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Survival Of Vibrio Cholerae, Biotype E1 Tor, Serotype Inaba In Seafoods., Arthur Hinton Jr

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The D values of Vibrio cholerae in oyster and shrimp meat homogenate were determined at 49(DEGREES), 54(DEGREES), 60(DEGREES), 66(DEGREES), 71(DEGREES), 77(DEGREES), and 82(DEGREES)C. In oyster homogenates, the D values in minutes were 4.7 at 49(DEGREES)C, < 0.35 at 54(DEGREES)C, < 0.35 at 60(DEGREES)C, < 0.33 at 66(DEGREES)C, < 0.30 at 71(DEGREES)C, < 0.29 at 77(DEGREES)C, and < 0.24 at 82(DEGREES)C. In shrimp homogenates, the D values in minutes were 9.17 at 49(DEGREES)C, < 0.43 at 54(DEGREES)C, < 0.39 at 60(DEGREES)C, < 0.32 at 66(DEGREES)C, < 0.31 at 71(DEGREES)C, < 0.30 at 77(DEGREES), and < 0.28 at 82(DEGREES)C. Whole oysters, inoculated with 10('6) V. cholerae/gram, were cooked in boiling water (100(DEGREES)C) or in hot oil (191(DEGREES)C) for one minute. Whole shrimp, inoculated with 10('6) V. cholerae were cooked in boiling water (100(DEGREES)C) or in steam (100(DEGREES)C) for 10 minutes. Vibrio cholerae was not isolated from the cooked oysters or shrimp. Sterile and unsterile shrimp, oyster, crab, and crayfish meat homogenates were inoculated with 10('7) V. cholerae/g. The homogenates were treated with 0, 25, 50, or 100 krad and stored at 4(DEGREES), 0(DEGREES), or -8(DEGREES)C for 21 days. No V. cholerae were isolated from any of the homogenates treated with 100 krad. Vibrio cholerae was able to survive longer in the sterile oyster, crab and crayfish homogenates stored at 4(DEGREES) and 0(DEGREES)C than in the unsterile homogenates stored at the same temperatures. The organism was able to survive longer in the unsterile shrimp homogenates stored at 4(DEGREES) and 0(DEGREES)C than in the sterile homogenates stored at the same temperature. At -8(DEGREES)C, survival time was usually longer in the unsterile seafood homogenates than in the sterile seafood homogenates stored at -8(DEGREES)C. Due to the retardation of competitive inhibition the organism was usually able to survive longer in the unsterile homogenates stored at -8(DEGREES)C than in the unsterile homogenates stored at 4(DEGREES) or 0(DEGREES)C.

The Relationship Between Fibrinolytic Capacity And Metabolic Control In Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus., William Guyton Hornsby Jr

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between fibrinolytic capacity and metabolic control in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Testing protocol was explained and informed consent was obtained from 26 insulin-dependent diabetics and 20 healthy controls who agreed to serve as subjects. Fibrinolytic capacity (FC) was measured as the change in euglobulin lysis time produced by 10 min of venous occlusion with a sphygmomanometer cuff inflated around the upper arm at a pressure midway between systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Metabolic control was evaluated by measurement of hemoglobin A1 (HbA1) using a minicolumn chromatographic technique. Fasting glucose (GLU), cholesterol …

Inflammation And Leukocyte Responses Induced By Subcutaneous Turpentine Inoculation Of Young Alligator Mississippiensis., Margarita Rosa Mateo

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Turpentine-induced skin reactions in young Alligator mississippiensis kept at 25(DEGREES)C were employed to study reptile inflammatory response. Skin lesions, harvested at intervals from 4 hours to 30 days post-inoculation exhibited no gross changes until day 24-26, when superficial skin necrosis and sloughing occurred. Early responses of congestion and dermal edema (4-8 hours) were seen by light microscopy, followed by necrosis and granulocyte migration (1-3 days). There was later predominance of monocytic cells, including vacuolated macrophages (7 days - 30 days). At 30 days post-inoculation, central dermal zones of necrotic debris were surrounded by palisades of vacuolated multinucleated giant cells and …

Equine Infectious Anemia Virus: (1) The Generation Of Virus Variant Candidates. (2) Attempts To Titrate The Virus By Three Different Methods., Alberto Orrego Uribe

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Six serial passages of a cell-adapted strain of EIAV were conducted in Shetland ponies. The 16 recipient ponies became agar-gel immunodiffusion test positive by 25 days after inoculation, and it was observed that the virulence of this cell-adapted strain increased through the successive passages. Clinical signs were closely monitored and recorded, and macroscopic as well as microscopic lesions of EIA were also recorded and evaluated. The effect of EIAV upon blood components was determined after several of the febrile episodes, and the effect of the immunosuppressant dexamethasone on infected ponies were also studied. EIAV was isolated in fetal equine kidney …

The Effect Of Stringent Control On The Production Of Enterotoxin, Tryptophanase, And Beta-Galactosidase By Escherichia Coli In A Recycling Fermentor, Robin Leigh Eifert

Doctoral Dissertations

The recycling fermentor has been shown to be a good tool for studying microorganisms at very slow growth rates. Previous studies have determined that there are three distinct phases of growth based on biomass. Phase 3 has been shown to be initiated by the induction of the stringent response and to be regulated by the levels of guanosine 5'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate (ppGpp) within the cell. By comparing the growth patterns of three enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains to that of E. coli strains of known rel genotypes, the Rel phenotypes of the enterotoxigenic strains were determined.

Both enterotoxin production and secretion in …

Development Of A Culture System For Bovine Luteal Cells: Examination Of Luteotropic And Luteolytic Mechanisms, Joy Lee Pate

Doctoral Dissertations

The function of bovine luteal cells in tissue culture was examined. Corpora lutea from regularly cycling dairy cows were dissociated with collagenase and cultured in Ham's F-12 medium with or without serum. The serum-free medium was supplemented with insulin, transferrin and hydrocortisone. Addition of LH to the serum-containing medium did not increase P(,4) production. When the luteal cells were cultured in serum-free medium, LH produced an increase in P(,4) during the first 24 hours of culture. The responsiveness of the cells to LH then declined, and remained low until approximately day 7 of culture, at which time the cells regained …

Ecology Of Gracilaria Tikvahiae Mclachlan (Gigartinales, Rhodophyta) In The Great Bay Estuary, New Hampshire, Clayton Arthur Penniman

Doctoral Dissertations

The reproductive phenology, growth and variation of chemical composition of Gracilaria tikvahiae from the Great Bay Estuary, N.H. were evaluated. A major objective was an analysis of the chemical composition, particularly agar content and properties, of plants separated into reproductive categories. The net photosynthetic responses of G. tikvahiae to several irradiance, temperature and salinity regimes were determined.

Gracilaria tikvahiae plants from the Great Bay Estuary were vegetative throughout most of the year. However, discrete maxima of tetrasporic and spermatangial plants occurred during June-July and for cystocarpic plants during July-August. The in situ growth of Gracilaria tikvahiae was highest during June-September, …

Biotransformation And Mutagenicity Of Benzidine, Melissa Lea Rochkind

Doctoral Dissertations

This study was undertaken to investigate whether the priority pollutant benzidine could be biotransformed by bacteria from natural environments and to determine what effect such biotransformation would have on the mutagenicity of the compound. Bacteria were collected from sites of toxic waste dumping and from estuarine, lake, and ocean locations. Sediment and water samples as well as bacterial isolates were incubated in media containing 100 (mu)g ml('-1 14)C(U)-benzidine (specific activity 6.76 mCi/mmol) supplemented with ammonia, phosphate and ferrous iron in aged seawater (salinity 26('o)/oo). Pure cultures were grown overnight in reduced-nutrient broth and washed prior to resuspending in the same …

Circadian Systems In Development And Photoperiodism In Japanese Quail., Albert C. Russo Jr

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Section I: The daily rhythm of plasma levels of adrenal corticol hormones (ACH) differed in phase and amplitude in Japanese quail of different ages and reproductive condition. Treatment with thiouracil accelerated and thyroxine delayed maturation of the ACH rhythm and development of the reproductive system. In contrast to the ACH rhythm, the rhythm of plasma thyroxine concentrations was similar at all ages tested. Section II: The roles of circadian rhythms in photoperiodism as they relate to adrenal cortical hormone (ACH) were examined in male Japanese quail, Coturnix coturnix japonica. Plasma ACH concentration was found to undergo circadian variations, which varied …

The Mechanism Of Aldosterone Secretion In Dairy Cattle And The Circadian Rhythm Of Aldosterone, Cortisol And Progesterone In Dairy Cattle During Summer In Louisiana., Teodora Javier Aranas

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

A study of the basic mechanism of aldosterone secretion was performed on 15 month old Holstein heifers. Animals were fitted with indwelling jugular catheters and estrous cycle was synchronized with PGF(,2(alpha)). Effects of adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and angiotensin II (AII) on the secretion of aldosterone, cortisol, progesterone and other parameters such as sodium and potassium that influenced aldosterone secretion were analyzed by Latin Square design, replicated twice. Treatments consisted of intravenous injections of 200 I.U. ACTH/animal, 18 mg AII/animal, or physiological saline. Blood samples were collected before treatment (0 min), at fifteen and thirty minutes after treatment, and at hourly …

Smokers And Smoking: An In-Depth Interview Study Of Initiation, Transition, Maintenance, And Cessation, Jeanne Colette Riddell

Doctoral Dissertations

The purpose of the study was to explore, through in-depth unstructured interviews, the factors preventing experimentation with cigarettes and the factors related to cigarette smoking. Hypotheses generation, as opposed to hypothesis testing, was the goal. Forty-seven men and women between the ages of 18 and 48 with diverse smoking (or nonsmoking) histories and current smoking patterns and attitudes were interviewed.

The results are organized around the four stages in a smoker's career. Numerous quotes from the interviews and five illustrative cases are presented to exemplify the patterns that emerged.

A number of hypotheses specific to each stage of smoking were …

Biological, Ecological, And Morphological Investigations Of The Rice Water Weevil, Lissorhoptrus Oryzophilus Kuschel, On Two Rice Genotypes., Gary Leonard Cave

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The rice water weevil, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus Kuschel, is the most important insect pest of rice, Oryza sativa (L.), in the United States. Although this insect has been associated with O. sativa since the introduction of this plant species into the United States in 1685, some aspects of its biology remain obscure. Larvae of L. oryzophilus have four instars, based on measurements of head-capsule widths of field-collected larvae in 1981 and 1982. The head-capsule widths of each instar were: I, 0.14 to 0.18 mm; II, 0.20 to 0.26 mm; III, 0.28 to 0.38 mm; IV, 0.40 to 0.60 mm. Further studies …

Effects Of Burning On Soil Algae In A Restored Tallgrass Prairie., Sandra Lou Kragskow

Student Work

Introduction: Algae are present in almost every soil throughout the world, with the Chlorophytes and Cyanophytes the most common (Bold, 1970). Algal abundance and diversity in any particular soil seems to be dependent on, and respond to, changes in light, moisture, pH, and nutrients and substrate (Shields and Durrell, 1964).

Characterization Of A Blood-Uterine Lumen Barrier In Rats, Ann Catherine Mcrae

Digitized Theses

Previous studies indicated that a permeability barrier between blood and the uterine lumen might exist in rats. The abilities of selected radiolabelled test substances to enter the uterine lumen were assessed by comparing radioactivity concentrations in fluid (secreted or instilled) recovered from the uterine lumen with those in serum, at fixed times after single intravenous injections of a test substance.;Initial experiments conducted in immature, ovariectomised, estradiol-treated rats revealed that a barrier to {lcub}('3)H{rcub}-sucrose, {lcub}('3)H{rcub}-inulin, and {lcub}('125)I{rcub}-bovine serum albumin exists between blood and the uterine lumen which impeded the entry of these substances into the uterine lumen. Further experiments showed that …

In Vivo Models Of Demyelinating Disease: Coronavirus Infection Of Rats And Mice, Ole Sorensen

Digitized Theses

The period of time between exposure to a possible causative agent and the first symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) can be measured in decades. This has made progress toward an understanding of the initial events in this disease difficult and so a number of animal models which mimic various aspects of the disease are being studied widely. JHM virus (JHMV) and MHV-3 virus infections of mice are among these models. Less attention has been paid to the interactions of these viruses with rats.;Rats and mice of various strains were challenged at various ages with MHV-3 or JHMV intracerebrally (IC) or …

Estimation And Regulation Of Uterine Prostanoids During Ovine Pregnancy And Delivery, Charles Alexander Evans

Digitized Theses

The objectives of the work described in this thesis were (1) to delineate major sites of prostanoid (PG) production in pregnant sheep by examining the concentrations of PG in intra-uterine tissues taken at different stages of pregnancy and correlating these with PG output from isolated cells prepared from these tissues and with PG concentrations in amniotic and allantoic fluids; (2) to correlate the effects of infusing ACTH to the fetal lamb and indomethacin to the mother on patterns of uterine activities and plasma steroid changes, with tissue steroid and PG concentrations and PG output in vitro; (3) to examine the …

Correlative Field And Laboratory Microcosm Approaches In Ascertaining Xenobiotic Effect And Fate In Diverse Aquatic Microenvironments., Ralph Joseph Portier

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

The impact of a multitude of toxic chemicals, or xenobiotics, on diverse aquatic environments and the need to consider such factors in adjacent land use and disposal situations has necessitated the development of usable analytical predictive approaches. A microbial and enzymatic assessment protocol for determining the environmental effect and fate of these manufactured chemicals in coastal wetlands was devised. The protocol combined in situ analyses of interrelated soil/sediment microenvironments with statistical and analytical laboratory microcosm approaches in presenting valid predictive models of xenobiotic fate and effect. The general objective of this combined field/laboratory analysis was to provide a better understanding …

An Experimental Rotavirus Infection In Neonatal Gnotobiotic Dogs., Charles Audrey Johnson

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

A canine rotavirus isolate caused clinical disease, small intestinal lesions, serum antibody response, and shedding of rotavirus in the feces in newborn gnotobiotic dogs. The results of this study demonstrated this rotavirus was a pathogen in neonatal gnotobiotic dogs. The pathogenesis of the intestinal lesions was similar to the pathogenesis of rotaviral enteritis in other species. In three consecutive experiments, twenty puppies were derived by caesarean section and transferred to sterile isolators. Gnotobiotic puppies were inoculated orally with a rotavirus isolated from a neonatal puppy with fatal diarrhea. Fecal samples from the puppies were examined for virus particles by negative …

Cardiovascular Responses In High, Moderate And Low Aerobic Capacity Males During Static And Dynamic Work., John Francis Harper

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Eighteen male subjects participated in an investigation to examine the effects of static, dynamic, and combination work (static and dynamic) on the variables heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, pressure rate product, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO(,2)(' )max). The subjects, who were all free from any cardiovascular problems, were divided into 3 groups based on their maximum oxygen consumption levels. The high (Group 1), moderate (Group 2), and low (Group 3) aerobic capacity groups had mean VO(,2)(' )max levels of 64, 55, and 47 ml(.)kg('-1)(.)min('-1), respectively. Each subject performed a static test (holding a weighted brief case), a dynamic …

Toxicity Of Ambush Registered Trademark And Pydrin Registered Trademark To Red Crawfish, Procambarus Clarkii (Girard) And Channel Catfish, Ictaluras Punctatus Rafinesque In Laboratory And Field Studies And The Accumulation And Dissipation Of Associated Residues., Dwayne Paul Coulon

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

In laboratory studies, 24 hr LC(,50) values obtained for Ambush('(REGTM)) and Pydrin('(REGTM)) on 18-27 mm juvenile red swamp crawfish, Procambarus clarkii (Girard), in clear water were 0.49 and 0.37 ppb, respectively. LC(,50) values derived for 10-20 mm channel catfish fry, Ictaluras punctatus Rafinesque, were 1.81 and 1.83 ppb, respectively for Ambush('(REGTM)) and Pydrin('(REGTM)). The addition of alluvial soils to test waters had no apparent effect on toxicity to crawfish but did reduce toxicity to channel catfish. This was attributed to a strong adsorption to clay and organic components of the soils. Applications of field rates of Ambush('(REGTM)) and Pydrin('(REGTM)) to …

Morphological And Isozymal Variation In The Sea-Star Asterias Forbesi(Desor), Charles H. Towle Jr.

Doctoral Dissertations

Kinetic studies of the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide to methane and methanol were carried out over iron-titanium alloy catalysts, in a continuous flow fixed bed differential reactor. The catalysts studied included FeTi, Fe(,1.5)Ti and Fe(,2.5)Ti alloys with pure Fe used as a comparison. The catalysts used were all unsupported with an averaged initial particle size of 270 microns. The range of feed compositions was varied from 10 to 33% CO with the remainder being H(,2). Temperatures were varied from 520 to 590 K at a total pressure of 34 atm for all the catalysts studied. Additionally, a pressure of 13.6 …

Major Histocompatibility Complex (Mhc) Vs Non-Mhc Influences On Response To Rsv-Induced Tumors In Chickens, David Winston Brown

Doctoral Dissertations

The MHC of the chicken (B complex) has been shown to exert a decisive influence on the fate of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV)-induced tumors. However, noninbred chickens with identical B genotypes and inbred lines indistinguishable at the MHC have demonstrated considerable variation in response to RSV challenge. The major objective of this research was to determine the cause of variation in anti-Rous sarcoma response observed among chickens with "identical" B genotypes.

Chickens were evaluated for anti-tumor response following wingweb inoculation with RSV at six weeks of age. A comparison of anti-sarcoma responses of (15I-5 x 6-1)F1 versus (15I-5 x 7-2)F1 …

Electrophysiological Studies On Ulmus Americana, Jill Stanley Kathleen Shipman

Doctoral Dissertations

Although membrane potentials have been measured in algal cells and in large cells of some higher plants, this investigation is the first to include such measurements in mesophyll cells of elm (Ulmus americana) leaves. The inquiry entailed the development of the technique for measuring elm leaf cell membrane potentials, the determination of membrane potentials expected of healthy, greenhouse elms, and the effects of various physical and chemical factors on the membrane potentials of elm leaf cells.

The membrane potential of a specific cell, was measured by amplifying the potential difference between a microelectrode inserted in the cell and a reference …

Some Effects Of Crude And No 2 Fuel Oil On The Chromosomes Of The Smooth Flounder, Liopsetta Putnami (Gill), Patricia Mary Burke

Doctoral Dissertations

An analysis was conducted on the genotoxic effects of water soluble fractions (WSF) of Venezuelan crude and No. 2 fuel oil on the chromosomes of smooth flounder (Liposetta putnami) gill cells.

Both static and flow-through in-lab exposures were used to determine the effects of long-term low-level WSF exposure (7%, 4%, and 2% WSF) on adult L. putnami. The long-term exposures were of 96 and 99 days for the No. 2 fuel and crude static systems respectively, and 137 days for the flow-through systems. Chromosome aberrations scored include: fragments, chromatid deletions, complex rearrangements, rings, and translocations. Chromosome count variations were also …

The Distribution And Survival Of The Genus Propionibacterium In The Estuarine Environment, William Kolanko

Doctoral Dissertations

The Propionibacterium species possess several attributes that would allow them to survive in an estuarine ecosystem. This investigation is concerned with the distribution and survival of the Propionibacterium sp. in the Great Bay Estuary at New Hampshire. To aid in the enumeration of propionibacteria, a selective medium was developed that demonstrated greater than 99.9% selectivity from skin samples. Failure to detect propionibacteria from water, sediment, fish, and shellfish prompted an investigation into factors that may influence survival. Temperature appears to be the major factor affecting the Propionibacterium's ability to establish a niche. An increase in salinity had a stimulatory effect …

Native Tallgrass Prairie Remnants Of Eastern Nebraska: Floristics And Effects Of Management, Topography, Size, And Season Of Evaluation., Judith F. Boettcher

Student Work

Ten eastern Nebraska tallgrass prairie remnants, varying in size from 1-18 ha, were evaluated for floristic composition at four times during the 1979 growing season. A total of 153 species were recorded of which seven dominated: Andropogon gerardii, A. scoparius, Bromus inermis, Ceanothus americanus, Heliopsis helianthodies, Poa pratensis, and Stipa spartea. Floristic composition, however, varied with respect to management, topography, season of evaluation, and prairie size. Frequent mowing reduced canopy cover of native species, such as Andropogon gerardii, by 21% while increasing that of non-native species, such as Bromus inermis, by 35%. In addition, frequently mowed sites contained a greater …

Effects Of Controlled Burning On Small Mammal Populations Of A Restored Tallgrass Prairie., P. Lynne Vacanti

Student Work

A field study was conducted on a reestablished grassland to investigate the effects of a controlled burn on resident mammals eartagged so that comparisons with post-burn populations could be made; a control plot was similarly censused. Following the fire, no animals were caught on the burn plot for one week, and no direct evidence of fire-induced mortality was observed. Evidence that mammals survived the fire was based on comparisons of recapture success on experimental and control plots before and after the burn. Microtus pennsylvanicus (meadow voles) reinvaded the burned plot 93 days after the fire. The lack of dense vegetative …

Genetic And Molecular Genetic Studies In The Cytoplasmic Incompatibility System In The Mosquito Culex Pipiens., David Ray Mcgee

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

An analysis of the cytoplasmic incompatibility system in Culex pipiens has been made. Both normal and antibiotic-resistant strains have been established using erythromycin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline. A complete genetic analysis has been made using all possible reciprocal crosses. Crosses between the normal strains show unidirectional compatibility. The genetic crosses involving the tetracycline-resistant strain show a reversal of the direction of compatibility when compared with those involving the untreated parental strain. Erythromycin and chloramphenicol-resistant strains exhibited no such change in direction of compatibility when compared with their respective untreated parental strains. Exceptional crossing relationships between chloramphenicol and tetracycline-resistant strains were found. …

Thermal And Spatial Ecology Of Three Species Of Water Snakes (Nerodia) In A Louisiana Swamp., Thomas Claud Michot

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Biotelemetry was used to study thermal and spatial relationships in Nerodia fasciata confluens, N. c. cyclopion, and N. r. rhombifera. Twenty snakes were monitored between April 1978 and September 1979 in Ascension Parish, Louisiana. Laboratory-determined preferred temperature ranges were compared to environmental temperatures from air, soil, and water to predict thermally optimum microhabitats. Comparison of observed and predicted microhabitats for each observation showed that N. fasciata was found more frequently in the thermally optimum microhabitat than were N. cyclopion and N. rhombifera. Nerodia cyclopion consistently showed thermal nonconformity by altering the relationship between body (BT) and ambient (AT) temperatures so …

Respiratory And Circulatory Responses Of The Blue Crab, Callinectes Sapidus (Rathbun), To Salinity And Naphthalene., Thomas Donald Sabourin

LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses

Adult intermolt blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus Rathbun) were stepwise acclimated to salinity at 22-25(DEGREES)C. Respiratory and circulatory responses were investigated in steady state salinity (5, 10, 20 and 30('o)/oo), diurnally fluctuating salinity (30-10-30('o)/oo, 10-30-10('o)/oo), and during 24-h exposure to water-soluble naphthalene at 0, 37.5% (0.9 ppm) and 75% (1.8 ppm) of the 24-h TL(,m) in a flow through system at 10 and 30('o)/ooS. No steady state salinity-related differences occurred in ventilation volume (V(,w)), oxygen extraction efficiency (E), oxygen uptake (VO(,2)), heartbeat frequency (F(,H)), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (Q), post- and prebranchial oxygen tensions (PAO(,2), PVO(,2)) and oxygen contents. Protein …