Digital Commons Network^™

Gene Expression In Tumor And Adjacent Normal Tissues In Lung Adenocarcinoma Subtypes, Olga Y Gorlova, Ivan P Gorlov, R Taylor Ripley, Chao Cheng, Yafang Li, Bo Peng, Yanhong Liu, Hee-Jin Jang, Sung Wook Kang, Claire Lee, Priyanka Ranchod, Bryan M Burt, Hyun-Sung Lee, Christopher I Amos

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) has several histologically distinct subtypes that differ by a number of clinical features including patient survival. Molecular mechanisms underlying histological and clinical differences between subtypes remain poorly understood.

Methods: We conducted a comparative analyses of gene expression in acinar, lepidic, papillary and solid subtypes, as well as mucinous adenocarcinoma. We used a novel, more efficient approach to identify subtype-specific genes. We compared the mean gene expression level separately for tumors and adjacent normal tissue with pure or a highly represented (≥ 75%) subtype of interest to the mean expression in tumors where the subtype of interest …

Development And Usability Testing Of A Preliminary Web-Based Application For The Clinical Implementation Of Blood Flow Restriction: A Mixed Methods Pilot Study, Isaac J. Wedig, Erich Petushek, John J. Durocher, John Mcdaniel, Steven J. Elmer

Michigan Tech Publications

Introduction: Exercise with blood flow restriction (BFR) has gained popularity for use with a wide range of healthy and clinical populations. However, several factors including medical screening, selection of equipment, and determination of cuff pressure still pose barriers for implementation. Accordingly, this study aimed to develop and test a web-based application to guide practitioners in using BFR safely and effectively. Methods: First, we developed an application to assist with medical screening, selection of appropriate equipment, and determination of cuff pressures. Subsequently, we conducted preliminary usability testing of the application using a mixed methods approach. Licensed physical therapists (n = 5) …

Ablation Of The Evolutionarily Acquired Functions Of The Atp1b4 Gene Increases Metabolic Capacity And Reduces Obesity, Nikolai N Modyanov, Lucia Russo, Sumona Ghosh Lester, Tamara R Castañeda, Himangi G Marathe, Larisa V Fedorova, Raymond E Bourey, Sonia M Najjar, Ivana L De La Serna

2020-Current year OA Pubs

In placental mammals, the co-option of vertebrate orthologous

A New Approach To Stability Of Delay Differential Equations With Time-Varying Delays Via Isospectral Reduction, Quinlan Leishman

Theses and Dissertations

Understanding how time delays impact the stability of a delay differential equation is important for modeling many natural and technological systems that experience time delays. Here we introduce a new stability criterion for delay-independent stability of these equations, called intrinsic stability, showing global exponential stability for a large class of nonautonomous nonlinear systems. Our approach is able to incorporate bounded time-varying delays, including those with certain types of discontinuities. The approach we take to prove this result is novel, associating the delay differential equation with a sequence of finite-dimensional matrices of increasing size and using the graph-theoretic technique of isospectral …

Examining Enrollment Populations At A Predominantly White Research Institution In The Northeast United States, Terrence Calvin Harris

Theses and Dissertations

This qualitative critical race case study investigates the underrepresentation of Black and Latinx students at Heister University, a predominantly White public research institution in the Northeastern United States. Despite its location near two diverse cities and its reputation as an affordable, high-quality university, its student body remains disproportionately White. This study explores whether admissions and recruitment policies, either overtly or covertly, contribute to systemic barriers limiting access for students from minoritized groups. Using Critical Race Theory and Colorblindness Ideology, the research examines the intersection of race, policy, and institutional practice through interviews policy reviews, demographic data. Findings reveal that “inclusive” …

The Construction Of Ph- And Temperature-Responsive Drug Delivery Systems Based On Metal Organic Frameworks And Phase Change Materials, Wanying Wei

Theses and Dissertations

In this study, core-shell microparticles were synthesized using coaxial electrospray techniques, with Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework-8 encapsulating either Rhodamine B or Doxorubicin in the core. ZIF-8 is a material well regarded for its effectiveness in drug delivery systems. Phase change materials are composed of a 4:1 mixture of lauric acid and stearic acid in the shell. The PCM chosen has a melting point close to physiological body temperature. The structural morphology and thermal stability of the microparticles were confirmed using Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-ray Diffraction, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Thermogravimetric Analysis, and Infrared Spectroscopy. The release of the drug was influenced by …

High- Speed Wireless Interference Separation Based On Photonic Deep Learning Accelerators And Three-Dimensional Image Reconstruction For Medical Applications, Taichu Shi

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation is centered on fast wideband interference management through advanced photonic signal processing and hybrid communication architectures. The core of this work is based on an optical pulse sampling technique proposed for photonic blind source separation (BSS) to recover wideband signals from their sub-Nyquist samples. With the use of ultra-short optical pulses to obtain statistically representative samples, this method retains important statistical properties of the signals while significantly reducing constraints imposed by analog to digital conversion and digital signal processing. Building on this foundation, we further apply the photonic BSS system within a hybrid free space optical (FSO) and …

Exploring The Effect Of Led-To-Photodetector Spacing On Subcutaneous Photoplethysmography For Continuous Blood Pressure Measurement, Dario Cabal, Brian Nguyen, David B. Green, Kevin Kilgore, Varun Thakkar, Michael J. Fu, Steve J. Majerus

Student Scholarship

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is widely used to measure heart rate, blood oxygenation, and more recently, blood pressure. Implanted PPG systems offer the possibility to measure similar real-time measures of cardiovascular health, however, the detection method may vary due to a lack of capillary vessels for PPG sensors to observe in muscle tissue. To improve volumetric blood detection in large muscles, without relying on the capillary density of skin, a flexible PPG sensor was developed. The sensor included multiple spacing of illuminating infrared (IR) light emitting diodes (LEDs) and a single IR photodetector. This arrangement was expected to enable detection of blood …

The Virtual Kitchen Challenge: Psychometric Validation In Cognitively Healthy And Impaired Older Adults, Ross M. Divers

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

Decline in everyday functioning is core diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. While historically, MCI was considered a stage of generally persevered everyday functioning, it is now widely accepted that subtle though clinically meaningful changes in everyday function can be observed and are predictive of increased risk of future decline and conversion to dementia. Despite this, self and informant report questionnaires of everyday function largely fail to capture this subtle decline in those with MCI, while performance-based measures that may be able to capture this decline are rarely administered clinically due to their laborious administration. Performance-based measures …

Preserving Meaning In An Age Of Algorithms And Ai, David L. Hildebrand

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

New technologies not only surveil and collect data about us, they also change and alter the way we make or preserve meaning, including aesthetic meaning. Accordingly, the ways we consider, research, and educate aesthetics will have to adapt, at least insofar as it keeps a new range of technological dimensions in mind. To help imagine such dimensions, this paper examines the opportunities and challenges of technologies offering new ways of creating things while also nudging and “hypernudging” our actions. Such developments may initially seem trivial but they are changing our relationships with one another and with ourselves. After a brief, …

Beauty And The Bit: Ai-Driven Philosophical Aesthetics, Stefano De Giorgis, Aldo Gangemi

Contemporary Aesthetics (Journal Archive)

This paper presents a novel computational framework for formalizing and analyzing philosophical aesthetics discourse through the integration of knowledge representation techniques and large language models (LLMs). The framework introduces a structure based on four elements combining source texts, core ontology, knowledge graphs, and interpretative mappings to systematically capture both explicit content and implicit semantic relationships in aesthetics texts. Through a case study analyzing works by Dewey, Danto, and Sibley, we demonstrate how this approach enables the systematic reverse engineering of aesthetic analytical methods while maintaining semantic stability and interpretative clarity. The framework leverages human expert annotation alongside LLM capabilities to …

The Overlooked Impact Of Background Diet And Adherence In Nutrition Trials, Javier I Ottaviani, Hagen Schroeter, Dennis M Bier, John W Erdman, Howard D Sesso, Joann E Manson, Gunter G C Kuhnle

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Randomised controlled trials in nutrition (RCTN) face unique challenges, including the considerable influence of the background diet and the challenge of assuring intervention adherence by participants. The impact of these factors on the outcome of RCTNs has been difficult to quantify, but nutritional biomarkers represent a valuable tool to address these challenges. Using flavanols as a model dietary intervention and a set of recently validated flavanol biomarkers, we here investigated the impact of background diet and adherence on the outcomes of a subcohort of the COcoa Supplement and Multivitamin Outcomes Study (COSMOS, NCT 02422745). We found that 20% of participants …

Soft Hexapod Robot With Tendon-Driven Continuum Legs For Internal Infrastructure Inspection, Setayesh Yavari

LSU Master's Theses

The need for robotic systems capable of operating in confined, hazardous, or complex environments has driven interest in soft and legged platforms for industrial inspection and structural integrity assessment. This thesis presents the design and fabrication of a tentacle-like, soft-legged hexapod robot, which uses six cable-stiffened, pre-curved, tendon-driven continuum robot (TDCR) legs. These biologically inspired legs are designed to offer a balance between compliance and control, enabling the robot to navigate unstructured terrains and potentially grasp cylindrical structures such as pipes. The design phase involved the development and comparison of multiple leg geometries using CAD modeling and finite element analysis …

Effects Of Staphylococcal Superantigen-Like Protein 11 (Ssl11) On The Host Immune Response During Lung Infection, Sajani Ghaju

LSU Master's Theses

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an opportunistic pathogen that produces numerous immune evasion molecules that target various components of the host immune defense to cause infection. One of these is a family of virulence factors, Staphylococcal superantigen-like proteins (SSLs) with 14 members that exhibit host immune-evasion functions. SSL11 has been reported to inhibit neutrophil migration, preventing its recruitment to sites of infection. However, its role in vivo and effect on neutrophil phagocytosis have not been known. This thesis focuses on studying the effect of recombinant SSL11 protein in an in vivo S. aureus-induced pneumonia model and in vitro …

Evaluating The Impact Of Teacher Evaluation And Education Incentive Systems In Universities.Pdf, Yi He, Fung Lan Yong, Louis Yuk Su Chin

Jesselton Journal of Educators and Scholars

This study investigates the effectiveness of teacher evaluation and incentive systems in China higher education, focusing on Fujian Polytechnic Normal University as a case study. Faculty performance and motivation are critical drivers of institutional success, yet existing evaluation and incentive mechanisms often face challenges related to fairness, transparency, and motivational impact. Using a quantitative research design, we collected survey responses from 107 faculty members to assess the perceived effectiveness of evaluation tools (peer reviews, student feedback, self-assessments, and administrative reviews) and incentive structures (financial rewards, professional development, promotions, and recognition awards). Findings indicate that administrative reviews and professional development opportunities …

Intouch Week Of July 14, 2025, New York Medical College

InTouch

• The 2025 Issue of Chironian is Available
• Medical Student Patricia Curtin Awarded Prestigious Neurology Research Scholarship
• Dr. Walter L. Jenkins Appointed Division Chief and Program Director of Physical Therapy
• TCDM Launches in Albuquerque
• Faculty Spotlight: From Pupil to Professor: Alumni Lighting the Way at NYMC

The Effects Of A Combined Exercise Intervention On Body Composition, Gdf-15, Apelin-12, And Il-15 Among Older Korean Women According To Obesity Status, Jeongsook Kim, Eadric Bressel, Minkyo Kim, Taekyu Kim, Suhan Koh, Doyeon Kim

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a 16-week exercise program combining aerobic and resistance training on body composition, growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15), apelin-12, and interleukin-15 (IL-15) in older Korean women according to obesity status. Methods: Participants were divided into obesity (n = 15) and normal-weight groups (n = 14). A walking exercise was performed at 60–70% heart rate reserve (RPE 13–15). The bodyweight resistance exercises were progressively intensified over 16 weeks. Analysis methods included two-way repeated measures ANOVA, ANCOVA, and paired and independent t-tests. Results: Significant main effects of time and …

Spatial Proximity Of Immune Cell Pairs To Cancer Cells In The Tumor Microenvironment As Biomarkers For Patient Stratification, Jian-Rong Li, Xingxin Pan, Yupei Lin, Yanding Zhao, Yanhong Liu, Yong Li, Christopher I Amos, Chao Cheng

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background/objectives: The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in cancer progression by shaping immune responses and influencing patient outcomes. We hypothesized that the relative proximity of specific immune cell pairs to cancer cells within the TME could help predict their pro- or anti-tumor functions and reflect clinically relevant immune dynamics.

Methods: We analyzed imaging mass cytometry (IMC) data from lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cohorts. For each immune cell pair, we calculated a relative distance (RD) score, which quantifies the spatial difference in proximity to cancer cells. We assessed the prognostic and predictive significance of these …

Exploring Differentially Expressed Genes To Identify Biomarkers Of Cervical Cancer: A Bioinformatics Approach, Dwi Anita Suryandari, Luluk Yunaini, Diyah Kristanty, Aisyah Prawiningrum

Indonesian Journal of Medical Chemistry and Bioinformatics

This study explores the molecular landscape of cervical cancer through the identification and analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the GSE63514 dataset. A high-confidence protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed using the STRING database (v11.5) and visualized via Cytoscape, identifying 178 nodes and 1,052 edges. Using the CytoHubba plugin, the top 10 hub genes—TOP2A, MKI67, CDK1, BUB1, CCNB1, CCNA2, AURKA, CDC20, PLK1, and RFC4—were highlighted based on degree centrality. These genes are predominantly associated with cell cycle regulation, DNA replication, and mitotic division, and are potentially valuable as biomarkers or therapeutic targets for cervical cancer. Functional enrichment using DAVID …

Pengaruh Penerapan Teknik Relaksasi Otot Progresif Berbasis Musik Instrumental Terhadap Gejala Stres Kerja Pada Pegawai Di Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Probolinggo, Salwa Isna Barlian, Anita Sulistyorini, Marji Marji, Agung Kurniawan

National Journal of Occupational Health and Safety

Work stress symptoms are a condition where there is a mismatch between a person's condition and work demands, resulting in mental (psychological), physical, and behavioral disorders. Government employees are among those who are vulnerable to experiencing work stress symptoms. Based on preliminary study results, the Probolinggo Regency Health Office is one of the type A offices with a high workload, and several employees have been found to experience symptoms of work stress. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of applying instrumental music-based progressive muscle relaxation techniques on work stress symptoms in employees at the Probolinggo Regency …

Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity And Random Inputs Shape Interspike Interval Regularity Of Model Stn Neurons, Thoa Thieu, Roderick Melnik

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

Background/Objectives: Neuronal oscillations play a key role in the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD). This study investigates the effects of random synaptic inputs, their correlations, and the interaction with synaptic dynamics and spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) on the membrane potential and firing patterns of subthalamic nucleus (STN) neurons, both in healthy and PD-affected states. Methods: We used a modified Hodgkin–Huxley model with a Langevin stochastic framework to study how synaptic conductance, random input fluctuations, and STDP affect STN neuron firing and membrane potential, including sensitivity to refractory period and synaptic depression variability. Results: Our results show that random inputs significantly …

Large B Cell Lymphoma Microenvironment Archetype Profiles, Xubin Li, Kartik Singhal, Qing Deng, Dai Chihara, David Russler-Germain, R Andrew Harkins, Jared Henderson, Kotaro Arita, Atish Kizhakeyil, Ryan Sun, Priya Lakra, Usama Hussein, Jennifer A Foltz, Ashley Wilson, Evelyn Schmidt, Imran Nizamuddin, Tommy Dinh, Akhil Kesaraju, Mark P Hamilton, Carl Allen, Maher K Gandhi, Joshua Tobin, Aixiang Jiang, Laura Hilton, David W Scott, Francisco Vega, Christopher R Flowers, Jason R Westin, Obi L Griffith, Todd A Fehniger, Malachi Griffith, Michael R Green

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Large B cell lymphomas (LBCL) are clinically and biologically heterogeneous lymphoid malignancies with complex microenvironments that are central to disease etiology. Here we have employed single-nucleus multiome profiling of 232 tumor and control biopsies to characterize diverse cell types and subsets that are present in LBCL tumors, effectively capturing the lymphoid, myeloid, and non-hematopoietic cell compartments. Cell subsets co-occurred in stereotypical Lymphoma Microenvironment Archetype Profiles (LymphoMAPs) defined by; (i) a sparsity of T cells and high frequencies of cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumor-associated macrophages [FMAC]; (ii) lymph node architectural cell types with naïve and memory T cells [LN]; or (iii) activated …

Selective Alanine Transporter Utilization Is A Therapeutic Vulnerability In Arid1a-Mutant Ovarian Cancer, Hao Nie, Liping Liao, Rafal J Zielinski, Javier A Gomez, Akshay V Basi, Erin H Seeley, Lin Tan, Agnes Julia Bilecz, Wei Zhou, Heng Liu, Chen Wang, Shuai Wu, Yuan Qi, Taito Miyamoto, Federica Severi, Aaron R Goldman, Shengqing Gu, Anil K Sood, Amir A Jazaeri, Ronny Drapkin, Daniel T Claiborne, Nan Zhang, Philip L Lorenzi, Jared K Burks, Ernst Lengyel, Eyal Gottlieb, Rugang Zhang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Subunits of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex are altered in ~20% of human cancers. Exemplifying the alterations is the ARID1A mutation that occurs in ~50% ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC), a disease with limited therapeutic options. Here, we showed that ARID1A mutations create a dependence on alanine by regulating alanine transporters to increase intracellular alanine levels. ARID1A directly repressed alanine importer SLC38A2 and simultaneously promoted alanine exporter SLC7A8. ARID1A inactivation increased alanine utilization predominantly in protein synthesis and passively through the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Indeed, ARID1A-mutant OCCCs were hyper-sensitive to inhibition of SLC38A2. In addition, SLC38A2 inhibition enhanced chimeric antigen …

Novel Piperidone And Bispidine Derivatives: A New Approach In Cancer Therapy, Lereen Khaled Youssry

Theses and Dissertations

Cancer remains the second leading cause of death worldwide. As a result, scientists have been trying to find novel therapeutic approaches that target specific metabolic pathways selective to tumor cells. In this study, two novel piperidone and bispidine derivatives, organic molecules that target polyamine metabolism, were synthesized, and their potential cytotoxic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects were investigated. Polyamines are naturally occurring metabolites that were reported to be in excess at cancer cells and were accounted for tumor proliferation, invasion and metastasis. Accordingly, the novel piperidone and bispidine derivatives were expected to disrupt tumor growth and progression via up-regulation of key …

Investigating Molecular Mechanisms Of Meiosis And Mitosis In Cryptosporidium Parvum, Abigail Kimball

Arts & Sciences Graduate Student Theses and Dissertations

The apicomplexan parasite Cryptosporidium parvum (Cp) is a major global contributor to infectious diarrhea in children and poses a serious threat to immunocompromised adults. This dissertation investigates Cp's unique life cycle, which alternates between sexual and asexual reproduction to achieve three critical objectives: producing oocysts capable of transmission, enhancing genetic variation through recombination, and generating sufficient progeny for survival. Sexual reproduction is essential for forming infectious oocysts that facilitate disease transmission. Yet, the process of meiosis in Cp has been historically understudied due to limitations of traditional in vitro culture methods. The newly developed air-liquid interface (ALI) culture system supports …

Differential Roles Of Cyclin–Cdk1 Complexes In Cell Migration And Invasion, Joseph H.R. Hetmanski, Michael J. Jones, Matthew Hartshorn, Patrick T. Caswell, Matthew C. Jones

Peninsula Medical School

We have previously described a central role for CDK1 at the nexus of adhesion signalling and cell cycle progression, demonstrating that CDK1 has a non-canonical role in regulating integrin adhesion complexes and in the migration of cancer cells in 3D interstitial matrix. Here, we show that the CDK1-binding partners cyclinB1 and cyclinA2 also have roles in cell migration and invasion in both cancer and non-transformed cells. CyclinB1 plays a key role in RhoA activation to promote rear retraction in a membrane tension-dependent manner, whereas cyclinA2 has a general role in promoting motility. Knockdown of either cyclin significantly perturbs migration with …

Integrating Belowground Recovery Into Tropical Forest Restoration Design And Monitoring, Lauren Toro, Leland K. Werden, Shalom D. Addo-Danso, Kelly M. Andersen, Sarah Batterman, Matilde M. Bragadini, Pooja Choksi, Rebecca J. Cole, Liza S. Comita, Daniela Cusack, Daisy H. Dent, Lee H. Dietterich, Joshua B. Fisher, Katrin Fleischer, Lucia Fuchslueger, Nohemi Huanca-Nunez, Janey R. Lienau, Lindsay A. Mcculloch, Ember M. Morrissey, Jennifer S. Powers, Mareli Sánchez-Juliá, Oscar Valverde-Barrantes, Anita Weissflog, Michelle Y. Wong

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

There is growing recognition that tropical forest restoration is key for sequestering carbon and enhancing ecosystem resilience. Soils, roots, and soil biota are central to ecosystem function and services, but belowground recovery is largely overlooked in restoration monitoring frameworks. Here, we outline current understanding of the links between above- and belowground recovery in tropical forests by examining how belowground properties before and after intervention influence recovery; by evaluating whether aboveground recovery can serve as a proxy for belowground dynamics; and by proposing a blueprint for monitoring dynamic soil physical (bulk density, aggregate stability), chemical (organic matter or carbon, pH), and …

Exogenous Arginine Differentially Regulates Inflammatory Cytokine And Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Expression In Macrophages, Kelsey Stayer, Saliha Pathan, Aalekhya Biswas, Huiqiao Li, Yi Zhu, Fong Wilson Lam, Juan Marini, Sundararajah Thevananther

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Immune dysfunction and late mortality from multiorgan failure are hallmarks of severe sepsis. Arginine, a semi-essential amino acid important for protein synthesis, immune response, and circulatory regulation, is deficient in sepsis. However, arginine supplementation in sepsis remains controversial due to the potential to upregulate inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS)-mediated excessive nitric oxide (NO) generation in macrophages, leading to vasodilation and hemodynamic catastrophe. Citrulline supplementation has been considered an alternative to replenishing arginine via de novo synthesis, orchestrated by argininosuccinate synthase 1 (ASS1) and argininosuccinate lyase (ASL). However, the functional relevance of the ASS1-ASL pathway in macrophages after endotoxin stimulation is …

Prevalence And Risk Factors Of Concurrent Osteoarthritis And Urolithiasis In Dogs In Thailand (2018–2020), Faiz Ihsanul Kamil, Kumpanart Soontornvipart

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that significantly impacts dog health, often leading to chronic pain, reduced mobility, and behavioral changes that may predispose dogs to secondary conditions such as urolithiasis. This study aimed to investigate the association between osteoarthritis and urolithiasis in dogs using radiographic imaging data collected from the Small Animal Teaching Hospital, Chulalongkorn University, Thailand, over a three-year period (January 2018 to December 2020). A total of 16,377 dogs were included, and cases of osteoarthritis, urolithiasis, or the concurrent occurrence of both conditions were identified through a systematic database review. Binary logistic regression models were used to …

Defining Economic And Environmental Typologies Across 77 Countries To Prioritize Opportunities For Nonsewered Sanitation, Hannah A. C. Lohman, Yalin Li, Xinyi Zhang, Victoria L. Morgan, Shion Watabe, Stetson Rowles, Roland D. Cusick, Jeremy S. Guest

Civil Engineering & Construction: Faculty Publications

Lack of access to sanitation is a challenge that persists globally, with low sewerage connection rates in many low- and lower-middle-income countries. Engineered nonsewered sanitation (NSS) technologies can meet treatment requirements without sewers, but their relative sustainability varies across potential deployment sites. Here, we characterize the costs and carbon intensity (CI) of three emerging NSS technologies, two community reinvented toilets (CRTs) and one Omni Processor (OP), across 77 countries, identify sustainability performance typologies, and map typology prevalence in countries across the globe. Locality-specific factors such as wages, diet, and material costs drive regional variability in NSS costs by up to …