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The Jefferson-D’Hondt Method And Majorization, Stanley Chang

The Mathematics Enthusiast

This article investigates the interplay between apportionment functions and order-theoretic structures on population and allocation vectors. We define a class of functions, called apportionment maps, that respect population monotonicity, house monotonicity, and size monotonicity. A central focus is placed on the preservation or violation of majorization under these functions, with particular attention to the Jefferson method and related divisor schemes. By applying tools from convex analysis and the theory of Schur-convex functions, we characterize the extent to which fairness criteria are preserved under apportionment.

Standard Monomials For Positroid Varieties, Ayah Almousa, Shiliang Gao, Daoji Huang

Mathematics Faculty Publications

We give an explicit characterization of the standard monomials for positroid varieties with respect to the Hodge degeneration and give a Gröbner basis. Furthermore, we show that promotion and evacuation biject standard monomials of a positroid variety with those of its cyclic shifts and w₀-reflection, respectively. The connection to promotion allows us to identify standard monomials of a positroid variety with Lam's cyclic Demazure crystal. Using a recurrence on the Hilbert series, we give an inductive formula for the character of cyclic Demazure modules.

Enhancing Programming Productivity For Individuals With Adhd Through Generative Artificial Intelligence: An Inductive Analysis, Lionel Mew

School of Professional and Continuing Studies Faculty Publications

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) significantly impacts computer programmers through challenges in sustained attention, executive functioning, and organizational skills. While traditional intervention strategies have shown varying degrees of success, the emergence of generative artificial intelligence (AI) presents novel opportunities to address ADHD-related programming challenges. This paper presents an inductive analysis synthesizing current research on ADHD's effects on programming, traditional productivity enhancement techniques, and the potential of generative AI tools. Through examination of recent literature and field studies, we propose that generative AI can serve as a transformative intervention by providing personalized cognitive support, reducing executive function demands, and enhancing code generation efficiency. …

Noncoding Rna Transcripts Based Molecular Phenotyping Of Masld And Mash Patients, Frida M. Delgadillo, Karla Perez, Barbara Yang, Subramanian Dhandayuthapani, Murali Yallapu, Subhash C. Chauhan, Enrique I. Ramos, Shrikanth S. Gadad

School of Medicine Publications

Background and aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a progressive hepatic metabolic disorder characterized by excessive fat accumulation in hepatocytes. MASLD can advance to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). These conditions often lead to hepatic fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) if not timely diagnosed and managed; thus, molecular phenotyping of MASLD and MASH conditions is highly desirable. The analyses were performed to identify distinct, differentially expressed genes, particularly noncoding ones, in MASLD and MASH patient samples, thereby expanding diagnostic and therapeutic options.

Methods: We extracted the data from a recent transcriptomic study by Govaere et al. on MASLD …

Bridging Data Gaps In Retinal Imaging: From Structural Domain Adaptation To Topology-Aware Synthesis, Gözde Merve Demirci

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Comprehensive visualization of the retina is essential for diagnosing and monitoring blinding diseases such as Diabetic Retinopathy and Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP), where pathological changes often extend beyond a single field of view. Despite significant advances in automated retinal image analysis, clinical deployment remains limited by two fundamental data gaps: a structural learning gap, arising from scarce expert annotations and poor generalization across imaging domains, and a spatial coverage gap, caused by the difficulty of acquiring multi-view retinal images in fragile populations. Although these challenges are often addressed independently, this dissertation argues that they are tightly coupled: accurate, …

Allyship And Affect: Qualitative Investigations Into Social Transformation, Michael Lucinda Jane Greer

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Allies have faced several critiques in feminist philosophy. Some have argued that they lack the requisite political interests to be motivated to dismantle the social structures from which they stand to benefit. Others have argued that the epistemic limitations resulting from their social privilege are insurmountable. Yet others have argued that allyship is too individualistic a concept, preferring a more collectivist concept like solidarity. However, there remain privileged individuals who understand themselves as complicit in perpetuating oppressive forms of life, and who wish to transform themselves and work in coalition across difference to dismantle structural oppression. How ought these individuals …

Distinguishing Between Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder And Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: The Role Of Childhood Maltreatment, Catherine Harris

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The current study examined whether court-substantiated childhood maltreatment may be associated with increased risk for Complex PTSD (CPTSD) and whether individuals with CPTSD and individuals with PTSD could be distinguished in terms of complex trauma exposure. Children with documented cases of abuse and neglect prior to age 11 were matched on age, race, sex, and approximate family socioeconomic status with children without documented histories of maltreatment (controls) and both groups were followed prospectively into adulthood. Participants (N = 1,196) were assessed using a DSM-III-R based structured interview of PTSD symptoms and other self-report measures of psychiatric symptoms at mean age …

Intimate Partner Violence And Emotion Regulation Among Emerging Adults: Investigating The Roles Of Dispositional Mindfulness And Executive Function In The Context Of A Laboratory-Induced Stress Paradigm, Mikell Bursky

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a major public health concern that impacts an estimated 10 million men and women in the United States annually. IPV refers to a range of physical, sexual or psychological forms of aggression committed against a current or former romantic partner in the context of a relationship. The highest rates of IPV are observed in emerging adulthood, a developmental period between the ages of 18 to 25 that is significant for the transition from adolescence into adulthood, and the establishment of first meaningful intimate relationships. Although distal risk factors for IPV such as violence in the …

Teaching Third Graders To Read Multisyllable Words: Segmentation Versus Whole Word Reading, Jolie D. Heath

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

In the early years of elementary school when children are still learning to read, they are presented with words of increased syllable length, and orthographic and morphological complexity in the texts they read.  Although multisyllabic words comprise 90% of words in the English lexicon and carry important linguistic information for expanding vocabularies and comprehension of content, few studies have focused on teaching middle elementary children to read multisyllabic words.  Many children lack strategies to identify these longer more complex words accurately and easily, leading to reading difficulties that place weaker readers at higher risk for school related problems and limit …

Social And Structural Factors In The Development Of Baltimore's Low Back Vowels, Aidan J. Malanoski

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation is concerned with the low back vowels of Baltimore English: what low back systems occur, and how these systems have changed among Black and white Baltimoreans. I draw on two sources of data: 48 interviews that I conducted with natives of Baltimore and its inner suburbs, and 18 oral history interviews that were conducted from 1978 to 1981. In Chapter 3, I argue for the inclusion of the pre-rhotic sets START and NORTH in typologies of English low back vowels. With these sets included, several previously unattested low back systems are found in Baltimore. These are united by …

Social Media-Based Social Comparisons Among Socially Anxious Young Adults: The Role Of Cognitive Reappraisal, Jennifer L. De Rutte

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Social media is a central context for social interaction and self-evaluation among young adults. For those with elevated social anxiety, these environments may be especially salient because they provide frequent opportunities for social comparison. Although upward social comparison on social media has been linked to poorer emotional outcomes, less is known about its experimental effects among socially anxious young adults or whether upward and downward comparison have distinct effects that extend to later socially evaluative situations. The present study examined these questions in 84 socially anxious young adults randomly assigned to view simulated Instagram feeds eliciting upward comparison, downward comparison, …

Potential Energy Landscape Formalism For Quantum Liquids, Yang Zhou

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Atomic delocalization due to nuclear quantum effects (NQE) remains poorly understood in low-temperature liquids near the glass state and during vitrification. Many liquids can be described accurately by treating their nuclei as classical particles, but this approximation fails for light elements such as He and H₂, small hydrogen-containing molecules such as water, and systems in which zero-point motion or isotope-substitution effects are important. Developing a general thermodynamic and statistical-mechanical description of such liquids has been challenging. This dissertation extends the potential energy landscape (PEL) formalism, originally developed for classical liquids and glasses, to liquids that obey quantum mechanics and exhibit …

Dancing In Circles: Bon Dance As Performance Of The Past, Travis Robb Kim

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This capstone project traces the contours of the Japanese folk dance tradition of Bon Dance in Hawaiʻi through the nuances of public scholarship, diaspora, and racial capitalism by producing an original play which aims to perform the knowledge and praxis which the performance ritual puts forward. Treating Bon Dance as muse, the original play examines the necessity of turning to the past in order to disrupt a future made inevitable by oppressive systems; a fiction that comments on and critiques the predictive and generative technologies that have embedded themselves into society at large. Through intertwining conversations that explore prophecy and …

"Is This America?" Fannie Lou Hamer, Humanity, Citizenship And The Struggle For Inclusive Democracy, Rhonda Chambers

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This thesis examines the life, political rhetoric, and enduring legacy of Fannie Lou Hamer, focusing on how her lived experiences under Jim Crow shaped the development of a distinctive political voice grounded in dignity, moral conviction, and democratic struggle.  Born into a Mississippi sharecropping family and denied the educational and political opportunities afforded to white Americans, Hamer developed an understanding of injustice through the realities of racial and economic oppression. Her experience with segregation, voter suppression, violence, and the Black church became central to the way she understood citizenship and was able to articulate the demands of freedom.

Through an …

Mapping The Water Quality Of Jamaica Bay, New York (1996-2024): Principal Component Analysis And K-Means Clustering, Sneha Srivastava

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Jamaica Bay, located along the southeastern coast of New York City, acts as a biodiverse estuary of wetlands, meadows, and salt marsh islands. The purpose of this study is to analyze the water quality conditions of the region over time, comparing locations around the bay to identify hyperlocal features that influence larger trends in the hydrological system. Ten variables were used as water quality indicators, including total Kjeldahl nitrogen, salinity, pH, Secchi disk depth, and total phosphorus, among others, across five stations in the bay, between 1994 and 2024. After data cleaning and standardization methods were applied, principal component analysis …

Optimizing Nanoparticle Quality And Function In Applied Research, Angela M. Fried

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Radiology tests are among the fastest-growing categories of diagnostic analysis, and the gold standard of radiology tests is MRI.  MRI can be more informative if a contrast agent is used, and the standard of care contrasting agents (CA) are gadolinium-based.  Gadolinium is a heavy metal, toxic, and contraindicated for renal-compromised patients and the critically ill.  We propose a nanogel (NG) vehicle for an alternative organic CA.  CNs like 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (TEMPOL) and its derivatives have a variety of medical and industrial uses.  These cyclic CNs are stable, synthetic radicals with distinctive EPR/ESR signals and are helpful for various experimental applications, from …

Analyzing Harmony In Bulgarian And Bulgarian-Influenced Choral Arrangements From The Radio To The Screen, Annie Beliveau

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation investigates developments in arrangements and compositions made for Bulgarian choirs between 1950 and 2025. Arrangements from Bulgaria’s communist period (1944-1989), when musical radio broadcasts were tailored to promote nationalist sentiment, eventually reached the ears of foreigners on the other side of the Iron Curtain via recordings and ensemble tours. These obrabotki (arrangements of folk tunes) became popular in the “world music” boom of the 1980s, and foreign composers soon began to create new compositions for Bulgarian choirs to sing on albums and in scores for film, television, and video games. Over time, the uses of Bulgarian choir in …

Retrieval Information From Working Memory: The Output Gating Framework Perspective And Its Underlying Processes, Chen Tiferet-Dweck

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Working memory (WM) keeps information accessible and available for further processing. However, not all the information we maintain in WM is behaviorally relevant at any given moment. To act effectively, we must dynamically control which memory representations are accessed to support ongoing goal-directed behavior. While the mechanisms underlying the selection of single items from WM access are comparatively well-studied, less is known about the principles governing multi-item access. Existing models of WM access imply that selecting multiple items should take longer and be more error-prone than single-item access. Yet, paradoxically, prior studies have shown that retrieving all items in WM …

Urban Counterpoint (1992–2003): The Piano Music Of Ed Bland, Joseph Vaz

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation analyzes the piano music of Ed Bland, a politically and philosophically vocal composer active in the second half of the twentieth century, whose music draws on both the European and American twentieth-century avant-garde, and on African American vernacular music genres from ragtime to hip-hop. A review of the historical and personal context for these pieces, and a detailed examination of the compositional processes used in this music, work together to demonstrate how Bland thought about the relationship between different musical genres and languages.

Through this combination of theory of musical genre, historical and biographical study, and detailed analysis …

Investigating The Role Of Striatal Cholinergic Interneuron D2 Receptors In Behavioral Flexibility, Janyn J. Alfred

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Dopamine (DA) and acetylcholine (ACh) interact within the striatum to shape reward-based learning and choice behavior. DA D2 receptors on cholinergic interneurons (CIN D2Rs) were genetically knocked out to investigate their role in choice allocation using a two-lever matching paradigm. Behaviorally, both knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice learned the initial task equally well. When shifted to asymmetric matching schedules (VI-90 vs. VI-180), ideal matching predicts that mice should allocate exactly 67% of their total responses to the rich lever. Neither group matched as predicted by the matching law. Instead, the KO mice showed a pattern where the higher rate …

Individual Intellectual Humility As A Predictor Of Perceived Information Sharing And Perceived Shared Leadership, Mary Beth Schroeder

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Cross-functional problem-solving teams are often assembled to address complex challenges by combining members’ distinct knowledge, ideas, and leadership capabilities. Yet teams do not always capitalize on these collective resources, because team members do not share the information they uniquely possess. This tendency to withhold information may be lessened by intellectually humility, a personality trait marked by a desire to close gaps in one’s knowledge and openness to what others contribute.

This study was originally designed to examine whether team intellectual humility relates to team creativity through information sharing and shared leadership. However, because of changes in the leadership development program …

The Bridwell Quill, April-September, Issues 92–97, Anthony Elia

Bridwell Library Publications

No abstract provided.

Energy Conservation In Mri: Sequence Selection And Operational Strategies, Nathan Scherer, Felicia Wang, Andrew L Chang, Mariam Malik, Anna Schroeder, Heather Craig, Benjamin E Northrup

2020-Current year OA Pubs

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The healthcare system accounts for approximately 9.8% of the United States' (U.S.) greenhouse gas emissions, much of which is due to imaging, particularly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study investigates the components of MRI energy consumption and compares sequences that may be interchangeable in clinical practice. Although the greatest potential for decreasing energy expenditure lies in reduction of inappropriate imaging and optimizing energy consumption of idle MRI equipment, sequence substitution offers an underexplored solution that can potentially be implemented without changing practice patterns or capital expenditure.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: MRI energy expenditure of one machine was monitored …

Implementation Brief 3 Classroom Brightspots, Center On English Language Proficiency

Resources

No abstract provided.

Implementation Brief 4 Sea And Lea Brightspots, Center On English Language Proficiency

Resources

No abstract provided.

The Definitive Assessment Playbook: Tips And Tools For Educators Of Multilingual Learners, Margo Gottlieb

Resources

The Definitive Assessment Playbook: Tips and Tools for Educators of Multilingual Learners is a practical, evidence-based guide designed to humanize classroom assessment and elevate the agency of all assessment players. Grounded in the Science of Teaching and Learning and structured around twelve Focused Assessment Principles, the Playbook translates research into actionable practices, tools, and reflection opportunities for classroom, school, district, and community learning ecologies. Practical tips, tools, reflection templates, and inquiry frameworks support assessment players in applying these principles to build fair, balanced, learning-centered, and sustainable assessment systems for multilingual learners.

The Playbook includes five sections organized around major themes: …

The Library Papers (Vol. 2, Issue 1, September 2026), Wolf Law Library, William & Mary Law School

Library Newsletter

No abstract provided.

The American Society Of Extracorporeal Technology Standards And Guidelines For Pediatric And Congenital Perfusion Practice: 2025 Update☆., Molly Elisabeth Oldeen, Carrie Whittaker Striker, Ronald Angona, Dafne Andrea Chianella, Chelsea Capone, Ashley B Walczak, Thomas Klein

Heart and Vascular Articles

Background: In 2019, the American Society of ExtraCorporeal Technology (AmSECT) approved the inaugural Standards and Guidelines for Pediatric and Congenital Perfusion Practice. These standards and guidelines were created with the intent of periodic revision to ensure continued alignment with evolving best practices. In 2023, an AmSECT subcommittee initiated this review in consideration of current literature and contemporary clinical practices.

Methods: The subcommittee, consisting of pediatric and congenital perfusionists, conducted a systematic literature review assessing each standard and guideline to determine if current evidence supports elevation of guidelines to standards, incorporation of new guidelines or standards, or whether existing standards and …

Cover And Contents

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

No abstract provided.

Generalized Spectral Bound For Quasi-Twisted Codes, Buket Özkaya

Turkish Journal of Mathematics

Minimum distance bounds play a central role in the analysis of algebraic codes. For cyclic and constacyclic codes, several bounds based on their zero set have been developed. However, analogous results for quasi-twisted (QT) codes are comparatively limited. In this paper, we further investigate the spectral theory of QT codes and derive a general spectral bound on their minimum distance. Our bound unifies and generalizes previously known spectral bounds for quasi-cyclic (QC) and QT codes, and contains them as special cases. We present a new proof technique and show that the bound can be formulated with respect to an arbitrary …