Digital Commons Network^™

Disruption Of The Cbfa2 Gene Causes Necrosis And Hemorrhaging In The Central Nervous System And Blocks Definitive Hematopoiesis., Qing Wang, Terryl Stacy, Michael M Binder, Miguel Marin-Padilla, Arlene H. Sharpe, Nancy A. Speck

Dartmouth Scholarship

The CBFA2 (AML1) gene encodes a DNA-binding subunit of the heterodimeric core-binding factor. The CBFA2 gene is disrupted by the (8;21), (3;21), and (12;21) chromosomal translocations associated with leukemias and myelodysplasias in humans. Mice lacking a CBF alpha 2 protein capable of binding DNA die between embryonic days 11.5 and 12.5 due to hemorrhaging in the central nervous system (CNS), at the nerve/CNS interfaces of cranial and spinal nerves, and in somitic/intersomitic regions along the presumptive spinal cord. Hemorrhaging is preceded by symmetric, bilateral necrosis in these regions. Definitive erythropoiesis and myelopoiesis do not occur in Cbfa2-deficient embryos, and disruption …

Biochemical And Mutational Analysis Of The Histidine Residues Of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A., M Hoffman, M Tremaine, J Mansfield, M Betley

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

The goal of this study was to examine the role of histidine residues in the biological activities of staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA). Carboxymethylated SEA was unable to stimulate murine T-cell proliferation but was resistant to monkey stomach lavage fluid degradation, suggesting that native conformation was intact. Site-directed mutagenesis of the histidine residues of SEA was subsequently performed. SEA-H44A (SEA with histidine 44 replaced with alanine), SEA-H44D, SEA-H50A, SEA-H50D, SEA-H114A, SEA-H114D, SEA-H187A, and SEA-H187D retained superantigen and emetic activities, whereas SEA-H225A and SEA-H225D were defective in the ability to stimulate T-cell proliferation. These mutants were unable to compete with SEA for …

Cd40-Cd40 Ligand Interactions In Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis And Multiple Sclerosis., Koen Gerritse, Jon D. Laman, Randolph J. Noelle, Alejandro Aruffo

Dartmouth Scholarship

We investigated the role of CD40-CD40 ligand (CD40L) interactions in multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE). Activated helper T cells expressing CD40L (gp39) surface protein were found in MS patient brain sections, but not in brain tissue sections of normal controls or patients with other neurological disease. CD40L-positive cells were co-localized with CD40-bearing cells in active lesions (perivascular infiltrates). Most of these CD40-bearing cells proved to be of the monocytic lineage (macrophages or microglial cells), and relatively few were B cells. To functionally evaluate CD40-CD40L interactions, EAE was elicited in mice by means of proteolipid-peptide immunization. Treatment with …

An Alternating Treatments Comparison Of Two Intensive Interventions For Food Refusal., W H Ahearn, Mary Louise Kerwin, P S Eicher, J Shantz, W Swearingin

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

We compared two treatment packages involving negative reinforcement contingencies for 3 children with chronic food refusal. One involved physically guiding the child to accept food contingent on noncompliance, whereas the other involved nonremoval of the spoon until the child accepted the presented food. Subsequent to baseline, an alternating treatments comparison was implemented in a multiple baseline design across subjects. After each child had been exposed to at least nine sessions of each treatment condition and percentage of bites accepted had increased to at least 80%, the child's caregivers selected the preferred treatment package. The results indicated that both treatments were …

Analysis Of The Effects Of Overexpression Of Metallothionein-I In Transgenic Mice On The Reproductive Toxicology Of Cadmium., T Dalton, Kai Fu, G C Enders, R D Palmiter, G K Andrews

Journal Articles: Pathology and Microbiology

Exposure to low levels of cadmium reduces fertility. In male mice spermatogenesis is highly sensitive to cadmium, whereas in females the peri-implantation period of pregnancy is sensitive. To examine the potential roles of the cadmium-binding protein, metallothionein (MT), in the reproductive toxicology of cadmium, we examined a transgenic mouse strain that overexpresses metallothionein-I (MT-I). These mice had dramatically increased steady-state levels of MT-I mRNA and MT in the testes and in the female reproductive tract during the peri-implantation period of pregnancy, and this overexpression occurred in a cell-specific and temporally regulated manner similar to that of the endogenous MT-I gene. …

The Voice Of Edith Cowan: Australia's First Woman Parliamentarian 1921-1924, Harry C.J. Phillips

Research outputs pre 2011

On 12 March 1996 the Honourable Justice French, as Chancellor of Edith Cowan University, led a rededication ceremony of the Edith Cowan Clock Tower. This occasion, the seventy-fifth anniversary of Edith Cowan's election to the Legislative Assembly, was immediately followed by a breakfast at the nearby Parliament of Western Australia. During the evening a touring exhibition of Edith Cowan's life was launched titled "A Tough Nut to Crack". Then five days later Professor Geoffrey Bolton spoke at St George's Cathedral to celebrate a "Life of Service" by Edith Cowan.

The Voice of Edith Cowan is another contribution to the anniversary. …

The First Cut Is (Not) The Deepest: Deconstructing "Female Genital Mutilation" And The Criminalization Of The Other, David Fraser

Dalhousie Law Journal

Deconstruction, as a 'philosophy'andas a strategy for the reading of texts, offers us the ability to engage in a politics and ethics of justice which seeks to recognize our responsibility to the Other. By 'reading' 'female genital mutilation' with this obligation in mind, this article attempts to deal with the prejudices and barriers to justice which present themselves to those of us in the West who seek an engagement with the Other. The article offers a warning and a reading of the 'text' of 'female genital mutilation' informed by our obligation to justice.

Impact Of Spinal Cord Injury On The Life Roles Of Women., M Claire Quigley

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

This qualitative study was conducted to explore and describe the role experience of five women whose lives were disrupted by a traumatic spinal cord injury and who later returned to their communities after completing intensive rehabilitation programs. In-depth interviews and participant observations were used to examine the experiences of these women. The findings exemplify how the women's use of adaptation and negotiation and the development of a new role as self-advocate facilitated the reestablishment of their life roles. As the women's occupational roles were redefined, the processes of adaptation and negotiation were evident in three aspects of their lives: daily …

The Costs Of Eating: A Behavioral Economic Analysis Of Food Refusal., Mary Louise Kerwin, W H Ahearn, P S Eicher, D M Burd

College of Science & Mathematics Departmental Research

Behavioral economic concepts were applied to the analysis and treatment of pediatric feeding disorders in a clinical setting. In Experiment 1, children who chronically refused food were presented with varying amounts of food on a spoon (empty, dipped, quarter, half, and level). Each child exhibited a different but orderly demand function of response (acceptance, expulsion, and mouth clean) by cost (increasing spoon volume) for a constant pay-off of toys and social interaction. In Experiment 2, physical guidance or nonremoval of the spoon for food refusal was initiated at the smallest spoon volume with low levels of acceptance, and was subsequently …

Roc Curve Regression Analysis: The Use Of Ordinal Regression Models For Diagnostic Test Assessment, Anna N.A. Tosteson, Milton C. Weinstein, Jack Wittenberg, Colin B. Begg

Dartmouth Scholarship

Diagnostic tests commonly are characterized by their true positive (sensitivity) and true negative (specificity) classification rates, which rely on a single decision threshold to classify a test result as positive. A more complete description of test accuracy is given by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, a graph of the false positive and true positive rates obtained as the decision threshold is varied. A generalized regression methodology, which uses a class of ordinal regression models to estimate smoothed ROC curves has been described. Data from a multi-institutional study comparing the accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with computed tomography (CT) …

Elevated Expression Of Type Vii Collagen In The Skin Of Patients With Systemic Sclerosis. Regulation By Transforming Growth Factor-Beta., Lidia Rudnicka, John Varga, Angela M. Christiano, Renato V. Iozzo, Sergio A. Jimenez, Jouni Uitto

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

A hallmark of systemic sclerosis (SSc) is the development of tissue fibrosis. Excessive production of several connective tissue components normally present in the dermis, including type I, III, V, and VI collagens as well as fibronectin and proteoglycans, is a consistent finding in the skin of SSc patients. Type VII collagen is a major constituent of anchoring fibrils, present in the skin at the dermal-epidermal basement membrane zone. TGF-beta has been shown to upregulate the expression of the type VII collagen gene. In this study, we assessed the expression of type VII collagen and TGF-beta in the skin of patients …

The Random Inactivation Of The X Chromosome Carrying The Defective Gene Responsible For X-Linked Hyper Igm Syndrome (X-Him) In Female Carriers Of Higm1, D Hollenbaugh, L H. Wu, H D. Ochs, S Nonoyama

Dartmouth Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Feminist Excavations: A Collection Of Essays On Women, The Family And Ideology, Dani Stehlik

Research outputs pre 2011

Applied Women's Studies at Edith Cowan University in Perth, Western Australia is now entering its seventh year. The program has consisted of an undergraduate minor within the Bachelor of Social Science degree as well as a Graduate Diploma.1994 is an exciting milestone for the program as its moves into a Bachelor degree with Applied Women's Studies as a major. The Graduate Diploma program will also continue. The aim of the program is to:

develop the theory and knowledge necessary to understand the issues and concerns of women and their roles in society. By taking an applied focus, it develops the …

Management Decisions Made By Caregiver Spouses Of Persons With Alzheimer's Disease., Mary A. Corcoran

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: As the incidence of Alzheimer's disease increases, so does the effect on families and friends who assume caregiving responsibilities. Despite the proliferation of caregiving studies reported in the literature, little is known of the day-to-day management styles and preferences of caregivers. To develop, implement, and test interventions designed to sustain caregivers in their role, more information is needed about the caregiving experience. Results of a descriptive study are presented as a first step in understanding the complex process of choosing, organizing, and implementing everyday caregiving tasks.

METHOD: Subjects of the study were 26 persons who provide care for a …

Antibody To The Ligand Of Cd40, Gp39, Blocks The Occurrence Of The Acute And Chronic Forms Of Graft-Vs-Host Disease, F H. Durie, A Aruffo, J Ledbetter, K M. Crassi

Dartmouth Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Ochrobactrum Anthropi Bacteremia In A Child., Joel D. Klein, Stephen C. Eppes

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

Children undergoing chemotherapy for cancer are at increased risk of supervening infection, including bacteremia. This may be due to immunosuppression as well as the presence of intravascular devices such as central venous catheters. Bacteria responsible for these infections include those found in the child's endogenous flora as well as in environmental sources. We report the case of a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who developed bacteremia secondary to Ochrobactrum anthropi. Details of this extremely rare infection are the focus of this report.

Sequencing Of Cdna From 50 Unrelated Patients Reveals That Mutations In The Triple-Helical Domain Of Type Iii Procollagen Are An Infrequent Cause Of Aortic Aneurysms., Gerard Tromp, Yuli Wu, Darwin J. Prockop, Swarna L. Madhatheri, Caren Kleinert, James J. Earley, Jiapiao Zhuang, Orjan Norrgård, R. Clement Darling, William M. Abbott, C. William Cole, Pekka Jaakkola, Markku Ryynanen, William H. Pearce, James S.T. Yao, Kari Majamaa, Stanton N. Smullens, Zoran Gatalica, Robert E. Ferrell, Sergio A. Jimenez, Charles E. Jackson, Virginia V. Michels, Michael Kaye, Helena Kuivaniemi

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

Detailed DNA sequencing of the triple-helical domain of type III procollagen was carried out on cDNA prepared from 54 patients with aortic aneurysms. The 43 male and 11 female patients originated from 50 different families and five different nationalities. 43 patients had at least one additional blood relative who had aneurysms. Five overlapping asymmetric PCR products, covering all the coding sequences of the triple-helical domain of type III procollagen, were sequenced with 28 specific sequencing primers. Analysis of the sequencing gels revealed only two nucleotide changes that altered the structure of the protein. One was a substitution of threonine for …

Regulation Of Human Lung Fibroblast Alpha 1(I) Procollagen Gene Expression By Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha, Interleukin-1 Beta, And Prostaglandin E2., Arturo Diaz, Elena Munoz, Rosemary Johnston, Joseph H. Korn, Sergio A. Jimenez

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

We investigated the participation of prostaglandin (PG) E2 in the regulation of the alpha 1(I) procollagen gene expression by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) in normal adult human lung fibroblasts. TNF alpha (100 units/ml) and IL-1 beta (100 units/ml) stimulated the production of PGE2 and caused a dose-dependent inhibition of up to 54 and 66%, respectively, of the production of type I procollagen. Preincubation of cultures with indomethacin partially reversed the inhibition of procollagen production induced by the cytokines. Cytokine-stimulated endogenous fibroblast PG accounted for 35 and 68% of the inhibition induced by TNF …

A Model To Promote Activity Competence In Elders., Ruth E. Levine, Laura N. Gitlin

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

This paper describes an occupational therapy home-based intervention in which purposeful activities were used to promote adaptation and competence in older adults with chronic disabilities. Seven home care therapists visited 17 randomly selected, community-living elders who were chronically disabled and who volunteered to participate in the program. The number of visits ranged from 3 to 10 and occurred over a 3-month period according to clients' needs and wishes. Therapists enhanced their ability to enter the client's social and cultural system by using participant-observation techniques and collaboratively identified activities. Therapists documented each home visit with a structured fieldnote form. An analysis …

Differences Between Male And Female Principals In Terms Of Demographics, Perceived Barriers Encountered, And Strategies Used While In Pursuit Of The Principalship, Ann Heywood Angulo

UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations

Without question, women numerically surpass men in the education profession, composing the greater percentage of teachers. Nonetheless, men dominate administrative positions at all levels. According to the literature, the female administrative aspirant faces numerous unique barriers making it more difficult for her to become a school administrator than for her male counterpart. As a result, she must use additional strategies if she intends to be successful in her pursuit of advancement; In light of previous research, a survey was sent to all 182 principals in the Clark County School District which is centered in Las Vegas, Nevada. The purpose of …

Gender Differences In Dementia Management Plans Of Spousal Caregivers: Implications For Occupational Therapy., Mary A. Corcoran

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

Occupational therapists treating older people with Alzheimer disease know that they must also consider the others who are affected by the disease, the informal caregivers. Intervention is most effective when it enables both the impaired person and the primary caregiver to manage the secondary symptoms of dementia. Unfortunately, little is understood about how caregivers approach and carry out their tasks and about why male and female caregivers respond differently to their caregiving role in terms of depression, burden, stress, and substance abuse. This paper discusses the effects of gender on dementia management plans of spousal caregivers. Husbands and wives have …

Childhood Typhoid Fever Diagnosed In An Urban U.S. Setting., Surinder K. Sodhi, Stephen C. Eppes, Joel D. Klein

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

The majority of cases of childhood typhoid fever diagnosed in the United States occur in persons recently returned from travel abroad. We report two childhood cases of typhoid fever acquired in Mexico and India and diagnosed in an urban United States setting. This report describes these cases and provides insights into the pitfalls in recognizing this condition in a nonendemic setting as well as information concerning differential diagnosis and treatment.

Modulation Of Cisplatin Sensitivity And Growth Rate Of An Ovarian Carcinoma Cell Line By Bombesin And Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha., Seiji Isonishi, Antti P. Jekunen, Doreen K. Hom, Alan Eastman, Peter S. Edelstein, Franz B. Thiebaut, Randolph D. Christen, Stephen B. Howell

Dartmouth Scholarship

A twofold change in the cisplatin (DDP) sensitivity of 2008 human ovarian carcinoma cells is sufficient to reduce tumor response in vivo. The DDP sensitivity of these cells can be enhanced by activation of the epidermal growth factor and protein kinase C signal transduction pathways. We report here that two endogenous growth factors, bombesin and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha), enhanced DDP sensitivity by factors of 1.7 +/- 0.1 (SD)-fold and 1.8 +/- 0.1 (SD)-fold, respectively. Both agents also produced sensitization in an 11-fold DDP-resistant 2008 subline. Neither bombesin nor TNF alpha changed the accumulation of DDP, glutathione content, …

Dementia Management: An Occupational Therapy Home-Based Intervention For Caregivers., Mary A. Corcoran, Laura N. Gitlin

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

This paper describes an occupational therapy intervention designed for family caregivers of persons with dementia. The intervention, based on the framework of a competence-environmental press model and the principle of collaboration, was implemented during 5 home visits. Each visit was designed to build caregiving skills through collaboration in identifying problem areas, developing and implementing environmental strategies, and modifying management approaches. A case vignette illustrates the therapeutic process and outcomes. The theoretical rationale and structure of the intervention and innovative documentation for evaluation of the theoretic process are also presented.

Measurement Of Beliefs About Consciousness And Reality, Imants Barušs, Robert J. Moore

Psychology

No abstract provided.

Review Essay: Feminism, Lawyering, And Death Row, Joan W. Howarth

Scholarly Works

Representing men on death row is confounding, but not without reward. This lawyering work has taught me at least two lessons, the subjects of this essay. First, capital punishment--our attempt to use legal procedures to kill people fairly--is a feminist issue, or should be. Second, death row representation is too big a job for lawyers; we need to recruit poets. To develop these ideas, and perhaps to convince you without requiring you to undertake the same path to these conclusions, I am appropriating novelist Beverly Lowry's stunning new book, Crossed Over: A Murder, A Memoir. Crossed Over is the story …

An Emerging View Of Mastery, Excellence, And Leadership In Occupational Therapy Practice., Janice P Burke, Elizabeth Depoy

Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers

The recent focus on clinical reasoning in occupational therapy, specifically on how therapists solve complex problems, has stimulated interest in how master clinicians think in practice. By gaining insight into how clinicians think and what they think about when they identify and solve problems, we may be able to identify clinical reasoning patterns and processes that occupational therapy students and novice therapists need to experience in order to progress in their practice or to emerge as leaders in their field. Observation of the way in which clinical masters and leaders view challenges and solve problems as manifested in their clinical …

The Feminine Mystique In Dental Education: A Feminist's Challenge, David A. Nash

Oral Health Science Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Professional Experience Programme Report: Women's Health Promotion, An International Perspective, Lynne Hunt

Research outputs pre 2011

Between August 1988 and January 1989 I visited niQe countries in the Western Pacific, North America and Europe to survey women's health promotion from the perspective of the women's health movement. The experience was facilitated by study leave (Professional Experience Programme) from the Western Australian College of Advanced Education (now Edith Cowan University).

The main purpose of the study was to exchange ideas with selected academics and experts in women's health. The information acquired will be applied in courses in women's health offered by Edith Cowan University and in the ongoing development of a series of videotape productions on women's …

Malignant External Otitis And Mastoiditis Associated With An Igg4 Subclass Deficiency In A Child., Ricardo Castro, Md, Norman Robinson, Md, Joel Klein, Md, William Geimeier, Md

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

We have presented the first child in Delaware with malignant external otitis associated with IgG4 deficiency. Our patient needed three courses of intravenous antibiotics and twice required mastoidectomy, but has recovered completely following the restoration of the natural barrier between the internal and external ear, using a fascial graft from the large temporalis muscle. Some hearing deficit remains.