Digital Commons Network^™

The Good Friday/Belfast Agreement's Human Rights Promise—Fulfilled Or Unfulfilled?, Martin O'Brien & Maggie Beirne

Fordham International Law Journal

The recent twenty-fifth anniversary of the Good Friday (or Belfast) Agreement provided several opportunities for people in Northern Ireland to come together to reflect and comment on the successes and failures of the 1998 peace agreement. Fordham, by publishing this new collection of articles, further allows an important opportunity to share reflections on the Good Friday/Belfast Agreement, its implementation, and the current state of the peace in Northern Ireland. This Essay will provide a high-level assessment of the extent to which transition of human rights from the margins to the mainstream (as discussed in the 1999 Mageean and O’Brien article) …

Honing The Economic Weapon: Application Of The Prosecutor's "Toolkit" In Sanctions Enforcement, Andrew Adams

Fordham International Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Ai-Bms: Ai Battery Management System For Safe Uas Operations In High Electric And Magnetic Fields And Uncertain Conditions: Wind, Battery Drain, Temperature, And Payload, Tanzim Jim Hassan

Theses and Dissertations

Unmanned aerial systems/vehicles (UAS/UAVs) are increasingly utilized for inspecting high-voltage (HV) transmission (Tx) lines. However, operating in the vicinity of electric (E) and magnetic (H) fields can affect UAV control and battery performance. Pilots unfamiliar with high E/H field environments often struggle to accurately estimate remaining flight time, resulting in either premature mission terminations or crashes due to depleted batteries. To address these challenges, this thesis focuses on developing an intelligent Battery Management System (BMS) for UAVs to ensure safe and reliable surveillance operations under various uncertain conditions, such as wind gusts, temperature variations, E/H fields, battery drain, and payload …

Leading The Church Out Of White Supremacy And Toward Biblical Justice And Reconciliation: A Leadership Approach Using The Arc Model, Keenan Tyler

Doctor of Ministry Projects

Problem

Seventh-day Adventist church members need to be equipped to respond faithfully to injustice in their communities, beginning with an understanding as to how to respond to systemic racism rooted in White Supremacy.

Method

This Doctor of Ministry project implemented an adapted form of Jamar Tisby’s ARC model—Awareness, Relationships, Commitment—contextualized for a Seventh-day Adventist theological and ecclesial setting. The immediate goal was to move beyond raising awareness of racial injustice to equipping congregations to actively resist systemic racism and dismantle the lingering influence of white supremacy in church life and mission. Over six interactive sessions, 18 participants engaged in historical, …

“Digital Integrity”: Defending The Judicial Integrity In The Digital Age, Guy Alon, Doron Menashe, Guy Itzhak Sender

Touro Law Review

Recent revelations have shown that the protection of the Fourth Amendment in the digital age is inadequate. Despite well-known exclusionary rules regarding evidence obtained by illegal search and seizure, current trends in the digital age and the law of evidence resulted in courts that tend to include such evidence, and by doing so, create significant risk of both substantive and procedural errors and hence increase the potential for wrongful convictions. To address the matter and try to empower and modernize the protection given by the Fourth Amendment, this article suggests performing a revolution in the law of evidence in the …

Private Religious Schools And Disability Discrimination, Kevin Timpe

Touro Law Review

In the lead-up to the passing of the Americans with Disabilities Act (“ADA”), religious institutions and organizations lobbied to be exempt. Because they were successful in securing an exemption to most of the ADA’s requirements, religious private schools maintain the legal right to refuse admission to disabled students or to fail to give them various legal protections. After considering the arguments given in its favor, the paper critiques this exemption on moral grounds. It then suggests that these considerations should lead to a reexamination of the legal right such schools have to discriminate against disabled individuals, especially in those cases …

Targeted And Ticketed: Student Ticketing And The Perpetuation Of The School-To- Prison Pipeline, Jasmine Richardson-Rushin, Angelica Jimenez, Gwendolyn Walker, Hannah Benton Eidsath

UC Law Journal of Race and Economic Justice

The National Center for Youth Law (NCYL) is a non-profit organization working to end the harms of the juvenile, municipal and criminal legal systems, including by decriminalizing normal adolescent behavior, ending financial consequences, and improving children’s access to adequate developmentally appropriate treatment. Our work prioritizes eradicating the school-to-prison pipeline, and abolishing harmful fines, fees and economic sanctions through the Debt Free Justice Campaign (DFJ).

In school districts across the nation, students receive fees and fines as consequences for school-based behavior. Students are policed and ticketed for age-appropriate behaviors and disciplinary matters such as littering, truancy, and underage drinking and smoking. …

Derailing Deportation Through State Legislation, Stacy Caplow

University of San Francisco Law Review

No abstract provided.

Fractured Trust: Montana's Tribes Find Hope During The Chaotic First 100 Days Of Trump's Second Term, 2025, University Of Montana--Missoula. School Of Journalism. Native News Honors Project

Native News Honors Project, 1992-2026

An annual publication that is reported, photographed, edited, and designed by students in the University of Montana’s School of Journalism.

Funding Trends In Higher Education That Have Significant Impact On Accountability, William R. Stripling

Teacher Education Faculty Publications

For many years, higher education has come under fire for its lack of accountability. During this period, there has been increasing scrutiny over how universities allocate and spend their budgets. While state and federal funding sources have dwindled, the cost of operating a university has continued to rise. Politicians have publicly pressured universities to avoid raising tuition, yet this has led to public outcry over the return on investment of obtaining a higher education degree. Many parents have also expressed outrage over the rising costs and lack of accessibility. The reduction in financial resources has left many universities with limited …

Emergency Action Plan Adoption Across Athletic Training Practice Settings, Samantha E. Scarneo-Miller, Rebecca L. Stearns, Christianne M. Eason, Alicia M. Pike Lacy, Rebecca M. Lopez, Zachary K. Winkelmann, Rebecca M. Hirschhorn, Susan W. Yeargin

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Context:

The 2024 NATA Position Statement provides updated recommendations for EAP adoption. Past research on the 2002 statement showed limited adoption by ATs. Assessing current adoption across practice settings offers a clearer picture of the EAP implementation landscape.

Objectives:

To examine ATs' adoption of new EAP best-practice recommendations across practice settings.

Design:

Cross-Sectional study.

Setting:

Online questionnaire.

Patients or Other Participants:

Clinically active ATs (n=614) working in any practice setting (Youth, Secondary School, Division 1 Power 4, Collegiate athletics – Not Power 4, Non-Major Professional Sports, Professional Sports, Non-Sideline).

Main Outcome Measures:

Prevalence of an EAP, adoption of recommendations, and …

Hazard Impact Assessment Of Brine Spills On Groundwater Pollution In Western North Dakota, Grace Dzifa Agbozo

Theses and Dissertations

The rapid expansion of oil and gas production in North Dakota’s Bakken Formation has heightened environmental concerns, particularly groundwater contamination from brine spills. Brine, a highly saline byproduct of oil extraction, poses a serious threat to water quality due to its chemical composition. This study examines brine spill impacts from 2013 to 2024 across Williams, Mountrail, McKenzie, and Dunn counties using GIS and the DRASTIC model, enhanced with Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Fuzzy Overlay techniques. Essential hydrogeological factors were analyzed to produce vulnerability index maps. Furthermore, spatial autocorrelation (Moran’s I), Optimized Hot Spot Analysis, and Emerging Hot Spot Analysis …

Ground Rules: Giving Meaning And Effect To Key Contested Terms In The California Racial Justice Act, Bazelon, Lara, Redbird, Dr. Beth, Yan, Belle

Santa Clara Law Review

The California Racial Justice Act (RJA), which applies to all pretrial, trial, and post-conviction defendants,

prohibits any state actor from relying upon racial bias to seek or obtain a conviction or sentence against a defendant. In a state where racial disparities in incarceration have been growing for decades, the law, which became retroactive in 2024, has the power to create a sea of change across California criminal institutions. Using the power of state constitutional law and relying upon the principles of comity and federalism, the California Racial Justice Act explicitly rejects the intent-to-discriminate standard set by the U.S. Supreme Court …

Empirical Analysis Of Racial Disparities In Policing, Premkumar, Deepak, Lofstrom, Magnus, Hayes, Joseph, Martin, Brandon, Cremin, Sean

Santa Clara Law Review

Racial disparities within the criminal justice system continue to be a pressing issue, especially after the recent passage of California’s Racial Justice Act, which allows for a broader set of legal challenges based on racially disparate treatment. In this article, we analyze data for almost four million stops by California’s fifteen largest law enforcement agencies in 2019, examining the extent to which people of color experience searches, enforcement, intrusiveness, and use of force differently from white people. Black Californians are more likely to be searched than white Californians, but searches of Black civilians reveal less contraband and evidence. Black people …

Managing Kentucky's Coal Severance Tax Decline: Lessons From Other States, Ryan Reed

MPA/MPP/MPFM Capstone Projects

Governments levy severance taxes on the extraction of natural resources such as coal, oil, and natural gas. This can be a substantial source of revenue for these entities, but overreliance on this has led to what is now known through extensive research as the so-called ‘resource curse’. This has been observed to create political instability, corruption, and repression within resource-rich areas. Additionally, it cripples the ability of the area to pursue future non-resource related economic development after the resource is depleted. A Sovereign Wealth Fund has been touted as one such solution to bridge this gap as an intergenerational wealth …

2025-2026 Risd Course Catalog, Risd Registrar's Office, Risd Archives

RISD Course Catalogs / Announcements

No abstract provided.

The Next Chapter Of Apartheid Is "Gender Apartheid", Naheed A. Farid

University of San Francisco Law Review

No abstract provided.

Caught In The Crosshairs: Predictive Policing And The Use Of Force, Matthew D. Zampa

University of San Francisco Law Review

No abstract provided.

Freedom Of Peaceful Assembly Under Section 2(C) Of The Charter: A Call For Action, Jamie Cameron

All Papers

“A Call for Action” builds on the author’s previous work on s.2(c) for the Rouleau Commission (“Freedom of Assembly and Section 2(c) of the Charter”; available on SSRN and Osgoode Digital Commons). There is no framework of legality under the Charter for the scope and limits of peaceful assembly, and this follow-up paper begins the task of filling that gap. It addresses the relationship between s.2(b) and s.2(c), critiquing the “factual matrix principle” for subsuming issues freedom of assembly into freedom of expression, and explaining that assembly is a distinctive collective entitlement that is spatial and performative in nature. …

What Is The Standard Of Review For (Mixed) Constitutional Questions?, Anthony R. Sangiuliano, Mark Friedman

All Papers

According to the framework for selecting the standard of review in civil appeals developed in Housen v Nikolaisen, questions of mixed fact and law are reviewed on a standard of palpable and overriding error. This framework applies to allegations that a statute is constitutionally invalid. However, in Société des casinos du Québec inc v Association des cadres de la Société des casinos du Québec, the Supreme Court held that when a statute is challenged as unconstitutional before an administrative tribunal, questions of mixed fact and law are subject to a correctness standard on judicial review as an exception to the …

Research News, Grants, 2025, Volume 4, Soumyajit Majumdar

Grants (2015-)

Grants and contracts awarded during October - December 2025.

Infectious Disease Response Preparedness: Survey Of Small To Medium Residential Universities, Tara Hicks

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Objective: To improve the understanding of strategies implemented by institutions of higher education (IHE) during the COVID-19 pandemic, including how those experiences and resulting knowledge influenced staff confidence and preparedness for future infectious disease events.

Participants: Small to medium undergraduate residential IHE in CA, OR, and WA.

Methods: A Qualtrics survey collected data 1/26/25 – 2/24/25.

Results: Over 50% of respondents identified 7 of 9 preparedness needs as a major to critical need of their IHE. Statistically significant associations were found between IHE conducting a review of actions during COVID-19 and both self-confidence (ρ 0.46, p=0.018) and confidence in …

The Criminal System Under Racial Capitalism, Sandeep Singh Dhaliwal

Faculty Publications

In 2021, major segments of the business lobby converged around a consensus for criminal system reform. As the United States experienced historic levels of labor market tightness, business groups argued for removing “barriers” to employment that system-involved people face. Just a few months later, the orientation of business to the criminal system was decidedly more mixed. By March 2022, the U.S. Chamber of Commerce, the country’s most powerful business lobby, had stepped to the forefront of the national moral panic around retail theft, launching a vigorous campaign to defend and even strengthen criminal punishment across the country.

Anchoring its analysis …

Greenwashed Forest Management And Wildfire Resilience, Sarah A. Matsumoto

Colorado Environmental Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Ski Resorts And Rural Energy Resiliency: How Colorado’S Ski Industry Could Help Reduce Energy Vulnerability In Rural Mountain Communities, Jonathan Skule

Colorado Environmental Law Journal

No abstract provided.

Housing Justice Pipeline: Harnessing Housing Clinics To Transform The Right To Counsel Movement, Erica Braudy, Thomas Honan, Tuhfa Begum

Articles & Chapters

No abstract provided.

Integrating Spatial Statistics And Decision Analysis For Wildfire Risk Mapping: A Case Study Of The Kootenai National Forest, Elijah Kordieh Mensah

Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers

Wildfire risk in the western United States has intensified in recent decades due to intersecting forces of climate change, systematic fire suppression, and expanding human settlement in fire-prone regions. This thesis presents a comprehensive spatial assessment of wildfire risk in the Kootenai National Forest (KNF) and its surrounding landscape in northwestern Montana, integrating wildfire likelihood, suppression difficulty, evacuation vulnerability, and building exposure into a unified spatial statistical framework. The research addresses a critical gap in spatial wildfire risk modeling by focusing on the need to assess fire threats in relation to local operational constraints and community vulnerabilities.
Drawing on geospatial …

Tennessee Strategic Highway Safety Plan 2025-2029 Update, Tennessee. Department Of Transportation.

Strategic Highway Safety Plan

No abstract provided.

Climate Adaptation And Bankruptcy: Preparing Utilities For What Is To Come, Hayley Roy

Emory Bankruptcy Developments Journal

Climate change is an existential crisis that has and will continue to impact every aspect of our daily lives. An overlooked component of life in the United States, except in times of crisis, is our energy grid, which will continuously feel the consequences of climate change. Electricity is a basic necessity for most people in the U.S., but it is underprepared for the realities of climate change. Climate adaptation is a necessary step forward that energy utilities must take to ensure the resilience and reliability of electricity. Failure to adequately adapt will lead to dangerous situations as seen in the …

Corrosion Of Pipes In Soil Under Cathodic Protection, Ashley Chow

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This research project focuses on understanding how various soil properties affect the corrosion of buried pipelines that are protected by cathodic protection (CP) systems. Specifically, the study seeks to evaluate key soil characteristics, including resistivity, moisture content, and pH levels to determine their influence on the efficiency of CP systems in mitigating corrosion. Through controlled laboratory experiments, carbon steel specimens were exposed to a range of simulated soil conditions to mimic real-world environments. Corrosion rates were assessed using advanced electrochemical techniques, such as linear polarization resistance (LPR) and Tafel slopes, along with traditional mass loss methods. The primary objectives of …