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In Silico Pharmacokinetic And Molecular Docking Studies Of N-Cinnamoyltetraketide Derivatives As Inhibitors Of Cyclooxygenase-2 Enzyme, Stephen S. Nyandoro, Daniel M. Shadrack, Joan J. E. Munissi, Egid B. Mubofu
In Silico Pharmacokinetic And Molecular Docking Studies Of N-Cinnamoyltetraketide Derivatives As Inhibitors Of Cyclooxygenase-2 Enzyme, Stephen S. Nyandoro, Daniel M. Shadrack, Joan J. E. Munissi, Egid B. Mubofu
Tanzania Journal of Science
Recent phytochemical analysis of Toussaintia orientalis leaves yielded series of novel bioactive N-cinnamoyltetraketide derivatives namely toussaintines A-G (t_1 - t_8) some portraying cytotoxicity against the triple negative aggressive human breast cancer cell line (MDA-MB-231) among other potencies. Despite having broad bioactivity spectrum, their general drug-likeness profiles and mode of action (simulated or actual) targeting any enzyme remains uninvestigated. In silico pharmacokinetic, drug-likeness descriptors and molecular docking of the compounds t_1-t_8 targeting inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme were evaluated. The Lipinski Rule of Five heralded the pharmacokinetic properties of the studied metabolites. The studied compounds were docked with COX-2 following already …
In Vivo Antimycobacterial Studies Of Toussaintine A-Chitosan Nanocomposites, Edward Rwegasila, Joan J.E. Munissi, Egid B. Mubofu, Stephen S. Nyandoro, Paul Erasto
In Vivo Antimycobacterial Studies Of Toussaintine A-Chitosan Nanocomposites, Edward Rwegasila, Joan J.E. Munissi, Egid B. Mubofu, Stephen S. Nyandoro, Paul Erasto
Tanzania Journal of Science
Chitosan (CS, molecular weight (MW) 20.2 kDA, stability of 210 °C and degree of deacetylation (DD) 73.31%) was obtained by deacetylation of chitin extracted from shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) shell wastes. The encapsulation of the studied bioactive natural product, toussaintine A (TA) isolated from the leaves of Toussaintia orientalis, on a chitosan-tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoformulation was attained through ionotropic gelation. Characterization of pure CS, CS/TPP and TA-CS/TPP nanocomposites was carried out by FTIR and SEM. The encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of the TA were 69.33 and 0.46%, respectively. The in vitro release kinetics established an initial release of 27% of TA …
In Vivo Antimycobacterial Studies Of Toussaintine A-Chitosan Nanocomposites, Edward Rwegasila, Joan J.E. Munissi, Egid B. Mubofu, Stephen S. Nyandoro, Paul Erasto
In Vivo Antimycobacterial Studies Of Toussaintine A-Chitosan Nanocomposites, Edward Rwegasila, Joan J.E. Munissi, Egid B. Mubofu, Stephen S. Nyandoro, Paul Erasto
Tanzania Journal of Science
Chitosan (CS, molecular weight (MW) 20.2 kDA, stability of 210 °C and degree of deacetylation (DD) 73.31%) was obtained by deacetylation of chitin extracted from shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) shell wastes. The encapsulation of the studied bioactive natural product, toussaintine A (TA) isolated from the leaves of Toussaintia orientalis, on a chitosan-tripolyphosphate (CS/TPP) nanoformulation was attained through ionotropic gelation. Characterization of pure CS, CS/TPP and TA-CS/TPP nanocomposites was carried out by FTIR and SEM. The encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of the TA were 69.33 and 0.46%, respectively. The in vitro release kinetics established an initial release of 27% of TA …
Inventory Of The Genus Craterellus Persoon From Kigoma Region, Tanzania, Donatha D Tibuhwa
Inventory Of The Genus Craterellus Persoon From Kigoma Region, Tanzania, Donatha D Tibuhwa
Tanzania Journal of Science
There is scanty knowledge on macro fungi diversity in Kigoma region. Bioprospecting survey was undertaken in Miombo woodlands, Kigoma region of Tanzania that has never been explored. The survey sought to conduct an inventory of Craterellus Persoon. Conventional taxonomic techniques were used during the survey to characterize the collected materials. Both macro and micro morphological features including basidiocarp size, colour, shape, spore size and print colour were examined. High diversity of reputed macrofungi was observed. This study presents a preliminary inventory of the genus Craterellus Persoon in the country. Three species were described; two namely Craterellus cornucopioides (Linnaeus) Persoon and …
The Power Of Coefficients And Methods Of Coding In Delimiting Species Using Phenetic Approach: The Case Of African Solanum Section Solanum Sensu Edmonds, Mkabwa Lk Manoko
The Power Of Coefficients And Methods Of Coding In Delimiting Species Using Phenetic Approach: The Case Of African Solanum Section Solanum Sensu Edmonds, Mkabwa Lk Manoko
Tanzania Journal of Science
Phenetics is one of approaches used to delimit species in plant classification. Conclusion in phenetics is based on overall similarity often of morphological data. The approach uses coded data that are analyzed using coefficients to create similarity matrices that are analyzed using clustering analysis to create the classification. Exists different similarity coefficients and coding methods though in practice are used intuitively sometimes giving results that have been challenged. Though similarity coefficients and coding methods have some times been blamed, studies to analyze their influences are limited. The trend however is to avoid morphological data in favor of DNA markers. The …
The Influence Of Agricultural Activities On The Diversity Of Rodents In Kindoroko Forest Reserve And Surrounding Areas, North Pare Mountains, Tanzania, Remmy Lema, Flora J Magige
The Influence Of Agricultural Activities On The Diversity Of Rodents In Kindoroko Forest Reserve And Surrounding Areas, North Pare Mountains, Tanzania, Remmy Lema, Flora J Magige
Tanzania Journal of Science
The patterns of richness, diversity and similarity in rodent communities in agricultural areas and in adjacent Kindoroko Forest Reserve in the North Pare Mountains, Tanzania were assessed. By using a capture-mark-recapture method, 289 individuals of nine rodent species in March and May 2011 were captured. Seven species were recorded in agricultural area and 5 species in the Forest Reserve. Multimammate Rat (Mastomys natalensis) was abundant in agricultural area while soft-furred mouse (Praomys delectorum) was dominant in the Forest Reserve. Species diversity was greater outside than inside the forest, supporting results of earlier studies. Species similarity between the two habitats was …
Distribution Patterns Of Gastrointestinal Parasites In Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus Pygerythrus) At Gombe National Park, Tanzania, Jared S. Bakuza
Distribution Patterns Of Gastrointestinal Parasites In Vervet Monkeys (Chlorocebus Pygerythrus) At Gombe National Park, Tanzania, Jared S. Bakuza
Tanzania Journal of Science
Vervet monkeys at Gombe National Park in western Tanzania constitute a key component of the park’s ecosystem through interactions with other animals and people in the area. However, the parasite fauna of these animals has not been investigated. Thus, 21 faecal samples obtained from the animals in September 2010 were examined for parasites using formol-ethyl technique. The parasites observed included Trichuris spp., Physaloptera spp., hookworms and unidentified nematodes. While egg counts for unidentified nematodes did not vary with vervet monkey communities (z = 0.759, p = 0.448), other parasites were significantly higher among vervets at north of the park near …
Assessment Of Heavy Metal And Radioactivity Levels In Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea) Grown At Bahi Wetlands In Dodoma Region, Najat K. Mohammed, Boniface Haule
Assessment Of Heavy Metal And Radioactivity Levels In Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea) Grown At Bahi Wetlands In Dodoma Region, Najat K. Mohammed, Boniface Haule
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study reports on the levels of heavy metals and radionuclides in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) grown in Bahi wetlands in Dodoma Region. The farm soil in Bahi wetland has been reported to contain elevated concentrations of 238U, 232Th and 40K due to the existence of shallow uranium deposit in the area. In this study, spinach (Spinacia oleracea) grown in three zones of Bahi district were analyzed for heavy metals and radioactivity associated with the uranium deposit in the area. The concentrations of elements were determined by Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDXRF) of Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission, Arusha. The activities of …
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity Of Extracts Of Some Plant Species Used In The Management Of Hiv/Aids In Tanzania, Cyprian Beda Mpinda, Debra Meyer, Sylvester Leonard Lyantagaye
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity Of Extracts Of Some Plant Species Used In The Management Of Hiv/Aids In Tanzania, Cyprian Beda Mpinda, Debra Meyer, Sylvester Leonard Lyantagaye
Tanzania Journal of Science
Six plants species (Harungana madagascariensis, Sapium ellipticum, Teclea nobilis, Pseudospondias microcarpa, Rauvolfia vomitoria and Psorospermum febrifugum) which are used in managing HIV/AIDS in Bukoba, Tanzania were screened for their antimicrobial effect on the selected representatives of infectious bacterial and fungal species. Gram-positive bacteria Streptococcus lactis, Gram-negative bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae and a fungus Candida albicans were tested for their sensitivity to the treatment with selected plants extracts using disc diffusion and broth dilution techniques. Extracts of S. ellipticum, P. febrifegum and P. microcarpa demonstrated growth inhibition of S. lactis with the MIC ranging from 3.2 to 100 mg/ml. The extracts of …
Occurrence Of Pathogenic Vibrio Cholerae Serogroups O1 And O139 In Some Estuaries Of Tanzania, David Temba, Lucy Namkinga, Sabrina Moyo, Thomas J. Lyimo, Charles V. Lugomela
Occurrence Of Pathogenic Vibrio Cholerae Serogroups O1 And O139 In Some Estuaries Of Tanzania, David Temba, Lucy Namkinga, Sabrina Moyo, Thomas J. Lyimo, Charles V. Lugomela
Tanzania Journal of Science
In this study, the occurrence of culturable Vibrio cholerae serogroup O1 and O139 in three selected Tanzanian Estuaries, Mzinga, Pangani and Ruvu were explored. A total of 480 water and plankton samples were collected along salinity gradients (fresh, brackish and marine waters). Samples were enriched in Alkaline Peptone Water (APW) and subsequently cultured on Thiosulfate Citrate Bile-Salt Sucrose (TCBS) agar. Resulting isolates were serially identified by oxidase test, API-20E test and monoclonal antibodies for V. cholerae serogroup O1 and O139. A total of 670 presumptive V. cholerae isolates were obtained from 416 samples (86.7%), where 137 (20.4%) were oxidase test …
Assessment Of Indoor Radon-222 Concentrations In The Vicinity Of Manyoni Uranium Deposit, Singida, Germana W Mlay, Ismael N Makundi
Assessment Of Indoor Radon-222 Concentrations In The Vicinity Of Manyoni Uranium Deposit, Singida, Germana W Mlay, Ismael N Makundi
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study aimed to assess indoor radon concentrations in the vicinity of the Manyoni Uranium Deposit in Singida. The concentrations were measured for two months in 32 houses in the vicinity of Manyoni Uranium Deposit and 9 houses at Manyoni town using a portable radon gas monitor (Alpha –GUARDTM). The radon concentrations ranged from 27±3 to 518±28 Bq/m3with the overall mean of 166±12 Bq/m3 which is above recommended values of 100 Bq/m3 and 148 Bq/m3 set by WHO (World Health Organization) and EPA (Environmental Protection Agency's), respectively. The overall mean of indoor radon concentrations from each village were Kipondoda (169±13 …
Diet Composition Of The Golden Jackal (Canis Aureus) In The Ngorongoro Crater, Tanzania, Se Temu, Cuthbert L Nahonyo, Pd Moehlman
Diet Composition Of The Golden Jackal (Canis Aureus) In The Ngorongoro Crater, Tanzania, Se Temu, Cuthbert L Nahonyo, Pd Moehlman
Tanzania Journal of Science
The Ngorongoro crater is known for having the highest density of carnivores in the world. In the past, most of the research focused on large carnivores such as lions and spotted hyenas. Medium sized carnivores such as jackals have received very little attention and the information on these carnivores including their diet composition is limited. Diet composition of golden jackal(Canis aureus) was studied in the Ngorongoro crater from July 2014 to May 2015 covering both dry and wet seasons using focal animal observation (direct method) and collection (and analysis) of faecal/scat samples from known individuals in the field (indirect method). …
The Plant Species Composition, Diversity And Natural Regeneration Of Indigenous Trees In The Disturbed Ruvu South Forest Reserve, Tanzania, Cosmas Mligo
Tanzania Journal of Science
Ruvu Forest Reserve is among coastal forests in Tanzania that has been impacted by the increased anthropogenic activities. It was determined the plant species composition, diversity and indigenous trees regeneration growth size structure in the degraded Ruvu South Forest. Transect method was used to collect data that were treated using t-test. A total of 110 plant species distributed among 38 families were recorded such that Holarrhena pubescens, Hymenocardia ulmoides, Millettia micans, Ochna mossambicensis, Pseudolachnostylis maprouneifolia and Strychnos madagascariensis were the most common trees in moderately disturbed site, whereas Albizia versicolor, Pteleopsis myrtifolia, Pterocarpus angolensis, Antiaris toxicaria, Diplorhynchus condylocarpon and Terminalia …
Similarity Coefficients Influence The Delimitation Of Species In The Genus Aloe L. (Xanthorrhoeaceae), Halima Amir, Mkabwa Manoko
Similarity Coefficients Influence The Delimitation Of Species In The Genus Aloe L. (Xanthorrhoeaceae), Halima Amir, Mkabwa Manoko
Tanzania Journal of Science
The present study was designed to establish the influence of coefficients indices in delimiting species using phenetic approach based on morphological data. Data were collected from thirty nine Aloe species described in Flora of Tropical East Africa. A total of forty two qualitative and quantitative characters were compiled from 83 specimens of aloes. Ten coefficient indices were tested. Data were analysed using UPMA approach of PAST software. The analyses confirmed that, truly coefficient of indices influenced the resulting classification. Of the 10 coefficients used only three produced 36-38 of the 39 species. Almost a third produced less than ten species-specific …
Toward Effective Partially Protected Areas In Tanzania: A Review On Experiences From Ugalla Ecosystem, Paulo Wilfred
Toward Effective Partially Protected Areas In Tanzania: A Review On Experiences From Ugalla Ecosystem, Paulo Wilfred
Tanzania Journal of Science
Tanzania is understandably concerned about the deterioration of its partially protected areas (PPAs, e.g. game controlled and open areas) due to unauthorised resource use activities. Its 2007 wildlife policy recognises that PPAs are managed as buffer zones so they provide a cushion against land use impacts on core protected areas, and support local livelihoods. Ensuring effective protection of PPAs is especially timely given the fact that Tanzania’s human population is now large and growing rapidly, with rising demand for natural resources, and that protected areas are becoming increasingly isolated. This paper draws insight from research activities in Ugalla ecosystem, western …
Application Of Regression Model To Identify A Parameter That Best Defines Species Diversity In The Coastal Forests Of Tanzania, Cosmas Mligo
Application Of Regression Model To Identify A Parameter That Best Defines Species Diversity In The Coastal Forests Of Tanzania, Cosmas Mligo
Tanzania Journal of Science
Coastal forests of Tanzania are diverse in plant species that make them included as part of the 34 world biodiversity hotspots. This study aimed atdetermining plant species diversity, richness, and evenness as well as to identify the parameter that best defines plant species diversity in the three coastal forests; namely Zaraninge, Kazimzumbwi and Pande. Transect method was used for vegetation data collection and subjected to Analysis of variance and regression techniques. The plant species composition among forests ranged between 75 and 146 with a significantly lower diversity index in Zaraninge (2.057 ± 0.112) than those in Pande (2.415 ± 0.022) …
Effect Of Habitat Fragmentation On Diversity And Abundance Of Nesting Birds In An Urban Landscape: The Case Of Mwalimu Nyerere Campus Thickets, University Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, John Shirima, Chacha Werema
Effect Of Habitat Fragmentation On Diversity And Abundance Of Nesting Birds In An Urban Landscape: The Case Of Mwalimu Nyerere Campus Thickets, University Of Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania, John Shirima, Chacha Werema
Tanzania Journal of Science
Little is known of the nesting bird species in most of urban areas of East Africa. An investigation was made of the occurrence of breeding bird species in the fragmented thickets found in the Mwalimu Nyerere Campus of the University of Dar es Salaam, in the City of Dar es Salaam. The study examined how habitat fragmentation affects nesting bird species richness and diversity in the thickets. Systematic physical nest searches of breeding birds were conducted in the fragmented thickets. Searches were conducted in transects and they included inspecting vegetation, bare ground, cavities, stream (river) banks and other suitable nesting …
Ecological Carrying Capacity Of Saanane Island Proposed National Park, Mwanza, Tanzania, Cl Nahonyo, G Sangu
Ecological Carrying Capacity Of Saanane Island Proposed National Park, Mwanza, Tanzania, Cl Nahonyo, G Sangu
Tanzania Journal of Science
The study on ecological carrying capacity of Saanane Island aimed at assessing stocking capacity of the island to provide guidance to the introduction of animals to enhance its ecological value and tourism potential. To evaluate the ecological carrying capacity of the Island, wet and dry season data were collected in 2014 for woody, herbaceous and grass species using PCQ and quadrat methods Wet and dry weights biomass of the forage material was measured to determine dry matter content and are presented as dry weight biomass. Total productivity was 4,280 kg/ha dry weight in wet season which increased to 7,965 kg/ha …
Cytotoxicity, Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activities Of Boletus Bicolor, A Basidiomycetes Mushroom Indigenous To Tanzania, Donatha Tibuhwa
Cytotoxicity, Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activities Of Boletus Bicolor, A Basidiomycetes Mushroom Indigenous To Tanzania, Donatha Tibuhwa
Tanzania Journal of Science
Boletus bicolor commonly known as coloured bolete is a basidiomyctes mushroom species widely used as a delicacy and its extract has been used traditionally to treat several human ailments in Tanzania. This study evaluates its extracts in order to provide a scientific foundation on the possible application in folk medicine system based on the biochemical evaluation. Standard microbes Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans were used to test, the antifungal and antibacterial activity. Cytotoxicity test was also done on the extracts using brine shrimp test. Besides, the extracts were also used to investigate for antioxidant activity using DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical). …
A Comparative Study Of Species Diversity Of Migrant Birds Between Protected And Unprotected Areas Of The Hadejia-Nguru Wetlands, Nigeria, As Ringim, Fj Magige, Rm Jasson
A Comparative Study Of Species Diversity Of Migrant Birds Between Protected And Unprotected Areas Of The Hadejia-Nguru Wetlands, Nigeria, As Ringim, Fj Magige, Rm Jasson
Tanzania Journal of Science
Among the most complex and fascinating behaviour in birds is their long, non-stop migration. Despite Hadejia-Nguru Wetlands (Ramsar site) being an important wintering ground for migratory birds, little is known about the diversity while density is completely lacking. This study assessed the status of migratory birds in the wetland’s Protected Areas (PAs) and Unprotected Areas (UPAs). A total of 99 census points spaced 400 m apart with radius of 100 m were surveyed from 14 wetlands (48 point count stations in the PAs and 51 in the UPAs). A total of 54 migrant bird species belonging to 13 orders and …
Effect Of Natural Blue-Green Algal Cells Lysis On Freshwater Quality, Kessy Kilulya, Titus Msagati, Bhekie Mamba
Effect Of Natural Blue-Green Algal Cells Lysis On Freshwater Quality, Kessy Kilulya, Titus Msagati, Bhekie Mamba
Tanzania Journal of Science
Blue-green algae grow in freshwater bodies when they are provided with suitable factors such as nutrients and appropriate weather conditions. Their cell lysis occurs naturally when they encounter unfavourable conditions. This study reports on the types and amounts of fatty acids added into freshwater due to the algal cell lysis. The investigation on the amount of fatty acids released into water due to algal cells lysis was performed by placing samples in two compartments, one with no light allowing the algae cells to die while the other compartment was kept in favourable conditions enough to sustain the life of algae. …
Naturally Occurring Mellein-Type 3,4-Dihydroisocoumarins And Related Lactones: Synthetic Approaches - A Review, Stephen Jm Mdachi
Naturally Occurring Mellein-Type 3,4-Dihydroisocoumarins And Related Lactones: Synthetic Approaches - A Review, Stephen Jm Mdachi
Tanzania Journal of Science
Mellein and its derivatives are the most common 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins and are known to exhibit an array of biological activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, antiallergic, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, pheromonal, plant growth-promoting and antileukemic activities. Other mellein derivatives are recognized phytotoxins, neurotoxins, hepatotoxins, nephrotoxins and teratogens. Consequently, considerable efforts have been directed at studying these natural products. While most of the reported studies have focused on the isolation, characterization and bioassay studies of melleins, a number of synthetic studies have also been reported. This paper focuses on synthetic approaches towards these biologically active and, thus, potentially useful natural products. The aim …
Identification Of Tanzanian Saprophytic Edible Mushrooms By Amplification And Sequencing Of Its/Lsu Regions Of Ribosomal Rna Operon, Ibrahim Juma, Anthony Manoni Mshandete, Donatha Damiani Tibuhwa, Amelia Kajumulo Kivaisi
Identification Of Tanzanian Saprophytic Edible Mushrooms By Amplification And Sequencing Of Its/Lsu Regions Of Ribosomal Rna Operon, Ibrahim Juma, Anthony Manoni Mshandete, Donatha Damiani Tibuhwa, Amelia Kajumulo Kivaisi
Tanzania Journal of Science
In this study, ten wild saprophytic edible mushrooms samples, collected from Tanzania natural forests and planted trees, and their two domesticated forms were characterized by in-vitro/in-vivo amplification and sequencing of ITS/LSU regions. Mushroom genomic DNA was extracted by ZR Fungal/Bacterial DNA MniPrep Kit. ITS and LSU regions were amplified using ITS-4/ITS-5 and LR16/LROR primers, respectively and sequenced. The amplicons with messy sequences were cloned. For analyzing recombinant E. coli DH5α cells, colony PCR and sequencing were done using M13-F/M13-R primers. The studied mushrooms were identified as Amylosporus sp. IJ-2014, Polyporales sp., Polyporus tenuiculus, Pleurotus cystidiosus, Laetiporus sp. IJ-2014, Lentinus sajor-caju, …
Spread Of Tylodelphys Mashonense (Digenea: Diplostomidae) By Grey Heron Ardea Cinerea And Great White Egret A. Alba In Lake Victoria, Tanzania, Fred D. Chibwana, Gamba Nkwengulila
Spread Of Tylodelphys Mashonense (Digenea: Diplostomidae) By Grey Heron Ardea Cinerea And Great White Egret A. Alba In Lake Victoria, Tanzania, Fred D. Chibwana, Gamba Nkwengulila
Tanzania Journal of Science
Despite the fact that Tylodelphys mashonense, parasites of the cranial cavity of the catfish Clarias gariepinus, are ubiquitous in freshwater systems, little is known on their spread. As such, we examined a total of 152 piscivorous birds, belonging to 6 species; 43 great cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo, 33 grey heron Ardea cinerea, 26 hamerkop Scopus umbretta, 22 great white egret Ardea alba, 15 marabou stork Leptoptilos crumeniferus and 13 pied kingfisher Ceryle rudis foraging in the Lake Victoria. Out of the six bird species only A. cinerea and A. alba were found infected by T. mashonense with prevalence of 42.4% and …
Variation Of Small Mammal Populations Across Different Habitat Types In The Serengeti Ecosystem, Flora J Magige
Variation Of Small Mammal Populations Across Different Habitat Types In The Serengeti Ecosystem, Flora J Magige
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study investigated the abundance and diversity of small mammals in cultivated land (unprotected area) and wooded grassland in the Serengeti National Park (protected area) in the Serengeti ecosystem. Small mammal populations were sampled through capture-mark-recapture trapping techniques in March-April 2010. A total of 896 trap nights covering wet season, 9 species of rodents and 1 species of soricomorphs (shrew family) were captured. Overall, Multimammate rat Mastomys natalensis (Smith) was by far the most abundant rodent in cultivated land (28%) while inside the park, shrew Crocidura sp., was high in numbers (8%). A significantly higher abundance (trap success) of small …
Ligninolytic Enzymes Of The Fungus Isolated From Soil Contaminated With Cow Dung, Rose J. Masalu
Ligninolytic Enzymes Of The Fungus Isolated From Soil Contaminated With Cow Dung, Rose J. Masalu
Tanzania Journal of Science
Lignin is the complex polymer and very few microorganisms are able to degrade it. The study aimed at isolating lignin degrading fungi from soil contaminated with cow dung using ligninolytic screening media. The study was able to isolate one ligninolytic fungus by using lignin media. The strain was screened for production of ligninolytic enzymes using Rhemazol Brilliant blue R (RBBR) dye, 2,2-azino-bis (3- ethylbenzthiazoline)-6-sulfonate (ABTS) and guaiacol in a semi-solid medium. The isolate decolourized RBBR dye, ABTS and guaiacol in a semi solid media. The strain was further tested for lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and laccase (Lac) enzymatic …
Exploring Differences Among Illegal Activities In The Ugalla Game Reserve Of Western Tanzania, Paulo Wilfred
Exploring Differences Among Illegal Activities In The Ugalla Game Reserve Of Western Tanzania, Paulo Wilfred
Tanzania Journal of Science
Conservation efforts in Tanzania rarely assess the extent to which different resource user activities are related. This study aimed to explore the differences among various illegal activities occurring in Ugalla Game Reserve, western Tanzania. The study used a combination of ranger–collected data, from 2003 to 2010, and foot surveys of illegal activity signs in the reserve. Illegal activity signs were recorded for five different types of offence: illegal fishing, bushmeat hunting, illegal logging, other activity (any sign that indicated any other type of unauthorised user presence) and honey gathering. The most frequent activity was logging (602 signs; 58% of offenders …
Traditional Medicinal Uses Of Small Mammal Products: A Case Study Of The African Savannah Hares, Crested Porcupines And Rock Hyraxes In Serengeti District, Tanzania, Flora John Magige
Traditional Medicinal Uses Of Small Mammal Products: A Case Study Of The African Savannah Hares, Crested Porcupines And Rock Hyraxes In Serengeti District, Tanzania, Flora John Magige
Tanzania Journal of Science
Traditional medicines, both plant and animal products, have been used to cure various diseases since time immemorial especially in rural areas worldwide. Many studies have focused on traditional plant products, but little research has been conducted on animal traditional medicines. This study investigated the use of small mammal products for medicinal purposes in three villages bordering Serengeti National Park in Serengeti District, Tanzania. A total of 71 respondents were interviewed in Kisangura, Nyamburi and Machochwe villages in November 2010, using questionnaires. Villagers hunted small mammals mainly by dogs for cultural and ornamental reasons. Products of African savannah hare (Lepus microtis), …
Determination Of Radioactivity In Maize And Mung Beans Grown In The Neighborhood Of Minjingu Phosphate Mine, Tanzania, Leonid L. Nkuba, Najat K. Mohammed
Determination Of Radioactivity In Maize And Mung Beans Grown In The Neighborhood Of Minjingu Phosphate Mine, Tanzania, Leonid L. Nkuba, Najat K. Mohammed
Tanzania Journal of Science
Two staple foods (maize and mung beans) which were cultivated in Minjingu village, where there are phosphate deposits in Tanzania, were collected directly from the farms. The activity concentrations of 226Ra, 228Th and 40K were determined in the maize and mung beans samples using γ-ray spectrometry employing HPGe detector of relative efficiency of 51.0%. The mean radioactivity levels in the food samples were found to be 21.01 ± 0.8 Bq/kg (mung beans), 25.6 ± 0.7 Bq/kg (maize) for 226Ra, 62.6 ± 1.1 Bq/kg (mung beans), 72.9 ± 1.0 Bq/kg (maize) for 228Th and 542.9 ± 8.6 Bq/kg (mung beans), 434.6 …
Determination Of Radon Gas And Respirable Ore Dust Concentrations In The Underground Merelani Tanzanite Mines, Evarist M. Kahuluda, Ismael N. Makundi
Determination Of Radon Gas And Respirable Ore Dust Concentrations In The Underground Merelani Tanzanite Mines, Evarist M. Kahuluda, Ismael N. Makundi
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study has estimated the concentrations of radon gas and respirable ore dust in the Merelani underground tanzanite mines. Two different portable monitors were used to measure the radon gas and respirable ore dust concentrations, respectively. The mean radon gas concentrations (disintegrations per second per cubic meter) ranged from 40.1 Bq/m3 to 4.2 x 103 Bq/m3 with the geometric mean of 118.4 Bq/m3 which is below the ICRP workplace guidance level of 500 - 1500 Bq/m3. The estimated mean annual effective dose (D) was 1.6 mSv which is significantly lower than the external exposure annual effective dose of 20 mSv …