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Visualizing The Regression Lines And The Correlation Coefficient For Bivariate Discrete Random Variables Authors, Mamunur Rashid, Jyotirmoy Sarkar

Mathematics Faculty Publications

Sarkar and Rashid (2024) visualized the joint probabilities of two discrete random variables using a 2D disc plot from which they graphically obtained the conditional distributions of 𝑌 given 𝑋=𝑎, and 𝑋 given 𝑌=𝑏; and the marginal distributions of 𝑋, 𝑌, 𝑋+𝑌, 𝑋−𝑌, and 𝑐𝑋+𝑑𝑌. Sarkar and Rashid (2025) visualized the mean, mean deviation, and standard deviation of any discrete random variable using a disc plot. Here, starting with the 2D disc plot, we visualize the correlation coefficient between X and Y, and the linear regression of one variable from the other. Such visualizations help users better comprehend these concepts. …

Capital, Infrastructure And Dispossession: A Socio-Spatial Fix Analysis Of Ikn Nusantara, Muhammad Arham, Wawan Kurniawan

Forest and Society

The relocation of Indonesia's capital city from Jakarta to Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN) in East Kalimantan has officially been framed as a response to Jakarta's environmental crisis and a vehicle for national economic decentralization. Drawing on David Harvey's theory of the socio-spatial fix, this paper argues that IKN is better understood as a state-led strategy, operated to resolve crises of capital accumulation through the reorganization of land, infrastructure and territory in Kalimantan. This phenomenon has emerged through the alignment of state authority and capitalist interest rather than through a single, deliberate plan. The paper traces this fix through three interlocking …

Ndls Communicator: Week Of 10.26.26, Notre Dame Law School

NDLS Communicator

The Latest News

• Notre Dame Law School and Partner Institutions Bucerius Law School and Bocconi Law School Host Inaugural Workshop on Democratic Backsliding in America and Europe

Alumni News

• Angles Colmenero '04 J.D.

Faculty Briefs

• Derek Muller
• Paolo Carozza
• John Meiser
• Rick Garnett
• Carter Snead
• Lloyd Mayer
• Diane Desierto
• Emily Bremer
• Patrick Corrigan
• Sherif Girgis
• RogerAlford
• Paolo Carozza and Diane Desierto
• Dennis Wieboldt

ND Law in the News

• Notre Dame Exoneration Justice Clinic client Reggie Dillard was exonerated in February 2026 after spending 27 years in prison for a crime he did not commit. Dillard spoke with South Bend-area news …

Nutrition During Adolescent Growth Spurts: What Changes And What To Expect, Georgia Wilde, Stacy Bevan, Mateja R. Savoie-Roskos

All Current Publications

This fact sheet explains the nutritional changes that occur during adolescent growth spurts and provides practical, evidence-based guidance to caregivers on supporting healthy growth and development.

The Impact Of Code-Switching In Daily Conversation: An Inclusive Effort To Reduce Language Anxiety Among Arabic Education Students, Subhi Muhamad

Jurnal Pendidikan Humaniora

Abstract: This study examines the role of code-switching in daily conversation among Arabic Language Education students, focusing on its relationship with foreign language anxiety (FLA) and willingness to communicate (WTC). Using a qualitative approach, data were collected through observations and interviews involving 28 students. The findings indicate that code-switching functions as an adaptive communicative and psychological strategy that supports interaction, reduces anxiety, and increases speaking participation. However, excessive reliance on the first language may hinder linguistic accuracy. The study highlights code-switching as a form of psychological scaffolding in Arabic language learning.

Effectiveness Of Deep Learning-Based Problem-Based Learning In Increase Performance Study Student On Science Learning, Fitria Agustin, Rita Novita

Jurnal Pendidikan Humaniora

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas model Problem Based Learning (PBL) berbasis deep learning dalam meningkatkan pemahaman konseptual dan keterlibatan kognitif siswa pada pembelajaran IPA materi sistem pernapasan manusia. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan mixed methods dengan desain one group pretest-posttest. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 34 siswa kelas VIII₁ SMP Negeri 8 Banda Aceh yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui tes pemahaman konseptual, angket keterlibatan kognitif, observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Analisis kuantitatif menggunakan paired sample t-test, N-Gain, dan effect size Cohen's d, sedangkan analisis kualitatif menggunakan model Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model PBL berbasis deep …

Towards The Efforts Of Research Quality Improvement In India, Prof. Mohd. Ahsan, Dr. Naushad Husain

Jurnal Pendidikan Humaniora

Education is considered the backbone of any country, and research plays an analogous role for any education system. If we intend to develop our country, we should revive our education system, and for this drive, we have to relook at and improve the academic research carried out in our higher education system in general, and Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics in particular. Though India is excelling in the field of research in terms of quantity, the numbers are not at par with the developed countries like the US, China, Germany, the UK, Japan, etc. In the process of this quantitative …

The Influence Of Nahwu Mastery Through Nazm Al-'Imrithi On The Ability To Understand Fathul Qarib Among Students Of Darussalam Islamic Boarding School Kartasura, Nirmala Hamaz

Jurnal Pendidikan Humaniora

This study examined the effect of Nahwu mastery based on Nazm Al-‘Imrithi on the ability to comprehend Fathul Qarib among students of Darussalam Islamic Boarding School, Kartasura. A quantitative survey design was employed involving 25 Imrithi-class students selected through saturated sampling. Data were collected using achievement tests and analyzed using Pearson Product-Moment correlation. The findings showed that students’ Nahwu mastery was categorized as very good (M = 80.24), while their ability to comprehend Fathul Qarib was fairly good (M = 78.80). The correlation coefficient was 0.4768, indicating a positive and moderately strong relationship. Nahwu mastery contributed 22.73% to students’ comprehension …

The Role Of Growth Mindset In Predicting Resilience And Athletic Performance Among Student-Athletes: A Sem Approach, Ifsal Rafi Fauzan, Dinni Nurfajrin Ningsih, Vina Nurviyani, Sri Mulyanti

Jurnal Pendidikan Humaniora

This study aims to examine the influence of growth mindset and resilience on athletic performance among student athletes, as well as the mediating role of resilience in this relationship. A quantitative approach with a survey design was employed. Data were collected using validated Likert-type psychological scales and analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results indicate that growth mindset has a significant positive effect on resilience (β = 0.61, p < 0.001) and athletic performance (β = 0.28, p

= 0.002). Resilience also significantly influences athletic performance (β = 0.55, p < 0.001). Furthermore, resilience partially mediates the relationship between growth mindset and athletic performance (β = 0.34, p < 0.001). The structural model explains 62% of the variance in athletic performance (R² = 0.62), indicating strong predictive power.These findings highlight the importance of psychological factors in sports performance and suggest that integrating psychological training into athlete development programs can enhance performance outcomes.

Frequency And Nature Of Pedagogical Support For Grade 12 Teachers In Limpopo Province, South Africa, Dingane Peter Mkhabela Mr, Loyiso Mennon Luvalo Prof

Jurnal Pendidikan Humaniora

This article explored the frequency and nature of pedagogical support provided by curriculum advisors to Grade 12 teachers in two districts of Limpopo Province, South Africa, and examined teachers’ perceptions of that support. Research has been conducted on the role played by curriculum advisors in the development and implementation of the curriculum, but little has been mentioned about the intensity of their interventions in ensuring that implementation is carried out to the latter. Motivated by the province’s improving National Senior Certificate performance alongside concerns about the consistency and classroom relevance of teacher support, the study employed a qualitative case study …

More Than ‘School-Based’: Unpacking Definitions Of Literacy In Local Nonprofit Work, Angela J. Stefanski, Peggy S. Rice, Veronica M. Fife-Demski

Mid-Western Educational Researcher

This participatory action research explores how non-profit literacy initiatives in a Midwestern city define literacy as they engage in an ongoing collective effort to ‘move the needle’ on local literacy outcomes. Data for this study includes interviews, marketing materials, and participatory fieldnotes focusing on the work of 20 local initiatives. Analysis of the data reflects both compliance and resistance to institutionalized literacy norms. Additionally, findings demonstrate that where literacy occurs shapes how initiative leaders define literacy, including the involvement of community members in the shaping of the initiatives. The discussion includes recommended resources for researchers and local non-profit organizations focusing …

Control Or Support: Early Student Perceptions Of Generative Ai In A Course On Grading, Daniel Guberman

The Interdisciplinary Journal for Research on Pedagogy and Learning Design, Vol. 1, Issue 1., Fall 2026

In 2023, early faculty responses to generative AI often framed the classroom as adversarial, emphasizing plagiarism detection, bans, and returns to in-class assessments as mechanisms to control student behavior. This stance echoed longstanding critiques of grades as tools of control rather than support for learning. This reflective case study examines student perceptions of generative AI in a new Honors course on grading in higher education taught in fall 2023 to upper-level undergraduates from varied majors. Students used AI to develop and rehearse interview questions, they read contemporary instructor commentary on AI, and they discussed emerging AI-based feedback tools. Their reflections …

“It Feels Like Your Life Hinges On Me”: Lived Experience Of Being Next Of Kin To Someone Who Self-Harms, Kenneth Haugjord, John-Kåre Vederhus, Tore Dag Bøe, Kristine Dahl

The Qualitative Report

Through previous research, attention has been drawn to the burden experienced by next of kin to someone struggling with self-harm, yet less attention has been given to how they experience and make sense of the relational and existential complexity of this role in their everyday lives. We asked how next of kin experienced and made sense of caring for a loved one who self-harmed. We conducted in-depth interviews with fourteen next of kin, including parents, partners, and siblings, and analyzed the data through reflexive thematic analysis within an interpretive qualitative framework. Our analysis generated an overarching theme, "It Feels Like …

Silence And Whispering In The L2 Pragmatics Classroom: Duoethnographic Insights From A Vietnamese Context, Duong Minh Tuan, Le Thi Diem Lan

The Qualitative Report

This article examined how silence and whispering shape participation in an L2 pragmatics course for English majors at a Vietnamese university. Using a duoethnographic approach, we, as lecturer–researchers and the sole participants in this study, engaged in written dialogic exchanges over a 12-week semester, drawing on salient classroom incidents and institutional texts as prompts. Our dialogues revisited scenes in which students were quiet or whispered in Vietnamese, and we interrogated our shifting interpretations of those moments in light of scholarship on silence, L2 pragmatics, and language policy. Four themes emerged. First, silence as calibrated participation showed how students strategically modulated …

The Student Movement Volume 111 Issue 4: Barns And Global Missionaries, Audrey Hoover, Isa Demoraes, Anna Rybachek, Matthew Henderson, Laura Pérez, Melanie Webb

The Student Movement v. 111 (2026-2027)

NEWS

AUSA Hosts Its Annual Barn Party, Audrey Hoover

ARTS & ENTERTAINMENT

How Phone-Free Concerts Might Change Live Music, Isa DeMoraes

Taylor Swift and 'Patient Zero', Anna Rybachek

IDEAS

Pillory in the Public Square, Matthew Henderson

PULSE

Is Forced Worship Real Worship?, Laura Pérez

Come Meet Katie Davis and Margaret Rogers: A Student Missionary Spotlight, Audrey Hoover

LAST WORD

The End of the World, Melanie Webb

Review Of The Book Blinders: Annals Of Vandalism At The British Library: A Necrology, By John Clute, Janet Brennan Croft

Dialogue: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Popular Culture and Pedagogy

Review of The Book Blinders: Annals of Vandalism at the British Library: A Necrology, by John Clute. The book discusses the British Library's policy of discarding dust-jackets, with examples of the sort of information lost when these important paratexts are destroyed.

Untold Mourning: The Epistemology Of Naming And Grieving The Loss Of Identities, Bao Diep, Verna Wong

Journal of Southeast Asian American Education and Advancement

This paper explores the epistemology of mourning through the lens of two Asian American scholars pursuing doctoral degrees at a Midwestern university. We examine how racialization in Midwestern educational institutions reflects a broader historical and cultural distancing from Vietnamese immigrants and refugees, despite a shared geopolitical past. Employing critical collaborative autoethnography as both method and remedy, we engage in a dialogic process of uncovering and understanding our collective memories and lived experiences. This approach empowers us to confront hegemonic narratives and reclaim our identities as immigrant scholars navigating predominantly white academic spaces.

Mapping Translation Of Saudi Literature Into English For Sustainable Cultural Impact And Global Visibility, Abdullah Saleh Aziz Mohammed, Arif Ahmed Mohammed Hassan Al-Ahdal, Suad Abdulaziz Khalil Al-Kadery

UB Journal for Humanities

Saudi literature represents a significant component of the Kingdom’s cultural heritage. However, its global visibility remains limited due to fragmented translation practices and inadequate systematic documentation. This study maps the contribution of English translations of Saudi literary works in terms of their visibility, sustainability, and cultural impact within the international literary landscape. The mixed-methods approach adopted in this study integrates bibliometric analysis of 300 English translations of Saudi works with qualitative data sourced from translators, publishers, academics, and international readers represented through publicly available reader reviews and online responses. The analysis examines the bibliometric mapping of Saudi literary translation (e.g. …

Assessment Of Igfbp-1 And Fabp-4 Levels In Iraqi Diabetic Patients With Nephropathy As Potential Biomarkers For The Disease Progression, Hala Baher, Kadhim K. Ghudhaib, Ali Abdulmajid Dyab Allawi, Ammar Yasir Abdulrahman

Baghdad Science Journal

Diabetes mellitus is a major cause of kidney failure and diabetic nephropathy, making early detection of renal complications an important clinical concern. This study aimed to evaluate the metabolic regulators insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) and fatty acid-binding protein-4 (FABP-4) as potential biomarkers for the early detection and monitoring of diabetic nephropathy progression. The study included 75 diabetic patients aged 35–65 years who attended Medical City between February and September 2023. Patients were divided into three groups based on the albumin-to-creatinine ratio: normoalbuminuria, microalbuminuria, and macroalbuminuria, with 25 patients in each group. A control group consisted of 50 healthy individuals. …

Studying The Relationship Between Heme Oxygenase-1 And Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 In Obese Patients, Mays Mohammed Abdullah, Fayhaa Muqdad Khaleel

Baghdad Science Journal

Obesity is considered a major risk factor for diabetes mellitus type 2; it exacerbates insulin resistance and promotes an inflammatory environment favorable to oxidative stress. The purpose of this study is to determine the normal relationship between dipeptidyl peptidase-4 and heme oxygenase-1 in obese individuals with and without Type 2 diabetes mellitus. 150 blood samples were collected from individuals aged 30 to 65 years included in the study. The individuals were divided into three groups according to their body mass index (BMI). Heme oxygenase-1, dipeptidyl peptidase-4, and insulin levels were measured using the ELISA method, lipid profile, and fasting blood …

An Indirect Cloud Point Extraction-Spectrophoto- Metric Method For The Determination Of Empagliflozin In Pharmaceutical Dosage Form, Zena Talal Shakir, Nabeel Sabeeh Othman, Saba Zeki Al-Abachi

Baghdad Science Journal

An easy and selective method is proposed for spectrophotometric estimation of Empagliflozin (EMPA) in pure and pharmaceutical preparations using the cloud point extraction (CPE) procedure. The method involved oxidation of EMPA by excess N-bromosuccinimide (NBS); the unreacted NBS was used for bleaching the red color of azorubine dye, and the residual azorubine was subsequently preconcentrated using Triton X-114 in an acidic medium at an equilibrium temperature of 50°C for 15 min. The red color dye formed was separated, extracted by cloud point, and the absorbance was measured at 520 nm. The absorbance value was directly proportional to the amount of …

Structural, Spectroscopic And Dft Study Of C11H8N2O4 As A Potential Sars-Cov-2 MPro Inhibitor, Mücahit Yılmaz, Mehmet Hanifi Kebiroğlu

Baghdad Science Journal

In this study, the structural, electronic, and spectroscopic properties of the 3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acid (C₁₁H₈N₂O₄) molecule, which has potential biological activity and optoelectronic properties, were investigated theoretically. All quantum chemical calculations were performed at the B3LYP/6-311G(d,p) basis set level using Density Functional Theory (DFT). Frequency analysis of the optimized geometric structure confirmed that the structure has a stable minimum on the potential energy surface. The calculated energy gap of 3.982 eV, because of Frontier Molecular Orbital (FMO) analysis, revealed the chemical stability and Intramolecular Charge Transfer (ICT) behavior of the molecule. The calculated …

First Type S-Convex Function On Complex Plane, Sofihara Al Hazmy, Endang Cahya Mulyaning Asih, Al Azhary Masta, Encum Sumiaty

Baghdad Science Journal

Some uses of the convexity of a function are to find the optimal value of the function. In certain domains, the first type s-convex function is a generalization of the convex function, and studies on the optimality of the first type s-convex function are still few. What is studied in this article includes the optimality of the first type s-convex function in the complex plane. Among them, the "monotonicity" property of the first-type convex function on a ray, continuity at the origin, and justification that the first-type s-convex function in the complex plane reaches its minimum value at the origin …

A Hybrid Non-Monotone Cubic Line-Search Method With Subset-Based Armijo Acceptance For Multi-Objective Optimization, Jwan Nasrulla, Ivan. Latif

Baghdad Science Journal

Line-search techniques are vital to first-order optimization algorithms because they provide stable and efficient convergence. In multi-objective optimization, designing effective step-length rules is especially difficult because conflicting objectives are involved, and such situations make it often impossible to design a rule that involves strict monotonic decrease of all components, and results in premature stagnation. In this paper a Hybrid Non-Monotone Cubic (HNMC) line-search algorithm for unconstrained multi-objective optimization problems is proposed. The proposed approach integrates cubic interpolation with two non-monotone reference mechanisms, i.e. sliding window maximum and exponential moving average. A subset-based Armijo acceptance rule is used to permit controlled …

Role Of Eccentricity-Based Topological Indices In Predictive Modeling Of Physicochemical Properties Of Monocyclic Aromatic Compounds, Balkishbanu Khaji, Shahistha Hanif, K Arathi Bhat

Baghdad Science Journal

Topological indices are numerical molecular descriptors in quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPR) models. The connectivity-based topological indices play a vital role in mathematical chemistry. In this article, we demonstrate the predictive power of some eccentricity-based topological indices among monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Though a number of indices and several properties are considered, it is found that only the atom bond connectivity eccentricity index and geometric arithmetic eccentricity index exhibit strong correlation with properties like molecular weight, boiling point, and Log P, where P is the partition coefficient associated with the compound. Further, new helpful closed formulae for these indices for some …

Non-Linear Programming For Ar(2) Parameter Estimation: Gradient Projection And Convex Quadratic Programming Methods, Halah Fadhil Hussein Al-Hakeem, Murtaza Khan

Baghdad Science Journal

Assessing parameters in autoregressive (AR) models is a fundamental aspect of time-series analysis and is widely used in fields such as finance, climate science, and engineering. Ordinary least squares and maximum likelihood estimation are commonly used for this purpose, but their performance can be affected when the estimation process is subject to complex constraints. In this study, two nonlinear programming techniques—the Gradient Projection (GP) method and Convex Quadratic Programming (CQP) based on the complementary pivot algorithm—were examined for estimating the parameters of an AR(2) model. The two nonlinear methods were compared with traditional estimation techniques using the Mean Squared Error …

Emotional Rescue: Junior Women Academic’ Experiences On Emotional Labor And Academic Identity Work, M. Ikhwan Maulana Haeruddin, Sigal G. Barsade, Annisa Ciptagustia

The Qualitative Report

This study explores the emotional challenges and identity work processes experienced by junior women academics as they navigate the complexities of academia. Through semi-structured qualitative interviews, the research highlights how gender-based power imbalances, workplace culture, and pressure to meet high expectations shape their daily experiences. The rationale for this study is built on the growing body of research that has documented the unique challenges and barriers faced by women faculty, particularly at the early stages of their academic careers. Studies have consistently highlighted the emotional toll of managing professional identities, negotiating gendered expectations, and contending with systemic biases and exclusion …

Being A Padawan And Mastering The Force: A Dissertation Quest, Papia Bawa

The Qualitative Report

This study explores the experiences of one doctoral researcher and two doctoral peers navigating mentor-mentee relationships through a literary lens, employing autoethnographic methods to capture the nuanced dynamics of guidance, expectation, and emotional labor. Data were drawn from narratives found in reflective journals, personal memos, email exchanges, text messages and conversations with four faculty mentors and two doctoral peers accumulated through the doctoral journey.  The narratives were analyzed using thematic analysis. Using vignettes and incident reports, the research highlights key turning moments in the doctoral journey that shaped perceptions of mentorship, emphasizing both the cognitive and affective dimensions of academic …

Constructing An Inferior Identity: Special Educational Needs Students Under Inclusive Education In Hong Kong, Jesse W. C. Yip, Anna H. N. Ng

The Qualitative Report

Inclusive education has been in place for approximately three decades in Hong Kong, and previous research has predominantly focused on examining its effectiveness from the perspectives of teachers, policy makers, and healthcare professionals. However, there has been limited investigation into the personal experiences of students with special educational needs (SEN) who are integrated into mainstream schools. This study employing narrative inquiry explores the identity formation of eight SEN students throughout their 20-year learning journey within Hong Kong’s inclusive education system. The results revealed that the participants developed an identity of inferiority, which encompassed three key themes: experiencing school bullying, feeling …

Interpretative Repertoires Of Resilience Among Beginning Teachers In Chile, Paula Villalobos-Vergara, Diego Palacios, Joel Alvarez Ruf, Rodrigo Vergara Ortuzar

The Qualitative Report

In this study, we analyze how beginning teachers in Chile construct meanings around resilience during their first year of professional induction, within a context of intensified teachers’ work and limited institutional support. Drawing on a socioecological perspective and Critical Discursive Psychology, we developed a qualitative design focused on interpretative repertoires. Ten beginning teachers from various subject areas, educational levels, and regions participated, with each being interviewed at two time points, six months apart. Through an abductive analysis, we identified three affective–discursive repertoires. The first construct enters the profession as a generational tension, in which innovation is associated with youth, while, …