Digital Commons Network^™

Driver For Contactless Payments, Ronald J. Mann

Faculty Scholarship

As a consumer, my primary experience with cash before the virus was standing in checkout lines observing the sluggish pace of cash transactions in front of me. Like so many things in our lives, the advent of the virus has changed the situation markedly. From the earliest days of infection, it has been far more unsettling to observe cash transactions knowing that the virus persists on paper and metal surfaces for days.

The dynamic that has driven the choices merchants offer in face-to-face retail transactions will change as well. Driven by the private exigencies of the retail environment, the last …

How To Help Small Businesses Survive Covid-19, Todd Baker, Kathryn Judge

Faculty Scholarship

Small businesses are among the hardest hit by the COVID-19 crisis. Many are shuttered, and far more face cash flow constraints, raising questions about just how many will survive this recession. The government has responded with a critical forgivable loan program, but for many of these businesses, this program alone will not provide the cash they need to retain workers, pay rent, and help their business come back to life when Americans are no longer sheltering in place. This essay calls on regulators to find new and creative ways to work with existing intermediaries, including banks and online lenders, who …

Misinformation Mayhem: Social Media Platforms’ Efforts To Combat Medical And Political Misinformation, Dawn C. Nunziato

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Social media platforms today are playing an ever-expanding role in shaping the contours of today’s information ecosystem. The events of recent months have driven home this development, as the platforms have shouldered the burden and attempted to rise to the challenge of ensuring that the public is informed – and not misinformed – about matters affecting our democratic institutions in the context of our elections, as well as about matters affecting our very health and lives in the context of the pandemic. This Article examines the extensive role recently assumed by social media platforms in the marketplace of ideas in …

Can Exercise Adaptations Be Maintained In Men With Prostate Cancer Following Supervised Programmes? Implications To The Covid-19 Landscape Of Urology And Clinical Exercise, Pedro Lopez, Dennis R. Taaffe, Robert U. Newton, Nigel Spry, Tom Shannon, Mark Frydenberg, Fred Saad, Daniel A. Galvão

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 The Author(s) In this brief correspondence, we evaluate the potential impact of pivoting from face-to-face supervised to unsupervised home-based exercise programmes to contextualise the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in prostate cancer patients. A meta-analysis was undertaken in fatigue, quality of life, and lean and fat mass outcomes in the four studies included. Our analysis indicates that unsupervised home-based exercise maintains patient-reported outcomes, except for fat mass. In summary, changing to unsupervised exercise is unlikely to provide further benefits on patient-reported and body composition outcomes, but may help maintain initial gains during physical distancing restrictions. Patient summary: We …

Keeping Patients With Cancer Exercising In The Age Of Covid-19, Robert U. Newton, Nicolas H. Hart, Tim Clay

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The novel 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a global public health emergency. To date, physical distancing and good personal hygiene have been the only effective measures to limit spread. The pandemic has altered routine cancer care, including allied health and supportive care interventions. Clinicians must adapt and find ways to continue to deliver optimal patient care at this time. The prescription of exercise to people with cancer has been demonstrated to have meaningful benefits for both physical and mental health and quality of life, and may even enhance survival. Such exercise interventions provide the largest benefit to patients when …

Turnaround Management Of Airport Service Providers Operating During Covid-19 Restrictions, Bassam Buhusayen, Pi-Shen Seet, Alan Coetzer

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Many sectors worldwide have been impacted by government restrictions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. For example, restrictions on travel have resulted in major losses for organizations operating within the aviation sector. This study aims to emphasize the challenges faced by these organizations while they implement turnaround management strategies. The study is based on 30 semi-structured interviews with frontline managers working for airline service providers in three different departments of an airport in Australia. The organization has implemented several turnaround management strategies to survive the crisis caused by COVID-19 restrictions, creating new …

Unf Covid-19 Education Program, Center For Professional Development And Training

UNF COVID-19 Response

No abstract provided.

Gynecological Laparoscopic Surgery In The Shade Of Covid-19 Pandemic, Şadiman Kiykaç Altinbaş, Ömer Lütfi̇ Tapisiz, Yaprak Üstün

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

A global public health problem with a high rate spread and transmission, Coronavirus outbreak has become the most talkedabout matter throughout the world. We are severely affected by the nations with vast numbers of deaths; it was hard to predict such a colossal pandemic with terrifying consequences. Elective surgeries are limited, but situations requiring an urgent gynaecological or obstetric surgical approach must still be performed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Concerns regarding surgical safety and the risk of viral transmission during surgery are of great importance. In this review, we aimed to summarize the concepts related to laparoscopic gynecological surgery during …

Chest Ct Features Of The Novel Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19), Furkan Ufuk, Recep Savaş

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

A new type of coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is rapidly spreading worldwide and causes pneumonia, respiratory distress, thromboembolic events, and death. Chest computed tomography (CT) plays an essential role in the diagnosis of viral pneumonia, monitoring disease progression, determination of disease severity, and evaluating therapeutic efficacy. Chest CT can show important clues of 2019-nCoV disease (also known as COVID-19) in patients with an appropriate clinic. Prompt diagnosis of COVID-19 is essential to prevent disease transmission and provides close clinical observation of patients with clinically severe disease. Therefore, radiologists and clinicians should be familiar with the CT imaging findings of COVID-19 pneumonia. Herein, …

The Factors Predicting Pneumonia In Covid-19 Patients: Preliminary Results From Auniversity Hospital In Turkey, Hasan Selçuk Özger, Pinar Aysert Yildiz, Ümmügülsüm Gaygisiz, Asi̇ye Uğraş Di̇kmen, Zehra Demi̇rbaş Gülmez, Mehmet Yildiz, Esi̇n Şenol, Kenan Hizel, Özlem Güzel Tunçcan, Kayhan Çağlar, Gülendam Bozdayi, Nurdan Köktürk, Tansu Ulukavak Çi̇ftçi̇, Şahender Gülbi̇n Aygencel Bikmaz, Melda Türkoğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Pneumonia is the most serious clinical presentation of COVID-19. This study aimed to determine the demographic, clinical, and laboratory findings that can properly predict COVID-19 pneumonia. Materials and methods: This study was conducted in the Gazi University hospital. All hospitalized patients with confirmed and suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection between 16 March 2020 and 30 April 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. COVID-19 patients were separated into two groups, pneumonia and nonpneumonia, and then compared to determine predicting factors for COVID-19 pneumonia. Variables that had a P-value of less than 0.20 and were not correlated with each other were included in the logistic …

A Single Center Cohort Of 40 Severe Covid-19 Patients Who Were Treated Withconvalescent Plasma, Ali̇i̇hsan Gemi̇ci̇, Hülya Bi̇lgen, Cem Erdoğan, Abdullah Kansu, Oktay Olmuşçeli̇k, Hüseyi̇n Saffet Beköz, Rumeysa Çakmak, Ali̇ Mert, Ömür Gökmen Sevi̇ndi̇k

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: A SARS-Cov2 infection which was first arised from Wuhan in December 2019 and named as COVID-19. Still there lacks either a specific treatment or a vaccine to treat COVID-19. Convalescent plasma (CP) was previously used successfully to treat SARS-CoV-1 and MERS infections. Health authority in Turkey has published a guideline to integrate this promising option in the treatment process of patients who are prone to high risk of developing severe COVID 19. Materials and Methods: Forty consecutive patients who had received CP at our center were included in the study. Demographics, COVID-19 specific parameters, biomarkers to detect the severity …

Covid-19 And Dermatology, Ülker Gül

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Sars-CoV-2 virus infection (COVID-19) was observed in China in the last months of 2019. In the period following, this infection spread all over the world. In March 2020 the World Health Organization announced the existence of a pandemic. The aim of this manuscript is to investigate skin diseases associated with COVID-19 under three main headings: skin problems related to personal protective equipment and personal hygiene measures, skin findings observed in SARS-CoV-2 virus infections, and skin findings due to COVID-19 treatment agents. Materials and methods: In PubMed, Google Scholar databases, skin lesions related to personal protective equipment and personal hygiene …

Covid-19-Related Anxiety In People Living With Hiv: An Online Cross-Sectional Study, Özlem Kuman Tunçel, Hüsnü Pullukçu, Hüseyi̇n Aytaç Erdem, Behi̇ce Kurtaran, Seli̇n Ece Taşbakan, Meltem Taşbakan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has had an enormous emotional impact on some vulnerable groups, such as people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLHIV). This study was planned with the aim of assessing the anxiety levels of PLHIV and the sources of their anxiety. Materials and methods: A web-based questionnaire was sent to PLHIV using the virtual snowball sampling method. The questionnaire included questions about sociodemographic status, information about HIV infection, and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Additionally, some opinions of the participants about COVID-19 were asked. Results: A total of 307 respondents, with …

Covid-19 Experience Of The Major Pandemic Response Center In The Capital: Results Ofthe Pandemic's First Month In Turkey, Hati̇ce Rahmet Güner, İmran Hasanoğlu, Bi̇rcan Kayaaslan, Adalet Aypak, Ayşe Kaya Kalem, Fatma Eser, Burcu Özdemi̇r, Eli̇f Muki̇me Saricaoğlu, Müge Ayhan, Yeşi̇m Aybar Bi̇li̇r, Işil Özkoçak Turan, Deni̇z Erdem, Nevzat Mehmet Mutlu, Turan Buzğan, Bedi̇a Di̇nç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics and parameters that determined the clinical course and prognosis of the COVID-19 patients admitted to Ankara City Hospital during the first month of the pandemic in Turkey. Materials and methods: SARS-CoV-2 PCR positive patients who were hospitalized between March 10 and April 10, 2020 were included. Results: Among 222 patients, mean age was higher in severe acute respiratory illness (SARI)/critical disease group (P < 0.001). Median time from illness onset to admission and presence of comorbidity, especially coronary artery disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, were significantly higher in the SARI/critical disease group (P < 0.05). Cough and fever were the most common symptoms, while anosmia and loss of taste were observed in 8.6% and 7.7% patients, respectively. The mortality rate was 5.4%. A high neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio; low lymphocyte, monocyte, and platelet count; elevated liver enzymes; low GFR; and high levels of muscle enzymes, ferritin, and IL-6 on admission were found to be associated with SARI/critical disease (P < 0.05). Bilateral ground-glass opacity and patchy infiltration were more frequently seen in the SARI/critical disease group (P < 0.001). Patients older than 65 years had an 8-fold increased risk for development of SARI/critical disease. Conclusion: This cohort study regarding COVID-19 cases in Turkey reveals that older age, presence of comorbidity, bilateral infiltration on CT, high neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, low monocyte and platelet count, elevated liver enzymes, low GFR, high levels of muscle enzymes, and high levels of ferritin and IL-6 on admission are predictors of SARI and severe disease.

Mobilizing The Research Ecosystem For Scientific Advances Towards Positive Impact In Thecontext Of The Covid-19 Pandemic, Hasan Mandal

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

This special issue of the Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences is dedicated to providing scientific advances in the process of better understanding the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes the COVID-19 infection. The special issue is published in a special time in which science-based approaches, cocreation-based collaboration, and the effective utilization and integration of competences have a crucial role during the race against time while combating the COVID-19 pandemic. In this process, the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK), which publishes academic journals including the Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences, has taken rapid action to mobilize the research community. This …

Covid-19 Outbreak Control, Example Of Ministry Of Health Of Turkey, Yasemi̇n Demi̇rbi̇lek, Gülen Pehli̇vantürk, Zeynep Özge Özgüler, Emi̇ne Alp Meşe

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Our first COVID-19 case in Turkey was a 44-year-old male who referred to the hospital on March 9, 2020. The first related death occurred on March 17, 2020. Preparedness for the pandemic has been ongoing before the first case was detected. The National Pandemic Plan was published in 2006. The Pandemic Influenza National Preparedness Plan was available after being updated in light of experiences gained during the 2009 Influenza A pandemic. Accordingly, Pandemic Coordination Boards and Operation Centers have been established on the national and provincial levels. This was an adaptable plan to the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19). We formed …

Protective Measures For Covid-19 For Healthcare Providers And Laboratory Personnel, Canan Ağalar, Derya Öztürk Engi̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

In the COVID-19 pandemic, which affects the whole world, healthcare professionals (HCP) are at high risk of transmission due to their direct contact with patients with COVID-19. Therefore, how to ensure the triage of the patient with acute respiratory symptoms should be determined in advance, the contact distance should be arranged to be at least 2 m, COVID-19 suspect or diagnosed patient should be instructed to wear a surgical mask. During the care of these patients, HCP should wear their personal protective equipment (PPE) in accordance with the procedure and should not neglect hand hygiene. The samples of the patient …

Understanding Dynamics Of Pandemics, Levent Akin, Mustafa Gökhan Gözel

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Along the centuries, novel strain of virus such as influenza produces pandemics which increase illness, death and disruption in the countries. Spanish flu in 1918, Asian flu in 1957, Hong Kong flu in 1968 and swine flu in 2009 were known pandemic which had various characteristics in terms of morbidity and mortality. A current pandemic is caused by novel corona virus originated from China. COVID-19 pandemic is very similar to Spanish, Hong Kong, Asian and swine influenza pandemics in terms of spreading to world by the mobilized people. Burden of pandemic is considered in terms of disease transmissibility and the …

Sars-Cov-2 Epidemiology And Control, Different Scenarios For Turkey, Eskild Petersen, Ayşe Deni̇z Gökengi̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now a pandemic spreading in most countries including Turkey. Materials and methods: The current knowledge of COVID-19 and the virus causing it, SARS-CoV-2, was reviewed. The epidemiology and control in different countries was compared and the differences discussed. Results: The population attack rates and case fatality rates vary from country to country with Lombardy in northern Italy reporting an attack rate in the general population of 0.37% compared to 0.004% in Hong Kong. The differences are caused by different testing strategies and reporting systems. Conclusion: Turkey is early in the outbreak. Different control …

Coronaviruses And Sars-Cov-2, Mustafa Hasöksüz, Selçuk Kiliç, Fahri̇ye Saraç

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Coronaviruses (CoVs) cause a broad spectrum of diseases in domestic and wild animals, poultry, and rodents, ranging from mild to severe enteric, respiratory, and systemic disease, and also cause the common cold or pneumonia in humans. Seven coronavirus species are known to cause human infection, 4 of which, HCoV 229E, HCoV NL63, HCoV HKU1 and HCoV OC43, typically cause cold symptoms in immunocompetent individuals. The others namely SARS-CoV (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus), MERS-CoV (Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus) were zoonotic in origin and cause severe respiratory illness and fatalities. On 31 December 2019, the existence of patients with pneumonia …

Epidemiology Of Covid-19, Cemal Bulut, Yasuyuki̇ Kato

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

It seems that coronaviruses take an important place in the 21th century history. Five of seven human coronavirus was isolated in this century. Unfortunately, last three of them entered our life with a fear of outbreak, pandemic or death. Last human coronavirus which emerged world from Wuhan China, SARS CoV-2 and its clinical expression, Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) recently taken a significant place in our daily practice. Initial reports showed that, its origin was bats. It transmitted human to human by droplet and contact routes, but some doubt about airborne, fecal or intrauterine transmission also should be removed. Its R0 value …

Novel Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) In Children, Hasan Tezer, Tuğba Bedi̇r Demi̇rdağ

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) was firstly reported at the end of 2019. The disease rapidly spread all around the world in a few months and was declared a worldwide pandemic by WHO in March 2020. By April 9, there were 1,436,198 confirmed COVID-19 cases in the world, nearly with 6% mortality rate. This novel infectious disease causes respiratory tract illness that may generally occur as mild upper respiratory tract disease or pneumonia. In older patients and/or patients with underlying conditions, it may result in acute respiratory distress syndrome, multi organ failure and even death. According to the current literature, children account …

Covid-19, Immune System Response, Hyperinflammation And Repurposingantirheumatic Drugs, Abdurrahman Tufan, Aslihan Avanoğlu Güler, Marco Matucci-Cerinic

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

In the Wuhan Province of China, in December 2019, the novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a severe involvement of the lower respiratory tract leading to an acute respiratory syndrome. Subsequently, coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) provoked a pandemic which is considered a life-threatening disease. The SARS-CoV-2, a family member of betacoronaviruses, possesses singlestranded positive-sense RNA with typical structural proteins, involving the envelope, membrane, nucleocapsid and spike proteins that are responsible for the viral infectivity, and nonstructural proteins. The effectual host immune response including innate and adaptive immunity against SARS-Cov-2 seems crucial to control and resolve the viral infection. However, the severity …

Covid-19: Pathogenesis, Genetic Polymorphism, Clinical Features And Laboratory Findings, Recep Öztürk

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

COVID-19 caused by a novel agent SARS-CoV-2 progressed to a pandemic condition and resulted in a major public health concern worldwide, leading to social and economic issues at the same time. The pathogenesis of COVID-19 starts with the bonding of the virus to ACE2 receptors expressed in many tissues, and the triggered excessive immune response plays a critical role in the course of the disease. The cytokine storm that occurs upon excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines is considered responsible for the severe progression of the disease and the organ damage. However, the accurate pathophysiological mechanism of the disease, which progresses …

A Microscopic View Of The Covid-19 Virus: Pandemics Move The World Forward: A History Of Humanity’S Progression Via Pandemics, Harold D. Johnson

Capstone Projects

This project argues that pandemics have the ability to move the world forward in ways such as causing economic shifts, leading to new medical innovations and stimulate changes to current religious ideas. By examining past pandemics, such as bubonic plague, the influenza outbreak of 1918 and smallpox, this project demonstrates how humanity has risen to the challenge pandemics create. Through innovations, invention and societal changes, pandemics are often the catalyst for major changes in the world. As the world wrestles with COVID-19, it is good to remind ourselves of humanity’s resilience and to consider what the lasting results of the …

Ensuring Access To Emerging Covid-19 Treatments Through Medicare Reimbursement Policy, Rachel Sachs, Adam Sacarny

Scholarship@WashULaw

Effective pharmaceutical treatments for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are urgently needed, and there has been an explosion of research into compounds with potential efficacy against the disease. The highest-profile success to date is Gilead Sciences’ antiviral remdesivir, which received an Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) from the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) after preliminary data showed that it may speed patients’ time to recovery.¹ Gilead is just beginning to sell remdesivir commercially. However, Medicare reimbursement policy is likely to pose challenges for hospitals seeking to administer remdesivir and other COVID-19 drugs to patients. Policy makers ought to think critically …

Covid-19 Sampling From The Middle Ear And Mastoid: A Case Report, George B Wanna, Zachary G Schwam, Vivian F Kaul, Maura K Cosetti, Enrique Perez, Peter Filip, Waleed Javaid, Avi Kandel, Alberto Paniz-Mondolfi, Satish Govindaraj, Eric M Genden

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

I Don’T Want To Go Back: Examining The Return To Physical Workspaces During Covid-19, Zihan Liu, Drake Van Egdom, Rhona Flin, Omolola Adepoju, Ramanari Krishnamoorti

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

Objective: We study employee perspectives on return to physical workspaces to ultimately inform employers' and policy makers' decision making around the return to work during COVID-19. Methods: We tested the three-component conceptual model using survey data collected in the United States in May 2020 from samples of energy workers (N = 333). Results: Women, non-Caucasians, and employees living in multi-generational households were less willing to return. Concerns about childcare were negatively related to willingness to return, whereas organizational strategies for mitigating COVID-19 transmission at work were positively related to willingness to return. COVID-19 infections in an employees' network were also …

PortugalʼS Response To Covid-19, Ana Santos Rutschman

All Faculty Scholarship

This essay for the Regulatory Review's special series on Comparing Nations’ Responses to COVID-19 examines the early response to the pandemic in Portugal. The essay focuses on measures adopted in connection with the declarations of state of emergency and state of calamity, as well as the treatment of migrant populations throughout the pandemic.

Mapping Misinformation In The Coronavirus Outbreak, Ana Santos Rutschman

All Faculty Scholarship

The coronavirus outbreak has sent ripples of fear and confusion across the world. These sentiments—and our collective responses to the outbreak—are made worse by rampant misinformation surrounding the new strain of the virus, COVID-2019. In this post, I survey some of the most pervasive areas of tentacular coronavirus-related misinformation that has proliferated online -- as well as the responses of social media companies like YouTube, Facebook, Pinterest and TikTok that may ultimately prove inadequate given the magnitude of the problem.