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Tuning Of A Pid Controller By Bacterial Foraging Algorithm For Position Control Of Dc Servo Motor, Manal Jasim Aug 2026

Tuning Of A Pid Controller By Bacterial Foraging Algorithm For Position Control Of Dc Servo Motor, Manal Jasim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Controlling the position of Direct Current servo motor is the first aim of this paper, by Bacterial Foraging Algorithm (BFA), the best Proportional – Integral - Derivative (PID) controller parameters were obtained through Mat-Lab application, including the simulation and modeling of Direct Current servo motor, BFA controller and conventional PID Controller as benchmark to the performance of BFA. Proportional – Integral - Derivative controller is a closed loop system, the error made by the Direct Current motor was corrected and determine the correct position to the desired point were controlled By integrating the Proportional – Integral - Derivative controller. Kp, …

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Investigation The Effect Of Nano–Particles And Recycling Mortar Additives On Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Concrete, Alaa Abdul-Hamead, Farhad Othman, Raeid Mohammed Aug 2026

Investigation The Effect Of Nano–Particles And Recycling Mortar Additives On Physical And Mechanical Properties Of Concrete, Alaa Abdul-Hamead, Farhad Othman, Raeid Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper a lower ratio of nano powder were used from (Al2O3 and ZrO2) (0.5, 1.5and 2. 5 wt %) from cement weight, the average particle size of nano-powder were (20nm). These powders were used in fabrication of Concrete with recycle fine aggregate was replaced Natural fine aggregate(sand) in order to be used in construction application and studies the effect on the concrete. Investigation were done on the concrete including dry density, water absorption%, porosity%, compression strength, and wear rate. The results shows that The nano-Al2O3, nano-ZrO2, and recycle aggregate were adding causes difference effect in the physical and …

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Study The Characteristics Thermal And Mechanical For Unsaturated Polyester Resin Forced By Asbestos Fiber, Zainab Mohsein Aug 2026

Study The Characteristics Thermal And Mechanical For Unsaturated Polyester Resin Forced By Asbestos Fiber, Zainab Mohsein

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work prepared and study a polymer composite, where use polyester resin with asbestos fiber ratio (5%, 10% and 15%). First study effect of changing reinforcement percentage by asbestos fiber on coefficient thermal conductivity (k) of polymer composite. Result show decrease in the coefficient thermal conductivity (k) of composite materials with increase of weight percentage of asbestos fiber. Second, study effect of it above reinforcement ratio on the some of mechanical properties (Impact, tensile, fracture and hardness) for polymer composite. The result indicate increase value of mechanical properties with increase weight percentage of asbestos fiber. The impact strength was …

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Effect Of Impact Hot- Dry Weather Conditions On The Properties Of High Performance Lightweight Concrete, Hisham Ahmed, Wasan Khalil, Nada Jumaa Aug 2026

Effect Of Impact Hot- Dry Weather Conditions On The Properties Of High Performance Lightweight Concrete, Hisham Ahmed, Wasan Khalil, Nada Jumaa

Engineering and Technology Journal

The aim of this investigation is to produce high performance lightweight aggregate concrete in actual hot- dry weather conditions, and then study the combined effect of hot-dry weather conditions on the fresh properties of high performance lightweight aggregate concrete such as workability, initial and final setting time, measuring concrete temperature, and hardened concrete properties (compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength, modulus of elasticity). The experimental program including the use of fixed mix proportions and was carried out in a typical Iraqi summer days (under actual conditions) of different times during the day, where the mean maximum temperature in …

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Experimental Investigation Of A New Modified Catalysts (Wo3/Si-Zr) And (Si-Zr) For The Process Of Aerosol Nanocatalysts By Fcc Of Residual Vacuum Distillation, Hashim Mahdi, Sregey Kudryavtsev Aug 2026

Experimental Investigation Of A New Modified Catalysts (Wo3/Si-Zr) And (Si-Zr) For The Process Of Aerosol Nanocatalysts By Fcc Of Residual Vacuum Distillation, Hashim Mahdi, Sregey Kudryavtsev

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work aims at comparing between the a new modified catalyst WO3/Si-Zr and catalyst Si-Zr to obtain gasoline and diesel fraction , The new theory of aerosol nanocatalysts technology was used in the cracking of gas oil by vacuum accompanied by the vibration of the layer of the catalyst system . The one of aim of the present work is to reduce the emissions of atmosphere polluting gases such as (H2S and CO) .It is observed that this process is achieved at lower temperature compared to that conducted by industrial cracking process at 250 Co , and lower amount of …

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Investigate Wedm Process Parameters On Wire Wear Ratio, Material Removal Rate And Surface Roughness Of Steel 1012 Aisi, Saad Shather, Mohammed Mohammed Aug 2026

Investigate Wedm Process Parameters On Wire Wear Ratio, Material Removal Rate And Surface Roughness Of Steel 1012 Aisi, Saad Shather, Mohammed Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work is focused on some affecting parameters in Wire electrical discharge machining process for AISI 1012 steel by using brass wire and zinc coated brass wire with 0.25mm diameter. Pulse on time, pulse off time, spark gap voltage and servo feed had been studied as input parameters while wire wear ratio, metal removal rate and surface roughness were the outputs. The experiments showed that increasing pulse on time would increase wire wear ratio, metal removal rate and surface roughness. While, increasing pulse off time, spark gap voltage and servo feed will cause a little increase in wire wear ratio, …

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Study The Effect Of Traditional Iraqi Stabilizers (Cement And Lime) On Some Properties Of Iraqi Clay Soils, Husam Baqir, Aqeel Al-Adili, Ali Shareef Aug 2026

Study The Effect Of Traditional Iraqi Stabilizers (Cement And Lime) On Some Properties Of Iraqi Clay Soils, Husam Baqir, Aqeel Al-Adili, Ali Shareef

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study provides practical results in the use of the composite from sulfate resistance Portland cement (PC) and Quicklime (LQ) to improve and stabilize of soils in Al - Zaafaraniya site in Baghdad governorate and the Garma Ali site in Al Basra governorate, Iraq. PC and LQ were added in percentages of 2,4,6,8 and 10% and 2 and 4%, by dry weight, respectively. Laboratory tests to determine Atterberg,s limits, standard proctor test, USC test and UUU test (unconsolidation, undrained and unsaturated) were conducted. The results achieved a significant improvement in workability, unconfined compressive strength and shear strength. The results of …

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Using Rsm Technique For Modeling And Optimization The Influence Of Cutting Parameters On Tool Wear And Cutting Forces In Turning Operation, Shaker Hassan, Samir Amin, Asaad Dabish Aug 2026

Using Rsm Technique For Modeling And Optimization The Influence Of Cutting Parameters On Tool Wear And Cutting Forces In Turning Operation, Shaker Hassan, Samir Amin, Asaad Dabish

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study is an attempt to investigate the effect of cutting parameters on the cutting force and tool wear during turning of AISI 304 steel using tungsten carbide tool (WC). The first aim of present work was to employ the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) technique to obtain the influence of input machining parameters, such as cutting feed, cutting speed and cutting depth on the cutting force and wear of tool. Experiments were carried out in a 20 runs experimental matrix by a CNC machine according to the design matrices established by Design of Experiment (DOE) software 'version 8' with RSM …

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Influence Of Spirals On The Behavior Of Short Rc Columns Strengthened By External Cfrp, Kaiss Sarsam, Raid Khalel, Mohammed Hadi Aug 2026

Influence Of Spirals On The Behavior Of Short Rc Columns Strengthened By External Cfrp, Kaiss Sarsam, Raid Khalel, Mohammed Hadi

Engineering and Technology Journal

An experimental study was carried out to investigate the behavior of normal strength reinforced concrete (RC) circular short columns strengthened by carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets. Three series comprising total of (15) specimens were loaded to failure under axial concentric compression load. Strengthening was varied by changing CFRP strips number, spacing and wrapping methods. The finding of this research can be summarized as follows; for the columns without CFRP, the influence of the spiral pitch was significant: compared with 100 mm spiral pitch, dropping the spacing to 65 mm and 30 mm increased the load carrying capacity by 25% …

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Corrosion Inhibition Of Mild Steel In Hydrochloric Acid Solution By An Isatin-Aniline Compound, Khalida Al-Azawi Aug 2026

Corrosion Inhibition Of Mild Steel In Hydrochloric Acid Solution By An Isatin-Aniline Compound, Khalida Al-Azawi

Engineering and Technology Journal

Recently the researchers go to the eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors.In the present investigation, isatin which found in many plants, Isatis tinctoria,Calanthe discolor and Couroupita guianensis has been used as corrosioninhibitor. An isatin-aniline compound, namely ethyl 4-amino-N-(3-isatinyl)benzoate (AIB), was successfully synthesized in high yield and its inhibitionimpact on corrosion of MS (mild steel) in hydrochloric acid as corrosivesolution was examined via weight loss and Scanning electron microscopetechniques. The results acquired appeared that AIB has employ perfect as acorrosion inhibitor at low concentrations towards mild steel in HCl bath. Theimpact of temperature on the corrosion behavior of MS in corrosive bath withpresence of …

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Sensor Network Based Animals Feeding And Milk Production Management System, Zena Faris, Muayad Croock Aug 2026

Sensor Network Based Animals Feeding And Milk Production Management System, Zena Faris, Muayad Croock

Engineering and Technology Journal

In general, the animals’ feeding requires a lot of time and efforts spent by the cattlemen. Part of the feeding amount is consumed by the animal to save its life and the other part is considered for instrumental milk production. The type of food in addition to the number of feeding frequents are important factors in changing the amount of produced milk as well as the weight of an animal. In this paper, we propose a control system that manage the forage process and the amount of produced milk by determining the quantity and number of feeding animals using sensor …

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Entropy Generation Minimization Theoretical Analysis For External Flow Around Horizontal Cylinder At Low Reynold Number, Louay Mahdi Aug 2026

Entropy Generation Minimization Theoretical Analysis For External Flow Around Horizontal Cylinder At Low Reynold Number, Louay Mahdi

Engineering and Technology Journal

The minimization of entropy generation is a helpful method to design optimum thermal system, and find an expression for entropy generation at several ranges of Reynolds number for heat transfer and friction flow irreversibility is a good way to achieve this goal. This study deal with several ranges of Reynolds number that cover 0.1< Re< 40000 divided into four groups. A relation between optimum Reynolds number, entropy generation number, irreversibility distribution ratio, and Began number was obtained. In addition, a relation between the optimum Reynolds number and the duty parameter was obtained for all Reynolds number ranges.

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New Strategies For Associative Memories, Azad Kareem, Saja Talib Aug 2026

New Strategies For Associative Memories, Azad Kareem, Saja Talib

Engineering and Technology Journal

Associative memory is a neural network used to save collection of input and output data at its layers. Each output data is produced coincide with a given input. It can be useful as an artificial memory in many applications like (military, medical, data security systems, error detection and correction systems …etc.). There are two matters which limit the uses of associative memory; the limited storage capacity, and the error occurred in the reading of output data. A modified strategy is suggested to overcome these limitations by introducing a new algorithm to the design of the associative memory. This method provides …

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Stress Intensity Factor In Hollow Square Sections Using Extended Finite Element Method, Qusai Abdulwaha Aug 2026

Stress Intensity Factor In Hollow Square Sections Using Extended Finite Element Method, Qusai Abdulwaha

Engineering and Technology Journal

Hollow sections are extensively used in structural applications due to its good mechanical properties relative to weight. The presence of cracks in structural member may lead to catastrophic failure under different loading conditions. The presence of central crack in one side under tensile load is studied for different crack sizes (a/w) ranging from 0.1 to 0.8. The section is then investigated under bending moment for same crack size and geometry. The values of stress intensity factor (KI) were evaluated using Extended Finite Element Method (XFEM) and found very close between tensile and bending for same crack sizes but there was …

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Experimental Study For The Effects Of Crystalline Agents On Properties Of Glass-Ceramic Coating, Ibtihal Mhmood, Ahmed Zainulabdeen, Jabbar Mohmmed Aug 2026

Experimental Study For The Effects Of Crystalline Agents On Properties Of Glass-Ceramic Coating, Ibtihal Mhmood, Ahmed Zainulabdeen, Jabbar Mohmmed

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this work, four series of glass-ceramic coatings were developed and applied by using the dipping technique to cast iron sheets. The influence of different types of crystallization agents (Li2O, TiO2, ZrSiO4, and CaO.Al2O3.2SiO2) was investigated in relation to the mechanical features of the coatings. The resultant coating is characterized using X-ray diffraction analysis. The properties of micro-hardness and adhesion strength are evaluated using suitable standard tests. The X-ray analysis of resultant coatings showed the existence of some of crystalline phases formed depending on the type of the crystallization agent. The results also indicated that the coating properties were strongly …

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Frequency Reconfigurable Monopole Antenna Using Switchable Slotted Triangular Radiators, Fayyadh Ahmed, Bayez Al-Sulaifanie Aug 2026

Frequency Reconfigurable Monopole Antenna Using Switchable Slotted Triangular Radiators, Fayyadh Ahmed, Bayez Al-Sulaifanie

Engineering and Technology Journal

A new configuration of multi-state switchable wideband /multi-narrowband is demonstrated. The proposed antenna is based on a printed rectangular monopole antenna (PRMA) that covers wideband 3.3 GHz WiMAX frequency range. To generate a multi-state switchable antenna, center part of PRMA has been removed without distorting the PRMA behavior. Three PIN diode switches are used to control different operating modes. Eight-operating modes, 2n modes (n is number of switches) are achieved by setting the switches ON or OFF. Initial results were obtained by using short and open circuits instead of implanting PIN diode. The merit of the antenna design is that …

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Design And Analysis Of American Sign Language Classifier Based On N-Tuple Technique, Mahmuod Al-Muifraje, Thamir Saeed, Mosab Hassan Aug 2026

Design And Analysis Of American Sign Language Classifier Based On N-Tuple Technique, Mahmuod Al-Muifraje, Thamir Saeed, Mosab Hassan

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work consists of three stages: the first stage is the collection of data (images) for 26 letters alphabet, which is 1040 images, 40 for each class (letter). The second stage is the Preprocessing (segmentation, filtering, crop, convert to a binary image and feature extraction) and the last stage is the classy one. Two filters have been used median and wiener2 to treatment two types of noise; the salt and pepper and Gaussian noise respectively. The classification has been satisfied by using an n-tuple classifier algorithm is 93.8462%, while it is 93.2692% with salt and pepper noise. In this context, …

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Experimental Behavior Of Hybrid Steel And Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete Deep Beam Containing Openings, Nabeel Al-Bayati, Noor Hadi Aug 2026

Experimental Behavior Of Hybrid Steel And Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete Deep Beam Containing Openings, Nabeel Al-Bayati, Noor Hadi

Engineering and Technology Journal

Twelve simple span reinforced concrete deep beams were tested under symmetrically two points top load to examine the effect of steel fiber and polypropylene fiber and influence of the transverse circular openings on their behavior. The variables investigated involve beams with and without openings, the volume fraction of fibers, shear span to effective ratio a/d, and inclined reinforcement around the openings. All the beams had the same overall dimensions, flexural reinforcement and opening size. Many mixes have been used by combination between steel fibers and polypropylene fibers with different percentages of (1%SF-0%PPF), (0.75%SF-0.25%PPF), (0.5%SF-0.5%PPF), (0.25%SF-0.75%PPF), (0%SF-1%PPF) in addition to mix …

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Experimental Behavior Of Self Compacting Concrete Corbels Strengthened With External Cfrp, Sarmad Abdulqader, Basil Al-Shathr, Ali Hasan Aug 2026

Experimental Behavior Of Self Compacting Concrete Corbels Strengthened With External Cfrp, Sarmad Abdulqader, Basil Al-Shathr, Ali Hasan

Engineering and Technology Journal

This research aims to study the influence of using Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) strips as an external strengthened and repairing material on the behavior of self-compacting concrete (SCC) Corbels. The experimental work involved testing twenty self-compacting concrete corbels specimens. The experimental work is divided into two parts; the first part consists of three groups to investigate the most effective direction, position, bonding type and amount of CFRP strips on the behavior of corbels and utilized it in practice, also to strengthen new variables that are investigated in the second part. Two groups in part one are strengthened with different …

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Shear Strength Of Concrete Deep Beam Subjected To Uniformly Distributed Load, Eyal Sayhood, Ali Resheq, Ayad Habeeb Aug 2026

Shear Strength Of Concrete Deep Beam Subjected To Uniformly Distributed Load, Eyal Sayhood, Ali Resheq, Ayad Habeeb

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, result of tests on 20 simply supported concrete deep beams are presented. All tested beams have dimensions of (150 x 400 x 1100) mm and tested under (1, 2, 4 and 8) point loads. The considered parameters are shear span to effective depth ratio (a/d), concrete compressive strength (fʹc) and longitudinal reinforcement ratio (ρw).The influence of these parameters on cracking and ultimate load, load versus deflection response and concrete strain are investigated.The results showed that the decrease in the (a/d) ratio from 1.373 to 0.412 leads to a decrease in cracking and ultimate shear strengths by average …

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Robust Visual Lips Feature Extraction Method For Improved Visual Speech Recognition System, Mahmuod Mahmmed, Thamir Saeed, Wissam Ali Aug 2026

Robust Visual Lips Feature Extraction Method For Improved Visual Speech Recognition System, Mahmuod Mahmmed, Thamir Saeed, Wissam Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

Recently, automatic lips reading ALR acquired a significant interest among many researchers due to its adoption in many applications. One such application is in speech recognition system in noisy environment, where visual cue that contain some integral information added to the audio signal, as well as the way that person merges audio-visual stimulus to identify utterance. The unsolved part of this problem is the utterance classification using only the visual cues without the availability of acoustic signal of the talker's speech. By taking into considerations a set of frames from recorded video for a person uttering a word; a robust …

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Relationships Between Actual Compressive Strength, Modulus Of Elasticity And Non-Destructive Tests Of High Strength Concrete, Jasim Abd Aug 2026

Relationships Between Actual Compressive Strength, Modulus Of Elasticity And Non-Destructive Tests Of High Strength Concrete, Jasim Abd

Engineering and Technology Journal

The present research investigate with Nondestructive testing (NDT) of high strength concrete (HSC). An experiential work was carried out including both destructive and nondestructive test methods utilized to various concrete mixes with compressive strength ranged from 44 to 84.4MPa.Correlation curves were derived as pulse velocity and modulus of elasticity vs. compressive strength for high strength concrete. Two empirical relations were proposed for foretelling the modulus of elasticity Ec = 0.4141f`c + 8.6077, and compressive strengths fcu = 320.85ln (V) – 467.73 with a good coefficient of determination R2 for these equations 0.94and 0.90 respectively. Obtained from cubic and cylinders using …

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Workability Of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete, Tareq Al-Attar, Samer Daoud, Anmar Dhaher Aug 2026

Workability Of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete, Tareq Al-Attar, Samer Daoud, Anmar Dhaher

Engineering and Technology Journal

The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of adding different types of fibers on the fresh properties of the self-compacting concrete, SCC. The used types of fibers were steel (with volume ratios of 0.75, 1.0 and 1.25 %) and polypropylene fibers (0.10 and 0.15 %) and a hybrid system of these fibers (0.65 % steel and 0.10 % polypropylene). The conducted tests in the fresh state were slump flow, T500, V-funnel and L-box. It was noticed that increasing the volume fraction of fibers would lead to decrease in the workability of SCC. According to EFNARC requirements for …

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Optimization Of Economic And Environmental Perspectives For Sustainable Product Design And Manufacturing, Luma Al-Kindi, Hala Al_Zuheri Aug 2026

Optimization Of Economic And Environmental Perspectives For Sustainable Product Design And Manufacturing, Luma Al-Kindi, Hala Al_Zuheri

Engineering and Technology Journal

Growing environmental concerns, coupled with public pressure and stricter regulations, are fundamentally impacting the way companies design and launch new products across markets. Companies are recognizing that implementing design and manufacturing for the environment in their product development process, provides opportunities for both improving the environmental aspects of a product and for enhancing the product competitiveness. Therefore, considering concurrently economic and environmental perspectives for decision-making during early stages of design and manufacturing are considered crucial to the product design process. In this paper, taking into account these perspectives, a framework in design and manufacturing of a new product is presented, …

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Design A Gray Water Treatment System For A Virtual Building Working By Solar Energy, Kheria Essa, Hashim Mahdi, Mohammed Mohammed Aug 2026

Design A Gray Water Treatment System For A Virtual Building Working By Solar Energy, Kheria Essa, Hashim Mahdi, Mohammed Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

This work has showed that gray water can be used in irrigation with great success. It includes the explanation of how water recycling will save water for irrigation and agriculture use, reduce the costs of constructing purification plants, and add natural filters to the environment. It also aspires to invite companies to reduce the proportion of phosphate and other harmful substances in the composition of soap. In addition, it is possible to reduce the amount of suspended solids in a gray water by installing filters on the washing machines themselves, so that the volume of problems in the plankton is …

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Preparation, Characterization And Utilization Of Polyacrylamid-Kaolin Composite In The Removal Of Nickel Ions From Water, Mahmood Barbooti, Raghad Hilal, Balkees Al-Dabbagh Aug 2026

Preparation, Characterization And Utilization Of Polyacrylamid-Kaolin Composite In The Removal Of Nickel Ions From Water, Mahmood Barbooti, Raghad Hilal, Balkees Al-Dabbagh

Engineering and Technology Journal

A composite material of polymeric matrix Polyacrylamid (PAM) that is reinforced by a certified clay mineral of the Iraqi kaolinite at several weight ratios (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%) was prepared by mixing the polymer water solution with the clay followed by hand molding method. Some of the mechanical properties of the prepared composite such as tensile strength, impact and hardness Shore A were studied to improve the mechanical capability to be as a sorbent for the removal of heavy metals from water.The results showed an improvement in the mechanical properties as the kaolin content was increased. The powdered …

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Analytical Characterization And Antimicrobial Activity Of Bismuth Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Laser Ablation Technique, Abdul Hadi Judran Aug 2026

Analytical Characterization And Antimicrobial Activity Of Bismuth Nanoparticles Synthesized Using Laser Ablation Technique, Abdul Hadi Judran

Engineering and Technology Journal

Bismuth nanoparticles were synthesized using laser ablation technique by focusing solid bismuth target in distilled deionized water by 1064 nm and 532 nm laser radiations generated by Q-switched pulsed Nd:YAG laser, respectively. Synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using UV–Vis spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). The XRD pattern of the synthesized sample was indexed as. UV–Vis spectrophotometer indicated that the peak of absorption spectra of bismuth nanoparticles located in UV-region (230 nm) and increased towards IR region with increase laser energy and laser wavelength. SEM and TEM exhibited spherical shape …

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Seasonal Variation Of Residual Aluminum Concentration In Drinking Water, Layla Alwan, Ayat Mahdi Aug 2026

Seasonal Variation Of Residual Aluminum Concentration In Drinking Water, Layla Alwan, Ayat Mahdi

Engineering and Technology Journal

Data for aluminum concentration in Baghdad raw and drinking water have been taken from Baghdad Mayoralty for the period of the year (2005-2006) and for six water treatment plants (Al-Karkh, East Tigris, Al-Wathba, Al-Karama, Al-Qadisia and Al-Dora). The available data were analyzed by using statistical programs like (spss, statistica, grapher and excel) .Relation with water quality parameters was obtained like relation with pH and temperature. From the study the pH value was found to be ranged between (7.45-7.85) in supplied water for minimum aluminum residual. From the contour plot results show that an equation has been concluded which connect concentration …

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Ecological Risk Assessment Of Chromium Pollution In The Soil Of Industrial Area Within Baghdad City, Rawnaq Mahdi, Athmar Al-Mashhady Aug 2026

Ecological Risk Assessment Of Chromium Pollution In The Soil Of Industrial Area Within Baghdad City, Rawnaq Mahdi, Athmar Al-Mashhady

Engineering and Technology Journal

Thirty-five soil samples were collected from the Tanning Factory Industrial District within Baghdad city to investigate the soil pollution occur through four directions of the tanning plant. The soil samples exhibited high concentrations of Cr than the reported values of worldwide mean of unpolluted soils. The geoaccumulation index showed that the soil samples were moderately polluted by Cr at the north of the factory while the soil sample showed extremely polluted at the south and east of the factory. Moreover, the soil samples collected from west of the factory were strongly polluted. The result of the calculated enrichment factor (64.52-1075.22) …

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Ultrasonic Technique In Treating Wastewater By Electrocoagulation, Najem Al-Rubaiey, Mohammed Al-Barazanjy Aug 2026

Ultrasonic Technique In Treating Wastewater By Electrocoagulation, Najem Al-Rubaiey, Mohammed Al-Barazanjy

Engineering and Technology Journal

Electrocoagulation Treatment can be considered as a favorable tool for the removal of many pollutants of various forms of wastewater. These pollutants may include the removal of colloidal, the breaking-up of emulsions and heavy metals. This process consists of the disintegration of the anodes (usually iron or aluminum), exciting the creation of coagulant mixtures in wastewater. That will aid to coagulate contaminants and generate bubbles in favor of mixing and elimination of solids suspension by flotation. Recently, the arrangement of using this technique with other treatment tools has turned out to be an interesting subject leading to an improvement in …

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