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2025

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A Comparison Of White-Light And Monochromatic Led Sources For Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation Of Staphylococcus Aureus, Emily Simmons Dec 2025

A Comparison Of White-Light And Monochromatic Led Sources For Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation Of Staphylococcus Aureus, Emily Simmons

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

Drug-resistant bacteria are an ongoing public health crisis for which alternative treatments are needed. One alternative is antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (aPDI), which uses potent photosensitizers and light irradiation to damage the bacteria. Our standard light source used in aPDI is a single-wavelength light source at 405-nm; however, we evaluated a white-light source for similarities in the resulting aPDI activities. This is done by comparing aPDI experiments using S. aureus and its methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA) conducted with either the white LED light source or the 405-nm LED light source. Statistical analysis using t-tests revealed no significant differences in the aPDI activities …


Just "Beet" It? A Comparison Of Road Salt Effects On The Life History Of Daphnia Magna, Koby Sellner Dec 2025

Just "Beet" It? A Comparison Of Road Salt Effects On The Life History Of Daphnia Magna, Koby Sellner

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

In areas that experience snow and ice, deicing reagents such as road salts are often used on roads to promote safer driving conditions. However, road salts run off into local vegetation, soil systems, and (my focus) freshwater systems. The impacts of excess salt and chloride in freshwater have been studied extensively on a broad diversity of organisms under different conditions, but previous studies have rarely used different types of road salts. Zooplankton are primary consumers in many freshwater systems, feeding on phytoplankton and serving as prey for predator species higher in the trophic chain. These animals generally are impacted negatively …


The Automation Of Lamp Biomolecular Assays Using The Eppendorf Epmotion™ 5075 Robotic Pipettor, Shamalaa Sathiasealan Dec 2025

The Automation Of Lamp Biomolecular Assays Using The Eppendorf Epmotion™ 5075 Robotic Pipettor, Shamalaa Sathiasealan

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a nucleic acid amplification technique known for its specificity and efficiency in less controlled environments than laboratories. Designing novel LAMP reagents requires strict contamination control, and unlike the more commonly automated polymerase chain reaction, LAMP’s heightened sensitivity poses unique challenges to automation. To address this, we optimized automation procedures for LAMP using a robotic pipettor without altering the core assay itself. This project focuses on minimizing contamination using sealed plates, reducing operator intervention by automating pipetting, and preventing enzyme degradation using cooling plates. Our approach employs pre-slit pierceable seals and cooling blocks to prevent cross-contamination …


Implications Of Noninvasive Blood Pressure Pumps On Mean Arterial Pressure, Sammie Miller Dec 2025

Implications Of Noninvasive Blood Pressure Pumps On Mean Arterial Pressure, Sammie Miller

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

Noninvasive blood pressure pumps are recommended as the primary form of acquiring patient blood pressure to test for blood poisoning. The Philips IntelliVue Patient Monitor MP5, the Philips SureSigns VS4/VS3 Vital Signs Monitor, the Philips EarlyVue VS30 Vital Signs Monitor, the Philips IntelliVue Patent Monitor MP2/X2, the Philips IntelliVue Patent Monitor MMS, and the Philips IntelliVue Patent Monitor MP3/X3 were tested for accuracy. The control condition for hypotension was 95/55 (68) mmHg, normal blood pressure was 120/80 (93) mmHg, and hypertension was 155/85 (108) mmHg. The order of values is arrayed according to diastolic, systolic, and mean arterial pressure. The …


Securing The Future: Strengthening Gun Safety Laws To Protect Our Youth, Clare Lilyestrom Dec 2025

Securing The Future: Strengthening Gun Safety Laws To Protect Our Youth, Clare Lilyestrom

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

This study explores the impact of child access prevention (CAP) laws on firearm-related deaths in the United States, analyzing the relationship between CAP laws and the corresponding firearm death rates by state. To evaluate the strength of each state’s CAP laws, each state was given a number from 0 (no law) to 3 (strongest protection). Firearm death rates were recorded as “n per 100,000” population. We performed a linear regression analysis that found a significant association between the strongest and moderate CAP laws and firearm deaths (strong = 3) -β = -14.0, p < .01; (moderate = 2) -( β = -7.4, p < .001) respectively. There was no significant difference between states with minimal protections (weak = 1) and those without CAP laws (none = 0). These results highlight that simply having a CAP law is insufficient; the strength of the law is a critical factor. This is further supported by the model, which showed that 43% of the variation in firearm deaths was directly linked to the strength of CAP laws. However, challenges such as gaps in enforcement, public awareness, and inconsistent legislation remain barriers. This paper proposes three key policy actions: (1) standardizing CAP laws nationwide, (2) requiring mandatory safe storage education for all firearm owners, and (3) expanding federal background checks to address purchase loopholes. Strengthening these areas would be a huge step toward reducing gun violence in the United States, particularly among youth.


Effects Of Alcohol Exposure On Recognition Memory And Marble-Burying Tasks In Male And Female Aged Mice, Roma Kamat, Tori Burke Dec 2025

Effects Of Alcohol Exposure On Recognition Memory And Marble-Burying Tasks In Male And Female Aged Mice, Roma Kamat, Tori Burke

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

Alcohol consumption in aging humans is a risk factor for cognitive impairment. This experiment assessed the effects of binge-like alcohol drinking in aged mice on memory (using the object recognition memory [ORM] task) and on anxiety-and compulsive-like behavior (using the marble-burying task). Subjects were 8 female and 10 male mice, 14–15 months old, selectively bred for low alcohol preference (LAP). Mice consumed either tap water or a 20% alcohol (v/v) solution in tap water through a drinking in the dark (DID) procedure for 4 consecutive days per week, for 3 consecutive weeks. One and 11 days after DID, mice completed …


From Test Tracks To Carbon Tracks: Evaluating The Carbon Emissions Of Autonomous Vehicle Development, Sarah Deniz Dec 2025

From Test Tracks To Carbon Tracks: Evaluating The Carbon Emissions Of Autonomous Vehicle Development, Sarah Deniz

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

Autonomous vehicle (AV) development has seen a sharp increase in the past 10 years, and there is a significant energy cost of training AVs to meet safety regulations. The training process includes virtual simulation training as well as physical training on public roads and within private testing facilities. The high energy expenditure associated with AV training has a respective environmental cost that can be quantified as a lifetime “carbon debt” of released carbon emissions. The environmental sustainability of AVs has not been thoroughly studied in currently available literature, and this paper showcases a model that quantifies the total “carbon debt” …


Editorial, Justin Race Dec 2025

Editorial, Justin Race

The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research

No abstract provided.


Function Over Form: Why Wipo's Procedural Treaties Are Not Enough, Cassidy Serger Dec 2025

Function Over Form: Why Wipo's Procedural Treaties Are Not Enough, Cassidy Serger

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.


Indigenous Law Is Real Law: Ending Erasure Through Legal Reform And Recognition, Callie Mobley Dec 2025

Indigenous Law Is Real Law: Ending Erasure Through Legal Reform And Recognition, Callie Mobley

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.


Twilight Of Deference? Kisor, Chevron, And The Fate Of Deference To The Commentary Of The United States Sentencing Guidelines, Hannah May Dec 2025

Twilight Of Deference? Kisor, Chevron, And The Fate Of Deference To The Commentary Of The United States Sentencing Guidelines, Hannah May

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.


A Bottom-Up Approach To Ai Facial Recognition Technology Wrongful Arrests And Subsequent 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Actions, Marty Ishmael Dec 2025

A Bottom-Up Approach To Ai Facial Recognition Technology Wrongful Arrests And Subsequent 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Actions, Marty Ishmael

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.


The Due Process And Policy Implications Of The Laken Riley Act, Abigail Adu Dec 2025

The Due Process And Policy Implications Of The Laken Riley Act, Abigail Adu

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.


Enabling Unpredictability And The Perils Of Judicial Science And Math In Ohio V. Epa, Neil Taylor, Bradford Mank Dec 2025

Enabling Unpredictability And The Perils Of Judicial Science And Math In Ohio V. Epa, Neil Taylor, Bradford Mank

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.


Corner Post, Caremark, And The Rule Of Law: When Corporate Fiduciaries Should Reject Corner Post's Invitation To Sue, Kate Jackson, Bridget Dooling Dec 2025

Corner Post, Caremark, And The Rule Of Law: When Corporate Fiduciaries Should Reject Corner Post's Invitation To Sue, Kate Jackson, Bridget Dooling

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.


Regulatory Uncertainty And The New Administrative Law, Lisa Heinzerling Dec 2025

Regulatory Uncertainty And The New Administrative Law, Lisa Heinzerling

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.


Dysregulation, John Applegate Dec 2025

Dysregulation, John Applegate

University of Cincinnati Law Review

No abstract provided.


The Tax Adviser, Volume 5, Number 9, September 1974, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants Dec 2025

The Tax Adviser, Volume 5, Number 9, September 1974, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants

Tax Adviser

No abstract provided.


Author Index, 12 Months Ended August 1974, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants Dec 2025

Author Index, 12 Months Ended August 1974, American Institute Of Certified Public Accountants

Tax Adviser

No abstract provided.


Tax Trends, E. S. Linett Dec 2025

Tax Trends, E. S. Linett

Tax Adviser

No abstract provided.


Tax Clinic, Mario P. Borini Dec 2025

Tax Clinic, Mario P. Borini

Tax Adviser

No abstract provided.


Professions At Work: Oil And Gas Energy Tax Bill Of 1974, Joel M. Forster Dec 2025

Professions At Work: Oil And Gas Energy Tax Bill Of 1974, Joel M. Forster

Tax Adviser

No abstract provided.


Tourism Encourages Heritage Preservation In The Amana Colonies, Erika Doot Dec 2025

Tourism Encourages Heritage Preservation In The Amana Colonies, Erika Doot

Communal Societies

No abstract provided.


Communal Aspects Of Old Order River Brethren Life, Rod Janzen, Stephen Scott, Hannah Scott Dec 2025

Communal Aspects Of Old Order River Brethren Life, Rod Janzen, Stephen Scott, Hannah Scott

Communal Societies

No abstract provided.


The Bruderhof's "System Of Objects": A Case Study In Material Culture And Christian Praxis, 1920-2001, David J. Howlett Dec 2025

The Bruderhof's "System Of Objects": A Case Study In Material Culture And Christian Praxis, 1920-2001, David J. Howlett

Communal Societies

No abstract provided.


Self-Unfolding As Communitarian Vision: Brook Farm's Challenge To Contemporary Communities, Dan Mckanan Dec 2025

Self-Unfolding As Communitarian Vision: Brook Farm's Challenge To Contemporary Communities, Dan Mckanan

Communal Societies

No abstract provided.


Front Matter Dec 2025

Front Matter

Communal Societies

No abstract provided.


The Society Of Separatists Of Zoar Vs .... ': Zoar And The Courts, Kathleen M. Fernandez Dec 2025

The Society Of Separatists Of Zoar Vs .... ': Zoar And The Courts, Kathleen M. Fernandez

Communal Societies

No abstract provided.


Simon Beuter's Journal As A Primary Source For Zoar History: Illustrated By Passages Dealing With The Passing Of Zoar's Founding Leader, Joseph M. Baumeler, Philip E. Webber Dec 2025

Simon Beuter's Journal As A Primary Source For Zoar History: Illustrated By Passages Dealing With The Passing Of Zoar's Founding Leader, Joseph M. Baumeler, Philip E. Webber

Communal Societies

No abstract provided.


A Visit To Iptingen, John S. Ruch Dec 2025

A Visit To Iptingen, John S. Ruch

Communal Societies

No abstract provided.