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Articles 31 - 60 of 2079

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Prediction The Influence Of Machining Parameters For Cnc Turning Of Aluminum Alloy Using Rsm And Ann, Hind Abdulridha, Aseel Helael, Ahmed Al-Duroobi Aug 2026

Prediction The Influence Of Machining Parameters For Cnc Turning Of Aluminum Alloy Using Rsm And Ann, Hind Abdulridha, Aseel Helael, Ahmed Al-Duroobi

Engineering and Technology Journal

The main objective of this paper is to develop a prediction model using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for the turning process of Aluminum alloy 6061 round rod. The turning experiments carried out based on the Central Composite Design (CCD) of Response Surface Methodology. The influence of three independent variables such as Cutting speed (150, 175 and 200 mm/ min), depth of cut (0.5, 1 and 1.5 mm) and feed rate (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 mm/rev) on the Surface Roughness (Ra) were analyzed through analysis of variance (ANOVA). The response graphs from the Analysis of Variance …

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Effect Of Wire Diameter, Feeding Rate, Pulse (On/Off) Time On Surface Roughness And Metal Removal Rate For Cr-Mo Steel (Scm425h) During Wire Electrical Discharge Machine (Wedm) Cutting Operation, Saad Shather, Sami Hammood, Noor Al-Huda Hussain, Noor Hasson Hasson Aug 2026

Effect Of Wire Diameter, Feeding Rate, Pulse (On/Off) Time On Surface Roughness And Metal Removal Rate For Cr-Mo Steel (Scm425h) During Wire Electrical Discharge Machine (Wedm) Cutting Operation, Saad Shather, Sami Hammood, Noor Al-Huda Hussain, Noor Hasson Hasson

Engineering and Technology Journal

Increase the demand to produce complex shapes with high quality and dimensional accuracy such as production aerospace, cars, die sinking has been leading to increase the demand to use the non- traditional cutting operations such as wire electro-discharge machine (WEDM) rather than using the traditional operations. An idea to understand the effect of wire diameter, wire feed, pulsing (on/off) time on surface roughness, and metal removal rate of Cr-Mo steel during wire electrical discharge machining was investigated. Two Steel alloy samples with dimensions of (60 x50 x 20)mm were cut into four rectangular spaces with (5x10x20)mm at one side of …

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Correlation Of Soil Liquefaction Potential Index And Geotechnical Properties For Baghdad City, Iraq, Hussein Karim, Zena Samueel, Dalia Abdul Hussein Aug 2026

Correlation Of Soil Liquefaction Potential Index And Geotechnical Properties For Baghdad City, Iraq, Hussein Karim, Zena Samueel, Dalia Abdul Hussein

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper comprises the study and analysis of Baghdad soil for eight geotechnical properties, which extract from field experiments of 630 boreholes with depth taken to 30m and representing 200 sites. Soil investigation reports are composed from altered laboratory tests. The soil layers. Divided into each 2m, which means 15 studied’ layers and soil properties values were embraced and submitted. in tables and charts which have been analysis-using excel2013 and check the charts using curve expert program to get the relationships between the properties values and the factor of safety against liquefaction. The correlations between liquefaction potential represented by the …

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Arabic Speaker Identification System Using Multi Features, Rawia Mohammed, Nidaa Hassan, Akbas Ali Aug 2026

Arabic Speaker Identification System Using Multi Features, Rawia Mohammed, Nidaa Hassan, Akbas Ali

Engineering and Technology Journal

The performance regarding the Speaker Identification Systems (SIS) has enhanced because of the current developments in speech processing methods, however, an improvement is still required with regard to text-independent speaker identification in the Arabic language. In spite of tremendous progress in applied technology for SIS, it is limited to English and some other languages. This paper aims to design an efficient SIS (text-independent) for the Arabic language. The proposed system uses speech signal features for speaker identification purposes, and it includes two phases: The first phase is training, in this phase a corpus of reference database is built which will …

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Performance Improvement Of A Conventional Hydraulic Elevator By Using Electro-Hydraulic Servo Mechanism, Jamal Mohammed, Walaa Hashim, Bahaa Beram Aug 2026

Performance Improvement Of A Conventional Hydraulic Elevator By Using Electro-Hydraulic Servo Mechanism, Jamal Mohammed, Walaa Hashim, Bahaa Beram

Engineering and Technology Journal

An electro-hydraulic elevator is a new type of enhanced elevators that are used in low-rise buildings that do not exceed more than three floors. In this paper, an electro-hydraulic servo system for controlling the speed of a hydraulic elevator prototype by using a proportional valve and PID controller was investigated theoretically and experimentally. A three floors elevator prototype model with 76cm height was built including hydraulics components and electrical components. The elevator system is fully automated using the Arduino UNO board based Data Acquisition (DAQ) system. LabVIEW software is used to control the hydraulic elevator system through L298 DC drive …

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Utilization Of Mineral Sequestration For Co2 Capturing In Car Parks And Tunnels, Aymen Alsaad, Tareq Al-Attar, Basil Al-Shathr Aug 2026

Utilization Of Mineral Sequestration For Co2 Capturing In Car Parks And Tunnels, Aymen Alsaad, Tareq Al-Attar, Basil Al-Shathr

Engineering and Technology Journal

Decreasing the emissions of CO2 that come from vehicle exhaust, especially in car parking and tunnels, is so vital. CO2 emissions cause corrosion to a reinforcement of concrete. Thus, there is a need to provide a layer that protects the reinforcement from the reach of this harmful gas. This work goals to investigate the efficiency of using board units from Pozzolime concrete and pervious concrete to sequestrate CO2 from the environment and then to convert it into calcium carbonate inside the concrete. The units have dimensions of (200×400×40±5). All specimens were cured in a water tank after about 48 hours …

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Analysis And Comparison Of Dc-Dc Boost Converter And Interleaved Dc-Dc Boost Converter, Karrar Faraj, Jasim Hussain Aug 2026

Analysis And Comparison Of Dc-Dc Boost Converter And Interleaved Dc-Dc Boost Converter, Karrar Faraj, Jasim Hussain

Engineering and Technology Journal

The step-up converters are widespread use in many applications, including powered vehicles, photovoltaic systems, continuous power supplies, and fuel cell systems. The reliability, quality, maintainability, and reduction in size are the important requirements in the energy conversion process. Interleaving method is one of advisable solution for heavy-performance applications, its harmonious in circuit design by paralleling two or more identical converters. This paper investigates the comparison performance of a two-phase interleaved boost converter with the traditional boost converter. The investigation of validation performance was introduced through steady-state analysis and operation. The operation modes and mathematical analysis are presented. The interleaved boost …

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Improve The Surface Characteristics Of The Electric Discharge Machining Employing A Method Burnishing Process, Shukry Aghdeab, Ahmed Abdulameer, Ahmed Abdulwahhab, Majid Ismiel Ismiel Aug 2026

Improve The Surface Characteristics Of The Electric Discharge Machining Employing A Method Burnishing Process, Shukry Aghdeab, Ahmed Abdulameer, Ahmed Abdulwahhab, Majid Ismiel Ismiel

Engineering and Technology Journal

Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) applies the concept of material eradication by utilizing electric spark erosion. The target of this exploration concentrates to examine the ideal procedure parameters of EDM on Aluminum 6061-T6as a workpiece with copper as a tool electrode. The effect of various process operators 'on machining rendering was examined. Internal factors with current (10, 20, 30) Ampere, pulse on time (50, 100, 150) μs was used after which takes pulse off time (25, 50, 75) μs. All parameters applied for empirical acts with influence on Ra (surface roughness ). The result showed that MRR" Material Removal Rate” is …

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Comparative Study Of Perturb & Observe, Modified Perturb & Observe And Modified Incremental Conductance Mppt Techniques For Pv Systems, Mohanad Mahmood, Inaam Ali, Oday Ahmed Aug 2026

Comparative Study Of Perturb & Observe, Modified Perturb & Observe And Modified Incremental Conductance Mppt Techniques For Pv Systems, Mohanad Mahmood, Inaam Ali, Oday Ahmed

Engineering and Technology Journal

This paper presents a modified maximum power point tracking algorithm (Modified MPPT) for PV systems based on incremental conductance (IC) algorithm. This method verified with the dynamic irradiance and sudden change of irradiance, the comparisons with conventional methods, for example, the perturbation and observation (P&O) and Modified perturbation and observation (Modified P&O) were performed. A photovoltaic (PV) panel was simulated and tested using MATLAB/Simulink based on PV panel at Power Electronics Laboratory. The results show that this method capable to find the maximum power point (MPP) under dynamic behavior faster than ( P&O) and Modified P&O). Reduced oscillation of MPP …

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Considerations On Spark- Gap Channel Radius And Electrical Conductivity, Bassam Habib Aug 2026

Considerations On Spark- Gap Channel Radius And Electrical Conductivity, Bassam Habib

Engineering and Technology Journal

A simple phenomenological model is established to determine the temporal evolution of spark gap channel radius and electrical conductivity during the resistive phase period. The present determination is based on the Braginskii’s equation for the channel radius which includes the electrical conductivity of the discharge channel as a constant quantity. In the present model, however, the electrical conductivity is regarded as a time varyingquantity. Basing on this, a mathematical formulation for the channel radius as a function of time was derived, and this has made possible the derivation of an explicit expression for the conductivity as a function of time …

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A Study Of Some Mechanical And Physical Properties For Palm Fiber/Polyester Composite, Samah Hussein Aug 2026

A Study Of Some Mechanical And Physical Properties For Palm Fiber/Polyester Composite, Samah Hussein

Engineering and Technology Journal

This research has been done by reinforcing the matrix (unsaturated polyester) resin with natural material (date palm fiber (DPF)). The fibers were exposure to alkali treatment before reinforcement. The samples have been prepared by using hand lay-up technique with fiber volume fraction of (10%, 20% and 30%). After preparation of the mechanical and physical properties have been studied such as, compression, flexural, impact strength, thermal conductivity, Dielectric constant and dielectric strength. The polyester composite reinforced with date palm fiber at volume fraction (10% and 20%) has good mechanical properties rather than pure unsaturated polyester material, while the composite reinforced with …

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Ethanol Gas Sensor Fabrication Based On Zno Flower Like Nanorods, Abdulqader Faisal, Mofeed Jaleel, Fahad Kamal Aug 2026

Ethanol Gas Sensor Fabrication Based On Zno Flower Like Nanorods, Abdulqader Faisal, Mofeed Jaleel, Fahad Kamal

Engineering and Technology Journal

Zinc oxide flower-like nanorods (ZnO NRs) was successfully synthesized via the hydrothermal method. The growth process was conducted with seed layer concentrations of 20mM. The as-synthesized nanostructures were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectrophotometer. The analysis results revealed a pure Wurtzite ZnO hexagonal nanostructures with preferred orientation (002) along the c-direction. The calculated band gap of average crystallite size is 3.2eV and 25 nm respectively. New designed, constructed and successfully calibrated for ethanol gas sensing was found. The ethanol gas sensor was fabricated at room temperature based on the …

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Discontinuous Control And Stability Analysis Of Step-Down Dc-Dc Voltage Converters, Bashar Midhat Aug 2026

Discontinuous Control And Stability Analysis Of Step-Down Dc-Dc Voltage Converters, Bashar Midhat

Engineering and Technology Journal

Step down DC-DC converters are power electronic circuits, which mainly used to convert voltage from a level to a lower level. In this paper, a discontinuous controller is proposed as a control method in order to control Step-Down DC-DC converters. A Lyapunov stability criterion is used to mathematically prove the ability of the proposed controller to give the desired voltage. Simulationsl1 are performedl1 in MATLABl1 software. The simulationl1 resultsl1 are presentedl1 for changesl1 in referencel1 voltagel1 and inputl1 voltagel1 as well as stepl1 loadl1 variations. The resultsl1 showl1 the goodl1 performancel1 of the proposedl1 discontinuousl1 controller.

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Analysis Of Thermal And Insulation Performance Of Double Glazed Window Doped With Paraffin Wax, Jalal Jalil, Salih Salih Aug 2026

Analysis Of Thermal And Insulation Performance Of Double Glazed Window Doped With Paraffin Wax, Jalal Jalil, Salih Salih

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, a numerical investigation has been performed to study the effect of varying the thermal properties of the paraffin wax on the performance of a double glazed window doped with it during the summer climate of Baghdad (33.3 °N, 44.4 °E). Using FORTRAN (f 90) constructed computer program, finite difference combined with the enthalpy method was utilized to deal with the conduction with phase change problems within the wax. Results obtained show that increasing the density, latent heat, and thickness of the paraffin wax PCM) would increase the temperature-time lag and reduce the temperature decrement factor of the …

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Design And Implementation Of A Fuzzy Logic Controller For Inverted Pendulum System Based On Evolutionary Optimization Algorithms, Ahmed Ghaliba, Ahmed Oglah Aug 2026

Design And Implementation Of A Fuzzy Logic Controller For Inverted Pendulum System Based On Evolutionary Optimization Algorithms, Ahmed Ghaliba, Ahmed Oglah

Engineering and Technology Journal

The inverted pendulum is a standard classical problem in the branch ofcontrol and systems. If a cart is bushed by force then its position and angleof the pendulum will be changed. Several controllers may employed,keeping the pendulum arm upright by controlling at the cart location. Inthis search paper, the fuzzy-like PID (FPID) controller has been used tocontrol the inverted pendulum, and the parameters of the controller aretuned with several evolutionary optimization algorithms like a geneticalgorithm (GA), ant colony optimization (ACO), and social spideroptimization (SSO.) The result of tuned FPID with evolutionaryoptimization is compared with conventional PID, and it shows that …

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Air Temperature Modelling Depended On Remote Sensing Techniques, Zainab Mohammed, Riyad Al-Anbari, Oday Jasim Aug 2026

Air Temperature Modelling Depended On Remote Sensing Techniques, Zainab Mohammed, Riyad Al-Anbari, Oday Jasim

Engineering and Technology Journal

Air temperature (T air) near the land surface is a fundamental descriptor of physical environmental conditions and one of the most widely used climatic variables in global change studies. In this study, the researcher trying to suggest a model for estimating air temperature in summer season for any region through integrating of Iraqi Agrometeorological networkdaily (T air) with the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) land surface temperature (LST), Duration Day Length (DDL) and Digital Elevation Model (DEM). In this model, using satellite images for the study area and data of air temperature for four weather stations located in Babylon governorate …

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Effect Of Laser Shock Peening On Fatigue Stress Concentration Of Polyester Reinforced By Al-Micro Powder Composites, Ahmed N. Al- Khazraji, Ammar A. Mutasher Aug 2026

Effect Of Laser Shock Peening On Fatigue Stress Concentration Of Polyester Reinforced By Al-Micro Powder Composites, Ahmed N. Al- Khazraji, Ammar A. Mutasher

Engineering and Technology Journal

Laser shock peening is a widely common process for materials treatment and typically used for fatigue strength enhancement especially for metals. In this paper, its effect on polymeric composite materials studied experimentally. Unsaturated polyester was used as a matrix in order to composites preparation and Aluminum powder as fillers. A Hand lay-up technique has been used for composites making. Composites with three volume fractions of Aluminum powder were prepared (2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%). Fatigue specimens as a standard and with (1mm) semi-circular notch are prepared for testing. The fatigue test was performed at room temperature and stress ratio (R=-1). Laser …

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Investigation Of The Effect Of Nano Powder Mixed Dielectric On Edm Process, Rasha R. Elias Aug 2026

Investigation Of The Effect Of Nano Powder Mixed Dielectric On Edm Process, Rasha R. Elias

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this paper, Artificial Neural Network was adopted to predict the effect of current, the concentration of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) and graphite Nanopowders in dielectric fluid for the machining of Carbon steel 304 using Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM). The process variables were utilized to find their effect on Material Removal Rate (MRR), Surface Roughness (SR), and Tool Wear Rate (TWR). It was revealed from the experimental work that the addition of aluminum oxide and graphite Nanopowders into dielectric fluid maximizing MRR, minimized the SR and TWR at various variables. Minitab software was used in the design of experiments. Analysis of …

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Improved Wear Rate Resistance, Compression Strength And Hardness Of Polymethylmethacrylate Resin With Orange Peel Powder For Artificial Denture Base, Reem A. Mohammed Aug 2026

Improved Wear Rate Resistance, Compression Strength And Hardness Of Polymethylmethacrylate Resin With Orange Peel Powder For Artificial Denture Base, Reem A. Mohammed

Engineering and Technology Journal

The material utilized for manufacturing artificial dentures should have high-grade mechanical properties in order to resist heavy forces inside the mouth. This study includes investigation of some of the mechanical properties (wear rate resistance, compression strength, and hardness) of the specimens prepared by (hand lay-up) method. The wear behavior experiments were performed on (a pin-on-disk tester) under various factors 5%, 8%, 11%, 14%, 17% weight fraction of orange peel, (10, 15, 20 N) load applied and (5, 10, 15 minutes) sliding time, and analysis these experimentally by using the Taguchi’s experimental design (L9) (MINITAB 16). Tests explicated that the specimens …

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A Modification On Key Stream Generator For Rc4 Algorithm, Suhad Kareem, Abdul Monem Rahma Aug 2026

A Modification On Key Stream Generator For Rc4 Algorithm, Suhad Kareem, Abdul Monem Rahma

Engineering and Technology Journal

Rivest Cipher 4 (RC4) is one of most common stream cipher, but it experience many problem, such as, there is little combination between the plaintext and cipher-text. For this reason RC4 Cipher is vulnerable to a number of attacks. Thereupon, this paper proposes a new modification of the RC4 to strong it. This achieved by modifying key-stream generator based on linear equation with four state tables for generating random numbers. Key control is used for selecting one state table to apply # operation, then performing forward and backward effects to generate the key-stream that used in encryption and decryption. Being …

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Detection Of Biomedical Images By Using Bio-Inspired Artificial Intelligent, Hanan A. R. Akkar, Sameem A. Salman Aug 2026

Detection Of Biomedical Images By Using Bio-Inspired Artificial Intelligent, Hanan A. R. Akkar, Sameem A. Salman

Engineering and Technology Journal

Computer vision and image processing are extremely necessary for medical pictures analysis. During this paper, a method of Bio-inspired Artificial Intelligent (AI) optimization supported by an artificial neural network (ANN) has been widely used to detect pictures of skin carcinoma. A Moth Flame Optimization (MFO) is utilized to educate the artificial neural network (ANN). A different feature is an extract to train the classifier. The comparison has been formed with the projected sample and two Artificial Intelligent optimizations, primarily based on classifier especially with, ANN-ACO (ANN training with Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)) and ANN-PSO (training ANN with Particle Swarm Optimization …

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Automatic Objects Detection And Tracking Using Fpcp, Blob Analysis And Kalman Filter, Hadeel N. Abdullah, Nuha H. Abdulghafoor Aug 2026

Automatic Objects Detection And Tracking Using Fpcp, Blob Analysis And Kalman Filter, Hadeel N. Abdullah, Nuha H. Abdulghafoor

Engineering and Technology Journal

Object detection and tracking are key mission in computer visibility applications, including civil or military surveillance systems. However, there are major challenges that have an effective role in the accuracy of detection and tracking such as the ability of the system to track the target and the response speed of the system in different environments as well as the presence of noise in the captured video sequence. In this proposed work, a new algorithm to detect moving objects from video data is designed by the Fast Principle Component Purist (FPCP). Then, we used an ideal filter that performs well to …

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Regression And Statistical Analysis Of Process Parameters On Heat Affected Zone In Electrical Discharge Machining Of Tool Steel, Saad K. Shather, Shukry H. Aghdeab, Waqass S. Khudier Aug 2026

Regression And Statistical Analysis Of Process Parameters On Heat Affected Zone In Electrical Discharge Machining Of Tool Steel, Saad K. Shather, Shukry H. Aghdeab, Waqass S. Khudier

Engineering and Technology Journal

The presented study has the aim of finding out the relationships between input variables and process parameters that describe mathematical models, also to estimate the impact of independent parameters on the Heat Affected Zone (HAZ). In the presented paper, A2-Tool Steel material is the utilized workpiece material, whereas copper is the electrode material. RSM, which is the abbreviation of Response Surface Methodology, is used for identifying the impact of controllable parameters; such controllable effects consist of pulse current, pulse on time, and pulse off time on HAZ. It has been noticed that model has been developed by RSM adequacy is …

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Design Of Efficient Inductive Power Link With Small Size Planar Spiral Coil Receiver For Medical Applications, Muammer M. Omran, Ahmed S. Ezzulddin, Saad Mutashar Aug 2026

Design Of Efficient Inductive Power Link With Small Size Planar Spiral Coil Receiver For Medical Applications, Muammer M. Omran, Ahmed S. Ezzulddin, Saad Mutashar

Engineering and Technology Journal

The efficiency of a WPT system greatly depends on both the geometry and operating frequency of the transmitting and receiving structures. Genetic optimizations algorithms are presented to prepare the proposed design parameters using MATLAB to optimize the link efficiency. Single and double layer PSCs are optimally designed with minimal proximity losses effect. In this paper, we used the benefit of a double layer technique to miniaturize the receiver PCS size. The proposed single layer (10×10) mm2 and double layer (8×8) mm2 PSCs are validated and simulated using HFSS 15.03 software at a frequency of 13.56MHz in both cases of the …

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Multi-Objective Optimization Of Friction Stir Welding For Aluminum Alloy (2024-T3), Abbas K. Hussein, Laith K. Abbas, Ahmed A. Seger Aug 2026

Multi-Objective Optimization Of Friction Stir Welding For Aluminum Alloy (2024-T3), Abbas K. Hussein, Laith K. Abbas, Ahmed A. Seger

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this research, a multi-response optimization based on Taguchi method is proposed for friction stir welding (FSW) process for (2024-T3) aluminum alloy. Three different shoulder diameters of tools with tapered pin geometry of (12, 14 and 14 mm) with variable rotation speed (710, 1000 and 1400 rpm) and welding speed of (40, 56 and 80 mm/min), three different tilting angles of (1, 2 and 3 degree) and three welding direction of (1, 2 and 3 passes). The results of this work showed the single optimization by using (Taguchi method) at the optimum condition for the tensile strength and yield strength …

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Study Of Mechanical Properties Of Carbon Steel Plate Sa-516 Gr. 70 Welded By Saw Using V-Shape Joint Design, Samir A. Amin, Mohannad Y. Hanna, Abdulaziz S. Khider Aug 2026

Study Of Mechanical Properties Of Carbon Steel Plate Sa-516 Gr. 70 Welded By Saw Using V-Shape Joint Design, Samir A. Amin, Mohannad Y. Hanna, Abdulaziz S. Khider

Engineering and Technology Journal

Submerged arc welding (SAW) is a fusion type welding and it is considered one of the most important welding types due to its inherent capabilities of high welding speed, high deposition rate, welding large thickness plates owing to its deep penetration characteristic and many other advantages. In this study, the goal was to investigate the effect of welding parameters, namely (welding current and welding speed) as well as the joint design on the mechanical properties (yield stress, bending force on the face of the weldment and hardness of the weld metal. Experiments were conducted employing Design of Expert (DOE) software …

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Computational Analysis Of Punching Shear Models Of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Slabs, Mereen H. Fahmi Rasheed, Ayad Z. Saber Agha Aug 2026

Computational Analysis Of Punching Shear Models Of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Slabs, Mereen H. Fahmi Rasheed, Ayad Z. Saber Agha

Engineering and Technology Journal

A computational analysis is presented to predict the ultimate and cracking shear strength of steel fiber reinforced concrete slabs. Different models are suggested considering the effect of concrete compressive and tensile strength, amount of flexural reinforcements, yield strength of the reinforcement bars and steel fiber properties (volume percent, aspect ratio, and type of steel fibers). The predicted results are compared with the experimental data found in literature and found good agreement.

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Enhancing Quad Tree For Spatial Index Using Space Filling Curves, Ali Hussain, Rehab Hassan Aug 2026

Enhancing Quad Tree For Spatial Index Using Space Filling Curves, Ali Hussain, Rehab Hassan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Spatial indexes, such as those based on the Quad Tree, are important in spatial databases for the effective implementation of queries with spatial constraints, especially when queries involve spatial links. The quaternary trees are a very interesting subject, given the fact that they give the ability to solve problems in a way that focuses only on the important areas with the highest density of information. Nevertheless, it is not without the disadvantages because the search process in the quad tree suffers from the problem of repetition when reaching the terminal node and return to the behavior of another way in …

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Experimental And Numerical Simulation For Thermal Investigation Of Oscillating Heat Pipe Using Vof Model, Anwar S. Barrak, Ahmed A. M. Saleh, Zained H. Naji Aug 2026

Experimental And Numerical Simulation For Thermal Investigation Of Oscillating Heat Pipe Using Vof Model, Anwar S. Barrak, Ahmed A. M. Saleh, Zained H. Naji

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study is investigated the thermal performance of seven turns of the oscillating heat pipe (OHP) by an experimental investigation and CFD simulation. The OHP is designed and made from a copper tube with an inner diameter 3.5 mm and thickness 0.6 mm and the condenser, evaporator, and adiabatic lengths are 300, 300, and 210 mm respectively. Water is used as a working fluid with a filling ratio of 50% of the total volume. The evaporator part is heated by hot air (35, 40, 45, and 50) oC with various face velocity (0.5, 1, and 1.5) m/s. The condenser section …

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Improvement Of Image Steganography Using Discrete Wavelet Transform, Manal K. Oudah, Aqeela N. Abed, Rula S. Khudhair, Saad M. Kaleefah M. Kaleefah Aug 2026

Improvement Of Image Steganography Using Discrete Wavelet Transform, Manal K. Oudah, Aqeela N. Abed, Rula S. Khudhair, Saad M. Kaleefah M. Kaleefah

Engineering and Technology Journal

Recently the Discrete-Wavelet-Transform (DWT) has been represented as signal processing powerful tool to separate the signal into its band frequency components. In this paper, improvement of the steganography techniques by hiding the required message into the suitable frequency band is presented. The results show that the increase of the message length will reduce the Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR), while the PSNR increases with the increasing the DWT levels. It should be noted that the PSNR reduction was from -13.8278 to -17.77208 when increasing the message length from 161 to 505 characters. In this context, the PSNR is increased …

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