Digital Commons Network^™

Adherence To And Experiences Of K-12 Students In Modified And Standard Home Quarantine During The Sars-Cov-2 Pandemic In Missouri, Mary Claire Worrell, Sara Malone, Patrick Dawson, Stephanie A. Fritz, Ebony Thomas, Bre Peeler, Catherine Rains, Sarah C. Tinker, John C. Neatherlin, Lisa Barrios, Jon Mooney, Katie Towns, Jason Newland, Johanna S. Salzer

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: In November 2020, during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, Missouri allowed local public health jurisdictions the option to implement a modified quarantine policy allowing kindergarten through 12 (K-12) students with low-risk exposures to continue in-person learning. We assessed adherence to quarantine among participants in modified quarantine and standard home quarantine and the psychosocial impacts of quarantine on students and families.

METHODS: In January-March 2021, as part of an investigation of in-school transmission of SARS-CoV-2, parents of 586 participating K-12 students identified as a close contact with a person with SARS-CoV-2 were sent a survey to assess their activities and psychosocial impacts …

Twitter Sentiment Analysis: Applications In Healthcare And Finance, Jiali Wang

Dissertations

This research explores the influence of Twitter sentiment on healthcare and finance industries. It assesses how Twitter sentiment and culture measure influence COVID-19 statistics, and it investigates the impact of Twitter sentiment on S&P 1500 stock mispricing. Furthermore, it examines how tweet sentiment predicts major industry returns.

The first part examines how Hofstede’s Culture Dimensions (HCD) and Twitter economic uncertainty index (TEU) relate to COVID-19 infection rate and death rate. The results show certain aspects in HCD, such as power distance index (PDI) and masculinity (MAS) both are negatively and significantly associated with the infection rate, while indulgence (IVR) and …

Covid-19 Relief For Opportunity Zone Funds And Investors, Adam Wallwork, Gary Hecimovich

Cleveland State Law Review

This Article describes how temporary changes to the qualified opportunity zone (QOZ) tax incentive, combined with new reliance regulations that clarify the requirements for qualified opportunity zone businesses (QOZBs) to modify their written plans to expend working capital in response to the ongoing coronavirus emergency, will make more individuals and entities eligible for federal tax stimulus by increasing flexibility for the qualified opportunity funds (QOFs) and QOZBs in which they invest to redeploy their capital into qualifying business development projects in a QOZ.

Habitat Imaging Biomarkers For Diagnosis And Prognosis In Cancer Patients Infected With Covid-19, Muhammad Aminu, Divya Yadav, Lingzhi Hong, Elliana Young, Paul Edelkamp, Maliazurina Saad, Morteza Salehjahromi, Pingjun Chen, Sheeba J Sujit, Melissa M Chen, Bradley Sabloff, Gregory Gladish, Patricia M De Groot, Myrna C B Godoy, Tina Cascone, Natalie I Vokes, Jianjun Zhang, Kristy K Brock, Naval Daver, Scott E Woodman, Hussein A Tawbi, Ajay Sheshadri, J Jack Lee, David Jaffray, D Code Team, Carol C Wu, Caroline Chung, Jia Wu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: Cancer patients have worse outcomes from the COVID-19 infection and greater need for ventilator support and elevated mortality rates than the general population. However, previous artificial intelligence (AI) studies focused on patients without cancer to develop diagnosis and severity prediction models. Little is known about how the AI models perform in cancer patients. In this study, we aim to develop a computational framework for COVID-19 diagnosis and severity prediction particularly in a cancer population and further compare it head-to-head to a general population.

METHODS: We have enrolled multi-center international cohorts with 531 CT scans from 502 general patients and …

Exploring The Benefit Of Introducing Accounting And Finance Knowledge For Micro And Small Entrepreneurs During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Nurul Hidayah, Lucky Nugroho, Harry Suharman, Anees Janee Ali

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

This study aims to explore the benefit of introducing the accounting and finance knowledge for micro and small business enterprises, in particular during the time of the coronavirus disease 2019. The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected the micro and small enterprises. A large number of industries faced the risk of lower sales, which in turn badly hit their businesses. To assist micro and small business entrepreneurs in maintaining sustainability by improving their bookkeeping skills by using digital applications, a team of lecturers from Universitas Mercu Buana, Indonesia, and Universiti Sains Malaysia, Malaysia, collaborated on socialization activities and interactions. The lecturers …

Racism And Resilience: Counter-Narratives Of Asian International College Students In The Age Of Covid-19, Katrina Liu, Richard Miller, Sharolyn D. Pollard-Durodola, Lei Ping

The Qualitative Report

Using Asian Critical Race Theory and Resilience Theory, this qualitative study explores how Asian international college students experienced racism before and after the eruption of the COVID-19 pandemic and how they developed and used resilience to counteract that racism. Eleven Asian participants shared their counter-narratives through semi-structured interviews. Results reveal that, before the pandemic, participants were regularly subjected to racist acts and attitudes grounded in a deficit view of Asians that treated them as inscrutable foreigners, blamed them as individuals for perceived shortcomings in their home countries, dismissed their expertise outside of technical STEM fields, and failed to recognize their …

Swallowing Dysfunction Following The Covid-19 Infection: A Literature Reviewarticle, I-Chun Liu, Yi-Hsiang Chiu, Tyng-Guey Wang

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), named by the World Health Organization in 2020, is a novel infectious disease, causing by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Most symptoms, such as cough and fever, will be resolved following supportive management. However, a small number of patients will progress to respiratory distress or suffer other neurological problems that affect their swallowing function. Potential dysphagia mechanisms associated with COVID-19 include neurological complications, muscular disorder, and intensive care unit-acquired swallowing dysfunctions. As dysphagia results in a declined quality of life and increased risk of respiratory complications, early swallowing interventions are imperative after the acute …

Identifikasi Faktor Stigma Pasien Penyakit Virus Corona (Covid-19) Yang Terkonfirmasi Di Indonesia, Alamsyah Agus, Alfrojems Alfrojems, Jaka Ramdani, Delfania Matasik, Ida Ayu Gde Pradnyawidari Dharmika

Perilaku dan Promosi Kesehatan: Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic has emerged as a disaster and is a global health crisis for human beings. The pandemic is not only haunted by tragedies of national fatality rate was about 5% of the sufferers, but also stigmatized by the community. Aim. This study aims to assess the factors of the stigma associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact among patients with confirmed COVID-19 in Indonesia. Method. This case study was conducted in 2020 by collecting information from primary sources that include interviews virtually with 4 COVID-19 survivors in Indonesia. Result. The result of this study shows that …

Medicine's Roots: Through The Banyan Trees, Emily E. Klosterman

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

I started residency before the COVID-19 pandemic, at a time when we were able to see our patient’s faces without masks, give reassuring smiles, and sit closely while discussing a difficult diagnosis. Little did I know that in 2019, the way we practice would change overnight, as an unprecedented virus took hold. We could no longer see our patients’ faces, reassuring smiles were hidden by masks, and close conversations were held at a distance. Our homes became our claustrophobic havens, and the hospitals were saturated with patients.

Driven by a deep-rooted need to assist others, we continued onward. As life …

Vertical Transmission Of Sars-Cov-2 In A Twin Pregnancy, Tiffany C. Chang, Rebecca F. Herbert, Stacey N. Tran, Victoria M. Weprinsky, Bhaskari Burra, Chi Dola

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Transmission of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was first identified in 2019 and rapidly evolved into the global coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The emergence of a highly morbid disease has posed ongoing challenges in the diagnosis, management, and prevention of COVID-19. The uncertainty underlying medical decision making is further compounded by preexisting conditions, including pregnancy. Here, we report a twin pregnancy complicated by maternal COVID-19 and the vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2. We hope that our experiences contribute to a better understanding of the disease in pregnancy and, ultimately, guide the development of effective treatment and prevention …

Vitamin D3 Supplementation At 5000 Iu Daily For The Prevention Of Influenza-Like Illness In Healthcare Workers: A Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trial., Noud Van Helmond, Tracy L Brobyn, Patrick J Lariccia, Teresa Cafaro, Krystal Hunter, Satyajeet Roy, Brigid Bandomer, Kevin Q Ng, Helen Goldstein, Ludmil V Mitrev, Alan Tsai, Denise Thwing, Mary Ann Maag, Myung K Chung

Cooper Medical School of Rowan University Departmental Research

Vitamin D supplementation has been shown to reduce the incidence of acute respiratory infections in populations at risk. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of preventing viral infections in healthcare workers. The aim of this study was to assess the hypothesis that vitamin D3 supplementation at 5000 IU daily reduces influenza-like illness (ILI), including COVID-19, in healthcare workers. We conducted a prospective, controlled trial at a tertiary university hospital. A random group of healthcare workers was invited to receive 5000 IU daily vitamin D3 supplementation for nine months, while other random healthcare system workers served as controls. All healthcare …

Faktor - Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kematian Pasien Covid-19 Lansia Di Ruang Rawat Inap Rsud Kabupaten Karanganyar, Soraya Hidayati, Nurhayati Adnan Prihartono

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

Virus COVID-19 terus menyebabkan lebih banyak orang menjadi sakit dan meninggal dunia setiap harinya. Selain itu, varian virus COVID-19 baru juga terus ditemukan. Lebih dari 80% kematian karena COVID-19 terjadi pada penderita yang memiliki komorbid dan berusia di atas 65 tahun. Perlu diketahui penyakit komorbid apa saja yang berpengaruh terhadap kematian pasien COVID- 19 lansia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktorfaktor yang dapat meningkatkan risiko kematian COVID-19 pada pasien lansia yang melakukan rawat inap di RSUD Karanganyar mulai Januari 2020 - Mei 2021. Sebanyak 322 pasien COVID-19 lansia yang terdata dalam file database rekam medis pasien rawat inap di …

Analisis Kematian Covid-19 Dengan Standardisasi Usia Berdasarkan Wilayah Di Indonesia Periode Maret 2020 – Mei 2021, Adistikah Aqmarina

Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia

COVID-19 merupakan jenis penyakit menular baru yang sampai saat ini masih ditetapkan sebagai pandemi. Berbagai studi menyebutkan risiko kematian COVID-19 lebih tinggi pada kelompok lanjut usia terutama dengan riwayat penyakit penyerta. Ketersediaan rumah sakit dan laboratorium pemeriksa COVID- 19 yang tidak adekuat juga dapat memberikan pengaruh terhadap tingginya angka kematian COVID-19. Studi ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan tingkat kematian COVID-19 di wilayah Indonesia dengan mengontrol variabel usia serta didukung dengan analisis ketersediaan rumah sakit dan laboratorium pemeriksa COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi potong lintang (cross sectional) dengan data sekunder laporan COVID-19 nasional di Kementerian Kesehatan periode Maret 2020 – Mei …

Biaya Pengobatan Pasien Rawat Inap Covid-19 Di Rumah Sakit X Tahun 2021, Reli Giusman, Atik Nurwahyuni

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused various hospitals in the world to experience difficulties in providing services because the number of patients has soared in a short time. The widespread pandemic with high mortality in various parts of the country has resulted in high hospitalizations for patients due to COVID-19, so the cost of treatment has also increased. The purpose of this study was to analyze the cost of treating COVID-19 inpatients at Hospital X. The data used is secondary data derived from INACBG's data and medical records as many as 1,196 samples in the period August 2020 to April 2021. …

Kajian Atas Risiko Kelompok Usia Dan Klaim Rumah Sakit (Rs) Covid-19 Di Indonesia, 2020 – 2021, Andhika Nurwin Maulana, Ruli E Al Faizin, Kalsum Komaryani, Farah Purwaningrum, Hasbullah Thabrany

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

This study measures the risk of age group and its correlation with severity level, length-of-stay (LOS), cost of treatment, and discharge of inpatient status. By ‘age group’ we refer to children, productive, and elderly. Since mid-2020 government of Indonesia opted for a micro lockdown in several areas to reduce pandemic transmission nevertheless ensure economic recovery. However, people will have a higher risk if they conduct economic activities, moreover if they were to take public transport to their workplace. We also measure several differences between the implementation of technical guidance of 4th and 5th had a more significant differences in LOS …

An Accurate Real-Time Method For Face Mask Detectionusing Cnn And Svm, Shili Hechmi

Knowledge Engineering and Data Science

Infectious respiratory diseases, including COVID-19, pose a significant challenge to humanity and a potential threat to life due to their severity and rapid spread. Using a surgical mask is among the most significant safety precautions that can help keep this sort of pandemic from spreading, and manual monitoring of large crowds in public places for face masks is problematic. In this research, we suggest a real-time approach for face mask detection. First, we use a multi-scale deep neural network to extract features. As a result, the attributes are better suited for training the detection system. We employ SVM post-processing in …

Social Media Mining With Fuzzy Text Matching: A Knowledge Extraction On Tourism After Covid-19 Pandemic, Ida Bagus Putra Manuaba, I Wayan Budi Sentana, I Nyoman Gede Arya Astawa, I Wayan Suasnawa, I Putu Bagus Arya Pradnyana

Knowledge Engineering and Data Science

Social media mining is an emerging technique for analyzing data to extract valuable knowledge related to various domains. However, traditional text matching techniques, such as exact matching, are not always suitable for social media data, which can contain spelling mistakes, abbreviations, and variations in the use of words. Fuzzy matching is a text matching technique that can handle such variations and identify similarities between two texts, even if there are differences in spelling or phrasing. The gap in existing research is the limited use of fuzzy matching in social media mining for tourism recovery analysis. By applying fuzzy matching to …

Vocabulary Masks, Kim Hardiman

Journal of English Learner Education

As language instructors, we should teach vocabulary in every lesson. How can we combine L2 vocabulary with active teaching and learning techniques? In the past, language instructors taught EL to write long word lists int their notebooks. Do ELs remember these new words? Is there a better way to teach vocabulary for ELs to practice using them in authentic context? Wearing masks has become a daily activity around the world. ELs can express and share their raw emotions by writing and wearing inspirational words on their masks. Vocabulary masks will ignite salient discussions and reconnect ELs with their emotional journeys …

Putting The Coronavirus To Work: Developing A Global Engineering Program During A Pandemic, Cynthia S. Chalupa

Journal of International Engineering Education

In the aftermath of COVID-19 shutdowns at campuses across the U.S. in the spring of 2020, student enrollments have fallen and budgets have been severely constrained. To counteract the current and long-term repercussions of the pandemic on institutions of higher education, administrators have called for innovative program development and strategic transformation. In the past, many engineering and world languages departments may have considered the task of creating a collaborative degree program insurmountable or undesirable despite existing models that are successful (e.g. University of Rhode Island’s IEP program). In the era of COVID-19, however, innovative programs combining language with disciplines outside …

2022-12-28_Michiganoverview_Covidbedppe, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Hospital Data

Contains the tables Statewide Hospital Capacity Report for COVID-19, COVID-19 Metrics, Statewide Hospital Available PPE Tracking for COVID-19, as well as the tables PPE Days On Hand and Patient Census.

2022-12-27_Michiganoverview_Covidlongtermcare, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Michigan COVID-19 Long Term Care Data

The COVID Long Term Care Facilities page was obtained from Michigan's COVID-19 data page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/stats/data-about-places/long-term-care-data.

This report is created by the Michigan Department of Health & Human Services from data self-reported by long-term care facilities into EMResource. Data for all reporting facilities is posted weekly each Monday.

The information below represents COVID-19 data reported directly to MDHHS by licensed and operating Skilled Nursing, Home for the Aged and Adult Foster Care facilities (licensed to serve 13 or more individuals) in Michigan from January 1, 2020. All long-term care facilities additionally have an obligation to report COVID-positive residents and/or staff …

2022-12-27_Michiganoverview_Covidstats, Michigan Department Of Health & Human Services

Cumulative Michigan COVID-19 Data

The COVID Overview page was obtained from Michigan's main COVID-19 page: https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/stats.

The State of Michigan is working around the clock to test and treat COVID-19 patients. Below is the most recent data healthcare experts across the state have compiled. COVID case and testing data will be posted once a week on Tuesdays.

This report is provisional and subject to change. City of Detroit and Wayne County are reported separately. MDHHS began tracking probable cases April 5, 2020. FCI indicates federal correctional institute. MDOC indicates Michigan Department of Corrections. Diagnostic tests, including nucleic acid amplification/real-time polymerase chain reaction (NAAT/RT-PCR) …

Homoeopathic Treatment Of A Diabetic Covid-19 Patient With The Complication Of Bronchitis And Pleural Effusion - A Case Report, Alok Ghosh, Sadia Kamal

Indian Journal of Research in Homoeopathy

Introduction: COVID-19 is a novel SARS-CoV-2 disease that has caused a worldwide pandemic. It is highly contagious and produces severe acute respiratory syndrome. Many homoeopathic medicines have been suggested for treatment of COVID cases and reports have also been published. Case Summary: The present case report is of a 61-year-old COVID-positive, male, presenting with complications such as bronchitis and pleural effusion. He was treated for COVID-19 with a suitable homoeopathic medicine, based on the totality of symptoms, while the patient continued his regular regime of conventional medicine for diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The indicated remedy led to immediate relief …

Sentiment Analysis Of Insomnia-Related Tweets Via A Combination Of Transformers Using Dempster-Shafer Theory: Pre- And Peri-Covid-19 Pandemic Retrospective Study, Arash Maghsoudi, Sara Nowakowski, Ritwick Agrawal, Amir Sharafkhaneh, Mark E Kunik, Aanand D Naik, Hua Xu, Javad Razjouyan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed additional stress on population health that may result in a change of sleeping behavior.

OBJECTIVE: In this study, we hypothesized that using natural language processing to explore social media would help with assessing the mental health conditions of people experiencing insomnia after the outbreak of COVID-19.

METHODS: We designed a retrospective study that used public social media content from Twitter. We categorized insomnia-related tweets based on time, using the following two intervals: the prepandemic (January 1, 2019, to January 1, 2020) and peripandemic (January 1, 2020, to January 1, 2021) intervals. We performed a …

Covid-19 Vaccines: The Imperfect Instruments Of Vaccine Diplomacy, Peter J Hotez

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Although true vaccine diplomacy in the form of sharing vaccine development technologies and scientific cooperation with low- and middle-income countries has not been a dominant theme in the COVID-19 pandemic, this aspect is now taking off and generating some exciting new possibilities.

The Effect Of Zinc Supplementation On The Course Of Covid-19 – A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Monika Olczak-Pruc, Lukasz Szarpak, Alla Navolokina, Jaroslaw Chmielewski, Lech Panasiuk, Raúl Juárez-Vela, Michal Pruc, Damian Swieczkowski, Ryszard Majer, Zubaid Rafique, Frank William Peacock

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction and objective: Zinc is a trace element that plays a role in stimulating innate and acquired immunity. The aim of the study was to determine the antiviral effect of the administration of zinc in COVID-19 patients.

Material and methods: A literature search was performed in P Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane databases from 1 January 2020 - 22 August 2022. In addition, reference lists of the included articles and their related citations in PubMed were also reviewed for additional pertinent studies.

Results: A total of 9 eligible studies were identified. In-hospital mortality in zinc supplementation patients, and …

Roles Played By Nigerian Youtube Micro-Celebrities During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Aje-Ori Agbese

Communication Faculty Publications

In 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic, Nigerian social media micro-celebrities were prominent players in the dissemination of information. This study examines the roles that one group of Nigerian micro-celebrities, YouTube video bloggers (vloggers)—also known as “YouTubers”—played during the pandemic. The research analysed the contents of COVID-19-themed videos that 15 popular Nigerian YouTubers posted on their channels between 29 February and 5 August 2020. The study was guided by the two-step flow of communication theory, in terms of which information first flows from mass media to opinion leaders, who then, in the second step, share the information with their audiences. The …

Risk Factors For Sars-Cov-2 Transmission In Close Contacts Of Adults At High Risk Of Infection Due To Occupation: Results From The Contact Tracing Strategy Of The Covida Epidemiological Surveillance Study In Bogotá, Colombia, In 2020-2021, Andrea Ramírez Varela, Sandra Contreras-Arrieta, Guillermo Tamayo-Cabeza, Leonardo Salas Zapata, Yuldor Caballero-Díaz, Luis Jorge Hernández Florez, Andrés Patiño Benavidez, Rachid Laajaj, Fernando De La Hoz, Giancarlo Buitrago Gutierrez, Silvia Restrepo, Eduardo Behrentz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: To estimate the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 transmission in close contacts of adults at high risk of infection due to occupation, participants of the CoVIDA study, in Bogotá D.C., Colombia.

SETTING: The CoVIDA study was the largest COVID-19 intensified sentinel epidemiological surveillance study in Colombia thus far, performing over 60 000 RT-PCR tests for SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study implemented a contact tracing strategy (via telephone call) to support traditional surveillance actions performed by the local health authority.

PARTICIPANTS: Close contacts of participants from the CoVIDA study.

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: SARS-CoV-2 testing results were obtained (RT-PCR with CoVIDA …

Control Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection By Mt1-Mmp-Mediated Shedding Of Ace2, Xuanming Guo, Jianli Cao, Jian-Piao Cai, Jiayan Wu, Jiangang Huang, Pallavi Asthana, Sheung Kin Ken Wong, Zi-Wei Ye, Susma Gurung, Yijing Zhang, Sheng Wang, Zening Wang, Xin Ge, Hiu Yee Kwan, Aiping Lyu, Kui Ming Chan, Nathalie Wong, Jiandong Huang, Zhongjun Zhou, Zhao-Xiang Bian, Shuofeng Yuan, Hoi Leong Xavier Wong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused a global pandemic. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is an entry receptor for SARS-CoV-2. The full-length membrane form of ACE2 (memACE2) undergoes ectodomain shedding to generate a shed soluble form (solACE2) that mediates SARS-CoV-2 entry via receptor-mediated endocytosis. Currently, it is not known how the physiological regulation of ACE2 shedding contributes to the etiology of COVID-19 in vivo. The present study identifies Membrane-type 1 Matrix Metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) as a critical host protease for solACE2-mediated SARS-CoV-2 infection. SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to increased activation of MT1-MMP that is colocalized with ACE2 in human lung …

Probiotic Supplementations Preserve Protective Immunity Against Sars-Cov-2 Spike Protein After A Triple Combination Of Covid-19 Vaccination, Aphitchaya Chanbunyavit, Vitoon Jularattanaporn, Thamthiwat Nararatwanchai

Asian Medical Journal and Alternative Medicine

Introduction: Immunoglobulin G against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein declines over-time in vaccinated individuals. Trend to restore protective immunity is challenging.

Objectives: Probiotics have beneficial effects to human innate and adaptive immune responses. This study aimed to compare immune preservation of probiotic supplement versus placebo by measuring the mean and percent reduction of COVID-19 antibody level among those subjects receiving a triple dose combination of COVID-19 vaccine.

Methods: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, conducted in Bangkok-Samui hospital between December 2021 to February 2022. There were 30 volunteers, divided randomly into 2 groups. The target group received probiotics supplement once daily for 6 …