Digital Commons Network^™

Neither Dyad Nor Triad: Children's Relationship Interests Within Kinship Caregiving Families, Sacha M. Coupet

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Utilizing a research design lens as a platform for exploring children's relationship rights, this Essay examines first, the limitations of a rights-based framework and second, insufficient participation by children in decision-making regarding their access to and interest in relationships with significant others. This Essay posits that neither the dyadic rights-based framework in domestic relations nor the, ostensibly, triadic one in child welfare serve the interests of children, since children's rights are invariably subordinated to those of adults and the state. In place of a rights-based approach, this Essay endorses an interests-based model more attuned to the holistic aim of child …

Advancing The Future Of Family Violence Law Pedagogy: The Founding Of A Law School Clinic, Melissa Breger, Theresa Hughes

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

This Article advocates for law schools to integrate family violence law further into their curricula and proffers reasons why family violence training is critical in preparing students to practice law. The authors posit that although live-client specialty clinics are the most in-depth way to teach family violence law, the topic should also be offered through doctrinal courses, externships, or general subject matter clinics. The Article then describes the authors' own experiences in cofounding a child advocacy clinic in New York City, outlining the steps taken to transform a vision into the actual formation of a clinic. Finally, the authors conclude …

Kidsvoice: A Multidisciplinary Approach To Child Advocacy, Scott Hollander, Jonathan Budd

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

There is growing recognition that effective child advocacy requires a broad range of knowledge that often goes well beyond the legal needs of the child. This Essay details the multidisciplinary approach to child advocacy that KidsVoice, a Pittsburgh legal services organization representing almost 5000 dependent children each year, has implemented to better develop uniquely tailored recommendations regarding which placement and services might create better possibilities of success for each child and family.

Juvenile Justice: The Nathaniel Abraham Murder Case, Eugene Arthur Moore

University of Michigan Journal of Law Reform

Once in a while, a case will come along that has such an enormous impact on the law that it is certain to draw attention. One such case was the Nathaniel Abraham murder case----a case involving the sentencing of a young eleven-year-old child in a system designed for older juvenile offenders, which demonstrated some of the novel and important issues facing the juvenile courts today. With the onset of such issues, the Juvenile Justice System has developed into a complex field of vital importance. Investing in the Juvenile Justice System allows us to invest in our future. Although frequently viewed …

Bmi Tracking In Mexican American Children In Relation To Maternal Bmi, Norma Olvera, Shreela Sharma, Richard Suminski, Augusto Rodríguez, Thomas Power

Faculty and Staff Publications

Objective: To assess body mass index (BMI [kg/m2]) tracking over a four-year period in 4- to 8-year-old Mexican American (MA) children and to explore associations between mother and child's BMI.

Design: A longitudinal study design was used to assess 138 subjects (69 MA children and 69 MA mothers). Children were classified as normal weight if age- and sex-specific BMI was < 85th percentile and overweight or at-risk for overweight if BMI was > or = 85th percentile. Mothers with a BMI < 25 kg/m2 were classified as normal weight and overweight if BMI was > or = 25 kg/m2.

Results: The percentages of children overweight or at-risk for overweight were 34.8%, 36.2%, 40.6% and 39.1% for years 1-4, respectively. A positive correlation was found between the children's …

From Financial Literacy To Financial Capability Among Youth, Elizabeth Johnson, Margaret S. Sherraden

The Journal of Sociology & Social Welfare

Youth in the United States are facing an increasingly complex and perilous financial world. Economically disadvantaged youth, in particular, lack financial knowledge and access to mainstream financial institutions. Despite growing interest in youth financial literacy, we have not seen comparable efforts to improve access to financial policies and services, especially among disadvantaged youth. Instead of aiming for financial literacy, an approach widely promoted in the United States, we suggest aiming for financial capability, a concept grounded in the writing of Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum. Building on research in the United Kingdom, the paper proposes that financial capability results when …

Engaging Primary Health Care Providers In The Promotion Of Healthy Weight Among Young Children: Barriers And Enablers For Policy And Management, Lydia A. Hearn, Margaret R. Miller, Donna S. Cross

Research outputs pre 2011

Recent national efforts to stem the alarming growth of childhood overweight and obesity in Australia have highlighted the importance of preventative strategies that focus beyond the child-on parents, families, primary health care providers (PHCPs) and child care services. But, while such efforts have to date focused on school-based interventions, once poor eating habits and sedentary lifestyles have set in, a growing body of research is indicating that PHCPs can play a more influential role in monitoring and modifying factors affecting prevention and early intervention in preschool children. This paper presents the findings of a systematic review to: (a) identify key …

Target Field Trip Extravaganza, Marsha J. Phillips

Creativity and Change Leadership Graduate Student Master's Projects

The goal of this project is to benefit children. Students involved in the Target Field Trip Extravaganza have the opportunity to realize that what they are learning in school has a link to the real world. A secondary goal of this project is to create a liaison between the Target Corporation and public education. Students who participate in this project rotate through three distinct challenges in a Target store (i.e. Needs v. Wants, Target Supermarket Sweep, and Jump on Board with the Target Designers). Students work collaboratively using critical thinking skills to solve problems. Also, students have the opportunity to …

When Is A "Minor" Also An "Adult"?: An Adolescent's Liberty Interest In Accessing Contraceptives From Public School Distribution Programs, Joshua A. Douglas

Law Faculty Scholarly Articles

Imagine “Mary,” a sixteen-year-old junior in high school, who has been dating “John,” a seventeen-year-old senior, for three years in a serious relationship. Mary knows that she and John should practice safe sex, and she does not want to become pregnant or catch a sexually transmitted disease. However, she is concerned that her parents will not approve of her activities and will not help her in obtaining contraceptives. John also feels that he is mature enough to make the decision to have sex, yet he knows that his parents will want to consent before he can receive condoms from his …

Intervention For Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder: A Systematic Review, Susan Hillier

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Prevalence of children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is high (6-13% of all school children) and the negative impact of their movement difficulties on their participation in recreation and academic pursuits is well documented. This secondary research systematically reviewed the available literature for evidence of effectiveness of interventions that aim to improve the movement capability of children with DCD. Specified databases were searched for appropriate studies, these were retrieved and two reviewers appraised the level and quality of evidence. Thirty one studies were included between levels I and III-3 of the NH & MRC protocol. Scoring using an established critical …

College Expectations Among Young Children: The Potential Role Of Savings, William Elliott Iii, Margaret Sherrard Sherraden, Lissa Johnson, Suzanne Johnson, Signe Peterson

Center for Social Development Research

For many young people, especially minority and low-income children, attending college is a genuinely desired but elusive goal. This paper explores young children’s perceptions and expectations about attending college and potential influences on their formation. Conducted as part of a four-year study of a school-based saving for college program, this paper uses qualitative evidence from interviews with 60 children in second grade, and surveys with their parents. Findings suggest most of the young children in the study have a general understanding of college and have begun the process of choosing higher education. Further, the perception that saving is a way …

Asset Outcomes For Women And Children: A Research Review, Gina Chowa

Center for Social Development Research

This paper reviews findings from several studies on asset outcomes for women and children in developing countries. In recent years, the number of studies on asset outcomes for women and children has increased in developed countries; however, there is still a dearth of similar studies in developing countries. Findings from the review reveal that asset outcomes for women in developing countries include increased bargaining power in the household; increased use of reproductive health services; increased expenditure on children’s education, health, and nutrition; and increased household well-being. Asset outcomes for children include educational success and better health. More research on asset …

"Bad" Mothers And Spanish-Speaking Caregivers, Annette R. Appell

Nevada Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Splashpads, Swings, And Shade: Parents' Preferences For Neighbourhood Parks, Patricia Tucker, Jason Gilliland, Jennifer D. Irwin

Geography & Environment Publications

Background

Physical activity is a modifiable behavior that can help curtail the increasing worldwide problem of childhood obesity. Appropriate recreational opportunities, including neighborhood parks, are particularly important for promoting physical activity among children. Because children's use of parks is mainly under the influence of their parents, understanding parents' preferences is essential for creating the most inviting and usable park space to facilitate children's physical activity.

Methods

Eighty-two intercept interviews were conducted with a heterogeneous sample of parents / guardians watching their children at neighborhood parks in London, Ontario. Parents / guardians were asked questions about how often they frequent the …

Rhode Island Family Court And The Best Interests Of Children, Alexandra Arnold

Senior Honors Projects

With the continuous rise of the divorce rate in America, there is also an increase in the number of children and adolescents who must suffer through the divorce along with their parents. For some, the divorce is a relief and can be a positive change in their lives. For others, it is difficult and devastating, filled with conflict and tension. Whatever the circumstances, there are permanent effects that children experience as a result of their parents’ divorce. These effects of divorce on children are becoming better known as generations of children grow up in a single parent home. The court …

Does Teaching Problem-Solving Skills Matter?: An Evaluation Of Problem-Solving Skills Training For The Treatment Of Social And Behavioral Problems In Children, Bryan B. Bushman

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Parent training combined with problem solving skills training has been proposed as a comprehensive treatment for childhood oppositional behaviors, poor child social skills, and parental stress. The current study compared Parent Training + Problem Solving Skills Training with a Parent Training + nondirective condition. Parents of 32 children first attended Parent Training. After the parents completed Parent Training, children were randomly assigned to individual therapy in either a Problem Solving Skills Training condition or a nondirective condition. Data comparisons between the groups were made at postindividual therapy and at 6-week follow-up. Results indicated that children in the Problem Solving Skills …

Sleep Problems In Young Children With And Without Behavior Problems, Penny L. Sneddon

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

There are numernus social, emotional, and behavioral problems toddlers and preschool children can exhibit. Some of the more common problems reported by parents of young children are daytime behavior problems and sleep disturbances. This study investigated sleep difficulties in toddler and preschool-age children with (n = 31) and without (n = 59) significant behavior problems. Furthermore, the current study investigated the relationship between sleep difficulties and other psychological constructs (i.e., maternal general stress, maternal depression, and parenting stress), which might be related to sleep and behavior problems. Mothers of clinically referred children with behavior problems and nonclinically referred …

The Theory Of Planned Behavior: Predicting Physical Activity In Mexican American Children, Jeffrey J. Martin, Kimberly L. Oliver, Nate Mccaughtry

Kinesiology, Health and Sport Studies

Theoretically grounded research on the determinants of Mexican American children's physical activity and related psychosocial variables is scarce. Thus, the purpose of our investigation was to evaluate the ability of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) to predict Mexican American children's self-reported moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). Children (N = 475, ages 9–12) completed questionnaires assessing the TPB constructs and MVPA. Multiple regression analyses provided moderate support for the ability of the TPB variables to predict MVPA as we accounted for between 8–9% of the variance in MVPA. Attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control accounted for 45% of the …

Since Children Are Not Little Adults—Socially—What’S An Environmental Economist To Do?, Sandra Hoffmann

Duke Environmental Law & Policy Forum

No abstract provided.

Between Home And School, Laura A. Rosenbury

UF Law Faculty Publications

This article challenges family law's traditional paradigm for allocating authority between parents, children and the state. Pursuant to that paradigm, parents enjoy almost complete authority over their children while at home; the state may require children to attend school and may regulate school curricula; and children must submit to the authority of either their parents or teachers. This settled equilibrium ignores a fundamental reality: children are not confined to home and school. Much of childhood takes place in spaces between home and school, at playgrounds, churches, sporting fields, music rooms and after-school clubs. Family law has been virtually silent about …

Childhood Obesity, Problem Or Pandemic?, Roxanne Baudry

Whittier Scholars Program

This project is a close study of childhood obesity and finding a solution to unhealthy eating habits. This is a multiple-part project which includes an essay that features statistics and analysis of children's dietary habits as well as a specifically designed 6-week program to get kids actively involved with activities that are fun and promote health. Students would be engaged in activities, games, tutorials, work-shops, and lessons interwoven with opportunities for interaction with a trained canine. The program is designed to meet once a week for approximately one hour and 30 minutes a day over a six-week span. This study …

Social Disadvantage And Family Violence: Neighborhood Effects On Attitudes About Intimate Partner Violence And Corporal Punishment, Deeanna M. Button

Sociology & Criminal Justice Theses & Dissertations

Family violence is widespread and occurs everyday in the United States. The consequences of the various forms of family violence and physical discipline are both immediate and long lasting. As nearly every family is victimized by some type of family violence (Payne and Gainey 2005), it is important that all dynamics of family life be explored. Extending the focus of family violence risk factors to include neighborhood experiences allows for the potential development of different social policies. The purpose of this thesis was to analyze the effects of perceived neighborhood characteristics, in addition to a macro-level measure of crime, on …

The Relationship Between Maternal Employment And Children's Physical Activity, Michael Scott Parker

Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to determine children's and parents' activity levels, examine the relationship between mothers' and children's mean step counts, and fathers' and children's mean step counts, and determine if there are differences in physical activity levels among children with mothers who work full time, work part time, or are not employed. Fifty-eight families participated in this 12-day study. Each family member wore a Walk4Life LS 2525 or a Walk4Life LS 2505 pedometer to measure daily step counts. Additionally, all participants completed the pedometer step count logs each night, and parents completed a short demographic form. In …

Manic Symptoms And Behavioral Dysregulation In Youth With Velocardiofacial Syndrome (22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome)., Alka Aneja, Wanda Fremont, Kevin M. Antshel, Stephen V. Faraone, Nuria Abdulsabur, Anne Marie Higgins, Robert J. Shprintzen, Wendy R. Kates

Communication Disorders Faculty Publications

Mania and bipolar disorder have been reported in adolescents and adults with velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS; also known as 22q11.2 deletion syndrome). Children with VCFS have a high prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which may constitute a risk factor for the eventual development of bipolar disorder in this population. Therefore, we sought to determine whether children with VCFS exhibit more manic symptoms than community controls that also may have learning disorders and ADHD. The study population consisted of 86 children with VCFS and 36 community controls from ages 9 to 15 years, using measures of Young Mania Rating Scale-Parent Version, Schedule …

Literature Review On The Support Needs Of Parents Of Children With Behavioural Problems, Siobhan Bradley

Reports

Research commissioned by Bernardos 2007

Students Who Experience Emotional Crises: How To Ensure That Learning Takes Place In The Classroom, Nancy Anderson

Regis University Student Publications (comprehensive collection)

Students Who Experience Emotional Crises: How to Ensure That Learning Takes Place in the Classroom The purpose of this project was to provide a resource for educators to use as a reference when a child in their classroom experiences crisis. After speaking with local teaching staff, this researcher concluded that: (a) many teachers are ill prepared to deal with students who have emotional crises, and (b) the majority of support for students comes from school psychiatrists or counselors. The crises chosen for this project were: (a) community violence, (b) separation/divorce, (c) death of a parent, (d) changing schools or moving, …

Youth Obesity : Putting A Price On Life, Mary Catherine Langford, Serena Pedraza

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

Youth obesity is increasing at an alarming rate and influenced by a number of factors. The rising costs of obesity include related illness such as diabetes, eating disorders, depression, and eventual disability or worse, death, can be avoided. This is possible by working together as individuals, part of a greater system to change our lives. We found out why the media has only chosen to focus on the issue now, in 2007. The obesity epidemic is a problem for all ages, and we felt that it was most important to educate children on the negative effects that advertising can have …

Ethical Considerations: Growth Hormone Treatment In Children With Idiopathic Short Stature, Dawn R. Bucher

Journal of Health Ethics

Being short is a natural diversity of the human race. In 2003, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of growth hormone (GH) for the treatment of idiopathic short stature (ISS) in children. Research has shown that GH therapy in children with ISS has a variable effect on increasing height. However, the literature has not shown the efficacy in improving psychosocial function to justify the costs and potential adverse effects. GH use in children with ISS is a subject of great ethical debate. Ethical implications including beneficence, nonmaleficence, autonomy, and justice are discussed. ISS requires thoughtful consideration by …

Disentangling Automatic And Controlled Processes In Children’S Attention To Negative Emotion, Priscilla V. Burnham

Digitized Theses

There are striking individual differences in emotion development. Variations in emotion development have been associated with typical development as well as developmental psychopathology. While understanding emotional reactivity is important, the emergence of self-regulatory abilities is also critical in understanding emotion development. The interaction between emotional reactivity and self-regulation has an important influence on childhood psychological development. Current paradigms used to evaluate individual differences in attention to threat-related stimuli cannot clearly disentangle automatic and controlled processes that have been hypothesized to underlie performance. The main goal of the present research was to develop a means of disentangling automatic and controlled processing …

G07-1715 High-Risk Behaviors Among Youth, Maria Rosario De Guzman, Kathy R. Bosch

University of Nebraska-Lincoln Extension: Historical Materials

This 2007 NebGuides discusses the status of high-risk behaviors among youth today, and offers suggestions for strategies to promote healthy behavioral choices for youth.