodes and continuously monitored for an average of 18 months, was included in this study. Time and spectral domain features were computed each day for each channel for …

Redefining The Endophenotype Concept To Accommodate Transdiagnostic Vulnerabilities And Etiological Complexity, Theodore P. Beauchaine, John N. Constantino

Open Access Publications

In psychopathology research, endophenotypes are a subset of biomarkers that indicate genetic vulnerability independent of clinical state. To date, an explicit expectation is that endophenotypes be specific to single disorders. We evaluate this expectation considering recent advances in psychiatric genetics, recognition that transdiagnostic vulnerability traits are often more useful than clinical diagnoses in psychiatric genetics, and appreciation for etiological complexity across genetic, neural, hormonal and environmental levels of analysis. We suggest that the disorder-specificity requirement of endophenotypes be relaxed, that neural functions are preferable to behaviors as starting points in searches for endophenotypes, and that future research should focus on …

The Role Of Efferent Reduction Of Cochlear Compression In The Detection Of Tones In Noise, Shaum Bhagat, Anusha Yellamsetty

Faculty Publications

Stimulation of medial olivocochlear (MOC) efferent neurons reduces basilar membrane (BM) sensitivity and increases the slope of BM input-output (I/O) functions in animal models. Decreased compression of I/O functions associated with activation of MOC efferent neurons may assist in extending the neural response to the tone above that of noise, leading to an improvement in masked thresholds. To evaluate this hypothesis, the distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) I/O function, a proxy measure of BM compression, was examined in conditions with presentation of contralateral noise. DPOAE I/O functions were measured at f2 frequencies of 1000 and 2000 Hz in 16 normal-hearing adults. …

Amlexanox Enhances Premature Termination Codon Read-Through In Col7a1 And Expression Of Full Length Type Vii Collagen: Potential Therapy For Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa., Velina S. Atanasova, Qiujie Jiang, Marco Prisco, Christina Gruber, Josefina Piñón Hofbauer, Mei Chen, Cristina Has, Leena Bruckner-Tuderman, John A. Mcgrath, Jouni Uitto, Andrew P. South

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a rare monogenic blistering disorder caused by the lack of functional type VII collagen, leading to skin fragility and subsequent trauma-induced separation of the epidermis from the underlying dermis. A total of 46% of patients with RDEB harbor at least one premature termination codon (PTC) mutation in COL7A1, and previous studies have shown that aminoglycosides are able to overcome RDEB PTC mutations by inducing "read-through" and incorporation of an amino acid at the PTC site. However, aminoglycoside toxicity will likely prevent widespread clinical application. Here the FDA-approved drug amlexanox was tested for its ability …

Increasing Use Of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation In Patients Aged 70 Years And Older In The United States, Lori Muffly, Marcelo C. Pasquini, Michael Martens, Ruta Brazauskas, Xiaochun Zhu, Kehinde Adekola, Mahmoud Aljurf, Karen K. Ballen, Ashish Bajel, Frederic Baron, Minoo Battiwalla, Amer Beitinjaneh, Jean-Yves Cahn, Mathew Carabasi, Yi-Bin Chen, Saurabh Chhabra, Stefan Ciurea, Edward Copelan, Anita D'Souza, John Edwards, James Foran, Cesar O. Freytes, Henry C. Fung, Robert Peter Gale, Sergio Giralt, Shahrukh K. Hashmi, Gerhard C. Hildebrandt, Vincent Ho, Ann Jakubowski, Hillard Lazarus

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

In this study, we evaluated trends and outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) in adults ≥ 70 years with hematologic malignancies across the United States. Adults ≥ 70 years with a hematologic malignancy undergoing first allogeneic HCT in the United States between 2000 and 2013 and reported to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research were eligible. Transplant utilization and transplant outcomes, including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and transplant-related mortality (TRM) were studied. One thousand one hundred and six patients ≥ 70 years underwent HCT across 103 transplant centers. The number and proportion of allografts …

Pulmonary Tumor Embolism Secondary To Soft Tissue And Bone Sarcomas: A Case Report And Literature Review., Nicholas Latchana, Vincent C Daniel, Robert W Gould, Raphael E Pollock

Oncology Articles

BACKGROUND: Tumor embolisms (TE) are an underappreciated source of pulmonary embolisms in sarcoma. Most evidence in the literature is limited to case reports and none have described the presence of TE secondary to myxofibrosarcoma. We report the first case of myxofibrosarcoma TE and perform a review of the literature for TE secondary to bone and soft tissue sarcomas (STS).

CASE PRESENTATION: A 36-year-old female presented with debilitating pain of the right upper extremity secondary to a recurrent soft tissue sarcoma. She had distant metastasis to the lung. An MRI revealed a 25-cm shoulder mass involving the proximal arm muscles with …

Challenges And Considerations Related To Studying Dementia In Blacks/African Americans, Eseosa T. Ighodaro, Peter T. Nelson, Walter A. Kukull, Frederick A. Schmitt, Erin L. Abner, Allison M. Caban-Holt, Shoshana H. Bardach, Derrick C. Hord, Crystal M. Glover, Gregory A. Jicha, Linda J. Van Eldik, Alexander X. Byrd, Anita Fernander

Neuroscience Faculty Publications

Blacks/African Americans have been reported to be ~2–4 times more likely to develop clinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) compared to Whites. Unfortunately, study design challenges (e.g., recruitment bias), racism, mistrust of healthcare providers and biomedical researchers, confounders related to socioeconomic status, and other sources of bias are often ignored when interpreting differences in human subjects categorized by race. Failure to account for these factors can lead to misinterpretation of results, reification of race as biology, discrimination, and missed or delayed diagnoses. Here we provide a selected historical background, discuss challenges, present opportunities, and suggest considerations for studying health outcomes among racial/ethnic …

In Situ Capture Of Chromatin Interactions By Biotinylated Dcas9., Xin Liu, Yuannyu Zhang, Yong Chen, Mushan Li, Feng Zhou, Kailong Li, Hui Cao, Min Ni, Yuxuan Liu, Zhimin Gu, Kathryn E Dickerson, Shiqi Xie, Gary C Hon, Zhenyu Xuan, Michael Q Zhang, Zhen Shao, Jian Xu

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

Cis-regulatory elements (CREs) are commonly recognized by correlative chromatin features, yet the molecular composition of the vast majority of CREs in chromatin remains unknown. Here, we describe a CRISPR affinity purification in situ of regulatory elements (CAPTURE) approach to unbiasedly identify locus-specific chromatin-regulating protein complexes and long-range DNA interactions. Using an in vivo biotinylated nuclease-deficient Cas9 protein and sequence-specific guide RNAs, we show high-resolution and selective isolation of chromatin interactions at a single-copy genomic locus. Purification of human telomeres using CAPTURE identifies known and new telomeric factors. In situ capture of individual constituents of the enhancer cluster controlling human β-globin …

Smartscope2: Simultaneous Imaging And Reconstruction Of Neuronal Morphology., Brian Long, Zhi Zhou, Ali Cetin, Jonathan Ting, Ryder Gwinn, Bosiljka Tasic, Tanya Daigle, Ed Lein, Hongkui Zeng, Peter Saggau, Michael Hawrylycz, Hanchuan Peng

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Quantitative analysis of neuronal morphology is critical in cell type classification and for deciphering how structure gives rise to function in the brain. Most current approaches to imaging and tracing neuronal 3D morphology are data intensive. We introduce SmartScope2, the first open source, automated neuron reconstruction machine integrating online image analysis with automated multiphoton imaging. SmartScope2 takes advantage of a neuron's sparse morphology to improve imaging speed and reduce image data stored, transferred and analyzed. We show that SmartScope2 is able to produce the complex 3D morphology of human and mouse cortical neurons with six-fold reduction in image data requirements …

Multi-Laboratory Assessment Of Reproducibility, Qualitative And Quantitative Performance Of Swath-Mass Spectrometry., Ben C Collins, Christie L Hunter, Yansheng Liu, Birgit Schilling, George Rosenberger, Samuel L Bader, Daniel W Chan, Bradford W Gibson, Anne-Claude Gingras, Jason M Held, Mio Hirayama-Kurogi, Guixue Hou, Christoph Krisp, Brett Larsen, Liang Lin, Siqi Liu, Mark P Molloy, Robert L Moritz, Sumio Ohtsuki, Ralph Schlapbach, Nathalie Selevsek, Stefani N Thomas, Shin-Cheng Tzeng, Hui Zhang, Ruedi Aebersold

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Quantitative proteomics employing mass spectrometry is an indispensable tool in life science research. Targeted proteomics has emerged as a powerful approach for reproducible quantification but is limited in the number of proteins quantified. SWATH-mass spectrometry consists of data-independent acquisition and a targeted data analysis strategy that aims to maintain the favorable quantitative characteristics (accuracy, sensitivity, and selectivity) of targeted proteomics at large scale. While previous SWATH-mass spectrometry studies have shown high intra-lab reproducibility, this has not been evaluated between labs. In this multi-laboratory evaluation study including 11 sites worldwide, we demonstrate that using SWATH-mass spectrometry data acquisition we can consistently …

Rational Confederation Of Genes And Diseases: Ngs Interpretation Via Genecards, Malacards And Varelect., Noa Rappaport, Simon Fishilevich, Ron Nudel, Michal Twik, Frida Belinky, Inbar Plaschkes, Tsippi Iny Stein, Dana Cohen, Danit Oz-Levi, Marilyn Safran, Doron Lancet

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

BACKGROUND: A key challenge in the realm of human disease research is next generation sequencing (NGS) interpretation, whereby identified filtered variant-harboring genes are associated with a patient's disease phenotypes. This necessitates bioinformatics tools linked to comprehensive knowledgebases. The GeneCards suite databases, which include GeneCards (human genes), MalaCards (human diseases) and PathCards (human pathways) together with additional tools, are presented with the focus on MalaCards utility for NGS interpretation as well as for large scale bioinformatic analyses.

RESULTS: VarElect, our NGS interpretation tool, leverages the broad information in the GeneCards suite databases. MalaCards algorithms unify disease-related terms and annotations from 69 …

Human Milk And Allergic Diseases: An Unsolved Puzzle, Daniel Munblit, Diego G. Peroni, Alba Boix-Amorós, Peter S. Hsu, Belinda Van't Land, Melvin C. L. Gay, Anastasia Kolotilina, Chrysanthi Skevaki, Robert J. Boyle, Maria C. Collado, Johan Garssen, Donna T. Geddes, Ralph Nanan, Carolyn Slupsky, Ganesa Wegienka, Anita L. Kozyrskyj, John O. Warner

Public Health Sciences Articles

There is conflicting evidence on the protective role of breastfeeding in relation to the development of allergic sensitisation and allergic disease. Studies vary in methodology and definition of outcomes, which lead to considerable heterogeneity. Human milk composition varies both within and between individuals, which may partially explain conflicting data. It is known that human milk composition is very complex and contains variable levels of immune active molecules, oligosaccharides, metabolites, vitamins and other nutrients and microbial content. Existing evidence suggests that modulation of human breast milk composition has potential for preventing allergic diseases in early life. In this review, we discuss …

Tia1 Mutations In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis And Frontotemporal Dementia Promote Phase Separation And Alter Stress Granule Dynamics., Ian R. Mackenzie, Alexandra M. Nicholson, Mohona Sarkar, James Messing, Maria D. Purice, Cyril Pottier, Kavya Annu, Matt Baker, Ralph B. Perkerson, Aishe Kurti, Billie J. Matchett, Tanja Mittag, Jamshid Temirov, Ging-Yuek R. Hsiung, Charles Krieger, Melissa E. Murray, Masato Kato, John D. Fryer, Leonard Petrucelli, Lorne Zinman, Sandra Weintraub, Marsel Mesulam, Julia Keith, Sasha A. Zivkovic, Veronica Hirsch-Reinshagen, Raymond P. Roos, Stephan Züchner, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Ronald C. Petersen, Richard J. Caselli, Zbigniew K. Wszolek, Elizabeth Finger, Carol Lippa, David Lacomis, Heather Stewart, Dennis W. Dickson, Hong Joo Kim, Ekaterina Rogaeva, Eileen Bigio, Kevin B. Boylan, J. Paul Taylor, Rosa Rademakers

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are age-related neurodegenerative disorders with shared genetic etiologies and overlapping clinical and pathological features. Here we studied a novel ALS/FTD family and identified the P362L mutation in the low-complexity domain (LCD) of T cell-restricted intracellular antigen-1 (TIA1). Subsequent genetic association analyses showed an increased burden of TIA1 LCD mutations in ALS patients compared to controls (p = 8.7 × 10

Interleukin-6 (Il-6) Rs1800796 And Cyclin Dependent Kinase Inhibitor (Cdkn2a/Cdkn2b) Rs2383207 Are Associated With Ischemic Stroke In Indigenous West African Men, Rufus Akinyemi, Donna K. Arnett, Hemant K. Tiwari, Bruce Ovbiagele, Fred Sarfo, Vinodh Srinivasasainagendra, Marguerite Ryan Irvin, Abiodun Adeoye, Rodney T. Perry, Albert Akpalu, Carolyn Jenkins, Lukman Owolabi, Reginald Obiako, Kolawole Wahab, Emmanuel Sanya, Morenikeji Komolafe, Michael Fawale, Philip Adebayo, Godwin Osaigbovo, Taofiki Sunmonu, Paul Olowoyo, Innocent Chukwuonye, Yahaya Obiabo, Onoja Akpa, Sylvia Melikam, Raelle Saulson, Raj Kalaria, Adesola Ogunniyi, Mayowa Owolabi

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background—Inherited genetic variations offer a possible explanation for the observed peculiarities of stroke in sub – Saharan African populations. Interleukin–6 polymorphisms have been previously associated with ischemic stroke in some non-African populations.

Aim—Herein we investigated, for the first time, the association of genetic polymorphisms of IL-6 and CDKN2A- CDKN2B and other genes with ischemic stroke among indigenous West African participants in the Stroke Investigative Research and Education Network (SIREN) Study.

Methods—Twenty-three previously identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 14 genes of relevance to the neurobiology of ischemic stroke were investigated. Logistic regression models adjusting for known …

Epigenetic Regulation Of Kpc1 Ubiquitin Ligase Affects The Nf-Κb Pathway In Melanoma., Yuuki Iida, Aaron Ciechanover, Diego M Marzese, Keisuke Hata, Matias Bustos, Shigeshi Ono, Jinhua Wang, Matthew P Salomon, Kevin Tran, Stella Lam, Sandy Hsu, Nellie Nelson, Yelena Kravtsova-Ivantsiv, Gordon B Mills, Michael A Davies, Dave S B Hoon

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Purpose: Abnormal activation of the NF-κB pathway induces a more aggressive phenotype of cutaneous melanoma. Understanding the mechanisms involved in melanoma NF-κB activation may identify novel targets for this pathway. KPC1, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is a regulator of the NF-κB pathway. The objective of this study was to investigate the mechanisms regulating KPC1 expression and its clinical impact in melanoma.Experimental Design: The clinical impact of KPC1 expression and its epigenetic regulation were assessed in large cohorts of clinically well-annotated melanoma tissues (tissue microarrays; n = 137, JWCI cohort; n = 40) and The Cancer Genome Atlas database (TCGA …

Selective Inhibitors Of Human Mpges-1 From Structure-Based Computational Screening, Ziyuan Zhou, Yaxia Yuan, Shuo Zhou, Kai Ding, Fang Zheng, Chang-Guo Zhan

Molecular Modeling and Biopharmaceutical Center Faculty Publications

Human mPGES-1 is recognized as a promising target for next generation of anti-inflammatory drugs. Although various mPGES-1 inhibitors have been reported in literature, few have entered clinical trials and none has been proven clinically useful so far. It is highly desired for developing the next generation of therapeutics for inflammation-related diseases to design and discover novel inhibitors of mPGES-1 with new scaffolds. Here, we report the identification of a series of new, potent and selective inhibitors of human mPGES-1 with diverse scaffolds through combined computational and experimental studies. The computationally modeled binding structures of these new inhibitors with mPGES-1 provide …

Posttranscriptional Upregulation Of Idh1 By Hur Establishes A Powerful Survival Phenotype In Pancreatic Cancer Cells., Mahsa Zarei, Shruti Lal, Seth J. Parker, Avinoam Nevler, Ali Vaziri-Gohar, Katerina Dukleska, Nicole C. Mambelli-Lisboa, Cynthia Moffat, Fernando F Blanco, Saswati N. Chand, Masaya Jimbo, Joseph A. Cozzitorto, Wei Jiang, Charles J. Yeo, Eric R. Londin, Erin L. Seifert, Christian M. Metallo, Jonathan R. Brody, Jordan M. Winter

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Cancer aggressiveness may result from the selective pressure of a harsh nutrient-deprived microenvironment. Here we illustrate how such conditions promote chemotherapy resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Glucose or glutamine withdrawal resulted in a 5- to 10-fold protective effect with chemotherapy treatment. PDAC xenografts were less sensitive to gemcitabine in hypoglycemic mice compared with hyperglycemic mice. Consistent with this observation, patients receiving adjuvant gemcitabine (n = 107) with elevated serum glucose levels (HgbA1C > 6.5%) exhibited improved survival. We identified enhanced antioxidant defense as a driver of chemoresistance in this setting. ROS levels were doubled in vitro by either nutrient withdrawal …

Integrative Analysis Identifies Four Molecular And Clinical Subsets In Uveal Melanoma., A Gordon Robertson, Juliann Shih, Christina Yau, Ewan A Gibb, Junna Oba, Karen L Mungall, Julian M Hess, Vladislav Uzunangelov, Vonn Walter, Ludmila Danilova, Tara M Lichtenberg, Melanie Kucherlapati, Patrick K Kimes, Ming Tang, Alexander Penson, Ozgun Babur, Rehan Akbani, Christopher A Bristow, Katherine A Hoadley, Lisa Iype, Matthew T Chang, Andrew D Cherniack, Christopher Benz, Gordon B Mills, Roel G W Verhaak, Klaus G Griewank, Ina Felau, Jean C Zenklusen, Jeffrey E Gershenwald, Lynn Schoenfield, Alexander J Lazar, Mohamed H Abdel-Rahman, Sergio Roman-Roman, Marc-Henri Stern, Colleen M Cebulla, Michelle D Williams, Martine J Jager, Sarah E Coupland, Bita Esmaeli, Cyriac Kandoth, Scott E Woodman

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Comprehensive multiplatform analysis of 80 uveal melanomas (UM) identifies four molecularly distinct, clinically relevant subtypes: two associated with poor-prognosis monosomy 3 (M3) and two with better-prognosis disomy 3 (D3). We show that BAP1 loss follows M3 occurrence and correlates with a global DNA methylation state that is distinct from D3-UM. Poor-prognosis M3-UM divide into subsets with divergent genomic aberrations, transcriptional features, and clinical outcomes. We report change-of-function SRSF2 mutations. Within D3-UM, EIF1AX- and SRSF2/SF3B1-mutant tumors have distinct somatic copy number alterations and DNA methylation profiles, providing insight into the biology of these low- versus intermediate-risk clinical mutation subtypes.

Abl Kinase Regulation By Braf/Erk And Cooperation With Akt In Melanoma, Aditi Jain, Rakshamani Tripathi, Courtney P. Turpin, Chi Wang, Rina Plattner

Pharmacology and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

The melanoma incidence continues to increase, and the disease remains incurable for many due to its metastatic nature and high rate of therapeutic resistance. In particular, melanomas harboring BRAF^V600E and PTEN mutations often are resistant to current therapies, including BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi) and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Abl kinases (Abl/Arg) are activated in melanomas and drive progression; however, their mechanism of activation has not been established. Here we elucidate a novel link between BRAF^V600E/ERK signaling and Abl kinases. We demonstrate that BRAF^V600E/ERK play a critical role in binding, phosphorylating and regulating Abl localization and Abl/Arg activation …

Polymer Nanoassemblies With Hydrophobic Pendant Groups In The Core Induce False Positive Sirna Transfection In Luciferase Reporter Assays, Steven Rheiner, Derek Alexander Reichel, Piotr G. Rychahou, Tadahide Izumi, Hsin-Sheng Yang, Younsoo Bae

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Poly(ethylene glycol)-conjugated polyethylenimine (PEG-PEI) is a widely studied cationic polymer used to develop non-viral vectors for siRNA therapy of genetic disorders including cancer. Cell lines stably expressing luciferase reporter protein typically evaluate the transfection efficacy of siRNA/PEG-PEI complexes, however recent findings revealed that PEG-PEI can reduce luciferase expression independent of siRNA. This study elucidates a cause of the false positive effect in luciferase assays by using polymer nanoassemblies (PNAs) made from PEG, PEI, poly-(L-lysine) (PLL), palmitate (PAL), and deoxycholate (DOC): PEG-PEI (2P), PEG-PEI-PAL (3P), PEG-PLL (2P′), PEG-PLL-PAL (3P′), and PEG-PEI-DOC (2PD). In vitro transfection and western blot assays of luciferase …