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Spin-Down And The Dynamics Of Dense Pool Gyres In Shallow Seas, A. E. Hill
Spin-Down And The Dynamics Of Dense Pool Gyres In Shallow Seas, A. E. Hill
Journal of Marine Research
Isolated lenses or domes of dense (often cold) bottom water are found in many shelf seas and can be expected to induce significant baroclinic circulations. However, provided they have the correct thermal wind shear, many flow states can support a bottom dome structure, including: (a) an anticyclonically circulating dense dome overlain by a static surface layer or (b) cyclonic surface flow around a static dome. A one-dimensional, two-layer, quasi-geostrophic model is applied to a Gaussian vortex to argue that, on account of bottom friction in shelf seas, the bottom layer will spin down to rest over a time-scale of just …
Water-Property Distributions Along An Eastern Pacific Hydrographic Section At 135w, Mizuki Tsuchiya, Lynne D. Talley
Water-Property Distributions Along An Eastern Pacific Hydrographic Section At 135w, Mizuki Tsuchiya, Lynne D. Talley
Journal of Marine Research
As part of the World Ocean Circulation Experiment, full-depth CTD/hydrographic measurements with high horizontal and vertical resolutions were made in June-August 1991 along a line extending from 34N to 33S at a nominal longitude of 135W with an additional short leg that connects it to the California coast roughly along 34N. The line spans the major part of the subtropical and intertropical circulation regime of the eastern North and South Pacific. The primary purpose of this paper is to present vertical sections of various properties from CTD and discrete water-sample measurements along this line and to give an overview of …
Fluid Flow And Suspended Particulates As Determinants Of Polychaete Feeding Behavior, Michael J. Bock, Douglas C. Miller
Fluid Flow And Suspended Particulates As Determinants Of Polychaete Feeding Behavior, Michael J. Bock, Douglas C. Miller
Journal of Marine Research
We examined the interactive effects of fluid flow, bed characteristics and suspended load on the feeding behavior of four species of marine polychaetes. Two species of obligate deposit feeders (Marenzelleria viridis and Ampharete parvidentata) and two species of palp-coiling facultative suspension feeders (Spiochaetopterus oculatus and Spio setosa) were exposed to flow and sediment-bed treatments that served to decouple fluid flow and particle flux. We employed low (no particle transport), medium (transport of flocs only) and high (transport of sand) flow speeds in factorial treatments of natural sediment, winnowed bed (flocs removed), armored bed (no sand transport …
The Solubility Pump Of Carbon In The Subtropical Gyre Of The North Atlantic, Michael J. Follows, Richard G. Williams, John C. Marshall
The Solubility Pump Of Carbon In The Subtropical Gyre Of The North Atlantic, Michael J. Follows, Richard G. Williams, John C. Marshall
Journal of Marine Research
The subduction of carbon is examined using abiotic models of the solubility pump in the subtropical gyre of the North Atlantic. The importance of the seasonal cycle of the mixed layer, and advection of carbon, is examined using sensitivity experiments with a Lagrangian model of the carbon system. The rate of subduction of carbon is found to be strongly influenced by the gradients in mixed-layer thickness over the gyre and, to a lesser extent, modified by the end of winter bias in the properties of subducted fluid. A seasonally-cycling geochemical model of the carbon system is then developed for the …
Inertial Gyre Solutions From A Primitive Equation Ocean Model, Annalisa Griffa, Eric P. Chassignet, Victoria Coles, Donald B. Olson
Inertial Gyre Solutions From A Primitive Equation Ocean Model, Annalisa Griffa, Eric P. Chassignet, Victoria Coles, Donald B. Olson
Journal of Marine Research
A numerical exploration of inertial equilibrium states obtained with a primitive equation ocean model suggests that they can be described using statistical mechanics theory developed in the framework of quasi-geostrophy. The performance of the numerical model is first assessed with respect to the quasi-geostrophic model considering a series of experiments in the quasi-geostrophic range, in a closed basin with flat bottom and varying Rossby numbers. The results show that our model is consistent with the quasi-geostrophic model even in terms of dependence from boundary conditions and eddy viscosity values, and that the free surface contribution is negligible. As in the …
Deducing Dynamic Properties From Simulated Hydrographic Data: Part I. Results From A Non-Eddy-Resolving Model, Huai-Min Zhang, Nelson G. Hogg
Deducing Dynamic Properties From Simulated Hydrographic Data: Part I. Results From A Non-Eddy-Resolving Model, Huai-Min Zhang, Nelson G. Hogg
Journal of Marine Research
Inverse models are widely used in oceanography. However, their reliability remains an open question, as comparison of inverse model results with real values of ocean parameters is difficult due to insufficient knowledge of the latter. The feasibility of extracting the ocean general circulation, mixing rates, as well as air-sea heat and freshwater fluxes from hydrographic data is studied by applying an inverse model to the CME (Community Modeling Effort) results where both the physics and parameter values are known. The inverse model assumes approximate thermal wind balance and steady state conservation laws for mass, heat, and salt, assumptions satisfied by …
Plankton Production In Tidal Fronts: A Model Of Georges Bank In Summer, Peter J. S. Franks, Changsheng Chen
Plankton Production In Tidal Fronts: A Model Of Georges Bank In Summer, Peter J. S. Franks, Changsheng Chen
Journal of Marine Research
A two-dimensional (x,z) coupled physical-biological model of the plankton on Georges Bank during the summer was developed. The physical portion included a primitive-equation turbulence-closure model with topography-following σ coordinate. The biological model was a simple N-P-Z model. Tidal forcing at the model boundary generated a well-mixed region on the top of the bank, and strong tidal fronts at the bank edges. Biological fields were homogenized on the bank, while pronounced phytoplankton patches and horizontal gradients in properties developed in the fronts. The biomasses and fluxes of biological variables in the model agreed well with field estimates from Georges …
The Classification And Structure Of Megafaunal Assemblages In The Venezuela Basin, Caribbean Sea, Kevin B. Briggs, Michael D. Richardson, David K. Young
The Classification And Structure Of Megafaunal Assemblages In The Venezuela Basin, Caribbean Sea, Kevin B. Briggs, Michael D. Richardson, David K. Young
Journal of Marine Research
Data from 23 benthic trawls collected from the Venezuela Basin (3411–5062 m water depth) indicate that megafauna are less abundant than in basins of similar depths in the Atlantic and are segregated by sedimentary province. Taxonomic assemblages, in terms of abundance and biomass, from three sites coincide with distinctions of sedimentary characteristics among the pelagic, hemipelagic and turbidite sedimentary provinces. Mollusks, decapods and fishes are most abundant in trawls collected from the pelagic and hemipelagic provinces and anemones and holothurians are most abundant in trawls collected from the turbidite province. Sponges dominate the biomass of fauna in trawls collected in …
Unsteady Similarity Solutions And Oscillating Ocean Gyres, Neil R. Edwards
Unsteady Similarity Solutions And Oscillating Ocean Gyres, Neil R. Edwards
Journal of Marine Research
The effect of time-dependent forcing on steady solutions representing basin-scale flows is investigated. Analytical and numerical solutions are considered separately and compared. We first use symmetry methods to show how any steady solution of the ideal thermocline equations can be used to generate a family of unsteady solutions, via an arbitrary function of time α(t). The resulting time-dependent solutions correspond to distortion of the isopycnal surfaces by a velocity field which varies linearly in the three coordinate directions. Although the displacements are linear, the fluctuations can lead to a form of nonlinear streaming wherever the function α appears …
Analysis Of The North Atlantic Climatologies Using A Combined Ogcm/Adjoint Approach, Lisan Yu, Paola Malanotte-Rizzoli
Analysis Of The North Atlantic Climatologies Using A Combined Ogcm/Adjoint Approach, Lisan Yu, Paola Malanotte-Rizzoli
Journal of Marine Research
An exact adjoint for the full-scale Bryan-Cox primitive equation model is applied to assimilate the North Atlantic climatologies. The inverse calculation aims at searching a steady state oceanic general circulation consistent with observations, by controlling the model input parameters (such as the initial states and the upper thermal and haline boundary conditions). Two climatological hydrographies (Levitus (1982) and Fukumori and Wunsch (1991)) are used for the assimilation. This enables the examination of the sensitivity of the assimilated results to data quality. In addition, the consistency between the climatological hydrography and fluxes is discussed by examining the fits between the optimally …
An Experimental And Modeling Study Of Ph And Related Solutes In An Irrigated Anoxic Coastal Sediment, Roberta L. Marinelli, Bernard P. Boudreau
An Experimental And Modeling Study Of Ph And Related Solutes In An Irrigated Anoxic Coastal Sediment, Roberta L. Marinelli, Bernard P. Boudreau
Journal of Marine Research
Macrofaunal irrigation is an important process in nearshore sediments, facilitating greater exchange between sediments and seawater and imparting significant lateral heterogeneity to the porewater profiles of many constituents. Like many macrofaunal activities, irrigation is a transient behavior, i.e. tubes and burrows are flushed periodically, at frequencies that generally are species-specific. As a result, transient concentrations within the dwelling arise, potentially impacting gradients, fluxes and reaction rates in the vicinity of the dwelling. We investigated the impact of periodic burrow irrigation on the distribution of several diagenetically important porewater constituents. Laboratory experiments evaluated irrigation periodicity using artificially irrigated tubes embedded in …
Characterization Of The Particulate Protein In Pacific Surface Waters, Eiichiro Tanoue
Characterization Of The Particulate Protein In Pacific Surface Waters, Eiichiro Tanoue
Journal of Marine Research
The molecular characteristics of particulate protein in the surface waters along transects from 45N to 25S in the central Pacific are reported. The majority of particulate-combined amino acids (PCAA) was in the form of protein molecules in the samples from the northern North Pacific and Equatorial regions, namely, productive areas, while PCAA was mainly present as nonproteinaceous amino acid in the subtropical regions, namely, oligotrophic areas. Thus, it appears that the chemical form of PCAA, one of the major constituents of particulate organic matter (POM), varies meridionally. Two characteristic groups of particulate protein were identified from meridional differences in their …
Diatom And Silicoflagellate Fluxes At The Walvis Ridge: An Environment Influenced By Coastal Upwelling In The Benguela System, Ute F. Treppke, Carina B. Lange, Barbara Donner, Gerhard Fischer, Götz Ruhland, Gerold Wefer
Diatom And Silicoflagellate Fluxes At The Walvis Ridge: An Environment Influenced By Coastal Upwelling In The Benguela System, Ute F. Treppke, Carina B. Lange, Barbara Donner, Gerhard Fischer, Götz Ruhland, Gerold Wefer
Journal of Marine Research
Seasonal fluctuations in the total particle, biogenic opal, diatom and silicoflagellate fluxes were observed in sediment traps deployed at 599 m and 1648 m in the Walvis Ridge area, within the Benguela upwelling system, from March 1989 to March 1990 (station WR 2: 20°02.8′S, 09°09.3′E). Fluxes were directly related to wind stress variations (wind maxima preceding flux maxima by several weeks), and inversely related to SST changes (derived from measured concentrations of C37 alkenones; range: 14.6°–23.6°C). The biogenic particle composition at different depths reflected the complicated hydrology of the area with a combination of tropical, temperate and subantarctic water …
Variability And Sources Of The Southeastern Atlantic Circulation, Silvia L. Garzoli, Arnold L. Gordon, Vladimir Kamenkovich, Dale Pillsbury, Christopher Duncombe-Rae
Variability And Sources Of The Southeastern Atlantic Circulation, Silvia L. Garzoli, Arnold L. Gordon, Vladimir Kamenkovich, Dale Pillsbury, Christopher Duncombe-Rae
Journal of Marine Research
The 1992–1993 Benguela Sources and Transport (BEST) time series provide a quantitative view of the Benguela Current transport and the eddy field crossing 30S, as well as an estimate of the relation between its barotropic and baroclinic components. This is done by a simultaneous analysis of the BEST data derived from inverted echo sounders, pressure sensors, current meter moorings, CTD, and ADCP stations. The analysis of the time series indicates that the annual mean baroclinic transport of the Benguela Current is 13 Sv with a total transport of 16 Sv. Through the combination of instruments the total baroclinic plus barotropic …
Carbon Export And Regeneration In The Coastal Upwelling System Of Monterey Bay, Central California, Cynthia H. Pilskaln, Jennifer B. Paduan, Francisco P. Chavez, Roger Y. Anderson, William M. Berelson
Carbon Export And Regeneration In The Coastal Upwelling System Of Monterey Bay, Central California, Cynthia H. Pilskaln, Jennifer B. Paduan, Francisco P. Chavez, Roger Y. Anderson, William M. Berelson
Journal of Marine Research
In order to quantify the role of coastal upwelling regions as source or sink areas for carbon, the relationships between particulate organic carbon (POC) production, export, remineralization, and accumulation were examined in Monterey Bay from 1989 through 1992. During a normal upwelling year (1989–90), a high positive correlation (r = 0.91) is observed between biweekly primary production and POC export at 450 m. Primary production values range from 500 mgC m−2 d−1 during the winter, to 2600 mgC m−2 d−1 in the spring and summer upwelling months. Corresponding deep-water (450 m) POC fluxes vary from …
The Dynamics Of Benthic Nutrient Pools And Fluxes In Tropical Mangrove Forests, Daniel M. Alongi
The Dynamics Of Benthic Nutrient Pools And Fluxes In Tropical Mangrove Forests, Daniel M. Alongi
Journal of Marine Research
Variations in benthic nutrient pools and rates of dissolved nutrient exchange between the forest floor and tidal waters were examined over a 5-yr period in mixed Rhizophora forests lining Coral Creek on Hinchinbrook Island in Queensland, Australia. Seasonal and spatial changes in redox status, porewater and solid-phase nutrients, and in exchange rates were not consistent and did not correlate with temperature. Below-ground roots, on average, accounted for ≈79%, 37% and 26% of bulk sediment TOC, total N and total P pools, respectively. Porewater nutrient concentrations were dominated by Si(OH)4+ and DON with consistently low levels of NO2 …
The Effects Of Seagrass Patch Size And Energy Regime On Growth Of A Suspension-Feeding Bivalve, E. A. Irlandi
The Effects Of Seagrass Patch Size And Energy Regime On Growth Of A Suspension-Feeding Bivalve, E. A. Irlandi
Journal of Marine Research
An investigation of how the presence of seagrass and seagrass patch size in high- and low-energy environments affected growth of an infaunal bivalve (hard clam, Mercenaria mercenaria) was carried out. Two general size classes of clams were used, mean length ca. 40.0 mm (41.9 mm) and mean length ca. 20.0 mm (22.3 mm and 19.0 mm), to see if growth responses were the same for large- and small-sized clams. Seagrass density, length and species composition as well as sediment characteristics were measured at high- and low-energy sites to determine if changes in seagrass and/or sediment dynamics could explain observed …
New Similarity Solutions Of The Thermocline Equations With Vertical Variations Of Diffusion, Simon Hood
New Similarity Solutions Of The Thermocline Equations With Vertical Variations Of Diffusion, Simon Hood
Journal of Marine Research
Three new classes of exact solution of the thermocline equations are obtained through use of an ansatz based method (Clarkson and Kruskal, 1989), which is related to the older Classical Lie Group Method used by Salmon and Hollerbach (1991) to obtain exact solutions. The newer method has not previously been applied to oceanographic problems. Our results are more general than those of Salmon and Hollerbach in two distinct ways: we obtain new classes of solution not obtainable by the older method and, in addition, we determine solutions in which the vertical temperature diffusion profile is an arbitrary function of depth. …
The Eastern Boundary Of The Gulf Stream Recirculation, Paul J. Marchese, Arnold L. Gordon
The Eastern Boundary Of The Gulf Stream Recirculation, Paul J. Marchese, Arnold L. Gordon
Journal of Marine Research
A meridionally aligned thermocline front near 60W in the subtropical North Atlantic is revealed by the 1992 Trident data set. The front separates saltier thermocline water to the east from less salty water to the west. The eastern water is subjected to excess evaporation of the subtropics, while the western water is fed by lower salinity Gulf Stream water, which derives water from the wet tropical Atlantic. It is suggested that the front marks the eastern edge of the Gulf Stream recirculation cell, hence refer to it as the recirculation front. The surface layer displays a fan-like T/S scatter above …
Biogenic Matter Diagenesis On The Sea Floor: A Comparison Between Two Continental Margin Transects, William M. Berelson, Jim Mcmanus, Kenneth H. Coale, Kenneth S. Johnson, Tammy Kilgore, David Burdige, Cynthia Pilskaln
Biogenic Matter Diagenesis On The Sea Floor: A Comparison Between Two Continental Margin Transects, William M. Berelson, Jim Mcmanus, Kenneth H. Coale, Kenneth S. Johnson, Tammy Kilgore, David Burdige, Cynthia Pilskaln
Journal of Marine Research
Benthic chamber measurements of the reactants and products involved with biogenic matter diagenesis (oxygen, ammonium, nitrate, silicate, phosphate, TCO2, alkalinity) were used to define fluxes of these solutes into and out of the sediments off southern and central California. Onshore to offshore transects indicate many similarities in benthic fluxes between these regions. The pattern of benthic organic carbon oxidation as a function of water depth, combined with published sediment trap records, suggest that the supply of organic carbon from vertical rain can just meet the sedimentary carbon oxidation + burial demand for the central California region between the …
The Effects Of Differential Vertical Diffusion Of T And S In A Box Model Of Thermohaline Circulation, Ann E. Gargett, Bruno Ferron
The Effects Of Differential Vertical Diffusion Of T And S In A Box Model Of Thermohaline Circulation, Ann E. Gargett, Bruno Ferron
Journal of Marine Research
A diffusive box model, consistent with geostrophy, is proposed as an alternative to more usual advective box models of the ocean thermohaline circulation. When vertical diffusion coefficients for T and S are taken as identically equal (the normal assumption in all numerical ocean models to date), the diffusive box model exhibits both steady-state modes and time-dependent behaviors which are essentially indistinguishable from those of an advective model, under both fixed flux and mixed (T restoring) boundary conditions. The thermohaline “circulation” of the diffusive box model, however, is a combination of a convective branch and a vertical diffusive branch, involving …
Size-Dependent, Small-Scale Dispersion Of The Capitellid Polychaete, Mediomastus Ambiseta, Jeffrey Ellis Hughes
Size-Dependent, Small-Scale Dispersion Of The Capitellid Polychaete, Mediomastus Ambiseta, Jeffrey Ellis Hughes
Journal of Marine Research
Small(≈cm)-scale spatial pattern of an abundant capitellid polychaete, Mediomastus ambiseta Hartman, was investigated in sediments of central Narragansett Bay, Rhode Island, USA from fall 1988 through spring 1992. Spatial autocorrelation techniques revealed a trend of decreasing patchiness and intensity of aggregation with increasing body size of M. ambiseta during the primary period of settlement and population growth (late summer-fall). The distribution and quality of particulate organic matter may explain the observed size-dependent spatial pattern. M. ambiseta influenced the small-scale distribution and concentration of organic matter and bacteria in surficial sediment. Experiments and field studies showed that this species creates two …
Sedimentation Of Phytoplankton During A Diatom Bloom: Rates And Mechanisms, Thomas Kiorboe, Jorgen L. S. Hansen, Alice L. Alldredge, George A. Jackson, Uta Passow, Hans G. Dam, David T. Drapeau, Anya Waite, Carlos M. Garcia
Sedimentation Of Phytoplankton During A Diatom Bloom: Rates And Mechanisms, Thomas Kiorboe, Jorgen L. S. Hansen, Alice L. Alldredge, George A. Jackson, Uta Passow, Hans G. Dam, David T. Drapeau, Anya Waite, Carlos M. Garcia
Journal of Marine Research
Phytoplankton blooms are uncoupled from grazing and are normally terminated by sedimentation. There are several potential mechanisms by which phytoplankton cells may settle out of the photic zone: sinking of individual cells or chains, coagulation of cells into aggregates with high settling velocities, settling of cells attached to marine snow aggregates formed from discarded larvacean houses or pteropod feeding webs, and packaging of cells into rapidly falling zooplankton fecal pellets. We quantified the relative significance of these different mechanisms during a diatom bloom in a temperate fjord, and evaluated their potential to control phytoplankton population dynamics. Overall specific sedimentation rates …
A Key Role For Iron-Bound Phosphorus In Authigenic Apatite Formation In North Atlantic Continental Platform Sediments, Caroline P. Slomp, Eric H. G. Epping, Willem Helder, Wim Van Raaphorst
A Key Role For Iron-Bound Phosphorus In Authigenic Apatite Formation In North Atlantic Continental Platform Sediments, Caroline P. Slomp, Eric H. G. Epping, Willem Helder, Wim Van Raaphorst
Journal of Marine Research
A combination of pore water and solid phase analysis was used to determine whether authigenic carbonate fluorapatite (CFA) is currently forming in the sediment at two locations (OMEX I and II) on the North Atlantic continental platform Goban Spur (southwest of Ireland). Results of selective P extractions suggest that an early diagenetic redistribution of Fe-bound P to an authigenic P phase may be occurring at both stations. A steady-state diagenetic model describing the depth profiles of pore water HPO42− and three solid phase forms of P (organic P, Fe-bound P and authigenic P) was developed and applied to …
Modeling 210pb-Derived Mixing Activity In Ocean Margin Sediments: Diffusive Versus Nonlocal Mixing, Karline Soetaert, Peter M. J. Herman, Jack J. Middelburg, C. Heip, Henko S. Destigter, Tjeerd C. E. Van Weering, E. Epping, W. Helder
Modeling 210pb-Derived Mixing Activity In Ocean Margin Sediments: Diffusive Versus Nonlocal Mixing, Karline Soetaert, Peter M. J. Herman, Jack J. Middelburg, C. Heip, Henko S. Destigter, Tjeerd C. E. Van Weering, E. Epping, W. Helder
Journal of Marine Research
The influence of sediment mixing on activity versus depth profiles of the radionuclide 210Pb in the upper 20 cm of the sediments has been investigated along a depth transect (208 m-4500 m, 17 stations) in the OMEX study area (Goban Spur, NE Atlantic Ocean). A hierarchical family of bioturbation/nonlocal exchange models was derived. Each member of the hierarchy includes all processes of the previous model, and adds a one- or two-parameter process. The significance of the additional parameters is tested using a one-tailed F-test. It was found that (1) in five cases there is a significant improvement when …
A Wave-Induced Stirring Mechanism In The Mid-Depth Equatorial Ocean, Xianjin Li, Ping Chang, R. C. Pacanowski
A Wave-Induced Stirring Mechanism In The Mid-Depth Equatorial Ocean, Xianjin Li, Ping Chang, R. C. Pacanowski
Journal of Marine Research
A wave-induced stirring and transport mechanism for the mid-depth equatorial ocean is proposed and examined using both analytic linear equatorial wave solutions and a fully nonlinear reduced-gravity model. The study of kinematic stirring using the linear solutions suggests that a superimposition of a few simple equatorial waves can lead to strong Lagrangian stirring and transport along the equator. In particular, a combination of an annual long Rossby wave and a high-frequency Yanai wave appears to be most effective in producing strong stirring in the interior equatorial region. Further investigations of stirring properties using an inverted, fully nonlinear reduced gravity shallow-water …
Spatial Variation In Short-Term (234th) Sediment Bioturbation Intensity Along An Organic-Carbon Gradient, Robert A. Wheatcroft, William R. Martin
Spatial Variation In Short-Term (234th) Sediment Bioturbation Intensity Along An Organic-Carbon Gradient, Robert A. Wheatcroft, William R. Martin
Journal of Marine Research
Natural and human-induced spatial gradients provide a useful vehicle with which to better understand diverse marine processes. On the Palos Verdes margin (S. California), historical and ongoing waste-water discharge has created an along-shelf gradient in organic C and total N, as well as various trace metals and other pollutants (e.g., DDT). To better understand the impact of such pollution on bioturbation and to develop a more general understanding of the controlling factors of sediment bioturbation intensity, a series of stations representing severely, moderately and negligibly impacted sediments was studied. Vertical profiles of the naturally occurring radionuclide, 234Th, as well …
Sinking Particle Fluxes From The Euphotic Zone Over The Continental Slope Of An Eastern Boundary Current Region, M. A. Peña, K. L. Denman, J. R. Forbes, S. E. Calvert, R. E. Thomson
Sinking Particle Fluxes From The Euphotic Zone Over The Continental Slope Of An Eastern Boundary Current Region, M. A. Peña, K. L. Denman, J. R. Forbes, S. E. Calvert, R. E. Thomson
Journal of Marine Research
We analyze data from sediment traps and current meters moored at two locations 100 km apart over the Vancouver Island continental slope during the spring and summer of 1990. Time-series of sinking particle fluxes, major biogenic components (biogenic silica, calcium carbonate, and particulate organic carbon and nitrogen), and stable isotopic composition (δ13Corganic and δ15Ntotal) were determined on samples obtained with sequential sediment traps moored at 200–250 m depth. Associated water property data were obtained from CTD/Rosette profiles taken during trap service periods and from current meters positioned in the surface layer and near …
Buoyant Discharge On The Inner Continental Shelf: A Frontal Model, Richard W. Garvine
Buoyant Discharge On The Inner Continental Shelf: A Frontal Model, Richard W. Garvine
Journal of Marine Research
A steady state, frontal model of the arrested topographic wave type (Csanady, 1978) is developed for application to buoyant coastal discharge of large-scale and weak stratification, typically found on the inner continental shelf. The across-shore momentum balance is geostrophic, while the alongshore momentum balance includes wind stress and bottom or interfacial friction. The dynamics thus has semi-geostrophic character. No mixing dynamics is present. The model has two major purposes: first, to serve as the vehicle for a process study requiring only moderate computing resources, and second, to inquire into the general consequences of extending the original single-layer model of Csanady …
The Flow Field Off Southwest India At 8n During The Southwest Monsoon Of August 1993, Lothar Stramma, Jürgen Fischer, Friedrich Schott
The Flow Field Off Southwest India At 8n During The Southwest Monsoon Of August 1993, Lothar Stramma, Jürgen Fischer, Friedrich Schott
Journal of Marine Research
The flow field off the southwest coast of India at 8N was investigated during RV Sonne cruise 89 in August 1993 by direct velocity observations from shipboard- and lowered-ADCP and geostrophic computations from CTD stations. The upper ocean between 75E and 76°52′E near the South Indian shelf was governed by a northward flow with a subsurface velocity maximum of 25 cm s−1 at about 100 m depth. This flow, organized as a poleward undercurrent hugging the continental slope, is typical for the southwest monsoon season. The northward transport in August 1993 was 4.7 Sv (1 Sverdrup = 106 …