Digital Commons Network^™

Approximate Decryption In Homomorphic Division And Privacy Impact, Ameerah Alsulami, Marius Silaghi

Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications

The result of a computation over secret inputs inherently reveals some information about those inputs; such semantic leakage is unavoidable. The challenge is to ensure that the computation method does not introduce additional, avoidable disclosure beyond what is implied by the output itself. This issue is particularly critical in privacy-preserving machine learning and cloud-based data processing, where homomorphic encryption enables computation over encrypted data but often relies on practical approximations. Division-enabled homomorphic encryption schemes based on rational encodings preserve arithmetic correctness, but their decrypted outputs may retain sufficient algebraic structure to enable inference of the original operands, creating representation-induced leakage. …

Mapping Functional Connectivity In The Pigeon Brain With Wide-Field Optical Imaging, Kathryn C Chenard, Annie R Bice, Seana H Bice, Joseph P Culver, Paula Gerliz, Xavier Helluy, Onur Güntürkün, Jason W Trobaugh, Mehdi Behroozi, Carlos A Botero

2020-Current year OA Pubs

SIGNIFICANCE: Adapting optical imaging technology to avian models can overcome many limitations imposed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which currently restricts the number of species used to study functional connectivity. Developing advanced technology to expand the diversity of species that can be effectively imaged is crucial for addressing significant questions that are currently unreachable, such as understanding the evolution of cognition from a comparative perspective.

AIM: We assessed the potential of optical imaging technology to measure functional connectivity in birds, utilizing pigeons as an avian model. We evaluated whether we could partition the dorsal surface of the pigeon brain …

Plan De Comunicación Para La Internacionalización De Loreak Mendian, María Teresa De Donesteve Luengo

Grado en Gestión y Comunicación de la Moda

El presente Trabajo de Fin de Grado analiza la viabilidad y el potencial estratégico que tiene la marca Loreak Mendian para internacionalizarse en el mercado surcoreano. El proyecto defiende que el storytelling y la identidad de una marca pueden generar interés y valor en un mercado con tantas diferencias tanto culturales como digitales. La investigación se ha llevado a cabo a través de un enfoque metodológico mixto, es decir, cuantitativo y cualitativo. En cuanto a lo cuantitativo se destacan el uso de informes como BoF, McKinsey, Vogue Business y WGSN. Por otro lado, en cuanto a lo cualitativo se destaca …

Style Bloom, Ana Ramos Quesada

Grado en Gestión y Comunicación de la Moda

Actualmente, el estilismo es un servicio socialmente percibido como inalcanzable para personas con un presupuesto limitado. Por ello, este proyecto, denominado Style Bloom, tiene como objetivo crear una plataforma de estilismo online accesible, capaz de ofrecer un asesoramiento personalizado que rompa con la creencia por parte de este grupo social de que el estilismo es un servicio únicamente dirigido a personas con gran poder adquisitivo. Esta creencia popular de que el estilismo es un servicio exclusivo dirigido a una parte concreta de la población, hace que surja una necesidad y un deseo por parte de personas con menor poder adquisitivo …

Frame & Fabric, Laura Del Moral Alcázar

Grado en Gestión y Comunicación de la Moda

Este TFG propone el desarrollo de un libro autoeditado que explore la relación entre moda y cine entendida como un sistema coherente de producción de imágenes, donde el vestuario actúa como lenguaje narrativo, archivo histórico e instrumento de construcción de identidad. A partir de una revisión teórica sobre moda como sistema de significados, el papel del vestuario en la dramaturgia audiovisual y la circulación de iconos estéticos en medios y redes, el proyecto analiza también el contexto del mercado editorial especializado, la edición independiente y las nuevas formas de consumo de cultura visual, así como la segmentación de un público …

Ortiga Studio, Pepa De Oya Thams

Grado en Gestión y Comunicación de la Moda

En un mundo lleno de estímulos, creaciones y novedades constantes, sorprender y emocionar al consumidor es cada vez más complejo. El valor de una prenda ya no se rige únicamente por su estética; debe encerrar una inspiración profunda, un recuerdo, una tradición, una emoción, consiguiendo explotar la capacidad de expresión personal de esta. Sin embargo, las personas con identidades complejas y estilos atrevidos se enfrentan a dificultades para encontrar piezas únicas que reflejen su personalidad, debido a la falta de innovación y creatividad en la moda convencional. A partir de esta necesidad nace Ortiga Studio, un emprendimiento de moda dirigido …

A Preliminary Investigation Of Research Collaboration Through Scientific Paper Co-Authorship In The Gulf Of Mexico, Juliet Vallejo, Evelyn Roozee, Dongkyu Kim, Andrew M. Song, Christopher A. Gabler, Jasper R. De Vries, Antonia Sohns, Gordon M. Hickey, Owen Temby

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

It is well known that publications with collaborators from external institutions increase citations. This effect scales with spatial distance. There are also many barriers to long-distance collaborations, including linguistic differences, funding constraints, and the incremental costs of remote collaboration. This paper uses the Gulf of Mexico as a case study to examine long-distance research collaboration because it consists of three countries with diverse development levels and two prominent diplomatic languages, within a singular regional ecosystem of tremendous natural and economic value. This paper uses bibliometric network analysis to examine scientific research article co-authorship in the Gulf of Mexico from 2000 …

Promises Fulfilled: 114-Year-Old Alelia Murphy’S Life Of Faith And Resilience, Jacqueline B. Koonce

Bilingual and Literacy Studies Faculty Publications

Alelia Murphy was the oldest living person in the United States, turning 114 in July 2019 until her death in November 2019. She and her family credit her longevity to her faith in God. This premise is explored through her words as she stated she had not seen everyone she needed to see and compared that statement to Simeon from the Bible who did not die until he saw the Messiah. Alelia Murphy also had not seen everything. She was seeing the relative success of her much admired, former President Barack Obama, and she had just met me, her great …

Comparison Of Groundwater Ownership Regimes In Ten Jurisdictions Across Five Continents, Gabriel Eckstein, Theo Buchler, Caleb Cook, Heping Dang, Robyn Stein, Stefano Burchi, Gabriela Cuadrado Quesada, Juan Pablo Galeano, Eric Garner, Amy Hardberger, Imad Antoine Ibrahim, Oudi Kgomongwe

Faculty Scholarship

The regulation of groundwater remains underdeveloped globally and often lags behind the domestic governance of surface water. As a result, groundwater is often subject to unfettered extraction, uses, and contamination. A clear understanding of ownership is central to the success of domestic regulations. However, the types of ownership regime in place in nations around the world are poorly documented in the academic literature. This study addresses that gap through a comparative analysis of domestic groundwater ownership regimes across ten jurisdictions in nine countries spanning five continents. It identifies three dominant models of groundwater ownership: private ownership, public ownership, and non-ownership …

Moral Progress In Legal Doctrine, Philip Petrov

Faculty Scholarship

This article integrates the concept of moral progress – here, moral improvement in the thinking and behavior of individuals over time – into the study of legal doctrine. The article first presents a naturalistic account of what moral progress is and describes three of its most historically and analytically important forms: (1) moral circle expansion, (2) moral domain expansion, and (3) increasing sensitivity to proportionality. The article then analyzes three historical developments in U.S. tort law that qualify as instances of moral progress: (1) the partial demise of the “suicide rule” beginning around the 1980s (according to …

Gibson Point Aerial, Chatham County Geographic Survey Department (Savannah, Ga)

Defending Savannah: History and Archaeology of the Gibson's Point Battery

An aerial photo of Gibson Point Battery with 1 foot contour lines, published by the Chatham County Geographic Information Systems Department in 2026.

Chatham County Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Department. 2026. Topographic Contour Map Overlay of Whitemarsh Island Battery Site (Battery Circle/Battery Way). Savannah, GA: Chatham County GIS

Fortification Survey, Claudia B. Lamas

Defending Savannah: History and Archaeology of the Gibson's Point Battery

A survey documenting Civil War-era forts and batteries along the Savannah River and surrounding waterways from 1861-1865.

Lamas, Claudia B. Fortification Survey of Savannah River and Area Waterways, Savannah, Georgia, 1861–1865. Historical Archaeology 422, Armstrong State College, n.d.

Virus-Derived Serpin Reduces Immuno-Coagulopathic Damage In Murine Colitis By Targeting The Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (Upar) And Complement, Alexandra R. Lucas, Henna Monder, Junior Enow, Cheyanne Woodrow, Aman Garg, Jessika Schlievert, Nora Elmadbouly, Aashika Dupati, Emily Aliskevich, Rohan Saju, Jacqueline Kilbourne, Kenneth Lowe, Mostafa Hamada, Aubrey Pinteric, Isabela R. Zanetti, Ritvik Srivant Satyanarayanan, Savanah Gisriel, Esther Borges Florsheim, Masmudur Rahman, James Irving, Grant Mcfadden, Wei Kong, Liqiang Zhang

Student Publications

A virus-derived serpin, Serp-1, has proven efficacy in treating inflammatory and coagulation disorders in preclinical and clinical studies. Serp-1 evolved over millions of years to block host immune responses, targeting serine proteases in immune and coagulation pathways. Treatment with PEGylated Serp-1 (PEGSerp-1) protein reduced lung injury in both lupus lung hemorrhage and SARS-CoV-2 models. Here, PEGSerp-1 effects on immune-coagulopathic responses is examined in a mouse colitis model. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with life-threatening complications with severe inflammation, bleeding, vasculitis, cancer and toxic megacolon. Serine protease cascades activate coagulation and complement pathways throughout the human body and are regulated …

Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System Use And The Risk Of Cervical Cancer In Women With Human Papillomavirus, Britney Margheim, Lauren Zakshorn, Sadie Wiens

Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Examining Demographic Characteristics Of Presidents Of Vascular And Venous Societies, Mohammad Nizamuddin, Christopher Papatheofanis, Tyler Santos, Ryan Bonner, Amrit Hingorani, Hason Khan, Natalie Ascher, Enrico Ascher, Anil Hingorani

Student Publications

Objective: Vascular and venous societies across North America and Europe have a variety of individuals from different backgrounds as their presidents. These individuals are influential in driving the priorities of vascular and venous medicine. Our study looks to analyze some key demographic characteristics and society presidents in vascular and venous medicine.

Methods: We determined a variety of demographic factors, such as age, sex, and country of origin/race/ethnicity, through online review from each society’s inception until our survey period from August 2023 to January 2024. The Student’s t-test was used to calculate statistical significance with a P-value of < .05.

Results: Demographic data …

Effects Of Differential Stress And Mental Health On Substance Use Among College Students, Avdi S. Avdija, Arif Akgul

Sociology & Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Substance use among college students is often seen as a coping mechanism for some students who are prone to extreme stress, depression, or anxiety. Multiple forms of stress become the leading factors that push students toward substance use. This study tests the effects of college stressors, depression, and anxiety on substance use among college students. The results are based on the data that were collected using a 101-item questionnaire administered to 302 college students at a public university in the Midwest U.S.A. Using Logistic Regression as the primary data analysis technique, the findings of this study show that social stressors …

Understanding Risk And Protective Factors Of Intimate Partner Violence: A Public Health And Social Advocacy Approach, Mangai Natarajan, Yasemin Irvin-Erickson, Brittany Suh, Susan Nembhard, Lindsay Smith, Yi-Fang Lu

Sociology & Criminal Justice Faculty Publications

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a recurring social problem that has individual, interpersonal, community, and societal level consequences necessitating interdisciplinary knowledge and a holistic, systemic approach for prevention. Recent research on IPV indicates the need to identify the implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for IPV risk and subsequent consequences to inform mitigation solutions. Using a mixed-methods design, this rapid assessment research aims to address an existing gap by gathering primary data on the perceived risk and protective factors in addressing IPV through interviews, focus group discussions (n = 102), and surveys (n = 324) from a purposive sample of victim …

Buying Blind: Corruption Risk And The Erosion Of Oversight In Federal Ai Procurement, Jessica Tillipman

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

The United States is accelerating toward a corruption crisis of its own making. In its race to rapidly acquire artificial intelligence (AI), current policy risks undermining longstanding procurement integrity safeguards. This article examines how AI increases traditional corruption risks and introduces new vulnerabilities that current oversight mechanisms are ill-equipped to address.

Recent federal AI policies have accelerated adoption while simultaneously narrowing regulatory oversight, effectively leaving “regulation by contract” as the primary—and profoundly inadequate—mechanism for embedding safeguards. The consequence of these policies is that the government is “buying blind,” acquiring AI technologies without adequate transparency, audit rights, or testing requirements. These …

Ethnonationalism By Algorithm, Spencer A. Overton

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

In the United States, artificial intelligence (“AI”) policy has become a critical arena for ethnonationalism—an ideology that defines national belonging through shared ancestry, culture, and language. Amid rapid demographic change and cultural anxiety, the second Trump Administration has harnessed federal AI governance to advance its broader agenda of dismantling diversity—most notably through Executive Order 14,179, “Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence” and related legal directives. By eliminating safeguards against algorithmic bias and recasting equity as an ideological threat to innovation, the policies facilitate exclusion under the guise of neutrality. These moves are not merely deregulatory; they represent a …

Transportation Law’S Congestion Problem, Sara C. Bronin

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Transportation law has a congestion problem: our federalist system of government allows federal and state actors to stymie innovative, locally driven projects that aim to reduce driving. This problem is illustrated in the decades-long legal battles over New York City’s plan to impose “congestion pricing” to toll drivers entering certain parts of Manhattan. Overcoming grandstanding elected officials, lawsuits resting on state and federal supremacy, and even a federal legislative override, congestion pricing was finally launched in January 2025. New Yorkers and suburbanites alike almost immediately started benefiting from cleaner air, faster commutes, safer roads, and increased economic activity and productivity—plus …

The Federalism Canons As Ordinary Interpretation, Anthony J. Bellia Jr., Bradford R. Clark

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Scholars remain generally skeptical of substantive canons of statutory interpretation even as courts continue to employ such canons in important cases. Unlike semantic canons, which help judges discern the best meaning of statutory text in context, substantive canons provide tiebreakers when the text is unclear or require special clarity in order for the text to perform certain functions. Among the substantive canons, the so-called “federalism canons” have been singled out for special scrutiny. The federalism canons are a family of canons that require courts to avoid interpreting an act of Congress to divest states of certain sovereign rights or powers—including …

Governing Ai Without Agencies: Self-Regulatory Organizations And The Federal Backstop, Aram A. Gavoor

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Artificial intelligence is accelerating American innovation and strategic advantage. The governance task is to provide predictable compliance baselines that support scale and competitiveness while remaining workable under executive branch policy, statutory baselines, and the rules that now govern the administrative state. Congress remains slow and factional, and agencies face rising procedural and remedial constraints. Recent Supreme Court doctrine has reduced the administrative state’s interpretive and enforcement leverage. Regulated entities can challenge agency rules when those rules newly impose concrete harm, litigate statutory meaning without Chevron-style mandatory deference to agency statutory interpretations with limited exceptions, and invoke strengthened procedural safeguards in …

Feature Comment: Governance As A “Blocker”: How The Pentagon’S New Ai Strategy Trades Oversight For Speed, Jessica Tillipman

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

The Department of Defense's January 2026 AI Strategy memorandum presents governance and speed as a zero-sum tradeoff, labeling core oversight mechanisms such as ATOs, test and evaluation, and contracting processes as "blockers" to be waived through a newly established Barrier Removal Board. By doing so, the memo converts governance from a baseline into a negotiable exception. It also redefines "Responsible AI" in ways that depart from the Department's prior lifecycle-assurance framework, mandates "any lawful use" contract language that shifts risk management responsibility to the government, and elevates undefined criteria like "model objectivity" to primary procurement standards, without providing contracting officers …

Brief Of Amicus Curiae Professor Steven L. Schooner In Support Of Petitioners' Petition For Certiorari In King V. United States (U.S. Supreme Court), Aram A. Gavoor, Eric Frank, Giovanna Milano, Matt Novotny, Tegan Oliver, Kaci Waguespack, Steven L. Schooner

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This is an amicus brief in support of a U.S. Supreme Court petition for certiorari in King v. United States (No. 25-856), in which GW Law School's GW Law’s Administrative Law, Issues, and Appeals Clinic represented government contracts expert, GW Law Professor Steven L. Schooner). Petitioners—retired UPS employees William King, Stephen Dardzinski, and the Estate of Anthony Gugliuzza (on behalf of a class of retirees and pension beneficiaries)—challenge the Federal Circuit’s novel “underlying assets” test (created in reviewing a matter initially decided in the U.S. Court of Federal Claims), which withholds per se Takings Clause protection for vested rights to …

Feature Comment: Twenty-Five Cent Ai: The Hidden Costs Of Promotional Ai Deals, Jessica Tillipman

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

The General Services Administration’s OneGov initiative offers federal agencies access to leading AI platforms—including ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, Grok, Copilot, and Perplexity—at promotional prices ranging from free to one dollar per agency. This Feature Comment examines how these nominal price points function as the procurement equivalent of loss-leader pricing: low enough to accelerate adoption while obscuring lifecycle costs, operational dependency, and diminished negotiating leverage at renewal. Drawing on the Federal Acquisition Regulation’s buying-in framework (FAR 3.501), switching-cost theory, and publicly available reseller pricing data, the Comment demonstrates that the gap between promotional and post-promotional pricing can be substantial—and that most renewal …

Policy Brief: The Occ's Unlawful Proposal To Preempt State Interest-On-Escrow Laws Reveals That The Agency's Ultimate Goal Is To Revive Its Illegal De Facto Field Preemption Regime For National Banks, Arthur E. Wilmarth Jr.

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

In December 2025, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”) issued a proposal to preempt all state laws that require national banks and federal savings associations to pay interest on borrowers’ funds held in mortgage escrow accounts. The OCC’s proposal is unlawful and must be rescinded. Under 12 U.S.C. § 25b and the Supreme Court’s decisions in Cuomo v. Clearing House and Cantero v. Bank of America, the OCC does not have authority to preempt state interest-on-escrow (IOE) laws.

The OCC’s proposal for a categorical, across-the-board preemption of state IOE laws violates three requirements set forth in 12 …

What Rights Do Ai Companies Have In Government Contracts?, Jessica Tillipman

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

The Anthropic-Pentagon dispute has generated widespread commentary but fundamental confusion about whether contractors can restrict the government's use of their products. This article argues the question is not novel. The scope of permissible restrictions depends on the acquisition pathway, the contract type, and the negotiated terms. The article surveys the principal pathways through which the federal government acquires AI and examines OpenAI's published Pentagon contract language, which adopts an "any lawful use" standard conditioned on existing legal authorities. A critical tension emerges: although the contract facially permits broad use, OpenAI's retained architectural control over its cloud-only deployment and safety infrastructure …

The Unacceptable Risks Of Uninsured Nonbank Stablecoins: Written Testimony Presented To The Uk House Of Lords' Financial Services Regulation Committee, Arthur E. Wilmarth Jr.

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This written testimony was submitted to the Financial Services Regulation Committee of the United Kingdom House of Lords, in response to that Committee’s “Call for evidence” on the “Growth and proposed regulation of stablecoins in the UK,” https://committees.parliament.uk/call-for-evidence/3845/. This testimony provides an overview of the global stablecoin market and the current leading uses of stablecoins. The testimony also describes the unacceptable dangers that uninsured nonbank stablecoins pose to financial stability, economic welfare, consumer protection, monetary policy, regulatory compliance, and law enforcement. The testimony presents the following policy recommendations:

(1) Stablecoins should be regulated in the same way as bank deposits. …

Information Regulation As Antidiscrimination, Naomi Schoenbaum

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Employment discrimination law is under sustained retrenchment, nowhere more so than in hiring, the gateway to work and the foundation of equal employment opportunity. A recent executive order declared the disparate impact theory—a key doctrine of hiring equality—unconstitutional and barred its use by the federal government. The Supreme Court’s curtailment of race-conscious admissions has cast serious doubt on the future of affirmative action in employment. Enforcement agencies have redirected their efforts, abandoning disparate impact suits, scrutinizing employers’ diversity initiatives, and soliciting claims by white men. These developments further weaken a regime that has long struggled to redress discrimination at the …

Brief For International Law Scholars As Amici Curiae In Support Of Respondents, Cisco Systems, Inc. V. Doe I, William S. Dodge

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This amicus brief was filed with the U.S. Supreme Court on behalf of international law scholars in Cisco Systems, Inc. v. Doe I. The brief addresses whether claims for aiding and abetting violations of international human rights may be brought under the Alien Tort Statute. Part I argues that, under Sosa v. Alvarez-Machain (2004), whether aiding and abetting claims are actionable is determined by customary international law rather than U.S. domestic law. Part II argues that customary international law’s prohibition against aiding and abetting human rights violations meets the Sosa standard. Drawing on instruments establishing the Nuremberg tribunals, the International …