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First Type S-Convex Function On Complex Plane, Sofihara Al Hazmy, Endang Cahya Mulyaning Asih, Al Azhary Masta, Encum Sumiaty

Baghdad Science Journal

Some uses of the convexity of a function are to find the optimal value of the function. In certain domains, the first type s-convex function is a generalization of the convex function, and studies on the optimality of the first type s-convex function are still few. What is studied in this article includes the optimality of the first type s-convex function in the complex plane. Among them, the "monotonicity" property of the first-type convex function on a ray, continuity at the origin, and justification that the first-type s-convex function in the complex plane reaches its minimum value at the origin …

A Hybrid Non-Monotone Cubic Line-Search Method With Subset-Based Armijo Acceptance For Multi-Objective Optimization, Jwan Nasrulla, Ivan. Latif

Baghdad Science Journal

Line-search techniques are vital to first-order optimization algorithms because they provide stable and efficient convergence. In multi-objective optimization, designing effective step-length rules is especially difficult because conflicting objectives are involved, and such situations make it often impossible to design a rule that involves strict monotonic decrease of all components, and results in premature stagnation. In this paper a Hybrid Non-Monotone Cubic (HNMC) line-search algorithm for unconstrained multi-objective optimization problems is proposed. The proposed approach integrates cubic interpolation with two non-monotone reference mechanisms, i.e. sliding window maximum and exponential moving average. A subset-based Armijo acceptance rule is used to permit controlled …

Role Of Eccentricity-Based Topological Indices In Predictive Modeling Of Physicochemical Properties Of Monocyclic Aromatic Compounds, Balkishbanu Khaji, Shahistha Hanif, K Arathi Bhat

Baghdad Science Journal

Topological indices are numerical molecular descriptors in quantitative structure-property relationships (QSPR) models. The connectivity-based topological indices play a vital role in mathematical chemistry. In this article, we demonstrate the predictive power of some eccentricity-based topological indices among monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Though a number of indices and several properties are considered, it is found that only the atom bond connectivity eccentricity index and geometric arithmetic eccentricity index exhibit strong correlation with properties like molecular weight, boiling point, and Log P, where P is the partition coefficient associated with the compound. Further, new helpful closed formulae for these indices for some …

Non-Linear Programming For Ar(2) Parameter Estimation: Gradient Projection And Convex Quadratic Programming Methods, Halah Fadhil Hussein Al-Hakeem, Murtaza Khan

Baghdad Science Journal

Assessing parameters in autoregressive (AR) models is a fundamental aspect of time-series analysis and is widely used in fields such as finance, climate science, and engineering. Ordinary least squares and maximum likelihood estimation are commonly used for this purpose, but their performance can be affected when the estimation process is subject to complex constraints. In this study, two nonlinear programming techniques—the Gradient Projection (GP) method and Convex Quadratic Programming (CQP) based on the complementary pivot algorithm—were examined for estimating the parameters of an AR(2) model. The two nonlinear methods were compared with traditional estimation techniques using the Mean Squared Error …

Emotional Rescue: Junior Women Academic’ Experiences On Emotional Labor And Academic Identity Work, M. Ikhwan Maulana Haeruddin, Sigal G. Barsade, Annisa Ciptagustia

The Qualitative Report

This study explores the emotional challenges and identity work processes experienced by junior women academics as they navigate the complexities of academia. Through semi-structured qualitative interviews, the research highlights how gender-based power imbalances, workplace culture, and pressure to meet high expectations shape their daily experiences. The rationale for this study is built on the growing body of research that has documented the unique challenges and barriers faced by women faculty, particularly at the early stages of their academic careers. Studies have consistently highlighted the emotional toll of managing professional identities, negotiating gendered expectations, and contending with systemic biases and exclusion …

Being A Padawan And Mastering The Force: A Dissertation Quest, Papia Bawa

The Qualitative Report

This study explores the experiences of one doctoral researcher and two doctoral peers navigating mentor-mentee relationships through a literary lens, employing autoethnographic methods to capture the nuanced dynamics of guidance, expectation, and emotional labor. Data were drawn from narratives found in reflective journals, personal memos, email exchanges, text messages and conversations with four faculty mentors and two doctoral peers accumulated through the doctoral journey.  The narratives were analyzed using thematic analysis. Using vignettes and incident reports, the research highlights key turning moments in the doctoral journey that shaped perceptions of mentorship, emphasizing both the cognitive and affective dimensions of academic …

Constructing An Inferior Identity: Special Educational Needs Students Under Inclusive Education In Hong Kong, Jesse W. C. Yip, Anna H. N. Ng

The Qualitative Report

Inclusive education has been in place for approximately three decades in Hong Kong, and previous research has predominantly focused on examining its effectiveness from the perspectives of teachers, policy makers, and healthcare professionals. However, there has been limited investigation into the personal experiences of students with special educational needs (SEN) who are integrated into mainstream schools. This study employing narrative inquiry explores the identity formation of eight SEN students throughout their 20-year learning journey within Hong Kong’s inclusive education system. The results revealed that the participants developed an identity of inferiority, which encompassed three key themes: experiencing school bullying, feeling …

Interpretative Repertoires Of Resilience Among Beginning Teachers In Chile, Paula Villalobos-Vergara, Diego Palacios, Joel Alvarez Ruf, Rodrigo Vergara Ortuzar

The Qualitative Report

In this study, we analyze how beginning teachers in Chile construct meanings around resilience during their first year of professional induction, within a context of intensified teachers’ work and limited institutional support. Drawing on a socioecological perspective and Critical Discursive Psychology, we developed a qualitative design focused on interpretative repertoires. Ten beginning teachers from various subject areas, educational levels, and regions participated, with each being interviewed at two time points, six months apart. Through an abductive analysis, we identified three affective–discursive repertoires. The first construct enters the profession as a generational tension, in which innovation is associated with youth, while, …

Calm, Connection, Or Just Compensation: A Qualitative Investigation Of Subjective Adolescent Experiences With Behavioral Health Interventions Within A Clinical Trial, Talia Thompson, Katherine Thompson, Sarah Perzow, Holly Spinner, Bentley Porterfield-Finn, Lauren D. Gulley, Rachel G. Lucas-Thompson, Isabel Thorstad, Laura Pyle, Molly Basch, Megan J. Moran, Marian Tanofsky-Kraff, Megan M. Kelsey, Eleanor R. Mackey, Lauren B. Shomaker

The Qualitative Report

Adolescent mental health and cardiometabolic concerns are at an all-time high, necessitating the development of acceptable, feasible, and effective interventions. Investigations of behavioral health interventions with teenagers must incorporate a means of understanding how adolescents perceive and engage with an intervention, and the relevance and meaning they ascribe to its therapeutic goals, as these potentially modifiable factors may ultimately influence future uptake, sustainability, and effectiveness of the interventions. Qualitative research methods provide well-established, rigorous frameworks for addressing these questions, but are underutilized in pediatric research. This qualitative study is part of a multisite, pilot, and feasibility randomized controlled trial of …

When Business Ventures Scale Faster Than People Systems: Hrd In The Ai-Enabled Start-Up Boom, Rob E. Carpenter

Human Resource Development Faculty Publications and Presentations

The surge in U.S. business formation has been accelerated by generative artificial intelligence (AI) and is often interpreted as evidence of renewed economic vitality. This perspective argues that the same trend also creates a consequential challenge for human resource development (HRD). This is because new ventures may achieve commercial reach and technical capability before developing the human systems needed to support learning, judgment, coordination, and workforce development. This temporal imbalance is theorized as venture heterochrony. Its accumulated human and organizational consequences are conceptualized as organizational formation debt. These constructs explain how AI-enabled speed can obscure weakness in knowledge …

Novel 1,2,3-Triazole-Saccharin Derivatives As Potential Antioxidants: Green Synthesis, Molecular Docking, Dft And Admet Studies, Haitham Fadhil Abdulhasan, Hayder Raheem Ali, Sawsan K. Abbas, Ali Mohammed Kadhim, Jalal Jameel Jahil, Ali Raheem Abbas, Noor Mohammed Abdulsada

Baghdad Science Journal

Novel derivatives of 1,2,3-triazoles bearing a saccharin part (4a-g) were synthesized and produced as promising antioxidant compounds. FTIR, ¹H NMR, and ¹³C NMR spectroscopy were used to confirm the structures of the produced compounds. The in vitro synthesized compounds' antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging test. The evaluation revealed that compound 4e exhibited the highest scavenging activity with an IC₅₀ value of 34.65 ± 0.53 μg/mL, outperforming the reference standard ascorbic acid (IC₅₀ = 46.38 ± 0.27 μg/mL), while compound 4f demonstrated significant free radical scavenging action with an …

The Trope Of Absent Mothers In Celestial Bodies By Jokha Alharthi, Mona Almaeen

Journal of Arabic Sciences and Humanities

This study examines Jokha Alharthi's use of the trope of absent mothers, both physical and emotional, in her widely acclaimed novel Celestial Bodies (2011, translated 2019). This research argues that maternal absence serves two purposes: It facilitates omniscient access to the private sphere of family life, which is typically restricted by traditional ideals of privacy, and it centralizes maternal presence within historical narrative. Adopting both textual and contextual approaches, the current investigation reveals that Alharthi's depiction of absent motherhood presents a nuanced understanding of various formative factors of the mother–child dyad. This depiction resists homogeneous feminist views of motherhood as …

Smart Applications To Enhance English Language Skills: The Role Of Self-Learning Motivation As A Mediating Variable, Mahmoud Sabri Alasal

Journal of Arabic Sciences and Humanities

This study aims to examine the impact of using smart applications on learners' English language skills in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, focusing on self-learning motivation as a mediating variable. The study adopted a quantitative research methodology using a standardized questionnaire to measure the impact of key variables: smart application use, self-learning motivation, and English language skills. Data was collected from 212 learners at higher education institutions in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia using a five-point Likert scale. The results of the statistical analysis showed a positive and statistically significant impact of using smart applications on improving English language skills. It was …

Asking Questions Of The Data: Operationalizing The Disruptive Aims Of Poststructural Discourse Analysis, Maxxine Rattner

The Qualitative Report

I wrote this paper to support qualitative researchers in accessibly engaging with poststructural discourse analysis. In it, I detail how I flexibly adapted this methodology to meet my study’s aims. I begin by outlining poststructural understandings of discourse and explaining why a researcher may choose a poststructural discourse analysis for a study’s theoretical and methodological framework. While published poststructural discourse analyses commonly draw upon Foucauldian concepts to guide analysis, in this paper I share a more expansive approach. I demonstrate how developing and asking questions of the data can be one way to analyze diverse texts for the presence of …

Assessment Of Antimicrobial Sensitivity Patterns For Streptococcus Spp. Isolated From Tonsillitis Among Children And Adults Patients, Zainab Sahib A. Quraish, Noora A. Hassan, Aya Khaled Moaain

Muthanna Medical Journal

Tonsillitis characterizes by sever inflammation; acute or chronic in the pharyngeal tonsil of throat, represent an important clinical issue and commons in all ages over worldwide, caused by streptococcus bacteria especially Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria are responsible for most cases of tonsilitis besides virus, fungal and other type of bacteria. The objective of the present study to assessment of antimicrobial sensitivity patterns rather than the resistant strain of Streptococcus (Streptococcus pyogenes) among children and adult patients. The present study involved Thirty-six of throat swab specimens taken from children and adults' patients with tonsillitis. The results presented that the most …

Serum Tslp Levels And Rs1837253 Gene Polymorphism In Psoriasis Patients: Correlation With Disease Severity, Atheer Falah Kadhim Al-Fatlawi, Hams Hussain Hashim Handool Alfattli

Muthanna Medical Journal

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated skin disease driven by IL-23/Th17 axis. TSLP, an epithelial-derived alarmin cytokine, has emerged as an upstream regulator of psoriasis, TSLP rs1837253 has been proposed as a functional variant influencing TSLP secretion, although its role in psoriasis remains insufficiently characterized. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate serum TSLP levels in relation to disease severity (PASI) and to determine the genotypic and allelic distribution of the TSLP rs1837253 polymorphism in psoriasis patients compared with controls. Methods: Sixty patients with psoriasis and 60 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited. Serum TSLP was quantified by ELISA, and …

Integrating Mrcp Into Preoperative Difficulty Scoring To Predict Challenging Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Prospective Iraqi Cohort Study, Raad Fadhel Al-Rubaey

Muthanna Medical Journal

Background: The identification of the difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is important for operative planning, patient counselling, and minimizing intra-operative complications. Abdominal ultrasonography is a routine part of the preoperative evaluation, but may not identify biliary anatomic variations or undetected ductal disease. When used as part of a structured preoperative scoring system, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) may prove to be more helpful in predicting the outcome.
Objective: To determine if the addition of MRCP findings to a modified preoperative score for laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) will improve prediction of the difficulty of the procedure.
Methods: In this prospective observational study, 86 patients …

Representations Of The Asian Other In Contemporary Saudi Fiction: The Self–Other Dialectic, Adel Musaylih Salhan Almuthaybiri

Journal of Arabic Sciences and Humanities

This study explores how contemporary Saudi fiction represents the Asian Other، using a descriptive-analytical approach informed by image studies، cultural criticism، and postcolonial theory. While modern Arab literary criticism often focuses on the Western Other، the Asian Other remains understudied despite its significant presence in Saudi society. The analysis examines seven novels by authors from various generations and backgrounds. It finds that the depiction of the Asian Other is multidimensional، constructed across three interconnected levels: its geographic context، its role within the social space of the self، and its function in narrative discourse. The findings indicate that the image of …

Methodology Of Sibṭ Ibn Al-ʻAjamī Alābn (Died 1479) In His Book: Kunūz Al-Dhahab Fī Tārīkhḥalab, Sami Ghazi Al-Anzi

Journal of Arabic Sciences and Humanities

The research examines the methodology of Sibṭ Ibn al-ʿAjami (the son), who died in 884 AH, as well as his critical approach and the way he structured his book Kunūz al-Dhahab fī Tārīkh Ḥalab (Treasures of Gold in the History of Aleppo). The study primarily aims to analyze his methodology, explore his approach, and examine his writing style. It adopts the historical research methods, analyzing the book’s texts and deriving the characteristics of his methodology in compiling it. One of the main findings of the study is that the book is essentially a concise encyclopedia about the city of Aleppo, …

The Danishmend Dynasty And Their Political Relationship With The Crusader Emirates The Emirates Of Edessa And Antioch As A Model (490-552 Ah / 1097-1157 Ad), Ali Mohammed Al-Neghaimshi

Journal of Arabic Sciences and Humanities

This research examines the role of the Danishmend family in Anatolia and northern Syria during the period (490–552 AH / 1097–1157 AD), and analyzes the nature of their political relations with the Crusader states, taking the principalities of Edessa and Antioch as a model for study, with the aim of highlighting their political and military positions in light of the transformations that the region witnessed after the First Crusade. The research focuses on the forms of interaction between the two sides, which varied between direct military conflict, temporary alliances, and political truces, according to the balance of power and regional …

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Saudi National Systems And Regulations In Reducing Domestic Violence The Protection From Abuse System And The Child Protection System As Models, Salwa Daud Saad Bindaud

Journal of Arabic Sciences and Humanities

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the Protection from Abuse System and the Child Protection System in reducing domestic violence from the perspective of workers in family protection centers. The researcher employed the social survey method as the study’s methodological approach. The study population consisted of all employees working in family protection centers across all regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, totaling (355) individuals. A sample of (215) participants was selected. The questionnaire was used as the primary data collection instrument.

The study yielded several key findings, including:

1. The level of effectiveness of the Protection from …

Linguistic Collocation And Its Effect On Lexical Cohesion In Surah Saba: A Textual Study, Hamad Bin Abdullah Bin Hamad Al-Saif, Ibtisam Bint Abdulaziz Al-Rashidi

Journal of Arabic Sciences and Humanities

This research examines one of the means of lexical cohesion: collocation in Surah Saba. It does so through a textual analysis aimed at revealing the function of collocation in achieving cohesion and semantic coherence within the Quranic text. The research comprises an introduction, a preface, three main sections (the first on antonymy, the second on contrast, and the third on the relationship between the part and the whole), and a conclusion summarizing the most important findings. These findings include the conclusion that Surah Saba contains all three means of collocation, and their application contributes to highlighting the cohesion of the …

From Morphological Patterns To Meaning: A Calculus Of Arabic Morphology For Morphologically Aware Machine Translation, Saleh Belhassen, Ahmed Hakami

Journal of Arabic Sciences and Humanities

The computational processing of Arabic morphology presents a substantial challenge due to its intricate, non-concatenative root-and-pattern structure, which often leads to semantic ambiguity in translation. This paper introduces the Pattern Matrix Calculus (PMC), a mathematical and algorithmic framework that formalizes Arabic derivational morphology as an algebra of computable functions. Word formation is conceptualized as W = V(P(R)) — meaning that a word (W) is generated by applying a morphological pattern (P) to a consonantal root (R) and then adding vocalization (V). Derivational patterns are encoded as matrices, enabling operations such as comparison, composition, and direct inference of morphological meaning (i.e., …

Dynamic Graph Mamba Model For Crime Count Forecasting Based On Adaptive Geographic Fusion, Wadhah R. Baiee

Journal of Intelligent Informatics, Networking, and Cybersecurity

Daily crime counts are hard to predict due to variations in the patterns of crime across neighborhoods and over time, as well as that the patterns vary by offence type. Areas with a shared border can give different information for forecasts than areas with similar crime histories. This study investigates if the joint use of these two relationships would give better prediction than using one or the other, and whether the algorithm can be adapted to the frequent occurrence of zeros and variance greater than the mean. It evaluates the functionality of Dynamic Graph Mamba for Crime Prediction (DG-Mamba-CP), a …

Academic Performance In College Students: The Roles Of Physical Activity, Perceived Academic Control, And Bmi, Erin Vanderbunt, Jenna Woolley

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology

Volume 7: Issue 1, Article 3, 2026.  Background: Health behaviors and motivational factors are increasingly recognized as contributors to academic performance in college students. Physical activity (PA), perceived academic control (PAC), and body mass index (BMI) have each been linked to academic outcomes, yet their combined effects remain understudied. Purpose: To examine the relationships between PA, PAC, BMI, and academic performance in undergraduate students. Methods: A total of 299 undergraduates from a regional Midwestern university participated in this study. Students completed a survey assessing demographic variables, physical activity (via IPAQ-SF), PAC, BMI, and self-reported academic performance on a …

Analyzing Accessibility And Efficacy Of One Research Survey Website To Test Readability Of Physical Activity Promotion Material Disseminated Online: A Mixed Methods Pilot Study, Jafra D. Thomas, Anuraj Dhillon, Yi Sheng Wu, Jasmine C. Wong, Regina F. Hockert

Topics in Exercise Science and Kinesiology

Volume 7: Issue 1, Article 2, 2026.  Accessibility is the effort and ability required to access and navigate environments and participate in activities. Physical activity educational materials disseminated to the public and used within behavior change interventions may be hard to read and navigate, decreasing their accessibility and a study’s validity. This study documented, and addressed, issues that may hinder researchers’ ability to gauge accessibility of their online educational materials using the cloze procedure (a direct readability measure, requires guessing missing words from text passages). A multi-stage, mixed methods pilot study was utilized (August 2022 to May 2023). Phase 1: …

Communication & Theater Association Of Minnesota Journal, Volume 49, Issue 2, 2026

Communication and Theater Association of Minnesota Journal

Volume 49, Issue 2 (2026) of the Communication & Theater Association of Minnesota Journal.

Ctamj Forum On Mshsl Activities: One Act, Tony Hartmann, Allee Nickolauson, Grif Sadow

Communication and Theater Association of Minnesota Journal

The CTAM Journal seeks to raise up voices from notable interest groups. Occasionally, individuals are asked to share their thoughts on issues that pertain to the target readership of CTAMJ.

For this special forum, three coaches share their voices on Minnesota State High School One Act: Tony Hartmann (Belle Plaine), Allee Nickolauson (Fergus Falls), and Grif Sadow (Stillwater).

Overcoming The Blank Page: In Class Ai Brainstorming For Public Speaking Topics, Jacquelyn K. Seymour

Communication and Theater Association of Minnesota Journal

This activity introduces students to their speech assignment, allows for a discussion on the ethical uses of AI, and allows for class-wide use of AI to select speech topics (Slade et al., 2025). Ideally, every student will leave class with a topic for their speech to begin the process of research and writing rather than be stuck on selecting a topic.

The Public Speaking Survival Kit: A Personalized And Holistic Approach To Managing Speech Anxiety, Sydney Kamm

Communication and Theater Association of Minnesota Journal

Speech anxiety is a common stressor for students in public speaking classes (McCroskey, 1977) and is a particular worry for Gen Z students (Wahed & Palmer-Wackerly, 2026), yet it is often treated superficially in curricula and textbooks. When instruction centers on generic advice, students are left unequipped to manage anxiety that directly affects performance. Although delivery is graded, many “poor delivery” habits—fidgeting, filler words, lack of eye contact—stem from unmanaged anxiety (Bodie, 2010). This activity addresses that gap through a holistic approach that integrates cognitive, behavioral, and physiological dimensions. Informed by my experience with a neurological condition that causes physical …