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2026

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Greeting Death “Sitting Up:” How Children’S Literature Provides Modern Death Education, Reilly Kendrick Apr 2026

Greeting Death “Sitting Up:” How Children’S Literature Provides Modern Death Education, Reilly Kendrick

Honors Theses

Western culture places a lot of importance on legacy and friendship as important lessons to learn from death. However, children do not have as much experience with death due to changing cultural customs, and our society lacks a formal death education system that can promote these values and teach children how to respond to death in their lives. Literature, though, can fill this gap in children’s knowledge by teaching the basic physical components of death and philosophical understandings of death. These ideas are learned through vicarious reading, in which children experience the character’s emotions and reactions as they read. The …


Silicone Wristband Based Passive Sampling Methods Development And Evaluation For Use In Community Exposure Studies, Emily Broniewicz, Sophie Novak, Kenneth Brown, Julie Peller Apr 2026

Silicone Wristband Based Passive Sampling Methods Development And Evaluation For Use In Community Exposure Studies, Emily Broniewicz, Sophie Novak, Kenneth Brown, Julie Peller

Symposium on Research and Creative Expression (SORCE)

Indoor air quality is a critical determinant of human health, particularly in communities located near industrial activity, where residents experience disproportionate exposure to harmful pollutants and spend a greater proportion of time indoors. Outdoor sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) include emissions from industrial processes, vehicle exhaust, fuel storage, and manufacturing operations. Indoor environments further contribute to personal exposure, as they are emitted from building materials, paints, adhesives, carpets, furniture, cleaning agents, personal care products, and consumer electronics. Combined, these sources create complex exposure profiles associated with adverse health outcomes, including respiratory disease, neurological impairment, endocrine disruption, and cancer. As …


Effect Of Simulated Microgravity On Candida Albicans Resistance To Caspofungin And Fluconazole, Kendall Carter, James Livengood, Gracie Holt, Liwia Zachara, Patrice G. Bouyer Apr 2026

Effect Of Simulated Microgravity On Candida Albicans Resistance To Caspofungin And Fluconazole, Kendall Carter, James Livengood, Gracie Holt, Liwia Zachara, Patrice G. Bouyer

Symposium on Research and Creative Expression (SORCE)

Candida albicans (C. albicans) is an opportunistic commensal fungus that can alter its behavior under low-shear stress modeled microgravity by exhibiting phenotypes associated with increased virulence. For instance, it has been previously reported that microgravity increased C. albicans resistance to amphotericin , but did not change its resistance to caspofungin. Here, we investigated how microgravity (5 and 6 days) influences the resistance of two C. albicans strains (SC5314 and NCCLS11) to fluconazole (25 µg) and caspofungin (5 µg). Drug susceptibility was assessed by measuring the zone of inhibition (ZOI) around the treatment discs after 24h of exposure under microgravity and …


Vo: The Vaccine Ontology, Jie Zheng, Asiyah Yu Lin, Anthony Huffman, Anna Maria Masci, Rebecca Racz, Guanming Wu, Kallan Roan, Edison Ong, Sirarat Sarntivijai, Joy Hu, Eliyas Asfaw, Hayleigh Kahn, Xingxian Li, Xumeng Zhang, Joshua Monickaraj, Nilufer Kosar, Jianfu Li, Warren Manuel, Rashmie Abeysinghe, Hasin Rehana, Benu Bansal, Yuanyi Pan, Jinjing Guo, Virginia He, Justin Song, Andrey I Seleznev, Katelyn Hur, Anna He, Alexander Davydov, Qi Yang, Anna Ostropolets, Randi Vita, Bjoern Peters, Alan Ruttenberg, Alexander D Diehl, Charles Tapley Hoyt, Paola Roncaglia, Rachael P Huntley, Richard H Scheuermann, Melanie Courtot, Thomas Todd, Samantha Sayers, Fang Chen, Xinna Li, Feng-Yu Yeh, Zuoshuang Xiang, Arzucan Ozgur, Patricia L Whetzel, Mark A Musen, Christopher J Mungall, Wolfgang W Leitner, Licong Cui, Lesley A Colby, Harry L T Mobley, Brian D Athey, Gilbert S Omenn, Lindsay G Cowell, Cui Tao, Junguk Hur, Barry Smith, Yongqun He Apr 2026

Vo: The Vaccine Ontology, Jie Zheng, Asiyah Yu Lin, Anthony Huffman, Anna Maria Masci, Rebecca Racz, Guanming Wu, Kallan Roan, Edison Ong, Sirarat Sarntivijai, Joy Hu, Eliyas Asfaw, Hayleigh Kahn, Xingxian Li, Xumeng Zhang, Joshua Monickaraj, Nilufer Kosar, Jianfu Li, Warren Manuel, Rashmie Abeysinghe, Hasin Rehana, Benu Bansal, Yuanyi Pan, Jinjing Guo, Virginia He, Justin Song, Andrey I Seleznev, Katelyn Hur, Anna He, Alexander Davydov, Qi Yang, Anna Ostropolets, Randi Vita, Bjoern Peters, Alan Ruttenberg, Alexander D Diehl, Charles Tapley Hoyt, Paola Roncaglia, Rachael P Huntley, Richard H Scheuermann, Melanie Courtot, Thomas Todd, Samantha Sayers, Fang Chen, Xinna Li, Feng-Yu Yeh, Zuoshuang Xiang, Arzucan Ozgur, Patricia L Whetzel, Mark A Musen, Christopher J Mungall, Wolfgang W Leitner, Licong Cui, Lesley A Colby, Harry L T Mobley, Brian D Athey, Gilbert S Omenn, Lindsay G Cowell, Cui Tao, Junguk Hur, Barry Smith, Yongqun He

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Vaccines are widely used in both research and clinical settings. To facilitate FAIR data practices, we urgently need to standardize vaccine representation, integrate information across diverse vaccine types, and support computer-assisted reasoning. Accordingly, we have since 2007 developed the community-based Vaccine Ontology (VO), which aligns with the Basic Formal Ontology and adheres to OBO Foundry principles. VO ontologically models vaccines, vaccine components, vaccine immune responses, vaccine investigation studies and other vaccine-related topics. VO represents more than 10,000 vaccines targeting 289 infectious pathogens and cancers in humans and over 30 nonhuman animal species. VO provides mappings to external resources such as …


Beyond The Brain: Environmental Forces Driving Α-Synuclein Misfolding And Toxic Aggregation In Parkinson's Disease, Emily Mccarthy Apr 2026

Beyond The Brain: Environmental Forces Driving Α-Synuclein Misfolding And Toxic Aggregation In Parkinson's Disease, Emily Mccarthy

Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)

Parkinson's disease (PD) is an advanced neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and the proliferation of protein aggregates within the brain. This capstone thesis investigates the unique biochemical environment of the gastrointestinal tract and whether it contributes to the formation of distinctive α-Synuclein (αSyn) aggregates affecting PD. Key promoters of αSyn aggregation include genetic mutations, oxidative stress, post-translational modifications, interactions with metal ions, and dopamine (DA) oxidation. These factors result in diverse structures such as oligomers, protofibrils, and fibrils, which result in unique functional outcomes, with oligomeric conformations leading to the highest level of neuronal toxicity. Evidence …


Student Film Fest 2026 Playbill, Providence College Department Of Theatre, Dance, & Film Apr 2026

Student Film Fest 2026 Playbill, Providence College Department Of Theatre, Dance, & Film

Playbill and Promotions

Providence College Department of Theatre, Dance & Film

John Bowab Studio Theatre, Smith Center for the Arts

Student Film Fest 2026

April 30, 2026, 7PM

Festival Director, Ben Sweeney

Department Chair, Megan Chang

Production Manager, Anne Harrigan

Technical Director, Trevor Elliott

Assistant Technical Director, Gabriel Luxton

INTRODUCTORY REMARKS:

Rev. Kenneth Gumbert, O.P.

COMPETING FILMS

Luca DeLucia ‘28, Check, 11:29

Anthony Maldonado ‘27, The Allegory of the Cave, 9:35

Margaret Doyle ‘26, End of Beginning, 8:43

Ryan James Tobin ‘26, When One Door Closes, 9:46

Rowan Locascio - McLaughlin ‘26, The Limit, 13:27

Isabella Feher ‘26, Fearless …


Three Hundred Years In New Mexico’S La Cienega Valley: An Archaeology Of Hispano Occupation From The 17th Through 19th Centuries, Heather Trigg Apr 2026

Three Hundred Years In New Mexico’S La Cienega Valley: An Archaeology Of Hispano Occupation From The 17th Through 19th Centuries, Heather Trigg

Anthropology Faculty Publication Series

Beginning in the late 16th century, Hispanic settlers colonized New Mexico’s upper Rio Grande Valley, establishing farms and the village of Santa Fe amid Pueblo peoples. Colonists demanded tribute and labor from the Pueblos, enslaving some and suppressing religions. Less than a century later, Pueblo and Plains peoples rebelled and forced the settlers from the region. Twelve years after the Revolt, settlers returned, but they could not legally collect tribute or force labor. This project explores the changes in labor and land allocation between the Pre-Revolt and Post-Revolt periods.


Three Hundred Years In New Mexico's La Cienega Valley: An Archaeology Of Hispano Occupation From The 17th Through 19th Centuries, Heather Trigg Apr 2026

Three Hundred Years In New Mexico's La Cienega Valley: An Archaeology Of Hispano Occupation From The 17th Through 19th Centuries, Heather Trigg

Andrew Fiske Memorial Center for Archaeological Research Publications

Beginning in the late 16th century, Hispanic settlers colonized New Mexico’s upper Rio Grande Valley, establishing farms and the village of Santa Fe amid Pueblo peoples. Colonists demanded tribute and labor from the Pueblos, enslaving some and suppressing religions. Less than a century later, Pueblo and Plains peoples rebelled and forced the settlers from the region. Twelve years after the Revolt, settlers returned, but they could not legally collect tribute or force labor. This project explores the changes in labor and land allocation between the Pre-Revolt and Post-Revolt periods.


Zooarchaeological Analysis Of A Spanish Late Colonial And Territorial Periods Site In Northern Rio Grande, New Mexico, Sara Jaramillo Apr 2026

Zooarchaeological Analysis Of A Spanish Late Colonial And Territorial Periods Site In Northern Rio Grande, New Mexico, Sara Jaramillo

Andrew Fiske Memorial Center for Archaeological Research Publications

This poster examines faunal remains from El Rancho de las Golondrinas (LA 127375) to investigate animal production, consumption, and labor practices in northern New Mexico during the Late Colonial and Territorial periods. By applying standard zooarchaeological methods and comparing the assemblage to an earlier Spanish Colonial site (LA 20,000), the study explores changes and continuities in regional ranching economies under shifting political and economic conditions. Results indicate that sheep/goats (Ovis/Capra) and cattle (Bos taurus) remained the dominant domesticated animals, demonstrating the long-term importance of pastoralism in New Mexico. Variations in the relative abundance of livestock through time may reflect changes …


Knowledge Gaps In High-Energy Sacral Fracture Treatment And Management, Ashraf N. El Naga, Marko H. Neva, Ahmed Abdelazim Hassan, Gregory D. Schroeder, Mohammad El-Sharkawi, Sebastian F. Bigdon, Andrei F. Joaquim, Klaus Schnake, Richard Bransford, Emre Yilmaz Apr 2026

Knowledge Gaps In High-Energy Sacral Fracture Treatment And Management, Ashraf N. El Naga, Marko H. Neva, Ahmed Abdelazim Hassan, Gregory D. Schroeder, Mohammad El-Sharkawi, Sebastian F. Bigdon, Andrei F. Joaquim, Klaus Schnake, Richard Bransford, Emre Yilmaz

Rothman Institute Papers

High-energy sacral fractures (HESF) are often challenging injuries due to the location of the sacrum at the junction of the spine and pelvis, the complex biomechanics of the pelvic ring and the wide spectrum of injury patterns, which make treatment standardization challenging. Despite advances in classification systems - particularly the AOSpine Sacral Injury Classification - significant gaps remain in understanding optimal management. To review and discuss the management and identify knowledge gaps related to HESF. A narrative review of the literature was conducted, focusing on five domains: 1. Relative instability and biomechanics affected in different injury patterns; 2. The significance …


The Effect Of Liquid Foliar Fertilizer And Pruning Combinations On The Growth Of Productive Phase Arabica Coffee Plants (Coffea Arabica L.), Syifa Djuita Putri, Alvito Krishna Balapradhana, Mira Ariyanti, Intan Ratna Dewi Anjarsari, Yudithia Maxiselly Apr 2026

The Effect Of Liquid Foliar Fertilizer And Pruning Combinations On The Growth Of Productive Phase Arabica Coffee Plants (Coffea Arabica L.), Syifa Djuita Putri, Alvito Krishna Balapradhana, Mira Ariyanti, Intan Ratna Dewi Anjarsari, Yudithia Maxiselly

Jurnal Kultivasi

In recent years, productivity decline in arabica coffee has become a real issue in Indonesia. This decay has been brought about by various external and internal factors that are beyond human control. Various factors, including suboptimal cultivation practices, take part in this process. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of pruning combined with foliar fertilizer application (coconut water and sugarcane molasses) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) on the vegetative growth of arabica coffee plants during the production phase. The research was conducted at Ciparanje Experimental Field, Universitas Padjadjaran, using a randomized complete block design with seven treatments …


The Scripted Body: A Historical Analysis Of How Vituperative Narratives Shaped Disparities In Women’S Healthcare, Eva Fava-Rodrigues Apr 2026

The Scripted Body: A Historical Analysis Of How Vituperative Narratives Shaped Disparities In Women’S Healthcare, Eva Fava-Rodrigues

Gender, Sexuality and Women's Studies Student Scholarship

No abstract provided.


Daniel E. Walters, Daniel E. Walters Apr 2026

Daniel E. Walters, Daniel E. Walters

Faculty CVs

No abstract provided.


The Indiana Statesman, April 30, 2026, Indiana State University Apr 2026

The Indiana Statesman, April 30, 2026, Indiana State University

Student Newspaper

Finals Week Schedule; Laundry fire in Burford Hall; How to prepare for the end of the year


Negosiasi Diplomasi Budaya K-Pop Di Indonesia: Studi Kasus Boikot Penggemar Ateez, Dhannya Febryana Apr 2026

Negosiasi Diplomasi Budaya K-Pop Di Indonesia: Studi Kasus Boikot Penggemar Ateez, Dhannya Febryana

Multikultura

This study examines the boycott by Indonesian fans against the K-pop group ATEEZ as part of the dynamics of South Korea’s cultural diplomacy in Southeast Asia. Building on the understanding of K-pop as an important instrument of soft power in South Korea’s cultural diplomacy strategy, this research highlights how regional audiences do not always passively accept such practices. Using a qualitative approach with digital discourse analysis, the study analyzes boycott-related discourses circulating on social media and in online news coverage to explore the narratives, meanings, and cultural implications of this action. The fan boycott is not merely an expression of …


Subtitling Strategies For Translating Korean Terms Of Address Into Indonesian, Annisa Puji Lestari, Usmi Usmi Apr 2026

Subtitling Strategies For Translating Korean Terms Of Address Into Indonesian, Annisa Puji Lestari, Usmi Usmi

Multikultura

This study examines the subtitling strategies used in translating Korean terms of address into Indonesian, with a focus on how sociocultural meanings embedded in Korean address systems are conveyed in the target language. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, the study analyses a corpus of dialogue excerpts taken from two Korean drama series. The findings identify seven categories of address terms: proper names, occupational titles, kinship terms, common nouns, attention-getters, pronouns, and child name-derived forms. Proper names are the most frequent category, followed by occupational titles, kinship terms, common nouns, and attention-getters, whereas pronouns and child name-based forms occur less frequently. …


Makna Simbol Hewan Dalam Peribahasa Arab Di Media Sosial, Farwah Sofwatun Nida Apr 2026

Makna Simbol Hewan Dalam Peribahasa Arab Di Media Sosial, Farwah Sofwatun Nida

Multikultura

It is known that proverbs have existed for a long time, but today researchers have identified many proverbs, especially those that use animal symbolism, and these proverbs are being republished on social media. This study aims to analyze the meanings and origins of these proverbs so that we can understand the context of their current use on social media. The research was conducted using a qualitative method with an in-depth semantic approach. Data were collected through social media research techniques, drawing from YouTube, Facebook, and Instagram. The findings indicate that animal symbols in Arabic proverbs contain both negative and positive …


Human Dignity In The Foundational Political Documents Of The United States, Kalista Roades Apr 2026

Human Dignity In The Foundational Political Documents Of The United States, Kalista Roades

Honors Theses

Human dignity is integral to modern discussions of human rights and liberties, but this connection can be found stretching back through history to the early developments of human rights. This paper begins with modern philosophical definitions of human dignity, especially from Rosen and Kateb. Rosen discusses four “strands” of dignity- Intrinsic Dignity, Status Dignity, Manner Dignity, and Respect Dignity. This paper then uses that framework to find human dignity implicit within the founding documents of the United States including the Declaration of Independence, the Constitution, and the Bill of Rights, as well as “Common Sense” and the Magna Carta to …


“Under The Fig-Tree”: Post-Revolutionary Literature Influences American Government, Clara Kernodle Apr 2026

“Under The Fig-Tree”: Post-Revolutionary Literature Influences American Government, Clara Kernodle

Honors Theses

The literary context of post-Revolutionary America developed a broad sense of the American character as virtuous, hardworking, and responsible. In the 1780s, three American writers, representing these three categories of literature, penned their perspectives on human character and society, to much commercial success. J. Hector St. John de Crèvecoeur, Royall Tyler, and Philip Freneau described their situations and opinions with candor and wit, helped spark a broad sense of the American character, and influenced the authors of the nation’s founding documents. At the end of that same decade, Anti-Federalist political philosophy drew from an established literary conception of the American …


Sex Or Survival: Does Wounding Elicit A Somatic Reproductive Tradeoff In Narnia Femorata Males?, Lillian E. Burbulis Apr 2026

Sex Or Survival: Does Wounding Elicit A Somatic Reproductive Tradeoff In Narnia Femorata Males?, Lillian E. Burbulis

Departmental Honors & Graduate Capstone Projects

Animals must partition resources into different life history traits resulting in tradeoffs because resources are finite. A tradeoff is the allocation of resources to one trait over another. Theory states that energy is allocated in a hierarchical fashion. For example, somatic maintenance should be a higher priority than reproduction, resulting in more resources being allocated to somatic maintenance compared to reproductive traits. The metabolic investment hypothesis states that energy must follow a hierarchical order prioritizing somatic maintenance over reproduction. Another hypothesis for energy allocation is the terminal investment hypothesis. This hypothesis states that energy will be allocated to reproduction over …


Bates College Undergraduate Law Review: Volume Iii, Issue I, Spring 2026, Bates College Law Society Apr 2026

Bates College Undergraduate Law Review: Volume Iii, Issue I, Spring 2026, Bates College Law Society

Bates College Undergraduate Law Review

No abstract provided.


Lingering Space: Stillness As Animation In Cinematic Architecture, Caecilia Srikanti Wijayaputri Apr 2026

Lingering Space: Stillness As Animation In Cinematic Architecture, Caecilia Srikanti Wijayaputri

ARSNET

Lingering space appears incompatible with the cinematic. It neither advances nor transforms, resisting narrative progression and formal resolution. This paper, however, argues that the space that lingers constitutes a distinct cinematic condition within architecture. Challenging the assumption that animation depends on movement, the study examines how suspended, non-assembled spatial configurations sustain structural adjacency without consolidating into enclosure. The analysis is based on a practice-led photographic study of a furniture workshop, where wooden components, unfinished frames, tools, and material residues remain in partial states of assembly. Through a series of still images organised as analytical grids, the paper examines how repetition, …


Development Of Ispring Suite-Based Learning Media Using Dual Coding Theory For Arabic Vocabulary, Nafilah Afifah Zain, Muhammad Ardy Zaini, Mokhammad Miftakhul Huda, Taha Ramadan Ibrahim Zaghloul Apr 2026

Development Of Ispring Suite-Based Learning Media Using Dual Coding Theory For Arabic Vocabulary, Nafilah Afifah Zain, Muhammad Ardy Zaini, Mokhammad Miftakhul Huda, Taha Ramadan Ibrahim Zaghloul

Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran

Backgrounds: Mastery of Arabic vocabulary is essential for language proficiency; however, instruction in Islamic senior high schools remains dominated by memorisation and drill methods, resulting in low retention and limited integration of cognitively grounded digital media. Objectives: This study aims to analyse students’ needs in Arabic vocabulary learning, examine the feasibility of iSpring-based learning media grounded in Dual Coding Theory, and test its effectiveness in improving vocabulary mastery. Methods: The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, combined with a one-group pre-test–post-test design. Data were collected through observations, interviews, questionnaires, and vocabulary tests, and analysed …


Child-Centered User Interface Design For Early Language Learning Applications: A Qualitative Comparative Study, Fenie Fedora Wijaya, Shienny Megawati Sutanto Apr 2026

Child-Centered User Interface Design For Early Language Learning Applications: A Qualitative Comparative Study, Fenie Fedora Wijaya, Shienny Megawati Sutanto

Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran

Background: In the digital learning era, user interface (UI) design plays an important role in shaping how children engage with educational applications, particularly in early language learning contexts. however, many applications are not fully aligned with children’s cognitive, emotional, and developmental needs. Objective: This study aims to examine how UI design in child-centered language learning applications can be optimized to support children’s cognitive and emotional needs while enhancing learning outcomes. Method: This study adopts a qualitative comparative approach, integrating a literature review, visual analysis of two English-language learning applications (Duolingo ABC and BOOKR Class), semi-structured interviews with three design experts, …


Ronit Ricci (Ed.) (2023), "Storied Island; New Explorations In Javanese Literature", Zakariya Pamuji Aminullah Apr 2026

Ronit Ricci (Ed.) (2023), "Storied Island; New Explorations In Javanese Literature", Zakariya Pamuji Aminullah

Wacana, Journal of the Humanities of Indonesia

No abstract provided.


Facsimiles, Russell Soh Apr 2026

Facsimiles, Russell Soh

Student Theses

An excerpt:

Hi Everyone, I’m currently in the process of organizing and sketching out a series of prose proems based on a small multitude of notes I’ve accrued over the last six months. These notes are essentially notes towards the writing of various poems (around 8). The idea is basically to turn these notes, or these would-be poems, into a series of abstracted ‘facsimiles’, like tangible ghosts trapped in a simulacrum of the poem. I need to be reacquainted with the prose poem, or at least my idea of it.


Elucidating The Role Of The Gastrointestinal Microbiome And Diet In Dopamine Release In Relation To Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder., Meaghan Mcdonald Apr 2026

Elucidating The Role Of The Gastrointestinal Microbiome And Diet In Dopamine Release In Relation To Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder., Meaghan Mcdonald

Celebrating Scholarship and Creativity Day (2018-)

Currently affecting 340-580 million people worldwide, ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects how the brain controls attention, behaviour and impulses often beginning in childhood and continuing into adulthood. ADHD is known to be associated with monoamine neurotransmitters including dopamine. This work aims to uncover the ways in which metabolism of monoamine precursors in the gastrointestinal microbiome influences dopamine release in the brain. Previous studies have indicated that children with ADHD display distinct gut bacteria profiles with unique microbiota species that result in the disruption of monoamine precursor pathways of phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism. Emphasis on our western diet and …


Perception Of Color Vision Deficiency And Its Impact On Accessible Digital Design In Higher Education, Ester Campos-Baello, David Alonso Urbano Apr 2026

Perception Of Color Vision Deficiency And Its Impact On Accessible Digital Design In Higher Education, Ester Campos-Baello, David Alonso Urbano

Artículos científicos

La deficiencia en la visión del color (CVD), comúnmente conocida como daltonismo, afecta aproximadamente al 8 % de los hombres y al 0,5 % de las mujeres en todo el mundo. Esta afección es especialmente relevante en disciplinas como la animación, el diseño digital y los videojuegos. En estos campos, el color tiene una función estética y narrativa, ya que sirve de guía y transmite emociones. Este estudio analizó el nivel de conocimiento y percepción de la CVD y la accesibilidad cromática en la comunidad universitaria de la Universidad de Diseño, Innovación y Tecnología (UDIT) de Madrid, España. Se realizó …


The Role Of The Ventral Tegmental Area In Reward And Addiction: A Comprehensive Review, Emad Ali Albadawi Apr 2026

The Role Of The Ventral Tegmental Area In Reward And Addiction: A Comprehensive Review, Emad Ali Albadawi

Neurosciences

The ventral tegmental area (VTA) is a central hub in reward and motivation, integrating heterogeneous neuronal populations and projection-defined circuits to regulate learning, decision-making, and addiction. This review synthesizes anatomical organization and cellular diversity (dopaminergic, GABAergic, and glutamatergic neurons, including multitransmitter co-release), and maps major efferent pathways constituting the mesolimbic and mesocortical systems. We highlight computational roles of VTA activity, including reward prediction errors, incentive salience, and context memory integration, and summarize drug class-specific mechanisms that perturb VTA output. We then outline time-dependent neuroadaptations across mesocorticolimbic networks and discuss therapeutic implications spanning pharmacological, behavioral, and emerging circuit-targeted interventions. Together, these …


Neuroinflammation At The Crossroads Of Neurodegeneration: The Roles Of Microglia And Astrocytes In Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, And Multiple Sclerosis, Mohannad A. Almikhlafi Apr 2026

Neuroinflammation At The Crossroads Of Neurodegeneration: The Roles Of Microglia And Astrocytes In Parkinson's Disease, Alzheimer's Disease, And Multiple Sclerosis, Mohannad A. Almikhlafi

Neurosciences

Neuroinflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and multiple sclerosis. This review explores the underlying mechanisms of neuroinflammation, with a focus on the roles of microglia, astrocytes, peripheral immune cell infiltration, and cytokine release. The complex interplay between oxidative stress and chronic inflammation accelerates neurodegeneration, contributing to disease progression. Microglial activation, initially protective, becomes harmful when sustained over time, driving chronic inflammation. Similarly, astrocytes once considered passive are now recognized for their active involvement in both inflammatory and neuroprotective responses, depending on their activation state. Prolonged activation of microglia and …