Digital Commons Network^™

Staff Education Program On Diabetes Using Self-Care Behaviors, Ruth Adhiambo Ogot

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Type 2 diabetes mellitus affects patients' health across the globe and is costly to manage. The chronic high blood sugar of diabetes is linked to cardiovascular and kidney damage, impaired functional status, and multiple organ failure. To lessen the complications associated with diabetes and promote self-care in those with the disease, health care professionals must be vigilant in offering diabetes education to patients with each clinic or primary care visit. Lack of diabetic educators in the clinic that provided the setting for this study indicated a need to increase clinical staff competency in teaching self-care and diabetes management to patients. …

Strength Training Improves Metabolic Health Markers In Older Individual Regardless Of Training Frequency, Johanna K. Ihalainen, Alistair Inglis, Tuomas Mäkinen, Robert U. Newton, Heikki Kainulainen, Heikki Kyröläinen, Simon Walker

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of frequency, thereby increasing training volume, of resistance training on body composition, inflammation markers, lipid and glycemic profile in healthy older individuals (age range 65–75 year). Ninety-two healthy participants were randomly assigned to one of four groups; performing strength training one- (EX1), two- (EX2), or three- (EX3) times-per-week and a non-training control (CON) group. Whole-body strength training was performed using 2–5 sets and 4–12 repetitions per exercise and 7–9 exercises per session. All training groups attended supervised resistance training for 6 months. Body composition was measured by dual …

Does Caffeine Ingestion Before A Short-Term Sprint Interval Training Promote Body Fat Loss?, G. A. Ferreira, L. C. Felippe, R. Bertuzzi, David J. Bishop, I. S. Ramos, F. R. De-Oliveira, A. E. Lima-Silva

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

We investigated the effect of caffeine ingestion combined with a 2-wk sprint interval training (SIT) on training-induced reductions in body adiposity. Twenty physically-active men ingested either 5 mg/kg of cellulose as a placebo (PLA, n=10) or 5 mg/kg of caffeine (CAF, n=10) 60 min before each SIT session (13×30 s sprint/15 s of rest). Body mass and skinfold thickness were measured pre- and post-training. Energy expenditure was measured at rest, during exercise, and 45 min after exercise in the first SIT session. Body fat was similar between PLA and CAF groups at pre-training (P>0.05). However, there was a significant …

Does Exercise Impact Gut Microbiota Composition In Men Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy For Prostate Cancer? A Single-Blinded, Two-Armed Randomised Controlled Trial, Robert U. Newton, Claus T. Christophersen, Ciaran M. Fairman, Nicolas H. Hart, Dennis R. Taaffe, David Broadhurst, Amanda Devine, Raphael Chee, Colin I. Tang, Nigel Spry, Daniel A. Galvao

Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles

Introduction: A potential link exists between prostate cancer (PCa) disease and treatment and increased inflammatory levels from gut dysbiosis. This study aims to examine if exercise favourably alters gut microbiota in men receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for PCa. Specifically, this study will explore whether: (1) exercise improves the composition of gut microbiota and increases the abundance of bacteria associated with health promotion and (2) whether gut health correlates with favourable inflammatory status, bowel function, continence and nausea among patients participating in the exercise intervention.

Methods and analysis: A single-blinded, two-armed, randomised controlled trial will explore the influence …

The Relationship Between Physical Activity And Cardiorespiratory Fitness Among People Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Throughout The Life Span, Allison R. Webel, Joseph Perazzo, J. Craig Phillips, Kathleen M. Nokes, Cynthia Rentrope, Rebecca Schnall, Rita Musanti, Kimberly Adams Tufts, Elizabeth Sefcik, Mary Jane Hamilton, Carmen Portillo, Puangtip Chaiphibalsarisdi, Penelope Orton, Liana Davis, Carol Dawson Rose

Ellmer School of Nursing Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) are at an increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in PLHIV are poorly understood.

OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study were to describe physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness by sex and age and to examine the association between physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in PLHIV, controlling for covariates.

METHODS: Seven hundred two PLHIV participated in a cross-sectional study and completed validated measures of self-reported physical activity (7-day Physical Activity Recall) and cardiorespiratory fitness (6-minute walk test). Participants were recruited from 7 diverse sites in the United …

The Course Changes In Maximal Strength Velocity Following A Traditional Strength- Or Power Orientated Training Session, Alexander Vernon

Theses

The primary aim of this study was to investigate the return to baseline of movement velocity and maximal strength following a typical strength-orientated and power-orientated session in the full depth, free-weight back squat performed with maximal concentric velocity. Fourteen strength-trained males completed a power-orientated session (3-sets of 6-repetitions @50% of a one-repetition maximum [1RM]) and a strength-orientated session (5-sets of 5-repetitions @80%1RM) in randomised order over two weeks. At 24, 48, 72 and 96-hours following the training session stimulus, sessions were completed with loads of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 90% and 100%1RM lifted. Prior to the completion of the training …

Discovering The Genetic Architecture Underlying Exercise Response Using Drosophila Melanogaster, Louis P. Watanabe

All ETDs from UAB

The growth of modern jobs, technology, and transportation has coincided with increased sedentary behavior in many developed nations. In the United States, this increase has contributed partially to rising rates of obesity, leading to more than 78 million obese individuals. The annual medical costs associated with obesity are thought to range from 147 to 210 billion dollars. The initial treatment recommendations for individuals with obesity are increased exercise and changes in diet. Despite the strong narrative pushing exercise as a health benefit, individual responses can vary widely, and little is known regarding the genetic networks modulating exercise response. In order …

Understanding The Intersection Of Cannabis And Physical Activity, Lukas E. Coppen

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

Cannabis use has been gaining wider social acceptance, and with increased legalization cannabis users are talking more openly about how and why they consume cannabis. Moreover, professional and non-professional athletes are openly discussing their cannabis use in training. There is a distinct lack of cannabis research in humans, particularly as it relates to physical activity (PA). PURPOSE: To understand how and why people use cannabis with PA as well as categorizing the preferred mode of PA users engage in. METHODS: Subjects (n = 101; with ages ranging from 18-55 years old) participated in an anonymous online survey if they reported …

Effect Of Exercise On Some Minerals, Metabolites And Enzyme Activities In The Serum Of Trained Arabian Horses, Roya Pourmohammad, Mehrdad Mohri, Hesam Seifi, Kamran Sardari

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The exercise-induced variations of some biochemical parameters including calcium (Ca), phosphorous (P), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), zinc (Zn), sodium (Na), potassium (K), chlorine (Cl), glucose, urea, creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and creatine kinase (CK) were assessed in the serum of 25 Arabian horses. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein 3 different times: before exercise, 5 h after exercise, and 18 h after exercise. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS (version 9.2; SAS Institute, Cary, NC, USA). Ca, Cl, glucose, and urea showed significant (P < 0.05) changes due to exercise. There was significant increase from before exercise to 5 h after exercise in urea concentrations while Ca and Cl concentrations significantly decreased. A significant ascending trend for Ca between 5 h and 18 h after exercise was also seen, while glucose and urea had a significantly descending trend. No significant time-based variations were observed for other variables. The results of the present study indicated that exercise could affect the value of some biochemical parameters, which could be used in future studies evaluating the health status of Arabian horses.

Combination Of Amylopectin And Chromium Form Improves Energy Storage And Reduces Muscle Fatigue In Rats During Exhaustive Exercise, Mehmet Irmak, Nurhan Şahi̇n, Cemal Orhan, Mehmet Tuzcu, Patrick Brice Defo Deeh, Meltem Yardim, Armağan Hayirli, James Komorowski, Kazi̇m Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This study evaluated the effects of amylopectin (A) and chromium (Cr) forms alone or in combination on energy storage, muscle fatigue-related biochemical markers, and expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR-γ) and glucose transporter-2 and -4 (GLUT-2 and GLUT-4) in rats during exhaustive exercise. Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 7) as follows: 1) exhaustive exercise (E); 2) E+A; 3) E+A+chromium picolinate (CrPic); 4) E+A+chromium histidinate (CrHis), and 5) E+A+CrPic+CrHis. Rats received 0.0316 g of amylopectin and 11.06 µg of elemental Cr kg$^{-1}$ body weight given as CrPic and CrHis per day. The mean duration of …

The Predictive Performance Of Objective Measures Of Physical Activity Derived From Accelerometry Data For 5-Year All-Cause Mortality In Older Adults: National Health And Nutritional Examination Survey 2003-2006, Ekaterina Smirnova, Andrew Leroux, Quy Cao, Lucia Tabacu, Vadim Zipunnikov, Ciprian Crainiceanu, Jacek Urbanek

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

Background: Declining physical activity (PA) is a hallmark of aging. Wearable technology provides reliable measures of the frequency, duration, intensity, and timing of PA. Accelerometry-derived measures of PA are compared to established predictors of 5-year all-cause mortality in older adults in terms of individual, relative, and combined predictive performance.

Methods: Participants between 50 and 85 years old from the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES, n = 2978) wore a hip-worn accelerometer in the free-living environment for up to 7 days. A total of 33 predictors of 5-year all-cause mortality (number of events = 297), including 20 measures …

The Current State Of Subjective Training Load Monitoring—A Practical Perspective And Call To Action, Joseph O. C. Coyne, G. Gregory Haff, Aaron J Coutts, Robert U. Newton, Sophia Nimphius

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

This commentary delivers a practical perspective on the current state of subjective training load (TL) monitoring, and in particular sessional ratings of perceived exertion, for performance enhancement and injury prevention. Subjective measures may be able to reflect mental fatigue, effort, stress, and motivation. These factors appear to be important moderators of the relationship TL has with performance and injury, and they also seem to differ between open and closed skill sports. As such, mental factors may affect the interaction between TL, performance, and injury in different sports. Further, modeling these interactions may be limited due to the assumption that an …

Design And Methodology Of A Cluster-Randomized Trial In Early Care And Education Centers To Meet Physical Activity Guidelines: Sustainability Via Active Garden Education (Sage), Rebecca E. Lee, Elizabeth Lorenzo, Jacob Szeszulski, Anel Arriola, Meg Bruening, Paul A. Estabrooks, Jennie Hill, Flavio F. Marsiglia, Teresia O'Connor, Kim Sellers Pollins, Gabriel Q. Shaibi, Erica Soltero, Michael Todd

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Strategies are needed to help early care and education centers (ECEC) comply with policies to meet daily physical activity and fruit and vegetable guidelines for young children. This manuscript describes the design and methodology of Sustainability via Active Garden Education (SAGE), a 12-session cluster-randomized controlled crossover design trial using community-based participatory research (CBPR) to test a garden-based ECEC physical activity and fruit and vegetables promotion intervention for young children aged 3–5 years in 20 sites. The SAGE curriculum uses the plant lifecycle as a metaphor for human development. Children learn how to plant, water, weed, harvest, and do simple food …

Mirror, Mirror, On The Wall: Reflections Of A Fat Girl, Lisa P. Spinazola

Kaleidoscope: A Graduate Journal of Qualitative Communication Research

This paper shows a day in the life of a woman who sees herself as fat. Her reflection in the mirror is a site of conflict and strife. While she feels accomplished and confident as a teacher, mother and friend, she lacks confidence about her body, which presents a dialectical tension in her sense of self. She writes as a way to understand this dialectic and how she might learn to live a healthier, happier life where she finds balance and is not flagellating herself about her weight. She explores the role food and exercise play in her existence and …

Exercise Engagement And Longitudinal Change In Alzheimer's Disease Biomarkers, Regional Brain Structure, And Cognitive Functioning, Marta Stojanovic

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Exercise On Clinical Couple Interactions, Samantha Karma-Jean Simpson

Theses and Dissertations

Research has shown that exercise has the potential to improve couple relationships. This study contributes to current literature by examining the associations between exercise, its duration, and its intensity and daily clinical couple interactions. Participants were 22 married couples in a treatment-as-usual setting who completed daily diaries about daily behaviors and marital interactions. Multilevel models were run, and results showed that wives who exercised were more likely to report a negative interaction with their husband that day. When wives exercised longer, both they and their husbands were more likely to report positive interactions that day. Interestingly, if husbands exercised longer …

Psychological Factors Related To Exercise Behaviors Among College Students, Eric D. Jenkins, Phillip J. Dillulio, Fernando Said, Tim Stamper, Samuel Zizzi

Mountaineer Undergraduate Research Review

With the prevalence of obesity steadily increasing throughout the United States, promotion of healthy behavior is as important as ever. Positive exercise and dietary habits promoted during the years an individual is in college can perpetuate a lifestyle change that ideally prolongs an entire lifespan. Researchers gathered data from 108 full time students, 18 years of age or older from the West Virginia University Student Recreation Center. Participants were recruited using convenient sampling and completed a 74-item questionnaire comprised of both qualitative and quantitative questions. The collected data, in collaboration with previous literature, has empowered the research team with suitable …

Differences In Physical Activity And Diet Patterns Between Non-Rural And Rural Adults., Lacey Mccormack, Howard Wey, Jessica R. Meendering, Bonny Specker

Health and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: It is unclear how rural occupations and lifestyles may play a role in shaping physical activity and diet behaviors that contribute to the rural⁻urban obesity disparity.
METHODS: Data come from the prospective and observational South Dakota Rural Bone Health Study, which included adults aged 20⁻66 years in three groups: (1) non-rural non-Hutterite, (2) rural non-Hutterite, and (3) rural Hutterite. Physical activity data were collected using 7-day physical activity questionnaires, and hours per day in physical activity categories are reported. Diet data were collected using food frequency questionnaires, and food group servings per day (svg/day) are reported. Mixed models were …

Effects Of An Aqueous Extract Of Withania Somnifera On Strength Training Adaptations And Recovery: The Star Trial, Tim N. Ziegenfuss, Anurag W. Kedia, Jennifer E. Sandrock, Betsy J. Raub, Chad Kerksick, Hector L. Lopez

Faculty Scholarship

Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) is an Ayurvedic herb categorized as having “rasayana” (rejuvenator), longevity, and revitalizing properties. Sensoril® is a standardized aqueous extract of the roots and leaves of Withania somnifera. Purpose: To examine the impact of Sensoril^® supplementation on strength training adaptations. Methods: Recreationally active men (26.5 ± 6.4 years, 181 ± 6.8 cm, 86.9 ± 12.5 kg, 24.5 ± 6.6% fat) were randomized in a double-blind fashion to placebo (PLA, n = 19) or 500 mg/d Sensoril^® (S500, n = 19). Body composition (DEXA), muscular strength, power, and endurance, 7.5 km cycling time trial, and clinical blood …

Teenage Exercise Is Associated With Earlier Symptom Onset In Dysferlinopathy: A Retrospective Cohort Study, Ursula R Moore, Matthew Harms, Alan Pestronk, Et Al

Open Access Publications

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Exercise Training Intensities On Changes In Body Composition, Visceral Adipose Tissue, Adiponectin And C-Reactive Protein, Leslie E. Solis

Theses and Dissertations

Obesity is currently characterized as a worldwide health pandemic. Despite many efforts to provide the optimal exercise prescription to obese and overweight individuals for maximization of fat loss and decreasing metabolic risks, findings in the literature continue to remain ambiguous. This investigation aimed to examine the effects of low- vs. high-intensity short-term training on body composition and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) under equivalent caloric expenditure in overweight and obese Hispanic adults of Laredo, Texas. Additionally, it aimed to analyze how changes in body composition and VAT affect serum levels of adiponectin and C-reactive protein (CRP),bioactive chemicals utilized in the detection …

Are The Metabolic Benefits Of Resistance Training In Type 2 Diabetes Linked To Improvements In Adipose Tissue Microvascular Blood Flow?, Donghua Hu, Ryan D. Russell, Devika Remash, Timothy Greenaway, Stephen Rattigan, Kathryn A. Squibb, Graeme Jones, Renee M. Ross, Christian K. Roberts, Dino Premilovac

Health & Human Performance Faculty Publications

The microcirculation in adipose tissue is markedly impaired in type 2 diabetes (T2D). Resistance training (RT) often increases muscle mass and promotes a favorable metabolic profile in people with T2D, even in the absence of fat loss. Whether the metabolic benefits of RT in T2D are linked to improvements in adipose tissue microvascular blood flow is unknown. Eighteen sedentary people with T2D (7 women/11 men, 52 ± 7 yr) completed 6 wk of RT. Before and after RT, overnight-fasted participants had blood sampled for clinical chemistries (glucose, insulin, lipids, HbA1c, and proinflammatory markers) and underwent an oral glucose challenge (OGC; …

Using The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form Cutoffs To Predict Lack Of Pre-Surgical Exercise, Brooke R. Fusco, Ryan J. Marek, Anthony M. Tarescavage, Yossef S. Ben-Porath, Leslie J. Heinberg

2018 Faculty Bibliography

Previous studies suggest the importance of understanding what factors increase risk of lack of physical activity (PA) prior to bariatric surgery, which may increase risk of suboptimal postoperative outcomes. Therefore, the current study sought to explore which Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF) scales were associated with lack of pre-surgical PA. The mean age of the sample (N=1170) was 45.97 years [standard deviation (SD)=11.59]. Bivariate correlations and relative risk ratios were utilized to examine associations between MMPI-2-RF scale scores and regular preoperative PA. Of the ten hypothesized associations, seven MMPI-2-RF scales in the internalizing and somatic domains were associated with …

Muscle Adaptations To High-Load Training And Very Low-Load Training With And Without Blood Flow Restriction, Matthew B. Jessee, Samuel L. Buckner, J. Grant Mouser, Kevin T. Mattocks, Scott J. Dankel, Takashi Abe, Zachary W. Bell, John P. Bentley, Jeremy P. Loenneke

Faculty Publications

An inability to lift loads great enough to disrupt muscular blood flow may impair the ability to fatigue muscles, compromising the hypertrophic response. It is unknown what level of blood flow restriction (BFR) pressure, if any, is necessary to reach failure at very low-loads [i.e., 15% one-repetition maximum (1RM)]. The purpose of this study was to investigate muscular adaptations following resistance training with a very low-load alone (15/0), with moderate BFR (15/40), or with high BFR (15/80), and compare them to traditional high-load (70/0) resistance training. Using a within/between subject design, healthy young participants (n = 40) performed four …

Dietary Intake And Physical Activity Assessment: Current Tools, Techniques, And Technologies For Use In Adult Populations., Holly L. Mcclung, Lauren T. Ptomey, Robin P. Shook, Anju Aggarwal, Anna M. Gorczyca, Edward S. Sazonov, Katie Becofsky, Rick Weiss, Sai Krupa Das

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Accurate assessment of dietary intake and physical activity is a vital component for quality research in public health, nutrition, and exercise science. However, accurate and consistent methodology for the assessment of these components remains a major challenge. Classic methods use self-report to capture dietary intake and physical activity in healthy adult populations. However, these tools, such as questionnaires or food and activity records and recalls, have been shown to underestimate energy intake and expenditure as compared with direct measures like doubly labeled water. This paper summarizes recent technological advancements, such as remote sensing devices, digital photography, and multisensor devices, which …

Establishing Healthy Eating Patterns During Infancy And Childhood, Une Applied Nutrition Program

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This handout informs the audience about healthy defaults for the parents of children before and during the pre-school years. Healthy defaults are decisions about food choices selections that need the smallest effort or conscious thought and yield healthy behaviors. The rationale for establishing healthy eating during childhood will be discussed.

Eat Healthy, Lose Weight, Exercise, Change Your Lifestyle… And Have Fun While Doing It!, Yasmine Abuzeid

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This handout depicts four fun ways to help manage obesity, tips on eating healthy, losing weight, exercising and changing lifestyle. All information is based on evidence-based research on these topics.

Setting Your Health Up For Success- A Guide For The New Young Professional, Rebecca Iwata

All Student-Created Educational Resources

This handout contains helpful tips for young professionals that have recently graduated from college. It explains how to get started with meal planning, scheduling exercise into the week, and how stocking your fridge can help increase the likelihood of making healthy choices.

The Influence Of Tissue Plasminogen Activator I/D Polymorphism On The Tpa Response To Exercise, Adam M. Coughlin

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(3): 1136-1144, 2018. The purpose was to determine if the Alu-insertion (I)/deletion (D) polymorphism of the tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) gene influences the tPA response to maximal exercise. Fifty male subjects (age = 23.6 ± 4.7 yrs) completed a maximal treadmill exercise test. Blood samples were drawn before and immediately after exercise for determination of plasma tPA antigen and activity. Isolated DNA was amplified via polymerase chain reaction, electrophoresed, and visually amplified to determine tPA genotype. Subjects were classified as possessing the D allele (D) (n = 28) or being homozygous for the I allele …

Technology-Based Physical Activity Self-Monitoring Among College Students, Zack Papalia, Oliver Wilson, Melissa Bopp, Michele Duffey

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 11(7): 1096-1104, 2018. Understanding the relationship between college students’ physical activity (PA) self-monitoring and PA levels has the potential to inform initiatives to promote PA. This study’s purpose was to examine the prevalence of technology-based self-monitoring among college students the potential relationship between device usage, goal setting behaviors, PA enjoyment, and PA levels. An online survey assessed students' demographics, current PA level, technology-based PA self-monitoring, and psychosocial outcomes. Independent t-tests examined differences in PA level and psychosocial outcomes by device use. 55.5% of the final sample (N=1,154) reported technology-based self-monitoring. Mobile phone app-based PA tracking …