Digital Commons Network^™

Simple Guide To Using Generative Artificial Intelligence Writing Tools In Research & Scholarship At Unh, Julie Simpson, Patricia Condon, Bonnie Brown, William C. Clyde, James J. Connell, Ramonda Kindle, Jennifer Miksis-Olds, Christopher Neefus, Jennifer O’Brien, Theresa Oehmke, Shantel Palacio, Allyson Ryder, Nathan A. Schwadron, John E. Sparrow, Xueting Sun, Engin Taze, May-Win Thein, Anita R. Tucker, Karen T. Van Gundy, James Wible

Integrity in Research and Scholarship

While Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies have existed for years, the recent arrival of widespread generative AI writing tools such as ChatGPT has provoked varied reactions in the scholarly community worldwide. Undoubtedly easy access to such tools may help to level the scholarly playing field for certain groups, particularly those with limited writing skills or proficiency with English as the primary language for written and oral communication of research and scholarship. There are, however, concerns about these tools, including, but not limited to, the accuracy, consistency, and bias of the information generated, appropriate acknowledgement of source material, and the tools’ lack …

Learning The Notes: Developing Absolute Pitch, Emma Joyce

Student Publications and Presentations

Absolute pitch (AP) is the ability to identify or name a musical pitch without the aid of a reference tone. Although the concept has been known for centuries, the processes of its development remain unclear. Researchers have proposed a variety of explanations, yet despite advances in neuroscience and cognitive psychology, there is still no agreement on whether AP results from natural ability or learned experience. By understanding neurological and developmental research, reviewing existing literature, analyzing case studies, and evaluating current theories, this paper aims to identify gaps in previous research and suggests a new approach for developing AP in young …

Moving On Stage, Moving The Audience: The Overlooked Impacts Of Body Language On Performance Reception Of Classical Music, Julia Jacobsen

Student Publications and Presentations

A large focus in productions of classical music is put towards executing the music at the highest level to achieve both the composer’s and interpreter’s visions. However, modern-day musicians often overlook the importance of visually conveying their music through their emotional expressions and movements. In this paper, I will examine existing research on audience perceptions of classical music performances, utilizing highly successful musicians as examples to determine their impact on audience reception of classical music. In so doing, I hope to develop strategies for greater audience engagement that will help music students and performers increase their connection to their auditors. …

Catalase Activity In The Presence Of Pure Flavonoids, Emily Weems, Erika L. Doctor

Student Publications and Presentations

Catalase is an enzyme which catalyzes hydrogen peroxide into water and molecular oxygen. Flavonoids inhibit catalase, which allows for a buildup of hydrogen peroxide in our bodies that is important when we are sick. Pure flavonoids, like those found in colorful fruits and vegetables, will inhibit catalase by reducing the enzymes’ ability to break down hydrogen peroxide. The pure flavonoids that we looked at are hesperidin and naringenin, found in citrus fruits, and quercetin, found in vegetables like onions and hot peppers. Plant flavonoids are seen to inhibit catalase but are found bounded to compounds like sugars while pure flavonoids …

Reproductive Season And Fecundity Reassessment Of Gopher Tortoises (Gopherus Polyphemus) In Southeastern Florida, Riley Waters

Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2020 - Present

The gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) breeding season occurs throughout spring and early summer across its distributional range, but recent research shows that in southeastern Florida, mating also occurs in the fall and winter months. This project evaluates the gopher tortoise’s extended reproductive season in southeastern Florida and female fecundity. The study, conducted at two locations in South Florida: Jupiter, FL and Boca Raton, FL, used field ultrasound equipment and radiographs to identify gravid females and determine clutch size. The data suggest a much earlier start to egg development and nesting, and the possibility of an extended egg development …

Modeling Early Human Heart Development Using An Ipsc-Based 3d Bioprinted Model Of Embryonic Heart Tube, Linqi Jin, Christian Park, Sunder Neelakantan, Shweta Karnik, Arnab Dey, Sarah Fineman, Roshni Nandwani, Carmen J Gil, Boeun Hwang, Melissa A Cadena, Vani Sridhar, Jing Wang, Yuxiao Wu, Connor J Evans, Lan Li, Sarah Rezapourdamanab, Mehdi Salar Amoli, Martin L Tomov, Ryan K Roeder, Reza Avazmohammadi, Lakshmi Prasad Dasi, Hanjoong Jo, Eric Weeks, Holly D Bauser-Heaton, Sean M Wu, Vahid Serpooshan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Human heart development depends on tightly coordinated genetic programs and biomechanical cues, yet the underlying cell-microenvironment interactions remain poorly understood because the developing heart is difficult to study in utero and accurate experimental models are lacking. Recent advances in stem cell biology and three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting now allow the construction of human tissue analogues with defined structure and function. Here we show a perfusable 3D bioprinted model of the human embryonic heart tube composed of layered myocardium, cardiac jelly, and endocardium. Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells are cultured under controlled flow conditions, producing constructs with high …

Engineering Function In Lung Biology: Integrating Imaging, Regenerative Constructs, And Functional Biodesign, Rene A Girard, Jamie Tran, Yuqing Cai, Mary C Farach-Carson, Hadi T Nia, Allison M Greaney, Laura E Niklason, Killian Hurley, Elvin Blanco, Sinem Koc-Günel, Harry Karmouty-Quintana

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The lung is a uniquely demanding target for regeneration because function depends on the coordinated integration of cellular diversity, three-dimensional architecture, cyclic mechanical forces, vascular perfusion, immune surveillance, and extracellular matrix remodeling. While single-cell and spatial profiling, lineage tracing, and iPSC-derived models have transformed our understanding of lung cell states and developmental potential, these descriptive approaches have also highlighted a central bottleneck: the field still lacks broadly adopted platforms to test whether engineered tissues and regenerative interventions restore function under physiologic load. In this review, we focus on emerging technologies that enable functional biodesign in lung biology by coupling engineered …

Oral Health-Related Quality Of Life (Ohrqol) In People With Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Systematic Review Of Interventional Studies, Sumanth Kumbargere Nagraj, Georgios Kitsaras, K. Bekes, C.L. Randall, K. Asimakopoulou

Peninsula Dental School

ObjectiveThis systematic review, the first in this field, aimed to evaluate if interventions for dentin hypersensitivity (DH) affect patient-reported oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL).MethodsA systematic search was conducted across seven electronic databases and gray literature sources, focusing on interventional studies published from 2010 onward. Eligible studies included adult participants with DH and assessed OHRQoL using validated measures. Data extraction followed the PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias was appraised using the JBI tool.ResultsThirteen randomized controlled trials involving 616 participants were included. Interventions ranged from desensitizing agents, fluoride varnishes, and laser therapy to nonpharmacological approaches like behavioral techniques. QoL was measured …

The Role Of Cannabinoid Receptors In Punishment-Driven Risky Decision Making, Sharoderick C. Lowe

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

Risky decision-making is a feature of mental health disorders such as substance use disorder and schizophrenia and is often linked to alterations in the brain’s cannabinoid system. However, how cannabinoid signaling regulates punishment-based risky decision-making remains unclear. To address this question, we assessed the effects of multiple cannabinoid drugs on risky decision-making in male and female Long-Evans rats using the Risky Decision-Making Task (RDT). Following training, rats received varying doses of Δ⁹-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; CB1/CB2 receptor partial agonist), ACEA (CB1 receptor agonist), Rimonabant (CB1 receptor inverse agonist), and AA-5-HT (FAAH inhibitor that increases endocannabinoid tone). THC did not alter risky choice …

An Exploration Of Attention And Breathing In Functional Voice Disorders, Kiley Hazelton Herr

Electronic Theses and Dissertations Archive

In functional voice disorders (FVD), voice dysfunction exists in excess or the absence of organic voice pathology. Modern etiologic frameworks emphasize cognitive, emotional, and autonomic processes in the onset and maintenance of symptoms, encapsulating FVD as a subtype of functional neurologic movement disorders (mFND). Despite extensive investigation into emotional aspects of FVD, cognitive aspects, notably attention, remain underexplored. Consequently, the mechanisms which catalyze predisposing factors into physical symptoms are incompletely understood. This multimodal study investigated whether individuals with FVD demonstrated differences in attentional processing and related physiological processes (i.e., breathing and autonomic regulation) compared to individuals with social anxiety (SA) …

Development Of Research Direction At The Hospital General De México In The Last Two Decades, Juan C. Lopez-Alvarenga, José D. Carrillo-Ruiz, Galileo Escobedo, América Guadalupe Arroyo Valerio, Miguel Fonseca-Sanchez, Gustavo Acosta-Altamirano

School of Medicine Publications

No abstract provided.

Interview No. 1818, Julianna Esparza

Combined Interviews

Julianna Esparza reflects on growing up in Segundo Barrio and how those experiences shaped her identity, activism and nonprofit work. This interview preserves personal memories and reflections about community transformation, education, and activism.

From Bench To Bedside: Unraveling The Role Of Sarm1 In Chronic Human Neurodegenerative Disease, Caitlin Dingwall

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

Axon degeneration (AxD) is an early and often causative event in many neurodegenerative diseases, yet no treatments exist to halt the breakdown of axons. In healthy axons, the axon survival factor NMNAT2 inhibits SARM1, the central executioner of programmed axon degeneration. NMNAT2 is a highly labile protein produced in the soma and trafficked into the axon. Nerve injury blocks axonal transport and leads to rapid depletion of axonal NMNAT2, causing NMN buildup and NAD+ loss. Recent breakthroughs led to the discovery that SARM1 is activated by an increase in the NMN to NAD+ ratio. While the SARM1 axon degeneration pathway …

Inhibition Of Cyclophilin D Rescues Cardiac Function And Bioenergetic Defects Caused By Neonatal Hypoxia, Jonathan R. Burris, Gisela Beutner, Min Yee, Bartholomew V. Simon, Michael F. Swartz, Kathryn B. Boudreau, Ethan D. Cohen, Chaitanya A. Kulkarni, Prottoy Hasan, Hongyue Wang, Karen L. De Mesy Bentley, György Hajnóczky, George M. Alfieris, Eric M. Small, Paul S. Brookes, Michael A. O'Reilly, George A. Porter

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Increased oxygen levels at birth regulate myocyte bioenergetic and structural maturation controlled by mitochondrial cyclophilin D (CypD). We evaluated mechanisms of neonatal hypoxic cardiac dysfunction by exposing neonatal mice to 12% oxygen and studied cardiac bioenergetics, myocyte maturation, and function. Hypoxia decreased the activity/assembly of electron transport chain complex I, uncoupled oxidative phosphorylation, increased proliferation, decreased differentiation, increased ventricular mass, and decreased cardiac function. CypD inhibition rescued most hypoxia-mediated effects and increased cardiac function. In conclusion, neonatal hypoxia alters cardiac bioenergetics, myocyte maturation, and cardiac function through CypD-dependent pathways, providing potential therapeutic targets for neonatal cardiac dysfunction.

Gender Bias And The Adhd Diagnosis Gap, Ashlee Depass

Student Publications and Presentations

Public conversations often question whether Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) receives too many diagnoses. At the same time, many girls and women report years of struggling without recognition or support. This contrast suggests that the issue may not simply be how often clinicians diagnose ADHD, but how they recognize it and whose symptoms prompt evaluation. ADHD does not present identically across individuals. Boys frequently display hyperactive or disruptive behaviors that draw attention in school and clinical settings. Girls more commonly experience inattentiveness, emotional intensity, or internal distress that may not disrupt others in obvious ways. When adults interpret these behaviors differently, they …

Circadian Genes In Fruit Flies: What They Teach Us About Human Sleep And Health, Laney Wilson, Mia Gonzalez, Kimberly Rowland

Student Publications and Presentations

Circadian rhythms are cycles developed internally that influence the behavioral and physiological changes that happen daily. They occur in organisms as diverse as humans and fruit flies. They are the product of “clock” genes that set the rhythm and tune them in response to changes in the ambient light. In the present study, we aimed to determine the contribution of functional clock genes to the circadian regulation of movement of the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. An equal number of wild-type flies (n = 5) and clock-mutant flies (n = 5) were placed in an incubator for 1 week to allow …

Animal-Assisted Therapy, Stress Regulation, And Mental Awareness, Kimberly Montenegro, Brandy Whitford

Student Publications and Presentations

Mental awareness refers to a person's ability to focus, regulate emotions, and respond to stress. When these capacities weaken, daily functioning can become more difficult. They depend on the body’s stress response system, particularly the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and brain regions such as the amygdala and prefrontal cortex. When chronic stress disrupts these systems, individuals often experience reduced attentional control and emotional instability. Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) has gained attention as a possible approach to reducing stress. Research on human-animal interaction shows that spending time with animals can lower cortisol levels and increase oxytocin, both of which influence stress responses. Studies …

The Effects Of The Opioid Crisis On Fentanyl Exhibitions, Onnalee Floriano

Student Publications and Presentations

The opioid crisis is an epidemic in which fentanyl related overdoses are becoming more common. With the increase in prescription and recreational drugs, there has been a rise in drug combinations and exhibitions in the United States. Fentanyl has been found to be combined with other opiates like heroin, cocaine, and methamphetamine, creating a higher risk of overdoses when being used recreationally. The National Forensic Laboratory Information System (NFLIS) is designed to collect drugs and understand the trends in where they are being seized. From 2015 to 2019, the NFLIS collected drugs in four groups, fentanyl alone, and fentanyl combinations …

Apoe Ε2 Potential Protection Against Long-Term Consequences Of Traumatic Brain Injury, Rebecca Faith Mesidort, Kimberly Rowland

Student Publications and Presentations

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) can alter the quality of life, often resulting in cognitive decline, neurodegeneration, or death. There have been no biological advances to resolve the long-term consequences of TBI. The APOE ε2 gene is widely known as a neuroprotectant for neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. However, the biological mechanisms of how APOE ε2 protects the against neurodegeneration is unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate APOE ε 2’s response to an environmental stimulus that leads to neurodegeneration, TBI and further investigate APOE ε2’s biological mechanisms. After inflicting blunt force trauma to our model organism …

High Performance Ae-Cnn Model Enhanced Via Gaussian Augmentation For Rssi-Dependent Indoor Positioning In Wireless Sensor Networks, Kahlaa K. Al-Nassrawy, Ghaidaa A Al-Sultany

Karbala International Journal of Modern Science

Precise indoor positioning system remains a significant challenge within Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) due to the instability and noise sensitivity of Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) data. This paper proposes an advanced hybrid deep learning framework designed for 2D indoor localization, utilizing RSSI measurements to predict human or object position. Furthermore, to enhance the robustness of the model against signal variance and promote its generalization capability under this uncertainty, a data augmentation strategy is applied using three methods: Gaussian Noise Injection (GNI), Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), and Bayesian Gaussian Mixture Model (BGMM). The purpose of data augmentation is to simulate …

Human Rights Education, Racism And Early Childhood Education In Brazil: A Systematic Review, Ana Tereza Ramos De Jesus Ferreira, Juliene Madureira Ferreira

International Journal of Human Rights Education

Brazil was the last country in South America to put an end to the 388-year slave trade. To justify the trade of people from Africa, a series of actions were taken to dehumanize the Black  population, namely racism. Thus, the culture, religion, clothes, and phenotypical characteristics of Black people were considered inferior to those of the White race, and this continues to impact the lives of the Black population, which suffers from social inequality, low-quality education, and low-paid jobs up to this day. Therefore, this review aims to investigate Brazilian literature on activities in early childhood education (ECE) to fight …

Steven Universe & The Phenomenon Of Family, Jabari J. Whipple

GS4 Student Scholars Symposium

This research analyzes Steven Universe, a modern animated television series created by Rebecca Sugar, through a sociological lens to explore how contemporary media redefines the concept of family. The study examines how nontraditional caregiving structures and emotionally based kinship challenge the boundaries of the nuclear family model. Using the theoretical frameworks of symbolic interactionism and feminist theory, this paper interprets family as a social construction formed through love, care, and shared experience rather than biology alone. A purposive sample of fifteen episodes across seasons one, three, and five was analyzed for depictions of caregiving, gender roles, and emotional labor. Findings …

Assessing Decision Making Under Risk And Dynamic Task Environments In Humans, Dylan J. Cato

GS4 Student Scholars Symposium

This research evaluates the theoretical foundations of recent embodied and enacted decision- making models(Baker., et al  2022) , specifically investigating whether "urgency" serves as a domain-general mechanism for reward-rate maximization. Across three experiments using a reward-performance contingency, we compare traditional decision-making frameworks with urgency-based theories to determine how participants navigate task demands and whether optimality assumptions hold (Reynaud, et al 2020). A primary focus involves testing whether motor excitability increases directly with evidence, or if "higher-level" deliberation occurs in parallel with se Using the Generalized Drift-Diffusion Model (GDDM) framework via PyDDM  (Shinn, et al 2020), we will …

Visitor Recreational And Purchasing Behavior At Perrot State Park, Madeline Palmer

Research & Creative Achievement Day

There is a need to widen the diversity of visitors and to enhance recreational experiences at state parks. This study evaluated visitor-reported metrics of recreational activities, purchasing behavior, and location preferences across a demographically diverse population at Perrot State Park in Trempealeau, Wisconsin. We compared park use across age classes and influence of visitor origin (zip code) and distance traveled on type of pass purchased (day versus annual). Data was collected via online surveys administered at Perrot State Park (n=77) through social media platforms (n=125). Findings indicated that the majority of visitors were traveling from within a 35-mile radius of …

Using Molecular Techniques To Determine The Different Echinostoma Species Found In The Diving Ducks And Dabbling Ducks Of Wisconsin, Emma R. Davis, Jaelyn Then, Sam T. Emery, Mackenzie L. Kastner, Ellie Sampson

Research & Creative Achievement Day

Echinostoma species are zoonotic intestinal trematodes that infect vertebrates through the consumption of infected aquatic intermediate hosts. Echinostomiasis in waterfowl can cause intestinal damage, weight loss, poor condition, reduce survival, and reproduction. The differences in the feeding habits of dabbling and diving ducks may impact their diet, so it can be assumed that these differences would impact the Echinostoma species that they harbor. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the dabbling ducks and diving ducks in Wisconsin host the same Echinostoma species, using molecular techniques. We compared one Gadwall (Maraca strepera) a dabbling duck from Trempealeau, WI, …

Investigating The Bioactivity Of Novel Β-Diketonate Complexes, Celeste Remolina, Dylan Wolfe

Research & Creative Achievement Day

Ruthenium β-diketonate complexes have emerged as promising chemotherapeutics due to their selective bioactivity against tumors. We assessed the bioactivity of novel synthesized ruthenium β-diketonate complexes on human cancer cells as well as wild-type cells. Using cell growth assays, we screened candidate ruthenium complexes and determined the IC50 value for effective candidates. Here we present a model for ruthenium-mediated growth inhibition

Parasite Prevalence In Local Grasshopper Populations, Lucia B. Freund, Ali Gronquist

Research & Creative Achievement Day

Spur-throated grasshoppers (genus Melanoplus) are a common agricultural pest in North America. Spur-throated grasshoppers are also a common host to several parasitic organisms. Horsehair worms (phylum Nematomorpha) are parasitic organisms known for their ability to manipulate the behavior of its insect host, particularly grasshoppers and crickets, by urging the host to enter water so it can complete its life cycle. Along with being a host to parasitic worms, they are a frequent target of grasshopper mites. Grasshopper mites (Eutrombidium locustarum) is a short-lived parasite that can negatively influence the reproductive ability of their host. Because grasshoppers are a major agricultural …

Assessment Of Airborne Cultural Fungi Indoors And Outdoors In A Rural Veterinary Clinic, Elena Ortez, Oluwatosin Jegede, Dorothy Seybold, Daeshjea Mcgee, Atin Adhikari, Ally Holmes

GS4 Student Scholars Symposium

Background and Objectives: Veterinary clinics can inadvertently release and propagate bacteria through several mechanisms, primarily due to contaminated surfaces, insufficient cleaning protocols, and, in some instances, direct transmission from infected animals or staff. Given that these clinics are high-traffic environments, they can serve as hotspots for clinic-acquired infections if rigorous hygiene practices are not upheld. This study evaluated airborne bacterial concentrations in different areas of a veterinary clinic compared to outdoor ambient air by calculating the indoor-to-outdoor ratios.

Methods: Airborne culturable bacterial samples were collected using a Biostage Impactor across eight internal zones including waiting areas, treatment rooms, and wards …

Coupling Deep Learning With Time-Dependent Scir Model For Predicting Social Media Mob Behaviors, Bismark Ampaw Offei

GS4 Student Scholars Symposium

In this study, we modified an epidemiological model of social media mob using deep learning methods to investigate information transmission using COVID-19 Twitter data from April to June 2021. Data collection was done using keywords, such as “covid 19”, “vaccine”, “lockdown”, and “quarantine” to simulate activity trends during the pandemic. In this work, we combine deep learning methods, including LSTMs and GRUs, with the susceptible-counter-infective-recovered (SCIR) model to forecast time-dependent parameters. Primary qualitative analyses, including the social media mob free equilibrium (MFE) point, the endemic equilibrium point, and the basic reproduction number ℜ₀, were performed. Our analysis shows …

Effects Of Exercise And Neuromuscular Stimulation On Neuroplasticity And Inflammation In Those With Dementia Risk, Kaitlyn J. Tanner, Collis D. Grace, Morgan A. Gragg, Lisa B. Niles-Meunier, Nicholas J. Siekirk

GS4 Student Scholars Symposium

BACKGROUND: Cognitive decline, prevalent in Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD), heightens fall risk. Exercise interventions can reduce fall risk by slowing or delaying cognitive decline. Use of multi-waveform neuromuscular electrical stimulation (MWF-NMES) as an exercise adjunct may enhance neuroplasticity in areas associated with postural control. Whether NMES can improve postural control outcomes is not well-documented. Therefore, we will examine the effect of multi-waveform NMES on postural control in adults at risk for ADRD. METHODS: Participants will be recruited from an assisted living community in Southeast Georgia. Interested participants who meet the inclusion criterion will be stratified by sex …