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2026

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A Pilot Study Of An 8-Week, Group-Based, Chakra-Informed Kundalini Yoga Intervention For Adolescents And Young Adults With Diabetes: Feasibility, Youth Outcomes, And Caregiver Distress, Ashley M. Lekach, Debra Guss, Jason Chua, Ray B. Gannon Oct 2026

A Pilot Study Of An 8-Week, Group-Based, Chakra-Informed Kundalini Yoga Intervention For Adolescents And Young Adults With Diabetes: Feasibility, Youth Outcomes, And Caregiver Distress, Ashley M. Lekach, Debra Guss, Jason Chua, Ray B. Gannon

Individual Open Access Articles

Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with diabetes experience significant biopsychosocial burden linked to hormonal shifts, HPA‑axis dysregulation, autonomic imbalance, metainflammation, and socio‑emotional stress, with heightened challenges among marginalized populations and those with “double diabetes.” This pilot evaluated the feasibility of an eight‑week integrative, chakra‑informed yoga program for AYA with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and included caregiver assessments to explore preliminary multidomain outcomes.

Objective: To assess feasibility and explore preliminary psychological, physiological, relational, and biomarker changes following a developmentally attuned Kundalini yoga program for AYA with diabetes and their caregivers.

Methods: A prospective, single‑arm pilot delivered weekly 90‑minute …


From Model To Mastery: High-Fidelity Cricothyrotomy Simulation With A 3d-Printed And Biological Tissue Model, Lauren E. Schlegel, Sruti Tekumalla, Sara Belko, Aarti Agarwal, Eva Varotsis, Julianna Rodin, Robert Pugliese, Morgan Hutchinson, Richard Goldman Oct 2026

From Model To Mastery: High-Fidelity Cricothyrotomy Simulation With A 3d-Printed And Biological Tissue Model, Lauren E. Schlegel, Sruti Tekumalla, Sara Belko, Aarti Agarwal, Eva Varotsis, Julianna Rodin, Robert Pugliese, Morgan Hutchinson, Richard Goldman

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

Objective

Emergency cricothyroidotomy is a rare procedure utilized in the setting of patients who cannot be oxygenated or intubated. To enhance training in this critical skill, we developed and validated an immersive, high‐fidelity task trainer that integrates a 3D‐printed airway model with a porcine soft‐tissue layer, and we assessed its impact during simulation‐based training sessions.

Study Design

Observational.

Setting

Single institution (16 otolaryngology and 30 emergency medicine trainees).

Methods

Our trainer consisted of an accurate 3D‐printed airway model and neck incorporating anatomical structures and a biological soft‐tissue layer. A survey was administered before and after the simulation. The simulations were …


The Role Of Organizational Passion In Reducing Counterproductive Work Behavior: A Field Study At The College Of Administration And Economics, University Of Fallujah, Mustafa Amjed Ibrahim, Zaid Khawam Mahmood, Wael Ismail Khalaf Oct 2026

The Role Of Organizational Passion In Reducing Counterproductive Work Behavior: A Field Study At The College Of Administration And Economics, University Of Fallujah, Mustafa Amjed Ibrahim, Zaid Khawam Mahmood, Wael Ismail Khalaf

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

This research aims to analyze the role of organizational passion in reducing negative work behavior among employees at the College of Administration and Economics, University of Fallujah. The research employed a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing a questionnaire as the primary data collection tool. For data analysis, the researchers used (Smart PLS v.4) and (SPSS 28 The research community included 127 individuals, but the research sample was made up of 104 college members, and when the questionnaire was distributed the exact number retrieved was 97. The research concluded that there is a strong and statistically significant relationship between organizational passion and negative …


The Impact Of Inclusive Leadership On The Quality Of Banking Services An Analytical Study Of A Sample Of Private Bank Employees In Iraq, Kamal Kadhim Al-Hassani, Iltifat Abdullah Touma Oct 2026

The Impact Of Inclusive Leadership On The Quality Of Banking Services An Analytical Study Of A Sample Of Private Bank Employees In Iraq, Kamal Kadhim Al-Hassani, Iltifat Abdullah Touma

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

This study aims to explore the relationship between inclusive leadership and banking service quality in the Iraqi private banking sector. The study adopted a descriptive–analytical approach, and data were collected through questionnaires distributed to (280) employees working in private banks in Iraq. The questionnaire was used as the main data collection instrument, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed using the AMOS program to analyze the data and test the hypothesized relationships among the study variables. The results showed a positive and statistically significant relationship between inclusive leadership and banking service quality, reflecting the vital role of comprehensive and supportive …


A Seven-Year Reflection On Confidence Building And The Evolving Needs Of Pharmacy Residency Applicants, Hindu Rao, Neeloufar Fakourfar Oct 2026

A Seven-Year Reflection On Confidence Building And The Evolving Needs Of Pharmacy Residency Applicants, Hindu Rao, Neeloufar Fakourfar

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Purpose

The needs of pharmacy students applying for postgraduate training may be changing over time. Residency preparation has traditionally focused on application logistics, which can overlook the confidence and stress-related struggles that some recent pharmacy students have.

Description

Over a seven-year period (2019–2026), we implemented a three-part longitudinal residency preparation workshop at a single institution. Pre-survey data from 225 students and post-survey data from 135 students (98 matched pairs) were categorized into an Early Cohort (2019–2022) and a Recent Cohort (2023–2026) to assess perceived barriers and self-reported confidence with the application process. For the Recent Cohort, we added confidence-building exercises …


The Virtual Clinical Training Center: New Frontiers In Telemental Health Training, Rodney E. Harris, Loriann S. Stretch, Susan J. Foster, Katie Kesterson Oct 2026

The Virtual Clinical Training Center: New Frontiers In Telemental Health Training, Rodney E. Harris, Loriann S. Stretch, Susan J. Foster, Katie Kesterson

Journal of Technology in Counselor Education and Supervision

Telebehavioral health has become an essential competency for counselors, yet counselor education programs often have limited structures for supervised telehealth clinical training. This article describes the Virtual Clinical Training Center (VCTC), a three-tiered model developed within an online counselor education program to prepare counselors in training and doctoral supervisors in training while expanding access to counseling in medically underserved communities. Tier I offers synchronous skills-based live labs and examination review, Tier II provides peer role-play practice, and Tier III places fieldwork students with community partners to deliver supervised telebehavioral counseling. We describe the application and training process, tiered supervision, partnership …


The Transcendent Unity Of Religions, Frithjof Schuon Oct 2026

The Transcendent Unity Of Religions, Frithjof Schuon

Hannah Arendt Marginalia - All

New York : Pantheon, ©1953.

Call #: BL51 .S4643

Contains underlining and marginal lining

PDF information: 67 pages - 29.6 MB


Curating The Liberal Arts: High-Impact Approaches To Teaching Medical Humanities In The Archives, Alyssa Culp, Liz Bloodworth Oct 2026

Curating The Liberal Arts: High-Impact Approaches To Teaching Medical Humanities In The Archives, Alyssa Culp, Liz Bloodworth

Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies

This article emphasizes high-impact practices in the archives and encourages instructors and archivists to use prolonged collaboration as a way to teach digital learners analog thinking. The digital and physical exhibits we discuss were designed to model liberal arts thinking and curate experiential learning opportunities that led students to make connections between artifacts and lived experiences. Our case study focuses on one course developed with sustained archival interaction, which demonstrates an effective use of archives for promoting active learning through direct engagement with primary source materials in a liberal arts environment and thereby serves as an example of partnership for …


Designing For Who Actually Shows Up: A Signal Framework For Online Adult Learners In Cybersecurity And Information Technology, Chad Whistle, Mayyada Al-Hammoshi Oct 2026

Designing For Who Actually Shows Up: A Signal Framework For Online Adult Learners In Cybersecurity And Information Technology, Chad Whistle, Mayyada Al-Hammoshi

Journal of Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice

Online adult learners pursuing cybersecurity and information technology credentials represent one of the fastest-growing student populations in American higher education, yet the frameworks institutions use to support their success were not designed for them. This population, disproportionately drawn from the 41.9 million Americans who hold some college credit but no credential, arrives workforce-embedded, time-constrained, and skeptical of institutional systems that previously failed to serve them. Existing persistence models grounded in traditional student integration theory inadequately account for the behavioral patterns, motivational structures, and credential expectations that define this learner. This paper proposes the SIGNAL Framework (Skills-based credential architecture, Integrated AI-informed …


Hospital Falls In Hybrid Virtual Nursing Models: A Need For Future Health Outcomes Research, Lindsay E. Colby Oct 2026

Hospital Falls In Hybrid Virtual Nursing Models: A Need For Future Health Outcomes Research, Lindsay E. Colby

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Background and Purpose: Hospital falls are a global health concern with adverse implications for patients’ health-related quality of life. As a nurse-sensitive indicator, hospital falls reflect the quality and safety of the healthcare system. Hybrid virtual nursing, an emerging care delivery model, utilizes digital telehealth technologies and combines in-person nursing care with remote care. There is a dearth of literature related to the impact of hybrid virtual nursing on hospital falls.

The purpose of this poster is to: explore health outcomes measures and data sources related to hospital falls; review literature related to hospital falls in hybrid virtual nursing models. …


Going Organic: Capturing The Patient Voice To Inform Patient-Driven Interventions And Outcomes, Wendy R. Trueblood Miller Oct 2026

Going Organic: Capturing The Patient Voice To Inform Patient-Driven Interventions And Outcomes, Wendy R. Trueblood Miller

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

This presentation describes a novel approach for embedding the organic patient voice into intervention design through analysis of patient-generated data. By leveraging social media and other naturally occurring narratives, this method captures patient identified concerns authentically, revealing priorities often missed by traditional approaches. Examples from epilepsy and other chronic conditions demonstrate how this work informs scalable, patient driven self management tools and outcomes.


Theory Generation And Research: The International Impact On Families’ And Nurses’ Mental Health, Karen J. Foli Oct 2026

Theory Generation And Research: The International Impact On Families’ And Nurses’ Mental Health, Karen J. Foli

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

This special session will focus on Dr. Karen J. Foli’s two decades of research, based on her mental health-focused nursing theories. A brief overview of her theories, the middle-range theory of parental postadoption depression and the middle-range theory of nurses’ psychological trauma, will be offered. Select studies from her research trajectories as well as the link between theory and empirical studies will be emphasized. Last, the international impact of her work will be illustrated.


Mothers And Infants In Multiple Pregnancy And Birth, Li-Yin Chien Oct 2026

Mothers And Infants In Multiple Pregnancy And Birth, Li-Yin Chien

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

Background: ART-driven multiple births create unique health challenges.

Purpose: This research examines family trajectories, focusing on offspring health and maternal well-being.

Methods: Mixed-methods using national databases and a longitudinal maternal study.

Results: Multiples face higher risks of heart defects and cancer. Maternal depression peaks postpartum, driven by stress and declining support.

Conclusion: Specialized care and SET promotion are vital for family outcomes.


Accelerating Nursing Science With Ai: Promise, Risk, And The Path Forward, Maxim Topaz Oct 2026

Accelerating Nursing Science With Ai: Promise, Risk, And The Path Forward, Maxim Topaz

International Nursing Research Congress (INRC)

AI is transforming nursing at unprecedented speed, but our institutions lack safeguards to match. This Hall of Fame address presents five projects spanning bibliometric analysis, living systematic reviews, multimodal clinical AI, fabricated citation detection, and clinical deskilling. Actionable frameworks for preserving clinical competence are presented.


Daniel Newberg V. Pennsylvania Department Of Corrections Oct 2026

Daniel Newberg V. Pennsylvania Department Of Corrections

2026 Decisions

USDC for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania


The Evolving Wildfire Crisis: The Need To Adapt Statewide Extension Efforts To Address Diverse Challenges, Alison L. Deak, Kathryn E. Low, Luca Carmignani, Ryan E. Tompkins, Barbara Satink Wolfson Oct 2026

The Evolving Wildfire Crisis: The Need To Adapt Statewide Extension Efforts To Address Diverse Challenges, Alison L. Deak, Kathryn E. Low, Luca Carmignani, Ryan E. Tompkins, Barbara Satink Wolfson

Journal of Extension

There are many factors that contribute to wildfire preparedness in California. Although effective wildfire preparedness requires tailored regional approaches, it is crucial to understand how statewide Extension programs can address shared challenges while augmenting region-specific strategies. For the University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources Fire Network to meet the growing demands for fire-related Extension programming, a team of advisors surveyed California residents to refine the goals of our Extension programs. Survey results highlight key gaps in fire-related Extension education that residents in California and beyond need to reduce their wildfire risk.


Environmental And Professional Influences On Social Participation In Community Recreation In The Niagara Region Of Ontario, Canada: A Secondary Qualitative Analysis With Implications For Autism-Supportive Practice, Budor H. Saigh, Shuaa A. Mutawally Oct 2026

Environmental And Professional Influences On Social Participation In Community Recreation In The Niagara Region Of Ontario, Canada: A Secondary Qualitative Analysis With Implications For Autism-Supportive Practice, Budor H. Saigh, Shuaa A. Mutawally

Journal of Medical Rehabilitation Science

Background: Meaningful participation in community recreation depends on more than physical accessibility. Environmental usability, activity structure, peer opportunities, and the manner in which professional support is provided may also be associated with opportunities for social participation among children with diverse developmental and support needs.
Objective: This secondary qualitative analysis examined how environmental and professional characteristics were represented in relation to opportunities for social participation across community recreational settings in the Niagara Region of Ontario, Canada. A secondary objective was to consider the potential relevance of these findings to autism-supportive recreational practice.
Methods: The analysis revisited selected qualitative materials originating from …


Do Research Day Program 2026, Lincoln Memorial University, Debusk College Of Osteopathic Medicine Oct 2026

Do Research Day Program 2026, Lincoln Memorial University, Debusk College Of Osteopathic Medicine

DO Research Day

DO Research Day was hosted by the DeBusk College of Osteopathic Medicine at Lincoln Memorial University. This program features abstracts from the LMU-DCOM community.


Beyond Burnout: A Systematic Review Of The Mental Health Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Physicians In The U.S., Tiffany Iheanacho, Fred Wenger, Etianna E. Cadet, Yahya Korteh, Muhammed Gaye Oct 2026

Beyond Burnout: A Systematic Review Of The Mental Health Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Physicians In The U.S., Tiffany Iheanacho, Fred Wenger, Etianna E. Cadet, Yahya Korteh, Muhammed Gaye

DO Research Day

Background: Five years after the COVID-19 pandemic, its long-term psychological impact on physicians remains important to assess. Physicians experienced PTSD, burnout, anxiety, insomnia, distress, and depression, yet few studies reported outcomes disaggregated by race, limiting understanding of disparities among marginalized physicians.

Objectives: To quantify the prevalence of mental health outcomes among U.S. physicians during COVID-19 and identify interventions and systemic strategies to mitigate physician mental health burdens during future public health emergencies.

Method: Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, Google Scholar, and the Lincoln Memorial University Library were searched for studies published from 2020–2025. Of 48 studies identified, 21 met inclusion criteria. …


The Rider (2026-10-05), Daniela Chapa-Reyes Oct 2026

The Rider (2026-10-05), Daniela Chapa-Reyes

The Rider Archives

Vol. 12, No. 7


Horticultural Diplomacy: A Framework For Growing Culturally Aware Gardeners, Stephen Stresow-Cortez, Stephen Reiners, Ashley Miller Helmholdt Oct 2026

Horticultural Diplomacy: A Framework For Growing Culturally Aware Gardeners, Stephen Stresow-Cortez, Stephen Reiners, Ashley Miller Helmholdt

Journal of Extension

Derived from person-to-person diplomacy models, a ``horticultural diplomacy'' framework was implemented in a statewide vegetable variety trial program for two seasons to introduce Master Gardeners to diverse crops and cultures. Scaffolding learning with relevant recipes, bed groupings, community tasting events, and collecting community (citizen) science data helped participants build garden skills, gain a greater appreciation for other cultures, and inform new educational materials. Horticultural diplomacy is part of a deliberate effort aimed at growing food and building understanding among (primarily White) volunteers. The techniques that helped make this program successful, adaptable to other garden programs, and aspects that require improvements …


Navigating Text-To-Speech (Tts): Ethical Leadership In The Use Of Generative Ai For Extension, Xue A Dong, Paul A Hill Oct 2026

Navigating Text-To-Speech (Tts): Ethical Leadership In The Use Of Generative Ai For Extension, Xue A Dong, Paul A Hill

Journal of Extension

Text-to-speech (TTS) AI technology transforms written content into natural-sounding speech, offering a useful tool to enhance accessibility and inclusivity in Extension work. This article examines the role of TTS AI in bridging communication gaps, particularly for diverse and multilingual communities, and demonstrates the importance of ethical leadership in its adoption. By prioritizing diversity, equity, and inclusion, Extension professionals can leverage TTS AI to foster greater connection and engagement. Practical applications and examples are provided to guide the integration of TTS AI into programs. The article also offers recommendations for experimenting with innovative technologies to improve educational outcomes and increase the …


Virginia Team Nutrition Training Grant Workshop Participation Increased Intention To Change In Specific Topics, Rachel A Liebe, Kathleen J Porter, Valisa Hedrick, Elena Serrano, Kelly Shomo, Sandra Curwood, Sarah Misyak Oct 2026

Virginia Team Nutrition Training Grant Workshop Participation Increased Intention To Change In Specific Topics, Rachel A Liebe, Kathleen J Porter, Valisa Hedrick, Elena Serrano, Kelly Shomo, Sandra Curwood, Sarah Misyak

Journal of Extension

Team Nutrition is implemented nationally to improve school food environments. Yet evidence on factors impacting implementation is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the execution of the Team Nutrition Training Grant (TNTG) in Virginia elementary schools using the RE-AIM (Reach, Efficacy, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) framework. The TNTG grant was implemented through two train-the-trainer workshops that were conducted with school nutrition directors (SNDs). Overall, SNDs from 84% of school divisions attended at least one workshop. Intention to change increased significantly from pre- to post- for both workshops in some target areas. This evaluation could help practitioners guide the development of evaluation …


How Wisconsin Extension Educators Talk About Climate Change Without Talking About ``Climate Change'', Sky Hershberger, Todd P. Newman Oct 2026

How Wisconsin Extension Educators Talk About Climate Change Without Talking About ``Climate Change'', Sky Hershberger, Todd P. Newman

Journal of Extension

Climate change touches all areas of Extension's programming. To understand how educators approach talking about climate change with constituents, we interviewed 15 Extension educators and three program managers in Wisconsin. Crops and Soils educators view climate change as interwoven with their work, Financial Education educators view it as mostly disconnected, and Community Economic Development educators range between these extremes. Educators in all three programs avoid the polarizing phrase ``climate change,'' instead focusing on specific, local, and relatable issues. Educators show empathy and emphasize resilience (adaptation) rather than mitigation. These findings can inform Extension's organizational strategy on climate change.


Trigeminal Neuralgia Versus Pulpitis In A Pregnant Patient: Challenges In Diagnosis And Endodontic Management—A Case Report, Ria Septina Rusli, Widi Prasetia Oct 2026

Trigeminal Neuralgia Versus Pulpitis In A Pregnant Patient: Challenges In Diagnosis And Endodontic Management—A Case Report, Ria Septina Rusli, Widi Prasetia

Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a rare but debilitating neuropathic pain disorder characterized by severe, electric shock-like facial pain that can significantly affect maternal quality of life and pregnancy outcomes. Most patients with TN are initially misdiagnosed as having odontogenic pain, leading to inappropriate dental treatment.
Objective: This case report aims to highlight how pregnancy-related hormonal changes, limitations in diagnostic procedures, and restricted therapeutic options influence the evaluation and management of TN during pregnancy.
Case Report: A 31-year-old woman in the eighth month of pregnancy presented with pain described as an electric shock-like sensation affecting the lower right side of …


Adolescents’ Risk Of Long Covid-19 Syndrome Based On Income Level And Food Insecurity, Christopher J. Waskewich Oct 2026

Adolescents’ Risk Of Long Covid-19 Syndrome Based On Income Level And Food Insecurity, Christopher J. Waskewich

Journal of Social, Behavioral, and Health Sciences

Limited information is available about the effects of food insecurity on adolescents’ long-term health risks from COVID-19. This quantitative, cross-sectional study aimed to examine the effects of food insecurity and family income level on the risk of long COVID-19 syndrome for adolescents (11 to 17 years old). An online survey (n = 298) was conducted with parents of adolescents from New York City, who were recruited from social media online advertisements. The research asked whether there is an association between food insecurity and family income level and the risks of long COVID-19 syndrome. Multivariate logistic regression found a statistically …


Divergent Geographies Of Disadvantage: Multidimensional Poverty And Teacher-Deployment Priority Across Ghana's 261 Districts, Bismark B. Fermah, Cai Lianyu Oct 2026

Divergent Geographies Of Disadvantage: Multidimensional Poverty And Teacher-Deployment Priority Across Ghana's 261 Districts, Bismark B. Fermah, Cai Lianyu

Jurnal Pendidikan: Teori, Penelitian, dan Pengembangan

Ghana relies on two district-level rankings of disadvantage to guide equity policy: a census-based multidimensional poverty index and a teacher-deployment priority list. Because the deployment flag conditions on classroom overcrowding, the inverse care law predicts the two should diverge, yet policy treats them as interchangeable. This study examined whether the two rankings identify the same districts. This descriptive ecological cross-sectional study linked the 2021 Census multidimensional poverty statistics to the 2026 Teachers for All: Ghana classification across all 261 districts and 16 regions, applying Welch's t test, two one-sided tests of equivalence against pre-specified margins of 10.0 and 4.8 percentage …


An Exploration Of Psychosocial Determinants Of Cybercrime Intention Among Youths In Oyo State, Nigeria, Moromoke Nimota Raji, Musa Adeyemi Ogunsola, Jamiu Agbolade Ogunsola Oct 2026

An Exploration Of Psychosocial Determinants Of Cybercrime Intention Among Youths In Oyo State, Nigeria, Moromoke Nimota Raji, Musa Adeyemi Ogunsola, Jamiu Agbolade Ogunsola

African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies

Cybercrime has become a pressing issue among adolescents and youths, particularly in Nigeria, where a growing number of young individuals engage in cyber-related offences. This study explores the relationship between key risk factors and the intention to commit cybercrime. Utilizing a descriptive correlational survey design, 300 students from six secondary schools in Ibarapa East were randomly selected as participants. Data collection was conducted using validated instruments, including the Cybercrime Intention Scale (α = 0.88), Levenson’s IPC scale  (α = 0.78), Materialistic Value Scale (α = 0.74), Parenting Style Scale (α = 0.77) and Peer Influence Scale …


Indigenous Religion And Community Order: Crime Prevention Strategies Among Worshippers Of Igbe Orhe In Nigeria, Onoseme Fortune Afatakpa Dr Oct 2026

Indigenous Religion And Community Order: Crime Prevention Strategies Among Worshippers Of Igbe Orhe In Nigeria, Onoseme Fortune Afatakpa Dr

African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies

This ethnographic study examines crime prevention strategies within Igbe Orhe, an indigenous African religious tradition practiced in Delta State, Nigeria. While existing security studies primarily emphasize formal and direct approaches to crime prevention, this research foregrounds the less explored structural mechanisms embedded in cultural spirituality. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with purposively selected participants, including the Uku Supreme (global leader), High Priests (Uku), High Priestess (Omote Uku), Chief Priests (Inori), Chief Priestesses (Ini Igbe), and Votary Singers (Akpine). Two focus group discussions were also conducted with female and youth members of selected …


Victim Behaviour And Phone Snatching In Kano Metropolis: A Literature Review Based On Victim Precipitation Theory, Mu'azu Ya'u Abdullahi Oct 2026

Victim Behaviour And Phone Snatching In Kano Metropolis: A Literature Review Based On Victim Precipitation Theory, Mu'azu Ya'u Abdullahi

African Journal of Criminology and Justice Studies

This paper reviews studies on the problem of phone snatching in Kano Metropolis, with focus on the behaviour of victims. Many studies have explained the crime by linking it to poverty, unemployment, and weak policing among others. However, less attention has been given to how people’s everyday actions may increase their risk. Using Victim Precipitation Theory, this review shows that behaviours such as openly displaying phones, walking alone in unsafe places, or using phones while distracted create easy chances for offenders. The review also notes that wider issues, such as poor street lighting and active black markets, combine with victim …