Digital Commons Network^™

Response-Adapted Ultralow-Dose Radiation Therapy For Orbital Indolent B-Cell Lymphoma: A Phase 2 Nonrandomized Controlled Trial, Chelsea C Pinnix, Bouthaina S Dabaja, Jillian R Gunther, Penny Q Fang, Susan Y Wu, Loretta J Nastoupil, Paolo Strati, Ranjit Nair, Sairah Ahmed, Raphael Steiner, Jason Westin, Sattva Neelapu, Maria A Rodriguez, Hun Ju Lee, Michael Wang, Christopher Flowers, Lei Feng, Bita Esmaeli

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Importance: Radiation therapy to doses of 24 to 36 Gy is currently used to treat indolent B-cell lymphoma of the ocular adnexa; however, ocular adverse effects are common.

Objective: To determine if a response-adapted radiation therapy strategy will result in excellent disease outcomes while reducing orbital morbidity.

Design, setting, and participants: This single-institution, phase 2 prospective nonrandomized controlled trial of a response-adapted strategy involved 50 evaluable patients with stage I to IV indolent B-cell lymphoma of the ocular adnexa enrolled between July 2015 and January 2021. This treatment approach was also retrospectively evaluated with a separate 55-patient cohort treated between …

Ixazomib Plus Daratumumab And Dexamethasone: Final Analysis Of A Phase 2 Study Among Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma, Sosana Delimpasi, Meletios A Dimopoulos, Jan Straub, Argiris Symeonidis, Luděk Pour, Roman Hájek, Cyrille Touzeau, Viralkumar K Bhanderi, Jesus G Berdeja, Petr Pavlíček, Jeffrey V Matous, Pawel J Robak, Kaveri Suryanarayan, Alison Miller, Miguel Villarreal, Dasha Cherepanov, Jaydeep K Srimani, Huilan Yao, Richard Labotka, Robert Z Orlowski

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Novel therapies have improved outcomes for multiple myeloma (MM) patients, but most ultimately relapse, making treatment decisions for relapsed/refractory MM (RRMM) patients increasingly challenging. We report the final analysis of a single-arm, phase 2 study evaluating the oral proteasome inhibitor (PI) ixazomib combined with daratumumab and dexamethasone (IDd; NCT03439293). Sixty-one RRMM patients (ixazomib/daratumumab-naïve; 1-3 prior therapies) were enrolled to receive IDd (28-day cycles) until disease progression/unacceptable toxicity. Median age was 69 years; 14.8% of patients had International Staging System stage III disease; 14.8% had received three prior therapies. Patients received a median of 16 cycles of IDd. In 59 response-evaluable …

Pulmonary Cellular Toxicity In Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency, Kristine M Abo, Carly Merritt, Maria C Basil, Susan M Lin, Edward Cantu, Michael P Morley, Pushpinder Bawa, Marissa Gallagher, Derek E Byers, Edward E Morrisey, Andrew A Wilson

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Biology Of Diachasmimorpha Longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Reared On Third Instar Larvae Of Bactrocera Dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae), Karim Nébié, Rémy Anogmain Dabiré, Alassane Koussoubé, Issaka Zida, Alizèta Sawadogo, Lucien Sawadogo, Antoine Richard Tiendrébéogo, Boureima Tassembédo, Rabiéta Semdé, Lenli Claude Otoidobiga, Saliou Niassy

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

The biology of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) was studied on third instar larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) to optimize its mass rearing in the laboratory. The mean parasitoid emergence rate ranged from 55–92% during its first 13 days of life. The number of females was higher than that of males. The mean development time from egg to adult emergence was 20.14± 0.02 days in females and 17.72± 0.02 days in males. Fed females lived longer than fed males. Food-deprived females and males lived 72 hr after emergence. The lifespan of males and females was 16.42± 0.53 and 15.86± 0.35 days, respectively, …

Comparing The Diagnostic Yield Of Germline Exome Versus Panel Sequencing In The Diverse Population Of The Texas Kidscanseq Pediatric Cancer Study, Lauren R Desrosiers-Battu, Tao Wang, Jacquelyn Reuther, George Miles, Hongzheng Dai, Eunji Jo, Heidi Russell, Robin Raesz-Martinez, Alva Recinos, Stephanie Gutierrez, Amy Thomas, Emily Berenson, Jessica Corredor, Kimberly Nugent, Rachel Wyatt Castillo, Rebecca Althaus, Rebecca Littlejohn, Shawn Gessay, Gail Tomlinson, Jonathan Gill, Juan Carlos Bernini, Kelly Vallance, Timothy Griffin, Sarah Scollon, Frank Y Lin, Christine Eng, Shashikant Kulkarni, Susan G Hilsenbeck, Angshumoy Roy, Amy L Mcguire, D Williams Parsons, Sharon E Plon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: To evaluate the relative diagnostic yield of clinical germline genomic tests in a diverse pediatric cancer population.

Patients and methods: The KidsCanSeq study enrolled pediatric cancer patients across six sites in Texas. Germline analysis included both exome sequencing and a therapy-focused pediatric cancer gene panel. The results were categorized by participants demographics, the presence of pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants, and variants of uncertain significance (VUS) in cancer predisposition genes (CPGs). Pediatric actionable CPGs were defined as those with cancer surveillance recommendations during childhood.

Results: Cancer P/LP variants were reported by at least one platform in 103 of …

Comparison Of Outcomes Of Abdominoperineal Resection Vs Low Anterior Resection In Very-Low Rectal Cancer, Roberta L Muldoon, Alva J Bethurum, Adriana C Gamboa, Kevin Zhang, Fei Ye, Scott E Regenbogen, Sherif Abdel-Misih, Aslam Ejaz, Paul E Wise, Matthew Silviera, Jennifer Holder-Murray, Glen C Balch, Alexander T Hawkins

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The management of very-low rectal cancer is one of the most challenging issues faced by general and colorectal surgeons. Many feel compelled to pursue abdominoperineal resection (APR) over low anterior resection (LAR) to optimize oncologic outcomes. This study aimed to determine differences in long-term oncologic outcomes between patients undergoing APR or LAR for very-low rectal cancer.

METHODS: The United States Rectal Cancer Consortium (2010-2016) was queried for adults who underwent either APR or LAR for stage I-III rectal cancers < 5 cm from anorectal junction and met inclusion criteria. The primary outcome was disease-free survival. Secondary outcomes included overall survival, length of stay, complications, recurrence location, and perioperative factors.

RESULTS: A total of 431 patients with very-low rectal cancer who underwent APR or LAR were identified; 154 (35.7%) underwent …

Outcomes Of Double-Valve Surgery For Infective Endocarditis Are Improving In The Modern Era, Paighton C Miller, Linda J Schulte, Theodore Marghitu, Shengxiang Huang, Tsuyoshi Kaneko, Ralph J Damiano, Puja Kachroo

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: The incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) is rapidly increasing. Contemporary outcomes following high-risk double valve surgery (DVS) for IE are not well described.

METHODS: Between 2001 and 2021, 211 patients with IE underwent combined aortic and mitral valve surgery at a tertiary care referral center. Data from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons registry, including demographics, operative details, and outcomes, were collected. Risk factors for 30-day and 1-year-mortality were analyzed. Survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards modeling.

RESULTS: The study cohort had a male preponderance (73%), with a median age of 56 years (interquartile range [IQR], 44 …

Exploring Medical Student Experiences Of Trauma In The Emergency Department: Opportunities For Trauma-Informed Medical Education, Giselle Appel, Ahmed Shahzad, Kestrel Reopelle, Stephen Didonato, Frances Rusnack, Dimitrios Papanagnou

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: During the third-year emergency medicine (EM) clerkship, medical students are immersed in traumatic incidents with their patients and clinical teams. Trauma-informed medical education (TIME) applies trauma-informed care (TIC) principles to help students manage trauma. We aimed to qualitatively describe the extent to which students perceived the six TIME domains as they navigated critical incidents during their EM clerkship.

METHODS: We employed a constructivist, modified grounded theory approach to explore medical students' experiences. We used the critical incident technique to elicit narratives to better understand the six TIME domains as they naturally appear in the clerkship. Participants were asked to …

An Interpretable Machine Learning-Based Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteomics Clock For Predicting Age Reveals Novel Insights Into Brain Aging, Justin Melendez, Yun Ju Sung, Miranda Orr, Andrew Yoo, Suzanne Schindler, Carlos Cruchaga, Randall Bateman

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Machine learning can be used to create "biologic clocks" that predict age. However, organs, tissues, and biofluids may age at different rates from the organism as a whole. We sought to understand how cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) changes with age to inform the development of brain aging-related disease mechanisms and identify potential anti-aging therapeutic targets. Several epigenetic clocks exist based on plasma and neuronal tissues; however, plasma may not reflect brain aging specifically and tissue-based clocks require samples that are difficult to obtain from living participants. To address these problems, we developed a machine learning clock that uses CSF proteomics to …

Genetic Risk Accentuates Dietary Effects On Hepatic Steatosis, Inflammation And Fibrosis In A Population-Based Cohort, Vincent L Chen, Xiaomeng Du, Antonino Oliveri, Yanhua Chen, Annapurna Kuppa, Brian D Halligan, Michael A Province, Elizabeth K Speliotes

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Steatotic liver disease (SLD), characterized by elevated liver fat content (LFC), is influenced by genetics and diet. However, whether diet has a differential effect based on genetic risk is not well-characterized. We aimed to determine how genetic factors interact with diet to affect SLD in a large national biobank.

METHODS: We included UK Biobank participants with dietary intake measured by 24-hour recall and genotyping. The primary predictors were dietary pattern, PNPLA3-rs738409-G, TM6SF2-rs58542926-T, a 16-variant hepatic steatosis polygenic risk score (PRS), and gene-environment interactions. The primary outcome was LFC, and secondary outcomes were iron-controlled T1 time (cT1, a …

Pembrolizumab Plus Carboplatin And Paclitaxel As First-Line Therapy For Recurrent/Metastatic Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (Keynote-B10): A Single-Arm Phase Iv Trial, Marcin Dzienis, Peter Oppelt, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

PURPOSE: Standard-of-care first-line treatment for recurrent/metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) is pembrolizumab plus platinum and fluorouracil (FU). However, FU is associated with potential challenges (continuous 4-day infusion, high administration costs, and cardiovascular and gastrointestinal toxicities), creating a clinical need for alternative chemotherapy combinations. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of first-line pembrolizumab plus carboplatin and paclitaxel for R/M HNSCC in the open-label, single-arm, phase IV KEYNOTE-B10 study (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04489888).

METHODS: Eligible adults had previously untreated, histologically or cytologically confirmed R/M HNSCC regardless of PD-L1 status, measurable disease per RECIST v1.1 by blinded independent central review …

Beta-Hydroxybutyrate Levels And Risk Of Diabetic Ketoacidosis In Adults With Type 1 Diabetes Treated With Sotagliflozin, Schafer Boeder, Michael J Davies, Janet B Mcgill, Richard Pratley, Manon Girard, Phillip Banks, Jeremy Pettus, Satish Garg

2020-Current year OA Pubs

No abstract provided.

Comprehensive Molecular Profiling Of Multiple Myeloma Identifies Refined Copy Number And Expression Subtypes, Sheri Skerget, Ravi Vij, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Multiple myeloma is a treatable, but currently incurable, hematological malignancy of plasma cells characterized by diverse and complex tumor genetics for which precision medicine approaches to treatment are lacking. The Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation's Relating Clinical Outcomes in Multiple Myeloma to Personal Assessment of Genetic Profile study ( NCT01454297 ) is a longitudinal, observational clinical study of newly diagnosed patients with multiple myeloma (n = 1,143) where tumor samples are characterized using whole-genome sequencing, whole-exome sequencing and RNA sequencing at diagnosis and progression, and clinical data are collected every 3 months. Analyses of the baseline cohort identified genes that are …

Influenza Vaccination Stimulates Maturation Of The Human T Follicular Helper Cell Response, Stefan A Schattgen, Jackson S Turner, Aaron J Schmitz, Julian Q Zhou, Wooseob Kim, Katherine M Mcintire, Alem Haile, Michael K Klebert, Teresa Suessen, William D Middleton, Sharlene A Teefey, Rachel M Presti, Ali H Ellebedy, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

The differentiation and specificity of human CD4

A Novel Antigen Biomarker For Detection Of High-Level Of Loa Loa Microfilaremia, Sarah E Greene, Yuefang Huang, Kerstin Fischer, Bruce A. Rosa, John Martin, Makedonka Mitreva, Devyn Yates, Samuel Wanji, Joseph Kamgno, Philip J. Budge, Gary J. Weil, Peter U. Fischer

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Loiasis is a disease caused by the nematode Loa loa. Serious adverse events sometimes occur in people with heavy L. loa microfilaremia after ivermectin treatment. In regions of Central Africa where loiasis is endemic, this significantly impedes global elimination programs for lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis that use mass distribution of ivermectin. Improved diagnostic tests to identify individuals at increased risk of serious adverse events could facilitate efforts to eliminate lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis in this region.

METHODS AND FINDINGS: We previously identified the L. loa protein Ll-Bhp-1 in loiasis patient sera. Here, we further characterize Ll-Bhp-1 and report development …

Frontostriatal Salience Network Expansion In Individuals In Depression, Charles J Lynch, Evan M Gordon, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Decades of neuroimaging studies have shown modest differences in brain structure and connectivity in depression, hindering mechanistic insights or the identification of risk factors for disease onset

Pfas Levels, Early Life Factors, And Mammographic Breast Density In Premenopausal Women, Yitao S Ning, Kayla R Getz, Joy K Kyeyune, Myung Sik Jeon, Chongliang Luo, Jingqin Luo, Adetunji T Toriola

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Mammographic breast density (MBD) is a strong risk factor and an intermediate phenotype for breast cancer, yet there are limited studies on how environmental pollutants are associated with MBD.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated associations of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) levels with measures of MBD and evaluated if early life factors modified any associations.

METHODS: Metabolon performed metabolomics analysis using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography/tandem accurate mass spectrometry in fasting blood from 705 premenopausal women completing their annual screening mammogram in St. Louis, Missouri. We calculated least square means (LSM) of mammographic volumetric percent density (VPD), dense …

American Association Of Plastic Surgeons Consensus On Breast Implant-Associated Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma, Mark W. Clemens, Terence M. Myckatyn, Arianna Di Napoli, Andrew L. Feldman, Elaine S. Jaffe, Cara L. Haymaker, Steven M. Horwitz, Kelly K. Hunt, Marshall E. Kadin, Colleen M Mccarthy, Roberto N. Miranda, H. Miles Prince, Fabio Santanelli Di Pompeo, Sari D. Holmes, Linda G. Phillips

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: In the absence of high-quality evidence, there is a need for guidelines and multidisciplinary consensus recommendations on breast implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL). The purpose of this expert consensus conference was to evaluate the existing evidence regarding the diagnosis and management of BIA-ALCL caused by textured implants. This article aims to provide evidence-based recommendations regarding the management and prevention of BIA-ALCL.

METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in the MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases, and supplemented by manual searches of relevant English-language articles and "related articles" sections. Studies focusing on breast surgery and lymphoma associated with breast implants …

Surgeon Recommendations For Physical Activity In Patients With Pediatric Hip Conditions, Jacqueline Li, Emily K. Schaeffer, Stacey Miller, Verena M. Schreiber, Yasmin D. Hailer, John C. Clohisy, Harry K. W. Kim, Kishore Mulpuri

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: While physical activity (PA) is important during youth, it is unclear if children and adolescents with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH), Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD), or slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) are expected or encouraged to return to PA once they have healed. This study examines the orthopaedic surgeons' role in advising pediatric hip patients on the PA they should engage in, assessing their practice, opinions, and consensus when making recommendations.

METHODS: Orthopaedic surgeons were invited from member lists of 4 hip study groups. The survey included demographics, opinions regarding PA, and 10 case scenarios that queried respondents on …

Examining The Most Important Risk Factors For Predicting Youth Persistent And Distressing Psychotic-Like Experiences, Nicole R Karcher, Aristeidis Sotiras, Tara A Niendam, Elaine F Walker, Joshua J Jackson, Deanna M Barch

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Persistence and distress distinguish more clinically significant psychotic-like experiences (PLEs) from those that are less likely to be associated with impairment and/or need for care. Identifying risk factors that identify clinically relevant PLEs early in development is important for improving our understanding of the etiopathogenesis of these experiences. Machine learning analyses were used to examine the most important baseline factors distinguishing persistent distressing PLEs.

METHODS: Using Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study data on PLEs from 3 time points (ages 9-13 years), we created the following groups: individuals with persistent distressing PLEs (n = 305), individuals with transient distressing …

Neural Correlates Of Novelty-Evoked Distress In 4-Month-Old Infants: A Synthetic Cohort Study, Courtney A Filippi, Anderson M Winkler, Dana Kanel, Jed T Elison, Hannah Hardiman, Chad Sylvester, Daniel S Pine, Nathan A Fox

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Observational assessments of infant temperament have provided unparalleled insight into prediction of risk for social anxiety. However, it is challenging to administer and score these assessments alongside high-quality infant neuroimaging data. In the current study, we aimed to identify infant resting-state functional connectivity associated with both parent report and observed behavioral estimates of infant novelty-evoked distress.

METHODS: Using data from the OIT (Origins of Infant Temperament) study, which includes deep phenotyping of infant temperament, we identified parent-report measures that were associated with observed novelty-evoked distress. These parent-report measures were then summarized into a composite score used for imaging analysis. …

Quantitative Gradient Recalled Echo (Qgre) Mri Enables In Vivo Measurement Of Pre-Atrophic Neurodegeneration In A Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Michal R Tomaszewski, Alexander L Sukstanskii, Hyking Haley, Xiangjun Meng, Corin O Miller, Dmitriy A Yablonskiy

2020-Current year OA Pubs

Robust methods are needed for preclinical evaluation of novel Alzheimer Disease (AD) therapies to accelerate drug discovery. Quantitative Gradient Recalled Echo (qGRE) MRI has shown promise to provide insight into neurodegeneration in AD prior to atrophy development in humans, highlighting areas of low neuronal density. In this study a novel qGRE method (20 echoes, TE=2-40ms) is shown to non-invasively measure the longitudinal neuronal loss in the hippocampus of a mouse model of AD tauopathy Tg4510. Tg4510 (n=10) and wild type (WT, n=6) mice underwent MRI (7T field strength) at 3-7 months old. 3D qGRE approach was used to generate brain-specific …

An Ordinal Clinical Score Predicts Seizure Freedom After Minimally Invasive Epilepsy Surgery, Adam S Dickey, Katie L Bullinger, Dayton Grogan, Melissa M Asmar, Abdulrahman Alwaki, Ammar Kheder, Veeresh Kumar N Shivamurthy, Razan R Faraj, Alexander Greven, Jon T Willie, Daniel L Drane, Robert E Gross

2020-Current year OA Pubs

OBJECTIVE: To predict one-year seizure freedom, using a combination of relevant clinical variables, following stereotactic laser amygdalohippocampotomy for mesial temporal lobe epilepsy in a series of 101 patients.

METHODS: Eight predictors of seizure freedom were selected based on their association with medial temporal lobe epilepsy: (1) MRI evidence of mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS); (2) unitemporal interictal epileptiform discharges; (3) absence of generalized tonic-clonic seizures; (4) history of febrile seizures; (5) onset of epilepsy ≤16 years; (6) absence of an auditory, visual, or vertiginous aura; and (7) unitemporal ictal onset; (8) unitemporal PET hypometabolism. We compared four multivariate models: "MTS," using …

Prolonged Cytopenias After Immune Effector Cell Therapy And Lymphodepletion In Patients With Leukemia, Lymphoma And Solid Tumors, Anne Miller, Rachel Daum, Tao Wang, Mengfen Wu, Candise Tat, Thomas Pfeiffer, Shoba Navai, Andras Heczey, Meenakshi Hegde, Nabil Ahmed, Sarah B Whittle, Laquisa Hill, Caridad Martinez, Robert Krance, Carlos A Ramos, Rayne H Rouce, Premal Lulla, Helen E Heslop, Bilal Omer, Meghan Shekar

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background aims: The success of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in treating B-cell malignancies has led to the evaluation of CAR T-cells targeting a variety of other malignancies. Although the efficacy of CAR T-cells is enhanced when administered post-lymphodepleting chemotherapy, this can trigger bone marrow suppression and sustained cytopenia after CD19.CAR T-cell therapy. Additionally, systemic inflammation associated with CAR T-cell activity may contribute to myelosuppression. Cytopenias, such as neutropenia and thrombocytopenia, elevate the risk of severe infections and bleeding, respectively. However, data on the incidence of prolonged cytopenias after immune effector therapy in the solid tumor context remain limited. …

A Prospective Cohort Study Of Pregnancy Outcomes Following Antepartum Infection With Sars-Cov-2, James D Doss, Emily Diveley, Fan Zhang, Amy Scheffer, Ruizhi Huang, Daniel Jackson, Nandini Raghuraman, Ebony B Carter, Indira U Mysorekar, Jeannie C Kelly

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives: Our study aimed to explore the impact of COVID-19 infection on pregnancy outcomes, accounting for the progression of variants, vaccines, and treatment modalities.

Study design: We performed a prospective longitudinal cohort study at two urban tertiary centers enrolling patients with a confirmed intrauterine singleton pregnancy from December 23, 2020 to July 18, 2022. Patients were evaluated for SARS-CoV-2 infection at enrollment and every trimester using serum antibody testing. The primary outcome was preterm birth. Symptom and treatment data were collected from pregnant patients with COVID-19 infections. Variant strain infection status was determined from local wastewater analysis.

Results: 448 patients …

Potentially Functional Variants Of Chmp4a And Panx1 In The Pyroptosis-Related Pathway Predict Survival Of Patients With Non-Oropharyngeal Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Xiaozhun Tang, Huiling Wang, Hongliang Liu, Guojun Li, Erich M Sturgis, Sanjay Shete, Qingyi Wei

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Pyroptosis has been implicated in the advancement of various cancers. Triggering pyroptosis within tumors amplifies the immune response, thereby fostering an antitumor immune environment. Nonetheless, few published studies have evaluated associations between functional variants in the pyroptosis-related genes and clinical outcomes of patients with non-oropharyngeal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (NON-ORO HNSCC).

Methods: We conducted an association study of 985 NON-ORO HNSCC patients who were randomly divided into two groups: the discovery group of 492 patients and the replication group of 493 patients. We used Cox proportional hazards regression analysis to examine associations between genetic variants of the …

Psychiatric Polygenic Risk Scores: Experience, Hope For Utility, And Concerns Among Child And Adolescent Psychiatrists, Amanda R Merner, Page M Trotter, Lauren A Ginn, Jason Bach, Katherine J Freedberg, Takahiro Soda, Eric A Storch, Stacey Pereira, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Recent advances in psychiatric genetics have enabled the use of polygenic risk scores (PRS) to estimate genetic risk for psychiatric disorders. However, the potential use of PRS in child and adolescent psychiatry has raised concerns. This study provides an in-depth examination of attitudes among child and adolescent psychiatrists (CAP) regarding the use of PRS in psychiatry. We conducted semi-structured interviews with U.S.-based CAP (n=29) who possess expertise in genetics. The majority of CAP indicated that PRS have limited clinical utility in their current form and are not ready for clinical implementation. Most clinicians stated that nothing would motivate them to …

Arcuate Dopaminergic/Gabaergic Neurons Project Within The Hypothalamus And To The Median Eminence, Somya Mittal, Benjamin R Arenkiel, Ariel M Lyons-Warren

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Cotransmission, meaning the release of multiple neurotransmitters from one synapse, allows for increased diversity of signaling in the brain. Dopamine (DA) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) are known to coexpress in many regions such as the olfactory bulb and the ventral tegmental area. Tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurons (TIDA) in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (Arc) project to the median eminence (ME) and regulate prolactin release from the pituitary, and prior work suggests dopaminergic Arc neurons also cotransmit GABA. However, the extent of cotransmission, and the projection patterns of these neurons have not been fully revealed. Here, we used a genetic intersectional …

Molecular Detection Of Intestinal Parasites In A Rural Community Of Colombia: A One Health Approach To Explore Potential Environmental-Zoonotic Transmission, Sergio Castañeda, Claudia Patricia Acosta, Luis Reinel Vasquez-A, Luz H Patiño, Rojelio Mejía, Juan David Ramírez

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Aims: Protozoan and helminth parasitic infections pose significant public health challenges, especially in developing countries with rural populations marked by suboptimal hygiene practices and socio-economic constraints. The parasites are the etiological agents of these infections and have a notably elevated global prevalence. Therefore, this study focuses on estimating the frequency and transmission dynamics of several parasitic species, including Blastocystis, Giardia, Cryptosporidium spp., Entamoeba histolytica, Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Taenia spp. and hookworms, within a rural community in southwest Colombia with a particular emphasis on the One Health framework, considering environmental and zoonotic transmission potentials.

Methods and results: This study involved …

High-Sensitivity Troponin T, Nt-Probnp, And Cognitive Outcomes In Sprint, Devin Haney, Yuan Ma, Djhenne Dalmacy, Nicholas M Pajewski, Ihab Hajjar, James A De Lemos, Wenxin Zhang, Elsayed Z Soliman, Christie M Ballantyne, Vijay Nambi, Naveed Sattar, Anthony A Killeen, Joachim H Ix, Michael G Shlipak, Jarett D Berry, Simon B Ascher

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Hs-cTnT (cardiac troponin T measured with a highly sensitive assay) and NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) may identify adults with hypertension who derive greater cognitive benefits from lower systolic blood pressure targets.

Methods: In the SPRINT (Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial) MIND study, participants were categorized as having both hs-cTnT and NT-proBNP in the lower 2 tertiles (n=4226), one in the highest tertile (n=2379), and both in the highest tertile (n=1506). We assessed the effect of intensive versus standard treatment on the composite of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or probable dementia (PD) across biomarker categories.

Results: Over a median …