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Burden, Mortality, And Associated Factors Of Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Ephrem Awulachew, Kuma Diriba, Asrat Anja, Feven Wudneh, Aschalew Gemede

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Pneumocystis pneumonia

has classically been described as a serious complication in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients caused by

Pneumocystis Jirovecii

pneumonia formerly called

Pneumocystis Carinii

Pneumonia (PJP). During the early period of the Acquire Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) epidemic, PJP was recognized as one of the AIDS-defining illnesses for as many as two-thirds of patients in the United States. Despite the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), PJP remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The aim of the present study was to review existing literature on the burden, a mortality rate …

Anaemia Among Adolescents A Community-Based Study Using Cluster Sampling In Villages Under Sarjapur Primary Health Centre, Bangalore Urban District, Avita Rose Johnson, Cency Baburajan, T. Sulekha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

India has the largest adolescent population in the world, the majority of whom reside in rural areas. Anemia is one of the top five causes of morbidity among adolescents.

Objective:

To assess the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among adolescents aged 10–19 years residing in a rural area.

Methods:

Community-based, cross-sectional study in 25 villages and one town under Sarjapur Primary Health Centre (PHC), Bangalore Urban District. Two-staged cluster sampling was done. The interview schedule for sociodemographic details, diet, and physical activity was administered. Nutritional status was estimated by body mass index-for-age. Hemoglobin (Hb) was estimated using …

How Physically Active Are Women In The Third Trimester Of Pregnancy? A Cross-Sectional Study Of Physical Activity In Pregnancy And Its Outcomes Among Women Delivering At A Rural Maternity Hospital In South India, Madonne Ruina Dishani, Avita Rose Johnson, Merlyn Joseph, Manisha James, Preeti Lakra, Naveen Ramesh

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Physical activity influences perinatal outcomes. Moderate-intensity aerobic activity of 150 min/week during pregnancy is recommended.

Objective:

This study aimed at assessing the physical activity levels during pregnancy and determining the factors associated with physical activity among rural women.

Methods:

This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a rural maternity hospital, in a village in Ramanagara district located in the south of Karnataka among pregnant women >29 weeks of gestation and newly delivered mothers availing obstetric services at the hospital. A structured questionnaire with sociodemographic characteristics, pregnancy details, and neonate details was used. International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form was …

The Immunity Boosting Circus, Jessica Philip

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Qualitative, Quantitative, And Antioxidant Analysis Of Phytochemicals Present In, T. Sivapriya, Sheila John

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Many species of cinnamon are grown throughout the world. The bark of cinnamon has been used as a traditional medicine from ancient times. Scientific proof regarding the presence of active compounds responsible for its medicinal property in

Cinnamomum zeylanicum

is much needed.

AIM:

The present study was carried out to evaluate the phytochemical properties and anti-oxidant properties of

C. zeylanicum

bark.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

After preliminary qualitative screening, the aqueous extract of

C. zeylanicum

was quantitatively assessed for total phenol, flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and coumarin. The antioxidant property was evaluated by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay.

RESULTS AND …

Management Of Hemiplegia (, Prajapati Abhay, Mishra Swarnima, Vg Huddar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Globally the incidence of non-communicable diseases is on the rise, drawing attention for its prevention and treatment. Hemiplegia is one amongst them, causing physical and mental instabilities. its prevalence is about 9 cases per 1000 in global population A male patient aged 38 years attending kayachikitsa OPD of AIIA, already diagnosed case of right sided hemiplegia. he took the treatment for 6 weeks. He didn't get satisfactory results so he came at AIIA. In this case there was involvement of kapha dosha along with dominancy of vaata dosha this condition is known as maarga avaranajanya. In this case because the …

Moisture, Carbohydrate, Protein, Fat, Calcium, And Zinc Content In Finger, Foxtail, Pearl, And Proso Millets, Kn Shankaramurthy, Manjunath S. Somannavar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Millets are a group of variable small seeded grass, widely grown around the world as cereals crop. The finger millet had more moisture and calcium content. Whereas, fat content was least when compared to three other different millets. Foxtail millets had more protein content, pearl millets had more zinc and proso millets had more carbohydrate and fat content.

AIM:

To determine the proximate constituent and micronutrient content of finger millet, foxtail millet, pearl millet and proso millet.

OBJECTIVES:

To analyse the moisture, carbohydrate, fat, and protein content of finger millet, foxtail millet, pearl millet, proso millet by standard methods …

Age-Appropriate Feeding Practices Of Mothers And Nutritional Status Of Infants In An Urban Community In Kano State, North West Nigeria, Umma Abdulsalam Ibrahim, Amole Taiwo Gboluwaga, Zubairu Iliyasu, Mahmud Gambo Jahun

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Age-appropriate infant feeding practice, a major determinant of child growth, development, and survival, remains suboptimal in many developing countries.

OBJECTIVES:

This study determined the mother's nutritional knowledge, infant feeding practices, nutritional status of their infant, and factors associated with infant feeding practice in an urban community in Kano State.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A cross-sectional study was conducted in selected communities in Kano Municipal, one of the urban local government areas in Kano State. Using mixed method of data collection, a semi-structured questionnaire was administered to 440 mothers and their infants, and three focus group discussions (FGDs) with ten participants …

A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study About Knowledge, Attitude, And Practices Of Food Safety Measures Among Urban Households, Shilpa Reddy Ganta, Deepti M. Kadeangadi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this study was to assess knowledge, attitude, and practices of food safety measures among urban households of Belagavi using the World Health Organization (WHO) “Five keys for food safety.”

MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY:

A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2017 among 400 women aged above 18 years who were involved in food preparation at urban households in the field practice area of Ashok Nagar, Belagavi, Karnataka, India. Data were collected using pretested and predesigned questionnaire based on the WHO five keys for food safety. Households were selected based on systematic …

Impact Of Refractive Error Correction On Mental And Visual Development In Children With Global Developmental Delay, K. S. Smitha, V. D. Patil, Mahesh D. Kamate, Madhav Prabhu, Umesh Harakuni, O. P. Rakshitha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

PURPOSE:

The purpose of the present study is to evaluate visual acuity and refractive status in children with global developmental delay (GDD) and to study the effect of early correction of refractive errors on vision and developmental quotient (DQ).

METHODS:

In this case series data with pre–post design, 100 consecutive children from 1 to 5 years of age diagnosed with GDD attending the child development clinic and referred to ophthalmology were evaluated for ocular complaints, status of visual acuity, and type of refractive error. Glasses were prescribed on the basis of cycloplegic retinoscopy. Etiological diagnosis and DQ were documented. Follow-up …

Maternal Mental Health And Its Influence On Infant Growth And Development A Systematic Review Of Observational Studies In South And East Asia, Shubhashree Venkatesh, J. Vindhya, Anita Nath

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Maternal mental stress during pregnancy is an important public health concern. There is strong evidence from the Western world to support the presence of a significant association between maternal stress in pregnancy and adverse outcomes in the offspring. There are fewer studies from the South and East regions of Asia. The search was conducted according to the PRISMA criteria. Databases which included NCBI PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were used to search for relevant studies according to the eligibility criteria. Most of the studies have shown a significant relation between stress, depression, and anxiety during various stages of pregnancy with delayed …

Effect Of Follow-Up Home-Based Oromotor Stimulation On Breastfeeding Performance In Preterm Low-Birth-Weight Infants A Randomized Control Trial, Pushkar Topkar, Deepa Metgud, Vishwanath Machakanur

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

In preterm neonates, feeding problems are recognized as a challenging issue. Immaturity of the oromotor system, inability to generate a suck-swallow-breath pattern, and poor motor development are few factors contributing to feeding difficulties. Oromotor stimulation is one of the various techniques used to enhance breastfeeding in infants which is frequently given in hospitals. However, the effect of oromotor stimulation is given as a home-based program has not been studied.

OBJECTIVE:

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of home-based oromotor stimulation on weight, sucking frequency, duration of transition from spoon-feeding to breastfeeding, and Latch breastfeeding assessment …

Excessive Gestational Weight Retention And Weight Gain In Postpartum Perception Of Women, Thilagavathy Ganapathy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

CONTEXT:

Childbearing women are the second victims for significant gestational weight retention and weight gain during reproductive years. There may be unique reasons to weight management in this period.

AIM:

To explore what women perceive as reasons for their excessive gestational weight retention and weight gain in the postpartum period.

METHODS:

By purposive sampling,

n

= 200 low-risk postnatal women less than a year of postpartum were recruited and their perceived reasons for excessive gestational weight retention and weight gain in the postpartum period were assessed.

RESULTS:

Participants perceived lowered physical activity, sedentary lifestyle behavior, lack of knowledge, misconceptions that …

Hyperhomocysteinemia And Vitamin B12 Deficiency As A Risk Factor For Ischemic Stroke A Case–Control Study From Northwestern India, Banshi Lal Kumawat, Chandra Mohan Sharma, Mohit J. Shah, Maulik A. Panchal

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Vitamin B12 (B12) deficiency, by virtue of causing hyperhomocysteinemia (HHC), may be implicated as an acquired risk factor of ischemic stroke (IS), which is also easily modifiable. There is a scarcity of data from India regarding the prevalence of B12 deficiency in IS patients.

OBJECTIVES:

The objective of this study is to explore the relationship between B12 and folate deficiency, HHC, and IS.

DESIGN:

The study was a case–control study.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Eighty cases of IS were compared with equal number of age- and sex-matched controls. Plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) level, serum B12, and folate levels were analyzed …

Extrapyramidal Movement Disorder?/Tourette Syndrome-Plus?, Prasad Mamidi, Kshama Gupta

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Uraga

/

Sarpa

/

Bhujaga grahonmada

(UG) is one among the 18 types of

bhootonmada. Bhootonmada

denotes a category of psychiatric/neuropsychiatric conditions assumed to be caused by affliction of evil spirits (

bhuta

/graha). Till date, no studies have been conducted on UG and it is unexplored. The present study is focused on the better understanding of UG and its clinical applicability. UG is characterized by features of

Krodhanam

(aggressiveness/impulsivity),

Nishwasantam

(hyperventilation/anxiety/phobia),

Bhramantam

(agitation/restlessness/hyperactivity),

Trasyantam

(startle response/hyperekplexia/anxiety/phobia),

Raktaaksha

(red eyes/Kayser–Fleischer rings),

Stabdha drishtim

(prolonged staring/abnormal eye movements),

Jihwa

lolayantam/

Srikkinyau lihaan

(facial tics),

Sarpavat

prasarati/

Adhomukha shaayinam

(athetosis/chorea/motor tics/opisthotonus),

Chalam …

Probiotic Use In The Management Of Hypertension A New Era Of Therapeutic Management, Swapnil Purushottam Borse, Devendra Pratap Singh, Dilawar Upadhyay, Vipin Sharma, Manish A. Nivsarkar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Hypertension (HTN) has become a common chronic medical condition which affects ≥20% of adult population worldwide. HTN is assumed to be a major contributing factor for increasing complication of metabolic syndrome by adding one or more comorbidities such as heart disease, stroke, chronic renal failure, myocardial infarction, blindness, and dementia. HTN is also considered as a lifestyle disorder, and there are mainly two types of HTN, namely primary and secondary. Primary HTN is about 90%–95% of all cases of HTN and it is defined as high blood pressure due to genetic factors and nonspecific lifestyle, while secondary HTN is due …

Global Research Trends Of Literature In Sugar-Sweetened Beverages 2000–2016, Waleed M. Sweileh, Ansam F. Sawalha, Samah W. Al-Jabi, Saed H. Zyoud, Adham S. Abutaha

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) are commonly used. The objective of this study was to analyze the quantity and quality of published literature on SSBs and present the results in a bibliometric format.

METHODOLOGY:

Scopus database was used to retrieve documents from 2000 to 2015. Annual growth of publications, collaborations, geographic distribution, visualization and mapping of collaboration, author analysis, and top-cited articles will be presented and discussed.

RESULTS:

The total number of worldwide publications on SSBs was 3345, published in 27 subject areas. More than half (58.30%) of the SSB publications were within the area of medicine. The number of publications …

The Rising Incidence Of Severe Acute Malnutrition In The Conflict-Affected Parts Of Nigeria, Saurabh Rambiharilal Shrivastava, Prateek Saurabh Shrivastava, Jegadeesh Ramasamy

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

To Evaluate The Effect Of Probiotics On The Prevalence Of Oral Candida Organisms In Denture Wearers An, Deepali Jagadeesh Rane, Ramesh Nayakar, Sheetal Harakuni, Raghunath Patil

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM:

Candida

species are the major human fungal pathogens that cause both mucosal and deep-tissue infections. Fungal infections have been successfully treated by systemic antifungal agents for a very long time. The toxicity of available antifungals and resistance to these drugs are a concern; thus, the use of probiotics has emerged as an alternative therapeutic technique for treating

Candida

infections.

PURPOSE:

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of probiotics on the prevalence of oral

Candida

organisms in denture wearers with different age groups.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Sixty completely edentulous denture wearers were divided into …

Effect Of Uphill, Level, And Downhill Walking On Cardiovascular Parameters Among Young Adults, Samir Adhikari, Parwati P. Patil

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Uphill walking and downhill walking are the different forms of walking which causes cardiovascular changes in the body. By changing the gradient of the treadmill, we can change the severity of exercise by keeping the speed constant.

AIM:

This study aims to evaluate the cardiovascular changes during uphill, level, and downhill walking in young adults.

STUDY DESIGN:

This was an experimental study

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Twenty participants (15 males and 5 females) having normal body mass index were made to walk on the treadmill at different gradients of −15%, 0%, and +15% at a preferential speed for a constant …

Cutaneous Manifestations In Neonates A 1-Year Cross-Sectional Study In A Tertiary Care Hospital, Swathi Shivakumar, B. S. Manjunathswamy, Tanmaya Metgud, Bhavana Doshi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

BACKGROUND:

Skin lesions in neonatal period range from transient self-limiting conditions to serious dermatoses requiring specific therapies. They can cause significant psychological distress to parents. The awareness of the fact that most of these conditions are benign and transient is important so that parents can be reassured. Since studies on neonatal dermatoses are limited, this study has been planned to know the spectrum of cutaneous lesions in neonates, both physiological and pathological.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

All neonates <28 days old, attending KLEs Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital and MRC, Belgaum, were recruited into the study. Newborns admitted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit were excluded from the study. A written informed consent was obtained from the mother. The study design was nonrandomized cross-sectional study. A sample size calculation was done using the Chi-square test. Analysis of data was performed by STATA 11.2. An Ethical Committee clearance was obtained before the start of the study.

RESULTS:

One hundred and four neonates were enrolled in the study, out of which 49 (47%) neonates were male and 55 (53%) were …

Is Patient Modesty Being Honored Or Outraged In Clinical Practice? High Time To Introspect, Syed Esam Mahmood

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Vitamin “C” Levels In Naturally Ripened And Artificially Ripened Mangoes, Jayashree Neelakantha Majagi, Vanishree Basavraj Jabannavar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

INTRODUCTION:

Fruits are very good sources of micronutrients. In the present era, eating fruits is questionable due to hazardous effects of artificial ripener usage on fruits. Ascorbic acid (C

6

H

8

O

6

), a major antioxidant water-soluble vitamin, acts as a reducing agent for many metabolic reactions as a coenzyme. Since it is heat-labile, fruits remain as a prime source as they are eaten uncooked. Mangoes, Banana, and Papaya are the most commonly subjected fruits for artificial ripening. However, artificial ripeners such as ethephon and calcium carbide have antinutritional and hazardous effects on health. This study analyzed the …

Review Of Selected Herbal Phytoconstituents For Potential Melanoma Treatment, Bhaskar Kallappa Kurangi, Sunil Satyappa Jalalpure

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, with a high mortality rate. The current chemotherapies have a relatively low success rate due to the development of multidrug resistance and side effects. Hence, there is need of discovering new compounds that are safe and more effective against melanoma to improve the efficiency and to lower the treatment cost for cancer care. Melanoma chemoprevention with natural herbal phytoconstituents is an emerging strategy to prevent, cure, or treat melanoma. This review summarizes the latest research in melanoma chemoprevention and treatment using the herbal phytoconstituents. Relevant mechanisms involved in the pharmacological …

Influence Of Strength And Proprioception Training On Functional Ankle Stability Among Young Skaters, Priyanka Mudaliar, Snehal Dharmayat

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Stability of the ankle joint during functional activities depends on the presence of intact neural input from proprioceptors in the joint capsules, ligaments, muscles, tendons, and skin. Roller skaters are prone for more ankle injuries due to the nature of the sport. Repetitive falls and sprains lead to deficits that account for decreased performance and increased risk of falls.

Purpose:

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of strength and proprioceptive training on functional ankle stability among young skaters.

Design:

This was a single arm pre- and post-experimental study.

Settings:

The study was conducted at two …

The Effect Of Periodontal Status And Occlusal Support On Masticatory Performance A Cross-Sectional Study, Priyanka Subramanian Iyer, Vinayak Kumbhojkar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

The destruction of periodontal tissue caused by periodontitis affects the sensory function of the periodontal ligament, reduces the mechanical support of teeth, and ultimately results in reduced masticatory performance in natural dentitions. Research on those who have lost a large number of teeth and the effect of periodontal status on masticatory ability remains unknown.

Objective:

The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between the effect of periodontal status and occlusal support on masticatory performance among various age groups.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 240 patients included in the study were divided into three groups according …

Knowledge Of Anganwadi Workers Regarding Different Components Provided By Integrated Child Development Scheme A Cross-Sectional Study, Prithutam Bhattarai, Padmaja R. Walvekar, Ashwini Narasannavar

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Introduction:

Integrated child development service (ICDS) program was launched on October 02, 1975 and is the world's largest and unique program for early childhood care and development. It is working in urban and rural areas through Anganwadi centers. The beneficiaries that come under ICDS are 0–6 year's children, pregnant and lactating women, and adolescent girls. There are six core services provided by ICDS through Anganwadis. It is very essential to assess the knowledge of Anganwadi workers (AWWs) about different components of ICDS.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge status of AWW regarding different ICDS components …

Characteristics And Anesthetic Management Of Patients Presenting For Cleft Surgery, Babatunde B. Osinaike, Stella A. Ogunmuyiwa, Olalere O. Gbolahan, A. A. Odewabi

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Background:

Anesthetic management during surgery for cleft repair can be challenging due to abnormal airway anatomy and preoperative medical conditions. We sought to determine the characteristics, type, and incidence of associated medical problems, airway and other intraoperative complications in patients who presented to our facility for cleft lip and palate repair.

Methodology:

Fifty-six consecutive patients aged 16 years and below who had surgical repair of cleft lip or palate under general anesthesia during the study period were involved in this prospective, observational study. Routine preoperative review and anesthetic management were not altered. Preoperative medical and airway problems, associated congenital anomalies, …

Bibliometric Evaluation Of Published Indian Research On “Knowledge, Attitude, And Practices”, Sandeep Sachdeva, T. R. Sachdev, Ruchi Sachdeva

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Objective:

Evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAPs) based published Indian research on selected parameters.

Methodology:

A bibliometric analysis of Indian KAP research manuscript published in journals indexed in PubMed for the last 2 years and/or published in Indian Journal of Community Medicine (IJCM) and Indian Journal of Public Health (IJPH) for the last 15 years (year 2000–2014) was undertaken under certain criteria.

Results:

PubMed (

n

= 196) revealed maximum KAP research undertaken from the states of Karnataka (16.8%) followed by Delhi (9.6%), Maharashtra (9.1%), and more than two states (11.7%). There was poor reflection with no publication of …

Comparative Evaluation Of The Effect Of Commercially Available Two Different Forms Of Denture Cleansers On Denture Biofilm In Diabetic And Nondiabetic Individuals An, Heena Sharma, Raghunath Patil, Jyoti M. Nagmoti

Indian Journal of Health Sciences and Biomedical Research KLEU

Statement of Problem:

Denture cleansers are known to decrease the microbial counts in denture wearers. In certain medical conditions such as in diabetes, achieving reduction in microbial count and maintaining proper denture hygiene is difficult. Denture cleansers are used as an aid in maintaining denture hygiene in such patients. A number of tablets, pastes, and powders are available for cleaning dentures. Although the comparison of chemical methods and brushing is relatively common, their difference in diabetic denture biofilm and nondiabetic denture biofilm has not been previously described.

Purpose:

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of commercially …