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A Phenomenological Study Of Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder In Combat Deployed Women Combat Veterans, Caren Valencia Chen

Doctoral Dissertations and Projects

The purpose of this phenomenological study was to delineate factors that impact women combat veterans with Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (C-PTSD) after deployment and completion of military service. The theory guiding this was Strauss and Corbin’s grounded theory. The conceptual framework guiding the study was Crenshaw's intersectionality theory. C-PTSD is often diagnosed with service members throughout their time in the military, and after their time in the military is complete. The central research question, “What are the lived experiences of women combat veterans diagnosed with C-PTSD?” was addressed through interviews with focus groups. The sub-questions to analyze direct correlation issues …

Visum Et Repertum Dan Proses Peradilan Pidana : Pendayagunaan Ilmu Kedokteran Dalam Sistem Peradilan Pidana, Dr. Abdul Mun'im Idris

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Pemidanaan Yang Bagaimana, Loebby Loqman. S.H.

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Masalah Lingkungan Hidup Dan Dampak Sosialnya, Prof. Dr. Soerjono Soekanto, S.H., M.A.

Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan

Abstract

Optimization Of Turning Process Parameters For Enhanced Surface Quality In Aluminum Alloy Aa2024, Nashwan Mahmood, Esmail Mahmood, Saya Mahmood, Mohammad Aziz, Deary Ahmad

Engineering and Technology Journal

Surface roughness is a critical parameter that profoundly influences the functionality and performance of materials and components across various industries. Additionally, estimating the ideal machining parameter circumstances is the best way to minimize costs and get the item's surface quality. This research investigated four factors- depth of cut, spindle speed, feed, and nose radius- for the turning of aluminum alloy AA2024 to estimate the surface roughness. The study's experimental efforts were done by utilizing a manual turning machine, and the experiment setup used the Taguchi method of L18 array orthogonal (OA). The Taguchi approach is employed to optimize the selection …

Validation Of The Simulation Implant Design Approach Based On Ct Scan Images And The Biomechanical Performance Response Of Rehabilitated Skull Bones, Nareen Obaeed, Wisam Hamdan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Appropriate cranial implants are essential due to a worldwide population that is aging and the rising incidence of trauma. One key element affecting cranial implants' performance is their biomechanical behavior in human skull bones. This paper describes a high-quality cranial implant design approach for the defective skull based on computed tomography CT scan images and the biomechanical performance analysis of rehabilitation human skull bones. The valuable contribution of this work is the effective utilization of finite element analysis FEA to contrast the material behaviors of Polymethylmethacrylate PMMA cranial implants and autologous skull bone during rehabilitation as exposed to external trauma. …

Clay Barriers Performance In Landfills: A Review., Kawther Al-Soudany, Mohammed Fattah, Falah Rahil

Engineering and Technology Journal

Clay barriers have garnered much interest in environmental engineering because they successfully reduce various ecological dangers, including groundwater contamination, the migration of leachate from landfills, and waste disposal in landfills. This review paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the features, uses, and performance of clay barriers in various environmental conditions. The problem this review paper addresses is the dangers of waste disposal sites, which emphasizes landfills' harm to the ecosystem and explains why natural clays are often employed as barriers surrounding landfills to keep out pollution. The paper aims to provide an update on essential subjects about barrier …

Synthesized Of Gallium Nitride/Psi Nano Thin Films Using 532 Nm Wavelength By Pulsed Laser Deposition Technique, Abeer Abbas, Ali Alwahib, Makram Fakhri, Subash C. B. Gopinath, U. Hashim

Engineering and Technology Journal

The porous silicon (PSi) substrate was accurately synthesized using photoelectrochemical etching. A Nanofilm gallium nitride (GaN) was then precisely deposited on this PSi substrate using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The x-ray diffraction (XRD) investigation revealed the GaN layer's distinct crystalline structure along the (002) plane, with a precise crystallite size of 21.57 nm. This precision in the deposition process enhanced both the surface morphology and film quality. In the atomic force microscope (AFM), oval particles were evenly distributed across the entire surface, and the RMS of the surface was 27 nm with a 20.63 nm surface roughness. A field emission …

Optimal Operational Conditions Of Pla/Pbat Mixed Matrix Membrane For The Treatment Of Oily Wastewater, Maryam Ghadhban, Khalid Rashid, Adnan Abdulrazak, Hicham Meskher, Yacine Benguerba, Emad Yousif Al-Sarraj, Qusay Alsalhy

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study aims to optimize the operational variables influencing the incorporation of Hesperidin nanoparticles (HSP NPs) into poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PLA/PBAT) for manufacturing mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) for oily wastewater treatment. An optimization method was employed to determine the optimal values for key process factors to achieve specific flux and rejection rates exceeding required levels. Statistical techniques such as response surface methodology (RSM) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used to enhance performance on a larger scale. This research investigated the impact of operating parameters on the flux and oil rejection of PLA/PBAT/HSP membranes across all samples. The variables studied …

Applications Of Artificial Intelligence In Nanotechnology, Shahad Eabd Alrida, Ola Obed, Elaf Taha, Thamer Abdullah, Mustafa Hathal, Viola Somogyi

Engineering and Technology Journal

Artificial intelligence (AI) is emerging as a prominent technological advancement. It is the act of replicating human intelligence for many purposes. In contrast to conventional methodologies, artificial intelligence (AI) is undergoing tremendous advancements. The present state of artificial intelligence (AI) technology enables them to effectively address numerous intricate difficulties with proficiency comparable to a human's. The significance of advancements in AI is particularly evident in machine learning, where the techniques and algorithms are effectively applied to address many problems, including those in nanotechnology. In contemporary nanotechnology, it is crucial to expedite the search for the most favorable synthesis parameters while …

Survey Of Near-Field Wireless Communication And Power Transfer For Biomedical Implants, Hala Abduljaleel, Saad Mutashar, Sadik Gharghan

Engineering and Technology Journal

Bio-implanted medical devices with electronic components play a crucial role due to their effectiveness in monitoring and diagnosing diseases, enhancing patient comfort, and ensuring safety. Recently, significant efforts have been conducted to develop implantable and wireless telemetric biomedical systems. Topics such as appropriate near-field wireless communication design, power use, monitoring devices, high power transfer efficiency from external to internal parts (implanted), high communication rates, and the need for low energy consumption all significantly influence the advancement of implantable systems. In this survey, a comprehensive examination is undertaken on diverse subjects associated with near-field wireless power transfer (WPT)-based biomedical applications. The …

Characterization Of Alkaline Treated Raffia Palm Fibres As Reinforcement In Polymer Composite, Ipilakyaa Daniel, Tile Emmanuel, Nyior Bem, Gundu Terfa

Engineering and Technology Journal

The characterization of raffia palm fibre (RPF) for reinforcement in polymer composite for specialized applications was studied. The fibres were treated with NaOH solution and subjected to a tensile strength test. The fibres were also subjected to spectroscopy using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence (EDXRF), and x-ray diffraction (XRD). The study found that the alkaline-treated RPF presented a tensile strength of 195 MPa and Young’s modulus of 91.76 MPa. The strain at maximum stress in the fibre was found to be 2.125%. FTIR spectra of treated raffia palm fibres revealed that the fibres are characterized by O-H …

Production Of Copper Nanoparticles Using Alpha-Amylase Enzyme By An Electrochemical Deposition Method, Neamah Hadi, Mohammad Hafiz, F. Sayyid, Wan Wan Isahak

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study aims to explain the effect of adding the bioactive substance (alpha enzyme) to the electrolyte solution using electrochemical deposition. Through which copper nanoparticles are manufactured, the originality of the research lies in the presence of this addition as a new method in manufacturing nanoparticles in an electrochemical manner, as the alpha-amylase enzyme is extracted from camel saliva, and the product has been diagnosed using (EDX) and scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) techniques. , Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) technology, and Zeta potential. The proposed method is an easy, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly method where the alpha enzyme was used as …

Optimization Of Mechanical And Biocompatible Properties Of Znos-Fiber Membranes, Dalia Jomaa, Abbas Hussein, Jamal Dawood

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study uses electro-spinning techniques to create a poly(vinyl alcohol)-chitosan-zinc oxide nanoparticles (PVA+CS)+ZnO NPs system in three concentrations of ZnO for application as composite nanofibers for wound treatment applications and   Employing the Taguchi technique to optimize the mechanical characteristics via a four-level experimental design process (L16). Numerous techniques have been utilized to characterize the nanofibrous scaffolds: contact angle measurement, cytotoxicity testing, proliferation testing, evaluation of antimicrobial activity, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersion X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and a comparative experimental study involving the determination of hardness using the Nanoindentation method for (PVA+CS)+ZnO. The …

Mxene (Ti C Tx) Based Nanosheet Photocatalysts For Water Remediation: Challenges And Recent Developments, Hadeel Abbas, Khalid Abbas, Ahmed Al-Ghaban

Engineering and Technology Journal

Two-dimensional nano structural compounds are attracting the focus of researchers worldwide. The need to treat wastewater and prevent the release of hazardous substances into the environment has increased because of growing environmental awareness. New compounds, most of which are not biodegradable, have emerged due to rising consumer expectations. Due to their distinctive chemical and physical characteristics, MXene has lately been recognized as an exciting option. The strong hydrophilicity of MXene makes them a promising candidate for environmental remediation methods like photocatalysis, natural chemical nature, and powerful electrochemistry—adsorption, membrane separation, and electrocatalytic sensors for identifying pollution. MXene has strong surface functional …

Antibacterial Improvement With Multilayer Of Bio-Composite Coatings Produced By Electrophoretic Deposition, Noor Al-Ali, Makarim Abdulkareem, Iman Anoon

Engineering and Technology Journal

In this study, multi-structured coatings of biocompatible and antibacterial materials on a 316L stainless steel (SS) implant have been electrophoretically deposited for orthopedic applications. Two layers of composite coatings have been deposited; the first layer of composite coating biopolymer layer consists of (chitosan with Gelatin) and the second composite coating layer of bio-ceramic comprises Hydroxyapatite with chitosan. The first layer was deposited at (3 g/L concentration of Gelatin, 20 voltage, and 3 min and 0.5 g/L chitosan) parameters, and the second layer was deposited at (6 g/L, 40 voltage, 1 min, and 0.5 g/L chitosan) parameters. In this study, the …

Cold Sintering Process Of Hydroxyapatite Derived From Natural Bone And Co-Precipitation Method: A Comparative Study, Hawraa Abbas, Hanaa Smeig, Zuhair Abdul Ameer

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study uses a novel sintering technique at very low temperatures (below 300°C) named the Cold Sintering Process to produce highly dense Hydroxyapatite (HA) samples. Nano hydroxyapatite was prepared using two different methods: Synthesis by chemical precipitation method (HA1) and natural source from Boven bone (HA2). The samples are characterized using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffractogram (XRD), transition electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) and Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Also, physical and mechanical properties measurements were detected, including density and hardness. The results indicated that cold sintering could result in Hydroxyapatite …

Design Of Waste Stabilisation Ponds For Municipal Effluent Treatment In Sobi Cantonment, Ilorin, Nigeria, Francis Ogbozige

Engineering and Technology Journal

The generation of wastewater or effluent is unavoidable as long as humans exist, and it could cause potential danger if not properly managed. One way to manage it is by ensuring proper treatment before discharging into rivers, streams, and creeks. This will not just protect human health but will also protect aquatic fauna and flora. Thus, this research applied scientific and engineering principles to design a waste stabilization pond (WSP) to treat municipal effluent generated in a large military community (Sobi Cantonment), which currently lacks a wastewater treatment plant. The research revealed that the WSP will comprise two anaerobic ponds, …

Evaluating The Structural Performance Of Waste Pet-Infused Interlocking Units Versus Traditional Stone Masonry, Omogbolade Adepitan, Ayotunde Fasina

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study focuses on PET waste reduction worldwide by looking at the application of these polymeric materials in the construction and building industries. An effective application of PET wastes will reduce PET pollution, especially in water bodies. Due to its rising cost, it can partially replace the conventional binder used (cement).Bricks were made in the conventional cement-sand and PET-sand, and a total of 72 cubes were produced for different mix ratios of 1:1, 1.5:1, and 2:1. Their properties like particle size analysis, water absorption, slump testing, and compressive strength were investigated and compared.The particle size analysis showed that the sand …

Drought Forecasting Model For Future Climate Change Effects In A Regional Catchment Area In Northern Iraq, Nasser Muhaisen, Thair Khayyun, Mustafa Al-Mukhtar

Engineering and Technology Journal

Climate change plays a crucial role in shaping the hydrological dynamics of rivers owing to its immediate implications on the driving meteorological parameters. Therefore, Understanding climate change and its implications is essential for sustainable water resource management. This study aims to assess the extent of climate change and its effects on streamflow in the Mosul Dam watershed Under three global warming Representative Concentration Pathways scenarios (i.e., 2.6, 4.5, and 8.5) based on mean climate data extracted from four Global Circulation Models (i.e., Beijing Climate Center, China, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Australia, Met Office Hadley Center, United Kingdom, and …

Evaluation Of The Synergistic Effects Of Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Conjugated Tetracycline, Nehia Hussein, Zahraa Zghair, Ruqaya Hussein, Alaa Hameed, Amna Abdul-Jabbar, Buthenia Hasoon, Hamdoon Mohammed, Ghassan Sulaiman

Engineering and Technology Journal

The antibiotic impacts of classical drugs against bacteria could be enhanced via the conjugation of silver nanoparticles. After the successful coating of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with Tetracycline, the characterization of the conjugate properties was achieved through measurements with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled to an energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX). The SEM analysis shows the appearance of silver nanoparticles with an average particle size of 22.82 nm and a cubic shape. Meanwhile, the EDX spectrum of silver NPs exhibits peaks corresponding to elemental silver. The anti-bacterial activity of pure Tetracycline and tetracycline-AgNP conjugates was examined against ten isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. …

Effect Of The Stochastic Weibull Parameters On The Reliability Of The Dialysis Machine, Sofiene Fenina, Souheyl Jendoubi, Faker Bouchoucha

Engineering and Technology Journal

Dialysis machines operate in an uncertain environment with several sources of disturbances; therefore, it is necessary to take account of the uncertainties during all their life phases. This paper presents a study of the random reliability of the dialysis machine in a stochastic environment through the two-parameter for Weibull distribution. The shape and scale parameters were estimated through analytical and graphical methods based on the failure history of the devices. The formulation of the analytical methods and their exploitation using numerical simulations was one of the objectives of this work. The uncertainties in the stochastic environment of the machines are …

A Review On Alginate-Nanoparticle As A Potential Tool For Managing Water Pollution, D. Lakshmi, K. Radha, Thahira Azeez, Shanmugam Munisamy

Engineering and Technology Journal

Sustainable source-based hydrogels are now paid much importance for managing water pollution due to their distinctive chemical and physical properties like hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, viscoelasticity, superabsorbancy, softness, fluffiness, and biodegradability. Alginate-based hydrogels can incorporate much water due to their hydrophilic nature.Water pollution often changes groundwater, resulting in the inability to use it. Alginate-based gels remove pollutants through adsorption/desorption, transport, and other conventional techniques. Alginate-based hydrogels can incorporate much water due to their hydrophilic nature. Their composites have been demonstrated to control different water pollutants like inorganic, organic, and pathogenic microbes from various water streams in unique structural forms like a flat …

State-Of-The-Art Review Into Signal Processing And Artificial Intelligence-Based Approaches Applied In Gearbox Defect Diagnosis, Asaad Dubaish, Alaa Jaber

Engineering and Technology Journal

Various industrial applications, including rotating and reciprocating machinery, depend on gears. Therefore, a sudden breakdown of the gears could result in substantial financial losses. Due to this, extensive studies have focused on defect diagnosis. Both machinery maintenance decisions and preventive maintenance techniques have been aided by vibration analysis. An increased vibration is a warning sign that a machine is about to malfunction or break down. Observing and evaluating the machine's vibration pulses can identify the nature and extent of the issue and, as a result, predict when the machine will fail. The vibration signal may identify gearbox defects early on …

Using Taguchi Design To Compare The Corrosion Behavior Of Commercial Pure Ti Alloys Coated By Dip And Electrophoretic Deposition With Ysz, Marwan Hussein, Ali Mustafa, Makarim Abdulkareem

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study makes experimental evaluations of the corrosion and tip tests of  CP-Ti joint (commercial pure Ti) implant alloys coated with YSZ nanoceramic. A Taguchi design of experiments (DOE) strategy was used to create a thin adhesive covering utilizing dip coating and electrophoretic deposition techniques. An L9-type orthogonal Taguchi array determined how dip coating and electrophoretic deposition factors, such as temperature, voltage, YSZ concentration, time, and the degree of pulverizing the Ti alloy substrate, affected the deposition yield. The Ti alloys were coated using the optimal settings for the dip coating and electrophoretic deposition procedures as previously described, utilizing the …

The Influence Of The Inclusion Of Nano Ceramic Particles On The Pmma Composite Properties For Biomaterials Applications, Aya Shahir, Aseel Al.Zubaidi, Wafaa Salih

Engineering and Technology Journal

This study examines the effects of reinforcing PMMA acrylic resin with different Nanoparticle types: Silica (SiO2) (67.8nm), Titania (TiO2) (57.3nm), and Talc powders (TP) (80.1nm). This was done by using the ultrasonic mixing method for dispersing the nano-powder in the matrix and using them at three different proportions (0. 5, 1, and 1.5%) to improve the properties of PMMA composite materials for medical applications. The characteristic functional groups associated with Nano-ceramic particles and PMMA in the composite specimens were confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. Also, this research investigates some mechanical properties, including (tensile strength, compression strength, elastic modulus, hardness, and surface …

A Comparative Study Of Antibacterial Activity Of Zno And Tio2 Nanoparticles Against Gram-Positive And Gram-Negative Bacteria, Ghaed Salman

Engineering and Technology Journal

Using the sol-gel technique, this study successfully synthesized two types of nanoparticles, ZnO and TiO2. The Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum exhibited a broad peak, providing insights into crucial chemical bonds. The average grain sizes, 18.6 nm for ZnO and 12.6 nm for TiO2 were determined through X-ray diffraction (XRD). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the (ZnO & TiO2) powder revealed the presence of pores and agglomeration. The antimicrobial efficacy of these nanoparticles was evaluated against Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and Proteus) and Gram-positive bacteria (Staph. aureus). The results demonstrated the capability of both ZnO and TiO2 to impact bacterial …

Physical And Electrical Properties Of Spray Coating Graphene Films: The Effect Of Solution Concentration, Ayat Yahya, Evan Salim, Azhar Hassan, Subash C. B. Gopinath

Engineering and Technology Journal

Graphene nanofilms were deposited by the spray coating method at different concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, and 0.5 g) and prepared at 120°C. The prepared nanofilms were characterized in terms of their structural, morphological, optical, and electrical properties. The results confirm the formation of high-purity and high-crystallinity graphene nanofilms with a layered nanosheet morphology. The X-ray diffraction pattern shows the presence of pure graphene with (002) crystal planes. SEM Images show that the intended graphene films are symmetrical with few wrinkles on their surface. The graphene films show semi-transparent behavior with a maximum transmission of 50%. Raman spectroscopy shows …

Heat Transfer Coefficients In Air-Solid Fluidized Bed Using Vertical Heating Element, Fadhil Faraj, Jamal Ali, Sarmad Najim

Engineering and Technology Journal

In various chemical industrial applications such as hydrocracking, drying, and Fischer-Tropsch, the utilization of fluidized bed systems is prevalent. Efficient heat transfer is crucial for maintaining stable temperatures and ensuring product quality in industrial processes. Gas-solid fluidized beds, which involve gas circulation through a bed of solid particles, offer a means to achieve efficient heat exchange. However, factors such as particle size, gas velocity, and heating methods can influence the effectiveness of these systems. To investigate the impact of internal heating on heat transfer in gas-solid fluidized beds, an experimental study was conducted using glass beads of 200 and 600 …

Decontamination Of Aqueous Nuclear Waste Via Pressure-Driven Membrane Application – A Short Review, Taisir Abbas, Khalid Rashid, Saad Al-Saady, Alanood Alsarayrehd, Alberto Figoli, Qusay Alsalhy

Engineering and Technology Journal

Radioactive waste poses significant risks to human health and the environment due to the emission of gamma rays, beta particles, and alpha particles from natural or artificial radioactive elements. This paper reviews the essential sources of radioactive waste, their potential risks to humans and the environment, their classification depending on their chemical, physical, and radiological features, and the treatment techniques utilized to prevent them from leaking into the environment. In addition, the current study focuses on using membranes exclusively and membrane technologies in the remediation of radioactive liquid wastes. The use of pressure-driven membrane technologies, such as reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, …