Digital Commons Network^™

Exact Integer Time, Whole-Number Phases And A Network Mode That Sends Laws Of Motion, Kyle Kimberlin

Defensive Publications Series

A method for simulations that must agree bit for bit on every machine. Time is a signed 64-bit count of 1/480-second steps from a fixed UTC instant, plus an 11-bit fraction for drawing at the display's predicted time, and is never accumulated from frame times. Every periodic motion has a whole number of cycles in a period of 2^21 steps, so its phase is a single wrapping 32-bit multiplication that is exact on every CPU and GPU. Sine, cosine, exponentials, logarithms and square roots use fixed-point arithmetic and tables from one integer-only generator, with CPU and GPU implementations tested for …

Certified Caches On Time Laws, And Drivers That Move Frames, Kyle Kimberlin

Defensive Publications Series

A method for keeping simulation and rendering caches valid while a world keeps moving. Every changing value has a time form: Still, Law (a closed formula of time), Live (stepped by a solver) or Folded (an empty area whose laws run at no cost). A law is stored as a few 32-bit words and evaluated by integer-only evaluators that give identical bits on CPU and GPU, and each law carries an envelope and a largest rate derived from its own arithmetic. Every cached fact carries a certificate: the earliest time step at which a law it depends on could leave …

Sun Shadows Decided Per Receiver From The Light's Side, Kyle Kimberlin

Defensive Publications Series

A method for rendering sun shadows that decides visibility once per receiving surface, from the light's side, instead of tracing a shadow ray for every pixel. Each receiver (a light-facing face of a primitive, a region of a rounded face, a small or carved primitive, a coarse stand-in, or a ground tile) is classified against exactly the occluders its reference shadow rays can meet: LIT when no occluder's outer bounding box, grown by a floating-point margin, meets the shaft swept toward the light; DARK when every ray crosses one opaque occluder's inner box, proven to lie inside its solid; EDGE …

Physels Superquadric Shape Drawn By One Exact Ray Cast Per Pixel For 3d Computer Graphics And Physical Simulation, Kyle Kimberlin

Defensive Publications Series

A method for representing solid matter as small primitives and drawing them without triangle meshes. Each primitive (a physel) is a 32-byte record holding its position, rotation and half-sizes in its object's frame; four shape dials (two roundness exponents, a taper and a bevel) that select one shape from a single superquadric equation; two material identifiers and a blend; and a tint, a seed and flags. Every consumer evaluates the same exact shape: closed-form intersections for boxes, frustums, ellipsoids, cylinders and cones, Newton steps on exact distances for bevelled shapes, and for the rest a guarded Newton step that can …

Frame-Level 3d Biometric Provenance For Video, Thomas Eric Boldt

Defensive Publications Series

Frame-Level 3D Biometric Provenance for Video describes a method for proving that a previously authenticated person is genuinely present in every frame of a video recording, closing a gap that existing content provenance and deepfake defenses leave open.

Signing a video proves the file has not been altered after capture. It does not prove that the person on screen is who they claim to be, or that their face was not replaced. This disclosure addresses that gap with three linked techniques:

1. Trust handoff: an initial strong authentication of the subject (for example a passkey, ID check or human verifier) is …

Cores-1.0: Caldwell Open Research Ecosystem For Oncology Systems Analysis, Michael Victor Caldwell Mr.

Defensive Publications Series

ABSTRACT

1. Executive Summary & Statement of Intent

Recent clinical setbacks across high-profile oncological treatments (including mRNA-based immunotherapies and targeted solid-tumor therapeutics) underscore a persistent industry-wide challenge: therapies frequently fail not due to a lack of intrinsic molecular activity, but due to insurmountable physical, microenvironmental, and systemic barriers in the human body.

Rather than attempting to patent individual molecular entities or clinical interventions, this technical disclosure establishes CORES-1.0—a comprehensive, open-hardware research framework that integrates over 20 distinct modular sub-systems (CUCORE, UORS, C-OHRP, GCI #16-B, NFTDVE-1.0, Mariana-Caldwell, etc.). CORES-1.0 provides academic institutions, research labs, and open-source bioengineers with a standardized architecture …

Unifying Dna And Memory Systems, Peter Stevenson

Defensive Publications Series

Providing evidence that memory systems and DNA utilize exactly the same mechanisms for encoding

Spatially Aware Test Pattern Optimization, Kartikeya Pandey, Srinivas Vooka, Ajaykumar Prajapati

Defensive Publications Series

A scan test program for a large digital integrated circuit block typically contains thousands of automatic test pattern generation (ATPG) patterns.  A test engineer traditionally evaluates a reduction that saves automatic test equipment (ATE) time by a single die‑wide aggregate number that carries no spatial location information.  The rest of the die can therefore dilute a total coverage loss in a small region to a few hundredths of a percentage point (pp).  To address this deficiency, this disclosure describes a spatially weighted scoring method that resolves each fault to a grid cell and weights each lost fault exponentially by the …

Multi-User Agentic Collaboration On Shared Artifacts Within A Chat Interface, Lana Webb, Pramod Gupta

Defensive Publications Series

Digital productivity and coding environments are commonly single-player by design, imposing sequential workflows, while artificial intelligence (AI) assistants operate as per-user chatbots isolated from group conversations and shared artifacts. The disclosed technology provides a multi-user, multi-agent collaboration environment within a chat interface. Shared artifacts, such as documents and code, are attached to a group chat thread and rendered in a side-by-side panel that expands into a real-time collaborative editor. A shared agentic state makes the actions, reasoning, and context of one or more AI agents visible to and editable by all participants. The AI agents monitor interactions among participants and …

Computer Implemented Information Development And Recording System, Michael Jorgensen

Defensive Publications Series

The systems and methods described herein relate to a computer implemented system for information development and recording which maintains a complete history of all related data in a sequentially coherent state history. The present system is able to systematically update a specific method set used for the information development by use of the computer implemented recording and feedback elements. The origination of the system design is rooted in the concept that there is significant useful information that is lost to history in the industry standard methods of capturing detailed information disclosures and interacting with formal examination functions.

Dynamic Integration Of Sponsored Content In Generative Ai Imagery Via Auction-Based Semantic Slot Filling, Jyotika Bhatti

Defensive Publications Series

Systems for monetizing ambient display inventory on computing devices, such as smart televisions, smart displays, smartphones, or wearable devices, may face limitations, as some existing methods can be disruptive or lack dynamic scalability. The described technology relates to systems and methods for dynamically integrating sponsored content within imagery synthesized by a generative model. A process can involve generating a text prompt template with one or more auctionable semantic slots, for example, [slot: appliance]. A real-time auction may allow advertisers to bid on filling a slot with a descriptive text string for a product. A generative artificial intelligence model can then …

Interaction And Synthesis Techniques In Moredaw, A Browser-Based Music Workstation, Michael Winters

Defensive Publications Series

MoreDAW is a music workstation that runs in a web browser. This publication discloses five techniques it uses. (1) A circular note pad whose dots are laid out by phyllotaxis, each turned 137.5° (the golden angle) from the last, with other layouts including Fibonacci rings and a harmonic (Tonnetz) grid. Touch or mouse gestures on it are recorded against the musical beat and replayed on every loop pass. (2) Conducting a virtual orchestra with an ordinary mouse and no button held: the bottom of each down-up stroke is a beat that sets the tempo, and the size of the stroke …

Graph-Based System For Nosql Query Authoring, Validation, And Cost Estimation, Leonardo Nigro

Defensive Publications Series

Constructing and optimizing queries for schemaless, document-oriented non-relational (NoSQL) databases can be challenging due to implicit data relationships and opaque cost mechanics. The disclosed techniques describe a system for interactive, graph-based query authoring, validation, and cost estimation. This system can utilize a bidirectional, three-way synchronization engine to link natural language input, a visual graph representation, and executable query code through a canonical intermediate data model. A change made in one modality, for example, manipulating the visual graph or entering a plain-language request, can be translated by the engine to update the other representations. The system may also include a pre-execution …

Steering Mirrors In Follow Spot And Performer-Tracking Systems: A Documented History, 1920–2010, And A Disclosure Of Variants, Michel Honold, Paul Hermann

Defensive Publications Series

This publication documents the history of steering mirrors in follow spot and performer-tracking systems from 1920 to 2010 and discloses variants. A steering mirror (moving mirror, mirror head or mirror attachment) turns the beam of a stationary follow spot or other luminaire, so that only a light, low-inertia part moves: the beam responds faster, lags less behind the performer, moves steadily, and fewer parts move. Dated patents, trade press and manuals trace gimbal-mounted mirrors in front of a spotlight lens operated by hand, cords and motors from 1920; remote mirror follow spots such as the Telescan and the Pan Can; …

A Yolov8x Framework For Breast Lesion Localization Using Real-World Mammographic Images, Hadeel Abdul Majeed Ghazi, Yarub Alazzawi, Hussein Hasan Nsaif

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality among women worldwide, and early and accurate mammographic assessment is important for timely diagnosis and improved patient survival. However, accurate breast lesion detection requires overcoming the issues of low lesion contrast, dense breast tissue, image noise, and variation in mammographic acquisition. In this study, we present a YOLOv8x-based computer-aided detection framework for automated breast lesion localization in full-field digital mammography (FFDM) and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) images acquired under heterogeneous clinical conditions. The framework was developed and evaluated using 501 clinical mammographic images obtained from multiple mammography systems, namely GE …

Unified Visual Workflow For Managing The Machine Learning Model Lifecycle In A Data Warehouse, Leonardo Nigro

Defensive Publications Series

The development of machine learning models within data warehouses can present challenges, as it may depend on the manual authoring of complex structured query language (SQL) statements. A disclosed technology relates to a visually-guided workflow for managing the machine learning model lifecycle. A graphical user interface can guide a user through processes such as dataset selection, feature configuration, and model training. A SQL synthesizer layer can translate these visual inputs into executable SQL statements. A model definition registry can also store persistent, versioned blueprints of a model's configuration as shareable resources. This approach may simplify the end-to-end process of model …

Multi-Substrate-Coupled Consensus For Safe And Cost-Efficient Multi-Agent Remediation, Joe Leblanc

Defensive Publications Series

Managed distributed systems increasingly rely on artificial intelligence (AI) agents to remediate faults and configuration drift, but fully autonomous remediation can create significant operational risk, while requiring extensive human oversight or full-capability inference for every incident does not scale efficiently. A joint-coupled multi-agent remediation architecture is proposed herein in which a single dependency-graph-derived impact score, computed once per candidate remediation action, jointly drives consensus weighting and adaptive quorum, cryptographic and attestation posture, dissent-preserving memory engagement, and per-agent AI inference-resource allocation. A fifth substrate, substrate-observable behavioral trust, is jointly consumed by the four action-governing substrates. Structural invariants align consensus and cryptographic …

Predictive Key-Value Cache Prefilling And Loop Recovery For Multi-Model Agent Systems, Rohan Grover, Satish Kondalam, Muninder Sambi, Aman Ahuja

Defensive Publications Series

In multi-model artificial intelligence agent systems, performance may be affected by latency when a task is escalated from a smaller utility model to a larger frontier model, as this can involve recomputing the session’s key-value (KV) cache.  A stateful orchestration gateway can monitor an agent's session to manage context across different models. For example, the gateway can use idle periods, such as during an external tool call, to predictively pre-compute the KV cache for a potential escalation. The gateway can also detect agentic loops, roll back the KV cache to a last known good state, inject a summary of the …

Earning The Right To Act, Volodymyr Kotegov

Defensive Publications Series

Safety Is Designed Before Capability Growth: Boundaries, stop mechanisms, verification criteria, and rules for expanding authority must exist before the system receives the corresponding freedom. “We’ll patch it later” does not work when the consequence is irreversible.

A Claim Is Not Evidence: Neither the developers’ words (“we checked everything”) nor the system’s own words (“I am safe”) count as engineering evidence. Trust is built on a structure of checks that can be independently repeated.

Freedom Grows in Steps, Alongside Verifiability: Autonomy is not a switch but a set of distinct authorities. Each step requires its own basis, and verification depth …

Verified Intent Execution (Vix), Volodymyr Kotegov

Defensive Publications Series

VIX is an autonomous system for the synthesis, formal verification, execution and controlled evolution of computational systems. It transforms high-level business goals into verifiable behavioural models and executable Dataflow structures, independently explores alternative algorithms and architectures, enforces mandatory invariants, and can propose alternative interpretations of goals without activating them unless authorised.

VIX manages the full life-cycle of a computational realisation: interpretation of business intent, synthesis of candidates, verification, execution, observation of behaviour, and safe modification of the running system. The human does not write implementation code, does not manually enter mathematical formulae, and is not required to understand internal formal …

Modular System With A Detachable Charging Core And Interchangeable Host Housings, Alexander Suen, Raghu Srivatsa, Michel Jiang, Thomas Bock

Defensive Publications Series

Charging systems for portable electronic devices, such as smartphones or smart watches, can utilize a monolithic design with a captive cable, which may reduce portability, and create cable clutter. A system can include a modular charging system comprising a detachable, non-captive charging core. This core may feature a device-specific charging interface on one surface and a standardized power input, such as a universal serial bus type-c port, on another. The core can be interchangeably docked into various host housings, for example, a protective keychain carrier, a direct-mated portable battery sled, or a desktop stand. This modular architecture can decouple the …

Design-Accurate Generative Rendering Of Engineered Structures Into Photographs Of A Real Site, With Verification Against The Design's Own Guide, Matthew Sexstone

Defensive Publications Series

A method and system for producing a photorealistic image of a planned structure — for example a deck, dock, patio, stair, railing, fence, pergola, or building addition — inside a photograph of the actual site, such that the rendered structure matches an engineered design rather than an approximation invented by an image-generation model. Structural geometry comes from a deterministic engineering model; a generative model supplies appearance only; a separate model verifies each render against a guide image derived from the design itself, and the system corrects or regenerates within a bound. Further sub-assemblies may be rendered onto an accepted result …

Data Without Borders, Sovereignty Without Guarantees: Cybersecurity Risks Of Cross-Border Data Hosting In The Global South, Evidence And Policy Lessons From Mozambique, Faztudo Languisse Eng.

Journal of Cybersecurity Education, Research and Practice

The digital transformation of public and private institutions across the Global South has produced a paradox: as states digitize government services, financial systems, and citizen records, an increasing share of this data is hosted on servers physically located in the United States, the European Union, and other developed economies. This article develops a taxonomy of the cybersecurity and sovereignty risks generated by this dependency, distinguishing deliberate risks, arising from extraterritorial legal instruments such as the United States CLOUD Act, foreign surveillance regimes, and a concentrated hyperscale cloud market, from non-deliberate risks, arising from undersea cable failures, hyperscaler outages, misconfiguration, and …

Capital, Infrastructure And Dispossession: A Socio-Spatial Fix Analysis Of Ikn Nusantara, Muhammad Arham, Wawan Kurniawan

Forest and Society

The relocation of Indonesia's capital city from Jakarta to Ibu Kota Nusantara (IKN) in East Kalimantan has officially been framed as a response to Jakarta's environmental crisis and a vehicle for national economic decentralization. Drawing on David Harvey's theory of the socio-spatial fix, this paper argues that IKN is better understood as a state-led strategy, operated to resolve crises of capital accumulation through the reorganization of land, infrastructure and territory in Kalimantan. This phenomenon has emerged through the alignment of state authority and capitalist interest rather than through a single, deliberate plan. The paper traces this fix through three interlocking …

Phenological Flexibility In Nesting Grassland Birds Over A Half Century Informs Timing Of Management, Kristin S. Ellis, Michael J. Anteau, Lawrence D. Igl, Garrett J. Macdonald, Neal D. Niemuth, Aaron T. Pearse, Jill A. Shaffer, Christine A. Ribic, Josh L. Vest, Masanori Abe, Daniel S. Ackerman, Marissa A. Ahlering, Johanna N. Alpert, Anahit Amiri, Kent Andersson, Jacqueline K. Augustine, Kristel K. Bakker, Jeffrey L. Beck, Adam C. Behney, Jacy S. Bernath-Plaisted, Todd R. Bogenschutz, Eric K. Bollinger, Lauren E. Bortolotti, Andy J. Boyce, Jeffrey D. Brawn, Fred C. Bryant, Andrew J. Campomizzi, Jay D. Carlisle, J Matthew Carroll, Rachel Carroll, John P. Carroll, Justin R. Clarke, Michael R. Conover, Reesa Y. Conrey, Jaime J. Coon, Kyle A. Cutting, Stephen K. Davis, Dawn M. Davis, Duane R. Diefenbach, Jonathan B. Dinkins, R Andrew Dreelin, Victoria J. Dreitz, Courtney J. Duchardt, Michael W. Eichholz, Susan N. Ellis-Felege, Kevin S. Ellison, Bradley C. Fedy, Samantha D. Fino, Robert J. Fletcher Jr, Dillon T. Fogarty, Samuel D. Fuhlendorf, Pamela R. Garrettson, Robert J. Gates, Erin L. Gelling, James J. Giacomo, Alex Glass, Cheri L. Gratto-Trevor, Ryan D. Haffele, Christian A. Hagen, Vanessa B. Harriman, Samuel W H Harryman, David A. Haukos, Robert T. Haynam, Heather A. Herakovich, James R. Herkert, Fidel Hernandez, Jason M. Hill, H Jeffrey Homan, Torre J. Hovick, Jonathan A. Jenks, William E. Jensen, Aaron N. Johnston, Sydney-Marie Jones, Carly S. Kelly, Kaylan M. Kemink, Silka L F Kempema, Dylan C. Kesler, Christopher P. Kirol, Robert W. Klaver, Page E. Klug, Jesse L. Kolar, Nicola Koper, Kyle J. Kuechle, Jonathan D. Lautenbach, Zoe M. Lebrun-Southcott, David W. Londe, Scott R. Loss, Cullen M. Mackenzie, Patrick A. Magee, Douglas L. Manzer, John P. Mccarty, Gywm Mckee, Ann E. Mckellar, Lance B. Mcnew, James R. Miller, Megan C. Milligan, Ashlee K. Minor, Rocco J. Murano, Les D. Murray, David E. Naugle, Clayton K. Nielsen, Christopher J. Norment, Sarah B. Ogden, Lindsay A. Parsons, Brian D. Peer, Noah G. Perlut, James C. Pittman, Christopher D. Pollentier, Larkin A. Powell, Aaron C. Pratt, John P. Pulliam, Nancy M. Raginski, Dan R. Reinking, Kaitlyn M. Reintsma, Terry Z. Riley, Kevin M. Ringelman, Joseph R. Robb, Scott K. Robinson, Andres N. Rosales, Charlotte L. Roy, Kayla A. Ruth, Brett K. Sandercock, Kevin K. Sedivec, Steve K. Sherrod, Justin J. Shew, Mason L. Sieges, Jenny L. Sika, Susan K. Skagen, Cassandra G. Skaggs, Joseph Smith, Jennifer A. Smith, Kurt D. Smith, Alex J. Solem, Joshua D. Stafford, Glenn E. Stauffer, Matthew D. Stephenson, Lee Sutcliffe, Amber E. Swicegood, Jason Tack, Evan P. Tanner, Catrina V. Terry, Wendy P. Tori, Ashley M. Unger, Kelly R. Vanbeek, William E. Vetter, Jay A. Vonbank, Brett L. Walker, Michael D. Whitson, Maiken Winter, Kimberly A. With, Donald H. Wolfe, Amy A. Yakel Adams, Benjamin Zuckerberg

United States Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services: Staff Publications

The timing of biological events for wildlife species reflects and influences ecological and evolutionary processes and helps guide management actions to meet conservation objectives. Climate change may cause phenological shifts across trophic levels and ecosystems, which can have broad ecological impacts. Shifts may also result in mistiming between management practices based on historical conditions and current biological events, reducing the effectiveness of natural resource management and conservation efforts. We analyzed nesting phenology patterns over recent decades across North America for 44 species of grassland-nesting birds, including waterfowl, upland gamebirds, shorebirds, and passerines, many of which have experienced precipitous population declines. …

Towards The Efforts Of Research Quality Improvement In India, Prof. Mohd. Ahsan, Dr. Naushad Husain

Jurnal Pendidikan Humaniora

Education is considered the backbone of any country, and research plays an analogous role for any education system. If we intend to develop our country, we should revive our education system, and for this drive, we have to relook at and improve the academic research carried out in our higher education system in general, and Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics in particular. Though India is excelling in the field of research in terms of quantity, the numbers are not at par with the developed countries like the US, China, Germany, the UK, Japan, etc. In the process of this quantitative …

More Than ‘School-Based’: Unpacking Definitions Of Literacy In Local Nonprofit Work, Angela J. Stefanski, Peggy S. Rice, Veronica M. Fife-Demski

Mid-Western Educational Researcher

This participatory action research explores how non-profit literacy initiatives in a Midwestern city define literacy as they engage in an ongoing collective effort to ‘move the needle’ on local literacy outcomes. Data for this study includes interviews, marketing materials, and participatory fieldnotes focusing on the work of 20 local initiatives. Analysis of the data reflects both compliance and resistance to institutionalized literacy norms. Additionally, findings demonstrate that where literacy occurs shapes how initiative leaders define literacy, including the involvement of community members in the shaping of the initiatives. The discussion includes recommended resources for researchers and local non-profit organizations focusing …

Control Or Support: Early Student Perceptions Of Generative Ai In A Course On Grading, Daniel Guberman

The Interdisciplinary Journal for Research on Pedagogy and Learning Design, Vol. 1, Issue 1., Fall 2026

In 2023, early faculty responses to generative AI often framed the classroom as adversarial, emphasizing plagiarism detection, bans, and returns to in-class assessments as mechanisms to control student behavior. This stance echoed longstanding critiques of grades as tools of control rather than support for learning. This reflective case study examines student perceptions of generative AI in a new Honors course on grading in higher education taught in fall 2023 to upper-level undergraduates from varied majors. Students used AI to develop and rehearse interview questions, they read contemporary instructor commentary on AI, and they discussed emerging AI-based feedback tools. Their reflections …

Silence And Whispering In The L2 Pragmatics Classroom: Duoethnographic Insights From A Vietnamese Context, Duong Minh Tuan, Le Thi Diem Lan

The Qualitative Report

This article examined how silence and whispering shape participation in an L2 pragmatics course for English majors at a Vietnamese university. Using a duoethnographic approach, we, as lecturer–researchers and the sole participants in this study, engaged in written dialogic exchanges over a 12-week semester, drawing on salient classroom incidents and institutional texts as prompts. Our dialogues revisited scenes in which students were quiet or whispered in Vietnamese, and we interrogated our shifting interpretations of those moments in light of scholarship on silence, L2 pragmatics, and language policy. Four themes emerged. First, silence as calibrated participation showed how students strategically modulated …

Tag, You Are It: Evaluating Artificial Intelligence And Faculty Alignment In Question Categorization Across Four Competency Frameworks, Morgan P. Stewart, Kevin Nguyen, Ashley Castleberry, Li-Wei Wu, Chanhyun Park, Justine Metri, Rahul Nohria

The Interdisciplinary Journal for Research on Pedagogy and Learning Design, Vol. 1, Issue 1., Fall 2026

Introduction 
Curricular mapping is essential in pharmacy education to evaluate student learning progression and identify curricular gaps. Faculty assessment tagging can be labor-intensive and subject to variability. Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, such as CompetencyGenie®, can automate tagging in a scalable manner. This case report evaluates CompetencyGenie’s® reliability relative to faculty tagging of pharmacy assessment items. 
Methods 
Faculty-tagged pharmacotherapy questions across four required domains were compared to CompetencyGenie® recommendations. Percentage agreement and Cohen's Kappa (κ) were used to quantify the degree of agreement. Results 
Sixty-two tagged questions were analyzed. Agreement was 59.7% for Bloom’s Taxonomy (κ = 0.57), 47.3% for COEPA …