Digital Commons Network^™

Mayor V. Fairfield Improvement Company: The Public's Apprehension To Accept Nineteenth Century Medical Advancements, Ryan Wiggins, Daniella Einik

Legal History Publications

The following paper first outlines the story behind Mayor v. Fairfield and the procedural progression of the case through the court of equity and the Court of Appeals. Second, the paper discusses nineteenth century medical views on leprosy and infectious diseases and the reluctance of the public to accept these medical views. Finally, the paper analyzes how both medical opinion and public perception impacted public health laws and judicial opinions at the time.

Comparing Health Systems: Hiv/Aids In India And The United States, Anita V. Tambay

Theses & ETDs

Public health systems function in ensuring the health needs of a population are met, focusing particularly on the prevention of ill health. Due to India’s enormous population, and the resultant strain on its resources, India’s public health system has proved inadequate. In the coming years, the Indian government should shift its focus towards addressing primary health care needs such as nutrition and prenatal care. In the US, though health standards are relatively high, disparities in health indicators can be seen across minority populations. These disparities indicate public health efforts are not reaching at-risk populations. Additionally, both India and the US …

Healthy Planet, Healthy People: Integrating Global Health Into The International Response To Climate Change, Lindsay Wiley

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

The potentially groundbreaking negotiations currently underway on the international response to climate change and national implementation of commitments under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) include a number of hotly contested issues: (1) what degree of climate change is acceptable as a basis for emissions targets, (2) to what extent and in what ways climate change mitigation should incorporate emissions reductions or increased sinks for developing countries, (3) whether the legal regime governing mitigation can take advantage of the huge mitigation potential of changed practices in the land use and agricultural sectors, (4) how adaptation should be …

Hope (Health Of Prisoner Evaluation): Pilot Study Of Prisoner Physical Health And Psychological Wellbeing, Sharan Kraemer, Natalie Gately, Jenny Kessell

Research outputs pre 2011

Prisons offer a unique opportunity to make positive interventions not only in relation to health issues but also to address the social determinants of ill health. Even with the limited knowledge we have had in regard to the health of WA's prisoners it is apparent that prisons concentrate patients with significantly greater levels of morbidity than most other environments. It is also apparent that this concentration of morbidity parallels deficits in housing, nutrition, employment, education and family structure and is multiplied dramatically by the blight of mental illness and drug and alcohol abuse. Western Australia is unequalled in the Western …

Digital Research Cycles: How Attitudes Toward Content, Culture And Technology Affect Web Development., Edward Scott

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

It has been estimated that one third of the world's population does not have access to "adequate" health care. Some 1.6 billion people live in countries experiencing "concentrated" acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemics. Many countries in Africa--and other low-income countries--are in dire need of help providing adequate health care services to their citizens. They require more hands-on care from Western health workers--and training so more African health workers can eventually care for their own citizens. But these countries also need assistance acquiring and implementing both texts--the body of medical information potentially available to them--and technology--the means by which that …

Hiv Testing In State Correctional Systems, James Lee Pope

Journal of Law and Health

In recent years, reports have surfaced that the prevalance of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) within U.S. prison systems is three to five times higher than that of the general population. These reports, combined with the release of new HIV testing guidelines by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) in 2006, have caused many states to change their laws and policies regarding HIV testing in state correctional facilities. This report briefly discusses some of the issues related to HIV testing within state correctional facilities. This report also discusses the methods of HIV testing currently used in …

Happiness And Punishment, Christopher J. Buccafusco, John Bronsteen, Jonathan S. Masur

All Faculty Scholarship

This article continues our project to apply groundbreaking new literature on the behavioral psychology of human happiness to some of the most deeply analyzed questions in law. Here we explain that the new psychological understandings of happiness interact in startling ways with the leading theories of criminal punishment. Punishment theorists, both retributivist and utilitarian, have failed to account for human beings' ability to adapt to changed circumstances, including fines and (surprisingly) imprisonment. At the same time, these theorists have largely ignored the severe hedonic losses brought about by the post-prison social and economic deprivations (unemployment, divorce, and disease) caused by …

Spirituality And Symptom Self Management Of Osteoarthritis, Lois M. Kannan Phd

Dissertations

Healthcare providers need to identify holistic self-care techniques that are endorsed by patients as effective strategies for symptom management of osteoarthritis, which is the single most common cause of disability in older adults. Research in this area may direct the development of interventions to ensure that older adults are afforded every opportunity to remain active and productive, with an improved health related quality of life, despite age related musculoskeletal conditions. The purpose of this study was to describe the relationships among symptom experience, symptom management, and symptom outcome based on spiritual well-being. A quantitative, descriptive, correlational, and noninterventional study design, …

Health Of The Herd Bull, Russ Daly

SDSU Extension Extra Archives

The importance of the herd bull to the reproductive performance and profitability of cow herds that utilize natural service cannot be underestimated. Health problems in a bull may result either in decreased fertility in that bull or, in the worst case, in an infectious disease that could spread to the rest of the breeding herd, with disastrous results for herd fertility. For these reasons, the health of incoming and existing herd bulls is of utmost importance.

The Complexity Of Re-Evaluating Antiretroviral Therapy Eligibility Guidelines For Hiv/Aids Patients In Uganda, Jennifer Klein

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

When I first learned that the eligibility criteria for Antiretroviral Drugs (ARVs) in Uganda is to have a CD4 cell count of 200 or below, I was shocked. Actually, I think my exact response was, “So patients must have full-blown AIDS, severely weakened immune systems, and may be on their deathbeds before they can receive the drugs?” I knew little of the subject, other than that in the United States HIV-positive patients who are on drugs may avoid many of the opportunistic infections and complications that come from delaying treatment until the CD4 count is low. My initial confusion over …

How Well Does Spirituality Predict Health Status In People Living With Hiv-Disease?, Rachel Kidd Cobb

Theses and Dissertations

Problem: The United States of America has one of the highest number of HIV infections in the world; approximately 1.3 million people in North America were living with HIV in 2007. Factors influencing HIV survival are essential to disease management and care. Research findings suggest religion and spirituality may be essential components to health and well-being in individuals with HIV-Disease. Purpose: This study was designed to determine how well spirituality predicted health status in a convenience sample of 39 adults diagnosed with HIV-Disease. Procedure: A model building approach was used to explore relationships among the five variables of the Neuman …

Expedited Partner Therapies For Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Legal And Policy Approaches, Lindsay Wiley, James G. Hodge Jr., Erin Fuse Brown, Dhrubajyoti Bhattacharya

Scholarly Articles in Law Reviews & Journals

No abstract provided.

Sex And The Agricultural Transition: Dental Health Among Early Agricultural Females, Misty Fields

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

This project analyzed dentition from a sample (n =142) of Early Agricultural period skeletons (B.C. 1600-200 A.D.) from the site of La Playa (SON F:10:3), Sonora, Mexico. Data was collected on pathology rates for dental caries and antemortem tooth loss (AMTL) to test the hypothesis that hormone-fluctuations associated with pregnancy increase dental pathology in females. Males and females were not found to have significant differences in caries rates. However, statistically significant differences in AMTL were found with females exhibiting more tooth loss than males ( p=.022). When compared across age categories, reproductive-age females had substantial increases in AMTL compared to …

Debra L. Delaet On Health And Human Rights: Basic International Documents, 2d Edition, Edited By Stephen P. Marks. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Published By Francois-Xavier Bagnoud Center For Health And Human Rights; Distributed By Harvard University Press, 2006. 392pp., Debra L. Delaet

Human Rights & Human Welfare

A review of:

Health and Human Rights: Basic International Documents, 2d Edition, edited by Stephen P. Marks. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Published by Francois-Xavier Bagnoud Center for Health and Human Rights; Distributed by Harvard University Press, 2006. 392pp.

Global Health And Global Hegemony, Randall Kuhn

Human Rights & Human Welfare

As the new director of a unique graduate program in Global Health Affairs, coming from the world of basic research, I have been faced with the need to reconcile a central paradox of American power and hegemony: I conduct my work as an American citizen and often with U.S. government funding in the hope that it will make a positive or at least neutral impact on my world. Yet my government (not only under the present administration) initiates imperial adventures that cause untold damage to the health, welfare, and survival of individuals throughout the world.

Resolving The Public Health Crisis In The Developing World: Problems And Barriers Of Access To Essential Medicines, Bryan Mercurio

Northwestern Journal of Human Rights

This article examines the many factors that have created and continue to perpetuate the ongoing health crisis in developing countries. In so doing, the article will reveal that the focus on patent regulation is largely misguided and that the targeting of pharmaceutical companies and TRIPS has lead to an unfortunate divergence from the actual critical issues that affect the delivery of much-needed care and medicines to the developing world. The article then argues that the critical issues lie not in constructing appropriate TRIPS provisions, but more so in providing financial resources to build, maintain and stabilize proper healthcare systems in …

Public Relations Perspective To Manage Conflict In A Public Health Crisis, A, Qi Qiu, Glen T. Cameron

Journal of Dispute Resolution

The present study particularly focuses on the SARS outbreak in China because it was a major battlefield against the disease that largely affected the fate of the worldwide SARS crisis. Framing analysis of media coverage of the SARS epidemic and organization information from the WHO is used to dissect specific conflicts and strategies involved in China's SARS crisis. The discussion finishes with a checklist for planning strategic communication and conflict management during public health crises.

Hepatitis C In Prisons: Evolving Toward Decency Through Adequate Medical Care And Public Health Reform, Andrew Brunsden

Articles & Chapters

Hepatitis C (HCV) in prisons is a public health crisis tied to current drug policy's emphasis on the mass incarceration of drug users. Prison policy acts as a barrier to HCV care by limiting medical care for the infected, especially drug users, and by inhibiting public health measures addressing the epidemic. This Comment argues that courts mistakenly limit prisoners' Eighth Amendment right to basic medical care when they defer to prisons that apply HCV policies as categorical rules of treatment. Where current standards of care mandate individualized patient evaluation for treatment, prison policies that eschew this principle exhibit deliberate indifference …

Human Development And Resources Use In The Coastal Zone: Influences On Human Health, Robert E. Bowen, Anamarija Frankic, Mary E. Davis

Environmental, Earth, and Ocean Sciences Faculty Publication Series

Coastal watersheds and nearshore marine areas are the most valuable and dynamic places on Earth. Human population growth is great in these regions, which are home to some of the most sensitive habitats in the world. Coastal areas provide more than half of the overall service value derived from the global environment (Costanza et al., 1997). Natural (e.g., hurricanes and tsunamis) and human pressures on this environment require it to constantly adjust. More than any other area, the global coast has defined the progress of human culture and continues to be a singular influence in how humans connect to the …

Social Capital, Health And Mental Health In African American Women, Cheryl Lynn Bennett

Theses and Dissertations

Cultural and social influences on mental and physical health are increasingly recognized by social science researchers. Researchers have found that specific, Afrocultural factors are related to the functioning of African Americans. The current research considered whether interdependence is especially salient for African American women since women and African Americans tend to define themselves within the context of social relationships. The study outlines processes affecting the mental and physical health of African American women including communalism, collective efficacy, and social capital. The also study examined the relationship between socioeconomic status and both mental and physical health among African American women in …

Enhanced Disease Surveillance Through Private Health Care Sector Cooperation In Karachi, Pakistan: Experience From A Vaccine Trial, M. Imran Khan, Shah Muhammad Sahito, Mohammad Javed Khan, Shafi Mohammad Wassan, Abdul Wahab Shaikh, Ashok Kumari Maheshwari, Camilo J. Acosta, Claudia M. Galindo, Rion Leon Ochia, Shahid Rasool, Sheeraz Peerwan, Mahesh K. Puri, Mohammad Ali, Afia Zafar, Rumina Hasan, Lorenz Von Seidlein, John D. Clemens, Shaikh Qamaruddin Nizami, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

INTRODUCTION: In research projects such as vaccine trials, accurate and complete surveillance of all outcomes of interest is critical. In less developed countries where the private sector is the major health-care provider, the private sector must be included in surveillance systems in order to capture all disease of interest. This, however, poses enormous challenges in practice. The process and outcome of recruiting private practice clinics for surveillance in a vaccine trial are described.
METHODS: The project started in January 2002 in two urban squatter settlements of Karachi, Pakistan. At the suggestion of private practitioners, a phlebotomy team was …

Tragedy & Remedy: Black Reparations For Racial Disparities In Health, Kevin Outterson

ExpressO

This Article makes unique and powerful contributions to Black reparations, health care law, biomedical and social science research into racial disparities in health, and critical race theory.

The starting point is the tragedy of Black health in America, with dramatically higher death rates and shorter life expectancies. Current research is ill-equipped to consider the deeper historical roots of Black health disparities; while the development of racially-specific therapies (such as the FDA’s approval in July 2005 of BiDil, a heart drug for Blacks) actually contributes to racial profiling in medicine. Biomedical research has a race problem.

The Black reparations movement suffers …

Addressing Better Health Communication For Young Married Couples In Egypt, Mayada Mostafa Wahsh

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Profile: Alumni Stories: Health Fitness Research Medicine, University Relations

Profile (1996-)

The theme of this issue of Profile is medicine, health and wellness, a timely topic as we celebrate the successes of our student athletes in our move to NCAA Division III, commemorate the first half-decade of the astonishingly successful Regional Fitness Center, and continue to work for shared athletic facilities with the Morris Area Public School District.

--From Chancellor Schuman's Message

Raich, Health Care, And The Commerce Clause, Alex Kreit, Aaron Marcus

William Mitchell Law Review

This article considers to what extent health care may be viewed as a traditional area of state concern in the context of the Supreme Court’s revival of federalism principles, in particular limits on Congress’ Commerce Clause power, and what effect Raich v. Ashcroft, heard by the Court in the fall 2004 term, might have on these issues. Addressing these questions will necessarily involve exploration of medical marijuana policy as well as the role of the “traditional state interest” principle within the Commerce Clause. However, the central focus of this article is not what impact Raich may have on the Commerce …

Building Healthy Cities: Legal Frameworks And Considerations, Wendy Collins Perdue

Law Faculty Publications

This chapter will explore the range of laws and government policies that have shaped the physical structure of U.S. cities and thereby impacted the health of those cities' residents. This analysis will highlight the many, apparently "private" decisions that have been impacted by government policies. Though some of the laws, policies, prohibitions, and incentives have been formulated explicitly to take into account health considerations, others have unintended effects - both good and bad - on the health of urban populations.

Tragedy & Remedy: Reparations For Disparities In Black Health, Kevin Outterson

Faculty Scholarship

The Tragedy of American health care is the stubborn persistence of disparities in Black health, one hundred and forty years after Emancipation, and more than four decades after the passage of Title VI. Formal legal equality has not translated into actual health equality. This Tragedy is deeper and older than mere legal forms; it has been supported by powerful social institutions, including some governments, charities, market participants, religions, ideologies, and cultures. Black health disparities interact with other vestiges of slavery such as disparities in wealth, education, employment and housing. They have permeated the American health experience. Efforts to eliminate Black …

Socio-Cultural, Environmental And Health Challenges Facing Women And Children Living Near The Borders Between Afghanistan, Iran And Pakistan (Aip Region), Iraj M. Poureslami, David R. Maclean, Jerry Spiegel, Annalee Yassi

Journal of International Women's Studies

For hundreds of years, people in the AIP region (the Afghanistan-Iran-Pakistan borders) have been challenged by conflict and political and civil instability, mass displacement, human rights abuses, drought and famine. Given this sad history, it not surprising that in this region health and quality of life of vulnerable groups are among the worst in the world. In spite of national and international efforts to improve health status of vulnerable populations in this region, the key underlying socio-cultural determinants of health and disparities, i.e. gender, language, ethnicity, residential status, and socio-economic status (SES), have not been addressed or even systematically studied, …

A Senior Care Facility In Milan, Minnesota: Survey Analysis And Recommendations, Benjamin Winchester, Jeff Janca, Chelsey Albrecht, Amanda Jacobson, Sungmin Hong

Center for Small Towns

In 2004, the Center for Small Towns worked with the City of Milan and the Community Assistantship program through the Center for Urban and Regional Affairs to research the level of need/demand for bringing a senior care facility to the city of Milan, MN,as well as to provide recommendations about future developments.

Bioterrorisrn Preparedness Of Rural Hospitals Compared To Urban Hospitals In Minnesota, Lee G. Schotzko

Theses and Graduate Projects

Bioterrorisrn has been a threat to many cultures around the world for centuries. The first record of their use dates back to 184 B.C. in a battle between Hannibal and King Eumenes of Peranum. Within the past five years, the concern over biological weapons and bioterrorism has greatly increased in the United States because of worldwide political dynamics. Is the United States prepared for a bioterrorism attack? Is Minnesota prepared for an attack? These are important questions, and many experts have not agreed upon the answers. Currently there is no industry standard for hospitals in regards to bioterrorisrn preparedness. Utilizing …