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Look At Me: Japanese Women Writers At The Millennial Turn, David Holloway

All Theses and Dissertations (ETDs)

Look at Me: Japanese Women Writers at the Millennial Turn

This dissertation explores body aesthetics and anxieties through analyses of contemporary fiction by women. Framed in terms of "the male gaze," it analyzes the ways in which women writing today negotiate and reappropriate the subject/object binary upon which the gaze itself rests. The four authors on whom I focus-- Hasegawa Junko, Kanehara Hitomi, Matsumoto Yûko, and Sakurai Ami--deliberately disturb readers with stories of incest, sadomasochism, and eating disorders. Representative texts from their respective oeuvres are categorized and analyzed in terms of the "obscene," the "abject," and the "traumatic" in order …

Anger In The Courtroom: The Effects Of Attorney Gender And Emotion On Juror Perceptions, Christian B. May

Honors College Theses

This study sought to examine the effects of gender stereotypes of emotional expression on jurors’ perceptions of an attorney’s competence. Participants watched a video of a closing statement of a male or female attorney expressing either anger or neutral emotions and were asked to give a verdict and rate the attorney’s competence. Participants rated an angry male attorney highest in competence and an angry female attorney lowest in competence. Results also showed that participants who viewed a male attorney were more likely to attribute the attorney’s emotions to the situation compared to participants who viewed a female attorney. The implications …

Why Should I Get Married: Implications Of Class And Gender Differences On Health Outcomes For Cohabitating And Married Black Couples, Korrie Dchonn Johnson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Health problems that disproportionately affect blacks could be regarded as a result of African American's tendency towards non-normative family patterns. Cohabitation has become a popular non-normative family formation within the United States as well as with blacks. This has led many to study the role of cohabitation on health. Scholars have compiled a long list of negative consequences of such practices, while generating another list of positive outcomes of marriage, but these studies of cohabitation might be capturing the consequences of resources and income disparities rather than cohabitation in itself. Existing studies of cohabitation, as well as marriage, neglect the …

Gendered Role Performances In Patriarchal Nrms: An Ethnographic Analysis Of The Twelve Tribes, Amelia Blume

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Research on New Religious Movements (NRMs) has generally examined gender within two contexts: conversion into the movement and gender role variation across groups. Similarly, a robust body of literature has studied the ways women navigate traditional gender roles across a wide swath of settings from formal organizations (Hochschild 1979, 1983) to abusive relationships (Summers-Effler 2004), but the NRMs literature has largely disregarded this micro-level dynamic. This research draws on ethnographic data, including participant observation and in-depth interviews, to examine gendered role performances and impression and emotion management in one communal NRM, the Twelve Tribes, in order to examine the daily …

Anything You Can Do?: The Influence Of Role Models On Architecture Students’ Future Career Confidence, Sarah L. Lawrence

Research Papers

Since its professionalization in 1857, the field of architecture has been male dominated. Traditionally, the efforts of female architects have been constrained to sectors considered “appropriate” to their gender such as historic preservation and residential and interior design (Adams and Tancred 2000, American Architectural Foundation 1988). Efforts to promote gender equality more broadly have improved academic participation and, in 2012, women accounted for 42% of architecture students nationally (The National Architectural Accrediting Board, Inc. 2012). However, during the same year, women made up only 24% of the architecture workforce (Bureau of Labor Statistics 2012). Scholars and professionals attribute this gender …

Assuming Identities: Gender, Sexuality, And Performativity In The Silence Of The Lambs, Lynne Stahl

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

In the introduction to Epistemology of the Closet, Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick discusses the instability of the ignorance/knowledge binary, which generally equates the latter with power and the former with impotence. She argues that ignorance (or the appearance thereof) can be a tool of power as well, citing as an example the 1986 ruling by the United States Justice Department that employers “may freely fire persons with AIDS” provided that those employers “can claim to be ignorant of the medical fact, quoted in the ruling, that there is no known health danger in the workplace from the disease” (5). That this …

Strategic Deployments Of ‘Sisterhood’ And Questions Of Solidarity At A Women’S Development Project In Janakpur, Nepal, Coralynn Davis

HIMALAYA, the Journal of the Association for Nepal and Himalayan Studies

Linguistic uses of ‘sisterhood’ provide a window into disparate understandings of relationality among virtual and actual interlocutors in women’s development across vectors of caste, class, ethnicity and nationality. In this essay, I examine the trope of ‘sisterhood’ as it was employed at a women’s development project in Janakpur, Nepal, in the 1990s. I demonstrate that the use of this common signifier of kinship with culturally disparate “signifieds” created a confusion of meaning, and differential readings of the politics of relationality. In my view, ‘sister,’ as used at this project, was a multivalent, strategically deployed, and divergently interpreted term. In particular, …

Effects Of Mixed Teams On Land Release, Arianna Calza Bini, Nyske Janssen, Abigail Jones

The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction

The Gender and Mine Action Programme (GMAP) investigated the impact of mixed gender teams on land release. Based on the opinion of the respondents, as well as gender baseline assessments conducted by GMAP, the organization found that in most cases mixed teams in the land release process are primarily associated with the employment of women and its effect on the teams. Some mine action managers indicated that mixed teams actually enable better access to information while only a few respondents indicated that more accurate and inclusive information will allow mine action organizations to prioritize tasks where the impact is highest. …

The Beauty And The Barrister: Gender Roles, Madness, And The Basis For Identity In Lady Audley's Secret, Corey Hayes

Senior Honors Theses

This thesis examines the concept of identity in the novel Lady Audley’s Secret by Mary Elizabeth Braddon. In the mid to late Victorian period, self-definition was strongly tied to gender roles. Men were expected to be mentally active, physical strong, and morally guiding leaders of society, and women were to be their passive, pious, domestically minded followers. These expectations for behavior were so strong that those breaking them were in danger of being considered insane. In Braddon’s novel, the behavior of most characters does not align with the expectations for their gender. The exception is Lady Audley, the apparently ideal …

Firesetting Behavior And Associated Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders, Stephanie Stockburger, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Firesetting behavior results in serious damage to lives and property every year. Firesetting has been linked to a number of comorbid psychiatric disorders including depression, substance abuse, conduct disorder, antisocial personality disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, psychotic disorder, schizoid personality disorder, and schizophrenia. Psychiatric disorders differ by gender. In addition, juvenile firesetters have history of a separate set of psychiatric comorbidities. The strong correlation between psychiatric comorbidities and firesetting behavior illustrates the need for fire service and mental health collaboration.

The Relationship Of Spiritual Intelligence To Achievement Of Secondary Students, Merial Smartt

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this non-experimental, correlational quantitative research study was to examine the relationship between student achievement and spiritual intelligence while controlling for age and gender in two public and two private schools in a southeastern city. The variable of interest and criterion variable of achievement was measured by the American College Test (ACT). The variable of spiritual intelligence was measured using a 24 question self-report assessment entitled The Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI-24) by D. King (2008). The SISRI-24 included four subscales, critical existential thinking (CET), personal meaning production (PMP), transcendental awareness (TA), and conscious state expansion (CSE) that …

Gender And Personality Influence Video Gamers, Hannah Marie Redwine

Honors Program Theses and Research Projects

Video game preference, avatar similarity, and problem video game playing were examined to investigate potential relationships with gender and personality. Previous research (Elliott, Ream, McGinsky & Dunlap, 2012) focused on adolescents, however, the current study focuses on adults 18 years of age and older. Undergraduate students of St. Mary's University (N=15) and 2013 WorldCon attendees (N=32) were surveyed using an online survey that utilized the Ten-Item Personality Inventory (TIPI; Gosling, Rentfrow & Swann Jr., 2003), the Problem Video Game Playing measure (PVP; Salguero & Moran, 2002), demographic questions, and other measures. Avatar similarity and best avatar use were found to …

The Gender Of Participants In Published Research Involving People With Autism Spectrum Disorders, Erin Watkins

Masters Theses

Research articles involving participants with an autism spectrum disorder and published from 2010-2012 in Autism, Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, Journal of Child Psychology and Child Psychiatry, and Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders were examined to determine the reported gender of participants. The overall male:female ratio was 4.62, which is similar to that reported in epidemiological studies, but the ratio was 6.07 in intervention studies. These findings suggesting that males were in a statistical sense over-represented in intervention studies, but not in other kinds of research. Most (82.21%) of these studies included both male and female participants, but …

Who Confronts Sexual Prejudice? How Gender And Ideologies Are Related To Heterosexual Allies Challenging Hate Speech, Kelly L. Lemaire

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Sexual prejudice and discrimination are extremely prevalent throughout society and previous research suggests that there are a multitude of negative consequences associated with being the target of this prejudice. One way of reducing prejudice is by confronting the perpetrator; however the majority of previous research examining confrontation has focused on the target's response to racism or sexism. The current study utilized a 10-condition experimental design in order to examine how the gender of the perpetrator, target, and non-target witness of heterosexist prejudice affected the witness' responses. Attitudinal variables and past allied behaviors were also examined in order to determine if …

Stressor-Induced Increase In Muscle Fatigability Of Young Men And Women Is Predicted By Strength But Not Voluntary Activation, Manda L. Keller-Ross, Hugo M. Pereira, Jaclyn Pruse, Tejin Yoon, Bonnie A. Schlinder-Delap, Kristy A. Nielson, Sandra K. Hunter

Psychology Faculty Research and Publications

This study investigated mechanisms for the stressor-induced changes in muscle fatigability in men and women. Participants performed an isometric-fatiguing contraction at 20% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) until failure with the elbow flexor muscles. Study one (n = 55; 29 women) involved two experimental sessions: 1) a high-stressor session that required a difficult mental-math task before and during a fatiguing contraction and 2) a control session with no mental math. For some participants (n = 28; 14 women), cortical stimulation was used to examine mechanisms that contributed to muscle fatigability during the high-stressor and control sessions. Study two …

The Diagnostic Stability Of Developmental Delay And Developmental Language Disorder In Infants And Toddlers, Alexander J. Hinnebusch

Master's Theses

Numerous children are diagnosed with Developmental Delay (DD) and Developmental Language Disorder (DLD) each year in the US. There are inconsistent diagnostic definitions for these disorders because individual states determine diagnostic criteria, complicating prevalence and diagnostic stability estimation. In the current study, 37 children received a diagnosis of DD and 21 received a diagnosis of DLD at an initial evaluation as part of participation in a study investigating the early detection of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs), and were seen for a follow-up evaluation. The DD group was significantly more likely to retain this diagnosis at follow-up than the DLD group. …

Transgender Inpportunity And Inequality: Evaluating The Crossroads Between Immigration And Transgender Individuals, Alexandra Caggiano

Seattle University Law Review

Despite being married to a U.S. citizen, non-citizen transgender individuals and non-citizen spouses married to transgender U.S. citizens still face deportation today due to current immigration policies. When forced to return to their home countries, transgender individuals are likely to encounter violence from those who perpetuate hate towards transgender and gender non-conforming individuals. Instead of protecting these individuals, the United States continues to send people back to their native countries solely because those individuals do not fall within the narrowly constructed definition of marriage some states use that is legally recognized by federal courts. Transgender individuals receive disparate treatment as …

Gender Differences In Text Messaging, Sara R. Shawcroft

Theses and Dissertations

Text messaging is a significant social phenomenon that merits investigation. Communications theories are well suited to this type of research because text messaging serves as both mediated communication and interpersonal communication. This kind of research can also contribute to a deeper understanding of communication differences between genders. The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether there are gender differences in the use of text messaging and, if so, what the differences are. Participants for the study were recruited via convenience sampling. The sample consisted of 27 participants ages 18--35; 14 were female and 13 were male. Data were collected …

An Indigenous Women Perspective Of Work And Organisation: The Maya Way, Jennifer Manning, J. Miguel Imas, Paul Donnelly

Conference papers

Western literature in management/organisation studies focuses primarily on gender issues that affect inequalities experienced by women at work. Adopting, in some cases, critical and feminist theoretical positions, the gender debate unfolds questions on the prevailing male discourse that is dominant in management and business organisations. Most of these theoretical assumptions tend to influence, subsequently, the way in which we understand the experiences of women in the developing or under-developed world. That is, these theoretical positions occupy a privileged voice upon which to write, describe and analyse the experiences of women in contexts where these Western discourses seem either alien or …

Effects Of Handedness And Gender On The Surface Area Of The Human Corpus Callosum: A Preliminary Study Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging, James B. Pinkston

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Several studies have found differences in the human corpus callosum across gender and handedness (Aboitiz, Scheibel, Fisher, & Zaidel, 1992; Burke & Yeo, 1994; Cowell, eta!., 1993; de Lacoste-Utamsing & Holloway, 1982; Denenberg, eta!., 1991; Habib, eta!., 1991; Johnson & Bigler, eta!., 1994; Johnson & Farnworth, eta!., 1994; Laissy, et al .. 1993; Potter & Graves, 1988; Steinmetz, eta!., 1992; Witelson, 1989; Witelson, 1991; Witelson & Goldsmith, 1991). A myriad of others claim that these differences do not exist (Byne, eta!., 1988; Clarke, Kraftsik, VanDer Laos, & Innocenti, 1989; Hines, eta!., 1992; Kertesz, Polk, Howell, & Black, 1987; Laissy, et …

Pay Inequity: A Comparative Analysis Of Pay Inequality In The United States By Selected Correlates, Roger Klomegah, Nikelle Fleming

The Journal of Public and Professional Sociology

This study examined the socio-demographic associates of income inequality within the context of human capital and wage discrimination theories. General Social Survey (GSS) data set (2010), comprising a sample size of 2044 respondents were utilized in analysis. Income categories (low and high) were regressed on predictive variables: gender, racial categories (White, Black, and Other), education, type of occupation, U.S. citizenship status, age, and work experience. The results show that gender, education, U.S. citizenship status, age, and work experience were significant predictors of the likelihood of a respondent belonging to a low or high income group. It is suggested that future …

The Impact And Effectiveness Of Student-Centered Classroom Structure, Amie P. Westberg

Mathematics Graduate Theses

The purpose of this paper is to explore the effectiveness of student-centered learning as an alternative classroom structure. It is important that we continually reflect on our teaching methods and explore alternatives that can help give our students the best chance to succeed. While the literature is mixed with regard to which classroom style is best, there are many sources showing the benefits of student-centered instruction over a strictly teacher- centered classroom. Sources also showed that teachers do not need to choose exclusively one style of teaching, and that a blended classroom using a variety of teaching styles can be …

Changing Gender: Gender Role, Class And The Experience Of Chinese Female Immigrants, Doris Cheung

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation analyzes gender role identity development in Chinese female immigrants from diverse work and education backgrounds. This study focuses on Chinese female immigrants, bakery salesladies and social workers, to addresses a gap in the existing literature, which has previously emphasized factory workers and students, on gender role identity development at the interface of social context and activity system dynamics. To understand further the Chinese female immigration experience, this research investigates how gender role identity is manifested across different social contexts and institutions. I administered questionnaires and conducted interviews with Chinese female immigrants residing in New York City. The sample …

Identities, Intentionality And Institutional Fit: Perceptions Of Senior Women Administrators At Liberal Arts Colleges In The Upper Midwestern Usa, Kathryn A. E. Enke

Administration Publications

This qualitative study engaged women senior administrators at liberal arts colleges in the Upper Midwestern USA to better understand how their intersecting identities mediate their enacted leadership. Data were collected from eight participants via a questionnaire, document review, one-on-one interviews and observations. Positionality theory informed the study design and inquiry. Data analysis using the constant comparative method revealed that women leaders' positionality is intentionally monitored and constantly negotiated in the liberal arts college context. Participants described that they had to be more intentional about revealing or displaying traits associated with those identities that did not fit their institutional environment. This …

Effects Of Storytelling In Advertising On Consumers` Empathy, Myung Jin Park, Doo Hee Lee

Asia Marketing Journal

Differentiated positioning becomes increasingly difficult when brand salience weakens. Also, the daily increase in new media use and information load has led to a social climate that regards advertising stimuli as spamming. For these reasons, the focus of advertisement-related communication is shifting from persuading consumers through the direct delivery of information to an emphasis on appealing to their emotions using matching stimuli to enhance persuasion effects. Recently, both academia and industry have increasingly shown an interest in storytelling methods that can generate positive emotional responses and attitude changes by arousing consumers` narrative processing. The purpose of storytelling is to elicit …

Within The Bonds Of Marriage: Gender And Aids, Kimberley Carter Campbell, Dr. Renata Forste

Journal of Undergraduate Research

Past research on AIDS, has focused generally on high risk groups; such as homosexual men and intravenous drug users. In many of these studies the cultural and contextual facts concerning sexual interaction have been ignored (1). Few studies of AIDS have focused on heterosexual men and women and married couples. A recent announcement by the Centers For Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) regarding the rise in the number of heterosexual AIDS cases, suggests a need for more research in this area. The CDC reported that as of 1993, 24% of bisexual men who died from AIDS were married. There is …

The Impact Of Gender, Ethnicity, School Setting, And Experience On Student Leadership: Does It Really Matter?, Barry Z. Posner

Management & Entrepreneurship

This research examined how gender, ethnicity, school setting, and experience influenced students' leadership practices. Significant differences were found in how student leaders behaved on the basis of these variables. However, further analyses suggested that these differences did not significantly influence the effectiveness of student leaders. That is, the most effective student leaders engaged in the five leadership practices more than the less effective leaders, regardless of gender, ethnicity, or school setting. The impact of these findings for both assessing student leaders as well as for developing their leadership capabilities is discussed, along with ideas for future studies.

Resilience, Transformation, And Gender: Distress Within Students At A Christian Evangelical University, Andrea C. Walker

College of Science and Engineering Faculty Research and Scholarship

Sex differences in distress variables are common, but recent research suggests exaggeration of these differences in conservative Christian environments due to polarized gender role expectations. Few studies have measured distress by relationship to deceased, and fewer still have considered both effects of relationship and whether the death was traumatic. Incorporation of coping tasks may assist in resilience and transformation following these types of losses. College students do not like to admit struggle or ask for help, so health variables may be better indicators of bereavement-related distress than self-report measures of dealing with grief. This study compares effects of sex, loss …

Gendered Paths To Formal And Informal Resources In Post-Disaster Development In The Ecuadorian Andes, Albert J. Faas, Eric Jones, Linda Whiteford, Graham Tobin, Arthur Murphy

Faculty Publications, Anthropology

The devastating eruptions of Mount Tungurahua in the Ecuadorian highlands in 1999 and 2006 left many communities struggling to rebuild their homes and others permanently displaced to settlements built by state and nongovernmental organizations. For several years afterward, households diversified their economic strategies to compensate for losses, communities organized to promote local development, and the state and nongovernmental organizations sponsored many economic recovery programs in the affected communities. Our study examined the ways in which gender and gender roles were associated with different levels and paths of access to scarce resources in these communities. Specifically, this article contrasts the experiences …

Hegemonic Masculinity And Misconceptions Of Gender And Mental Health In Violent Criminality, Mina Dailami

Honors Papers

The present research investigates how masculine dominance in the criminal justice system is upheld through misleading media representations of violent criminality in women as predicated upon masculine traits or mental illness and masculine Identity Protection Cognition (which demonstrates the how implicit social information influences an individual to make judgments in favor of protecting their own socially dominant group). Responses to an online survey of 413 participants demonstrated that overall participants assumed men to be more likely than women to engage in violent action, and violence in men was judged to be a function of power, whereas violence in women was …