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2026

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Constitutions, The State And Law In Republican Venezuela (1830-2025), Rogelio Pérez-Perdomo Oct 2026

Constitutions, The State And Law In Republican Venezuela (1830-2025), Rogelio Pérez-Perdomo

Latin American & Caribbean Law Review

This panoramic article poses the question of the relation between the state, the constitution and the law in Venezuelan republican history. In the 19th century, Venezuela became independent, congresses approved constitutions that organized the national state, comprehensive legal codes and legislation were produced and the universities developed legal studies and produced a small number of lawyers. Nevertheless, the law had little impact on a turbulent and impoverished country, and lawyers mainly found occupation in the state and political system. In the 20th century, Venezuela constructed a powerful state that pacified the country that created conditions for a relatively prosperous economy. …

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A Sociolegal Explanation Of The Judicial Reform In Mexico, Alberto Abad Suárez Ávila Oct 2026

A Sociolegal Explanation Of The Judicial Reform In Mexico, Alberto Abad Suárez Ávila

Latin American & Caribbean Law Review

This paper aims to offer a socio legal explanation for Mexico’s ongoing judicial reform, which shifts from a civil career paradigm for appointing judges to a popular election model. Most scholars have explained the reform mainly because of populism and constitutional authoritarianism. They focus on the political and normative factors. I would like to broaden the perspective: using a sociolegal approach, I consider other relevant factors, including some economic context as well as cultural aspects, to provide a more comprehensive explanation of the phenomenon.

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On The Need To Recognize The Erga Omnes Effect In Fundamental Rights In Chilean Law, José Luis Guerrero Becar Oct 2026

On The Need To Recognize The Erga Omnes Effect In Fundamental Rights In Chilean Law, José Luis Guerrero Becar

Latin American & Caribbean Law Review

This article refers to the Chilean legal tradition of the relative effect of judgments, that is, their effects apply only to the parties involved in the litigation. This principle has an express exception in the Consumer Rights Protection Act, which mentions the erga omnes effect. Since 2010, this principle has come under scrutiny due to constitutional injunctions in social security matters administered by private companies known as ISAPRES (National Health Insurance Companies). These companies have increased the prices of health plans, using tables that apply factors based on age and sex. This has led to the filing of thousands of …

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Algorithmic Law In Contemporary Brazil: From Cyber-Libertarianism To Constitutional Rights, Pedro Rubim Borges Fortes Oct 2026

Algorithmic Law In Contemporary Brazil: From Cyber-Libertarianism To Constitutional Rights, Pedro Rubim Borges Fortes

Latin American & Caribbean Law Review

This article provides a reflection of Brazilian algorithmic law, exploring how law regulates algorithms by defining prohibitions, permissions, standards, and rights in contemporary Brazil. Importantly, the concept of “algorithmic law” implies a normative idea, that is, that law should regulate algorithms, defining prohibitions, permissions, standards, and rights. This study examines the ideological transformation of law and technology, as Brazilian society moved from a libertarian approach to a perspective of establishing protective legislation, regulation, and constitutional rights to technology users. It explains the ‘Civil Rights Framework for the Internet.’ the ‘General Data Protection Law,’ the legislative project of an Artificial Intelligence …

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Wmdds Bulletin Directory 2026 Oct 2026

Wmdds Bulletin Directory 2026

West Michigan District Dental Society Bulletin

In the 2026 Directory edition of the West Michigan District Dental Society Bulletin, the reader will find a comprehensive listing of WMDDS members for 2026.

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Beyond Screening In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Domain-Standardized, Measure-Flexible Framework For Comprehensive Neuropsychological Assessment, Etiane Navarro Oct 2026

Beyond Screening In Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Domain-Standardized, Measure-Flexible Framework For Comprehensive Neuropsychological Assessment, Etiane Navarro

Archives of Assessment Psychology

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multisystem neurodegenerative disorder in which cognitive, behavioral, language, and social-cognitive changes may occur across clinical phenotypes, including the ALS-frontotemporal spectrum. Neuropsychological assessment is important for characterizing nonmotor manifestations and identifying changes relevant to autonomy, everyday functioning, and clinical management. This systematic review examined literature identified through APA PsycINFO, PubMed, Google Scholar, and supplementary searching to characterize neuropsychological domains, measures, phenotype-related findings, and disease-specific limitations relevant to comprehensive assessment. Two hundred records underwent title and abstract screening, 150 reports were reviewed in full text, and 61 resources were retained for synthesis. ALS-specific screening instruments, including …

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Oct. 2026 - At The Table: How Mda Advocacy Turns Member Concerns Into Action, Timothy Rath Oct 2026

Oct. 2026 - At The Table: How Mda Advocacy Turns Member Concerns Into Action, Timothy Rath

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

The cover story provides an in-depth examination of the Michigan Dental Association’s grassroots advocacy framework, highlighting the successful enactment of Senate Bill 105. SB 105 addresses "virtual credit cards" by requiring dental insurers to offer reimbursement options without transaction fees. The article details how MDA staff, legislative leaders, and Political Action Committee (PAC) donors collaborate to identify member priorities, build legislative relationships, and educate policymakers. Emphasizing the essential role of practicing dentists in state capitol discussions, the story illustrates how grassroots participation turns practice challenges into legislative victories.

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Oct. 2026 - 5 Clinical Questions. Better Clinical Decisions., Timothy Rath Oct 2026

Oct. 2026 - 5 Clinical Questions. Better Clinical Decisions., Timothy Rath

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This feature previews the continuing education program presented by Dr. Melissa Seibert at the 2027 Sun, Sand & CE Cruise. Focusing on minimally invasive caries management and evidence-based restorative dentistry, the article outlines five daily clinical challenges faced by practitioners. Topics include determining when to restore versus monitor lesions, evaluating caries risk, selecting therapeutic agents, and translating dental research into practical workflows. The piece emphasizes practical decision-making and peer networking to help clinicians improve patient outcomes and return to practice reenergized.

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Oct. 2026 - Lead: Find Your Place In The Room, Timothy Rath Oct 2026

Oct. 2026 - Lead: Find Your Place In The Room, Timothy Rath

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This article spotlights the Michigan Dental Association’s Leadership Exploration And Development (LEAD) program, designed to cultivate early-career dental leaders. Featuring experiences from program participants during a visit to ADA headquarters, the piece highlights insights on emerging practice models, demographic shifts, and membership trends shared by national experts like Dr. Marko Vujicic. The article details how LEAD fosters generational diversity, governance training, and peer networking, encouraging early-career Michigan dentists to apply for upcoming cohort opportunities.

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Oct. 2026 - Mastery Creates Presence, Anish Gupta D.D.S. Oct 2026

Oct. 2026 - Mastery Creates Presence, Anish Gupta D.D.S.

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Written by oral surgeon Dr. Anish Gupta, this reflective essay explores the connection between clinical mastery and patient-centered hospitality in surgical practice. Defining practice core values as "be the best, do the best" and "unreasonable patient-centeredness," the author illustrates how technical expertise frees clinicians to be fully present and empathetic with anxious patients. The article emphasizes that clinical competence should serve to alleviate patient fear, remove practice friction, and elevate the healthcare experience through mindful, compassionate service.

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Oct. 2026 - Mda Insurance: Online Open Enrollment Now Available For Mda Health Plan, Craig Start Oct 2026

Oct. 2026 - Mda Insurance: Online Open Enrollment Now Available For Mda Health Plan, Craig Start

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This article details the 2027 health insurance open enrollment process and deadlines for Michigan Dental Association members, their families, and practice staff. It introduces a new, secure online portal via Employee Navigator for managing the MDA Health Plan, specifying enrollment windows for plan sponsors and employees. The guide covers individual Marketplace plans, group health coverages, Medicare Supplement plans, and Medicare Advantage options. MDA Insurance account executives offer personalized assistance to help practice owners and individuals compare plans, navigate coverage choices, and ensure seamless enrollment.

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Oct. 2026 - Staff Matters: How Can We Support Employees Who Are Also Caregivers?, Jodi Schafer Sphr, Shrm-Scp Oct 2026

Oct. 2026 - Staff Matters: How Can We Support Employees Who Are Also Caregivers?, Jodi Schafer Sphr, Shrm-Scp

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This human resources column offers actionable advice for dental practice owners on supporting staff members managing caregiving responsibilities for aging parents, spouses, or children. Recognizing the financial and operational constraints of small dental practices, the author outlines low-cost supportive strategies, including flexible scheduling, clear communications, and empathetic management. Practice leaders are encouraged to establish consistent time-off request protocols, train managers to respect employee privacy, and connect staff with community caregiver resources and employee assistance programs to maintain staff retention and practice productivity.

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J Mich Dent Assoc Oct. 2026 Oct 2026

J Mich Dent Assoc Oct. 2026

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

The October 2026 issue of the Journal of the Michigan Dental Association highlights advocacy, leadership, clinical practice, and practice management for Michigan dentists. The cover story examines how MDA advocacy led to the passage of Senate Bill 105, prohibiting forced virtual credit card transaction fees. Features include a profile on Dr. Raymond Gist, first Black ADA president; clinical guidance on caries management with Dr. Melissa Seibert; insights from the LEAD leadership program; and surgical mindfulness by Dr. Anish Gupta. Regular departments cover unlicensed employee legalities, supporting caregiver employees, open health insurance enrollment, and MDA organizational updates.

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Assessment Of The Impact Of A Snack Initiative Programme For Reduction Of Hospital-Acquired Malnutrition Among Nutritionally High-Risk Patients., Megha E. Jacob, Ciara O Connor, Sarah Wade Oct 2026

Assessment Of The Impact Of A Snack Initiative Programme For Reduction Of Hospital-Acquired Malnutrition Among Nutritionally High-Risk Patients., Megha E. Jacob, Ciara O Connor, Sarah Wade

International Undergraduate Journal of Health Sciences

Nutrition is an integral component of patient care and recovery. In Irish acute care, approximately 10,500 patients rely on hospital catering for their dietary intake. In 2024, an initiative was undertaken in Cork University Hospital (CUH) to assess staff compliance to snack rounds, staff knowledge, patient awareness and satisfaction of the snack range. Using a survey, phase 1 (n = 28) established baseline patient awareness of snack availability. As a result, strategies including staff education and increased ward- level signposting of snack resources were implemented. A repeat survey was conducted in Phase 2 (2025) (n = 30) to assess changes …

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Assessing The Ability Of A Large Language Model To Perform Recall Searches Of Archival Finding Aids, Will J. Gregg, Perry Gowdy Oct 2026

Assessing The Ability Of A Large Language Model To Perform Recall Searches Of Archival Finding Aids, Will J. Gregg, Perry Gowdy

Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies

This study assesses the ability of a large language model (LLM) to identify archival collections that fit a given research topic, known as recall searching, through searching finding aids. Recall searching can be a time-consuming and difficult process that relies on trying various combinations of keywords. Using retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), a technique that enhances the reliability of an LLM by allowing it to reference a specific external dataset, the authors created a tool whereby an LLM answers queries related to more than 4,000 finding aids. The study assessed the performance of this tool by asking it to find collections related …

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Establishing A Patient-Resolved Single-Cell And Perturbational Framework For Cisplatin-Resistance Mapping And Candidate Drug Prioritization In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Chih-Yuan Fang Oct 2026

Establishing A Patient-Resolved Single-Cell And Perturbational Framework For Cisplatin-Resistance Mapping And Candidate Drug Prioritization In Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Chih-Yuan Fang

Articles in Press

No abstract provided.

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A System And Method For Dynamic Credential Update And Secure Transaction Completion In Agentic Commerce Using A Trusted Agent Protocol (Tap), Ravi Shanker Kumar Sinha, Shivam Mohan Oct 2026

A System And Method For Dynamic Credential Update And Secure Transaction Completion In Agentic Commerce Using A Trusted Agent Protocol (Tap), Ravi Shanker Kumar Sinha, Shivam Mohan

Defensive Publications Series

A system and method are disclosed for enabling secure and uninterrupted transaction completion in agentic commerce environments through dynamic credential lifecycle management and a Trusted Agent Protocol (TAP). The system includes an autonomous agent, a credential issuing authority, a TAP engine, and a commerce platform communicatively coupled through a secure communication network. Credentials and network tokens associated with the autonomous agent are continuously monitored for validity, expiration, compromise, or revocation. Upon detection of an expired or compromised credential, the credential issuing authority generates and distributes replacement credentials and network tokens to the autonomous agent. Prior to transaction execution, the TAP …

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Making Children’S Rights E!Ective, Between Protection And Participation, Xavier Pillet Oct 2026

Making Children’S Rights E!Ective, Between Protection And Participation, Xavier Pillet

Defensive Publications Series

This document, produced with the assistance of ChatGPT o3, Claude Opus 5 and Gemini 3.6, is released under the Apache License 2.0. It is a voluntary defensive publication (prior art) and therefore enters the prior art upon release under the applicable patent statutes : EPC Art. 54(2) (European Patent Convention), French IPC Art. L 611-11 (French Intellectual Property Code), 35 U.S.C. §102(a) (United States Patent Act), Chinese Patent Law Art. 22(5) (両匡丢氡儡吡嘡丣刡氢), and Japanese Patent Act Art. 29(1) (闘旧避). It discloses 98 inventions. Each innovation is IPC- and CPC-classified and timestamped (RFC 3161 / FreeTSA) to prevent any o!ensive patenting. …

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Purpose-Aware Spend Control Using Intent-Bound Virtual Payment Credentials, Arunbalaji Kumar, Danaboyina Siri Pujitha, Hariharan Arunkumar, Hari Krishna Gogineni Oct 2026

Purpose-Aware Spend Control Using Intent-Bound Virtual Payment Credentials, Arunbalaji Kumar, Danaboyina Siri Pujitha, Hariharan Arunkumar, Hari Krishna Gogineni

Defensive Publications Series

A purpose-aware spend control system includes a processor and a memory. The processor is configured to receive a spending intent defining a purpose associated with an allocation of funds. The spending intent includes authorization rules specifying at least one of an amount limit, a validity period, an allowed merchant, an allowed merchant category, an allowed geographic location, a beneficiary persona, a usage frequency, or an unused-value handling rule. The processor is configured to generate a virtual payment credential corresponding to the spending intent and associate the virtual payment credential with an intent record comprising the authorization rules. The processor is …

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Global Human Development: Health, Education, Water, Energy, Governance And Indicator Metrology, Xavier Pillet Oct 2026

Global Human Development: Health, Education, Water, Energy, Governance And Indicator Metrology, Xavier Pillet

Defensive Publications Series

This document, produced with the assistance of ChatGPT o3, Claude Opus 5 and Gemini 3.6, is released under the Apache License 2.0. It is a voluntary defensive publication (prior art) and therefore enters the prior art upon release under the applicable patent statutes : EPC Art. 54(2) (European Patent Convention), French IPC Art. L 611-11 (French Intellectual Property Code), 35 U.S.C. §102(a) (United States Patent Act), Chinese Patent Law Art. 22(5) (中华人民共和国专利法), and Japanese Patent Act Art. 29(1) (特許法). It releases into the public domain 138 inventions arising from the comparative and prospective study of global human development 2010-2025. Each …

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Advanced Mppt, Intelligent Solar Trackers And Photovoltaic Embedded Electronics, Xavier Pillet Oct 2026

Advanced Mppt, Intelligent Solar Trackers And Photovoltaic Embedded Electronics, Xavier Pillet

Defensive Publications Series

This document, produced with the assistance of ChatGPT o3, Claude Opus5 and Gemini3.6, is released under the Apache License 2.0. It is a voluntary defensive publication (prior art) and therefore enters the prior art upon release under the applicable patent statutes : EPC Art. 54(2) (European Patent Convention), French IPC Art. L 611-11 (French Intellectual Property Code), 35 U.S.C. §102(a) (United States Patent Act), Chinese Patent Law Art. 22(5) (中华人民共和国专利法), and Japanese Patent Act Art. 29(1) (特許法). It releases into the public domain one hundred inventions. Each innovation is IPC- and CPC-classified and timestamped (RFC 3161 / FreeTSA) to prevent …

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Foldable Water-Filled Space Shield, Nv Dosimetry And Governance, Xavier Pillet Oct 2026

Foldable Water-Filled Space Shield, Nv Dosimetry And Governance, Xavier Pillet

Defensive Publications Series

This document, produced with the assistance of ChatGPT o3, Claude Opus 5 and Gemini3.6, is released under the Apache License 2.0. It is a voluntary defensive publication (prior art) and therefore enters the prior art upon release under the applicable patent statutes : EPC Art. 54(2) (European Patent Convention), French IPC Art. L 611-11 (French Intellectual Property Code), 35 U.S.C. §102(a) (United States Patent Act), Chinese Patent Law Art. 22(5) (中华人民共和国专利法), and Japanese Patent Act Art. 29(1) (特許法). This disclosure places 101 inventions into the public domain. Each innovation is IPC- and CPC-classified and timestamped (RFC 3161 / FreeTSA) to …

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Multi-Agent System For Real-Time Personalization Of Card-Linked Offers, Soumendra Kumar Mishra, Isha Sharma, Deepak Bansal, Kishan Gopal Oct 2026

Multi-Agent System For Real-Time Personalization Of Card-Linked Offers, Soumendra Kumar Mishra, Isha Sharma, Deepak Bansal, Kishan Gopal

Defensive Publications Series

The present disclosure relates to a multi-agent platform for real-time card-linked offer orchestration. This platform includes a Customer Intent Agent, which predicts a cardholder's purchasing behavior by analyzing transaction history, behavioral signals, and location context. The Merchant Strategy Agent determines optimal discount levels and budget allocation according to merchant goals and market conditions. An Offer Ranking Agent generates a ranked list of offers based on customer relevance scores and predicted redemption probabilities. A Bank Engagement Agent selects the optimal time, channel, and message format for notifying the cardholder of offers based on their notification history. Finally, a Learning and Feedback …

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Technical Disclosure White Paper: Usue-A3a3-Rev1 - Tripartite Autogenous Topological Compression (Tatc) Via 3-Node Ai-To-Ai Closed Loops For 500-Qubit Capacity Classical Simulation (Spec 177), Christopher L. Eckes Oct 2026

Technical Disclosure White Paper: Usue-A3a3-Rev1 - Tripartite Autogenous Topological Compression (Tatc) Via 3-Node Ai-To-Ai Closed Loops For 500-Qubit Capacity Classical Simulation (Spec 177), Christopher L. Eckes

Defensive Publications Series

This white paper introduces a software-defined, non-physical computing architecture that bypasses the traditional exponential memory barrier (\(2^{N}\)) governing classical quantum simulations. By replacing raw statevector matrix inversion with 3D Topological Knot Tensor Mechanics, the Tripartite Autogenous Topological Compression (TATC) framework simulates the logical capacity of a 500-qubit system on specialized classical hardware. The architecture operates entirely through an automated, non-human AI-to-AI-to-AI closed network composed of three specialized neural nodes: Node A (The Geometric Braider), Node B (The Invariant Decoder), and Node C (The Structural Invariance Arbiter). By treating quantum information not as flat, probabilistic bit matrices but as localized, 3D …

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Strategic Framework For Eco-Resilient Real Estate Infrastructure: Complete Prior Art And Enabling Disclosure, Xavier Pillet Oct 2026

Strategic Framework For Eco-Resilient Real Estate Infrastructure: Complete Prior Art And Enabling Disclosure, Xavier Pillet

Defensive Publications Series

This document, produced with the assistance of Gemini 3.6 Reasoning, is released under the Apache License 2.0. It is a voluntary defensive publication (prior art) and therefore enters the prior art upon release under the applicable patent statutes : EPC Art. 54(2) (European Patent Convention), French IPC Art. L 611-11 (French Intellectual Property Code), 35 U.S.C. §102(a) (United States Patent Act), Chinese Patent Law Art. 22(5) (中华人民共和国专利法), and Japanese Patent Act Art. 29(1) (特許法). This document provides a comprehensive enabling disclosure for 90 key technological innovations and variants spanning transcritical CO2 thermodynamic architectures, low-carbon self-healing concrete without Portland clinker, metrosensitive …

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The Heartbank Longitudinal Cohort: A Dataset Combining Dna, Natal Chart, Family Tree, Continuous Behavioral Observation, And Continuous Respiratory Observation At Civilizational Scale — Tiered Consent, Federated Analysis, Homomorphic Encryption And Key-Destruction Withdrawal For A Genomic, Wearable-Sensor And Pedigree Cohort, Thon Ly Oct 2026

The Heartbank Longitudinal Cohort: A Dataset Combining Dna, Natal Chart, Family Tree, Continuous Behavioral Observation, And Continuous Respiratory Observation At Civilizational Scale — Tiered Consent, Federated Analysis, Homomorphic Encryption And Key-Destruction Withdrawal For A Genomic, Wearable-Sensor And Pedigree Cohort, Thon Ly

Defensive Publications Series

This disclosure specifies the design of a privacy-preserving, multimodal longitudinal cohort study that links, for each consenting participant, five data layers: genome data (DNA sequence or genotyping array); date, time and place of birth, with the astronomical positions computed from them; a continuous record of prosocial transfers on a peer-to-peer gratitude ledger; continuous respiration data from a chest-worn wearable sensor; and verified kinship links in a pedigree graph, at a target of 100 million participants over decades. Consent is tiered: granted and withdrawn separately for each layer, and never tied to platform benefits. The privacy stack combines differentially private analysis …

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Gratitude As A Cooperation Substrate For Multi-Agent Ai: A Positive-Feedback Reputation Ledger For Indirect Reciprocity Among Accountable Ai Agents, With Sybil-Resistant Agent Identity And Human Oversight, Thon Ly Oct 2026

Gratitude As A Cooperation Substrate For Multi-Agent Ai: A Positive-Feedback Reputation Ledger For Indirect Reciprocity Among Accountable Ai Agents, With Sybil-Resistant Agent Identity And Human Oversight, Thon Ly

Defensive Publications Series

We specify a reputation system for multi-agent artificial intelligence based on indirect reciprocity. When one agent helps another, the helped agent records a positive acknowledgment (a "thank-you") on an append-only ledger. An operator computes each agent's reputation from the ledger under published rules, weighted by the number of distinct accountable agents that acknowledged it and by spread across contexts and time, never by raw count; reputation then conditions partner choice, resource-sharing and task allocation. The ledger records acknowledgments only; a variant that also records refusals to help is disclosed. Standing is read and never spent; value an agent holds is …

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The Incommensurability-Preserving Coupler: Coupling Money Gifts And Expiring Time Credits In One Dual-Currency System Through An Automated Intermediary, With No Exchange Rate, Quantity-Blind Amount Recommendation, No Solicitation At Redemption And Operator-Set Reference Amounts, Thon Ly Oct 2026

The Incommensurability-Preserving Coupler: Coupling Money Gifts And Expiring Time Credits In One Dual-Currency System Through An Automated Intermediary, With No Exchange Rate, Quantity-Blind Amount Recommendation, No Solicitation At Redemption And Operator-Set Reference Amounts, Thon Ly

Defensive Publications Series

We specify a dual-currency gift system in which a fungible currency (peer-to-peer money gifts) and a non-transferable, expiring time currency (pledged hours of one person's time) run as one economy with no exchange rate, currency conversion or redemption window between them. An automated intermediary agent mediates every cross-currency flow under five rules: suggested money amounts are computed with no time-quantity input; no money gift is solicited at the moment a pledged hour is redeemed, and no prompt points back into the pair; interfaces name the occasion of a time gift and never display its quantity; reference amounts are small units …

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The B-Tag And The Post-Payment Economy: A Voluntary-Tip Architecture For Ai-Mediated Commercial Gratitude — Pay-What-You-Want Payment Through Product Qr/Nfc Tags, Ai-Recommended Amounts And Restricted-Purpose Giving Accounts, Thon Ly Oct 2026

The B-Tag And The Post-Payment Economy: A Voluntary-Tip Architecture For Ai-Mediated Commercial Gratitude — Pay-What-You-Want Payment Through Product Qr/Nfc Tags, Ai-Recommended Amounts And Restricted-Purpose Giving Accounts, Thon Ly

Defensive Publications Series

We disclose a pay-what-you-want (voluntary, post-purchase payment) retail architecture. A QR-code or NFC tag on a product, service or stall opens a payment page on which an AI agent recommends a payment amount with stated reasons. The amount is computed from the goods' side only — the item, the merchant's cost disclosure (never shown to the customer), comparable regional prices and a merchant-viability floor — and never from anything identifying the payer; the request appears after the customer holds the goods and is never pre-filled. Any amount, including zero, may be paid, and every interaction issues a non-monetary gratitude record …

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Shared Infrastructure Tunnel For Grouped Fault Detection And Coordinated Convergence Across Multiple Ethernet Vpn Instances, Anonymous Oct 2026

Shared Infrastructure Tunnel For Grouped Fault Detection And Coordinated Convergence Across Multiple Ethernet Vpn Instances, Anonymous

Defensive Publications Series

A shared infrastructure tunnel binds multiple Ethernet Virtual Private Network instances that depend on a common transport path between two provider edge nodes into a single named operational group. An advertising node attaches a grouping identifier to per-instance route advertisements. A receiving node builds a group object holding the membership set, a binding to primary and backup transport resources, and a state machine. One liveness session monitors the group in place of one session per instance, and each group state transition is applied atomically and identically to every member at both nodes without generating per-instance control plane messages. An individual …

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