Digital Commons Network^™

Evaluation Of Impact Of Some Epidemiologic Factors On The Bronchiolitis Caused By Respiratory Syncytial Virus (Rsv) In Infants And Young Children Under 5 Years Old In Al- Diwaniyah Province, Rajaa Abd Hamaadi Chaloob, Wissam Salih Abood

Al-Qadisiyah Medical Journal

Background:. The biggest viral cause of bronchiolitis and one of the major agents behind respiratory-tract infections globally is the Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (HRSV). RSV is transmitted through airborne droplets or close contact with contaminated objects. Objective: The purpose of this research is to detect major risk factors associated with susceptibility to and severity of bronchiolitis in infants and young children under the age of five caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).  study design to detect antibodies Immunoglobulin M (IgM) for human RSV in serum samples by using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits as a diagnostic test Methods: This …

Relationships Between Larval Fish Drift, Time Of Day And Discharge In An Ozark Stream, Daniel D. Magoulick, Christy L. Graham

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

We examined the relationship between larval fish numbers and discharge during a high flow event in Bear Creek, Arkansas, a small Ozark stream. Additionally, we examined the relationship between fish numbers and time of day, and the spatial distribution of families and size classes. A total of 3,083 fish from five families were collected. Leuciscidae was the dominant family collected, followed by Percidae, and Catostomidae. Larval fish in Bear Creek were not susceptible to increased discharge from the flood event, as all three families exhibited strong significant negative relationships to discharge at night when discharge began to decline. Larval fish …

Sustainable Development In The Islamic Economy Between Theoretical Foundations And Practical Application, Dr. Ahmed Abbas Abdalhussein

Muthanna Journal of Administrative and Economics Sciences

This research aims to examine the implications of the Islamic vision of sustainable development and to identify the way Islamic law has addressed its environmental, economic, and social dimensions. This is achieved by examining evidence from the Prophet’s biography, which includes foundations that align, in some cases, with the goals of sustainable development, while also encompassing more comprehensive foundations for achieving sustainability. This is particularly true given that these foundations and principles are consistent with Islamic societies, as well as defining the responsibilities of the individual, society, and the state within the framework of the exalted status that God Almighty …

Qs11 Reduces Kidney Damage In Renal Ischemia– Reperfusionn Injury Through Wnt Β Catenin Pathway Activation In Male Rats, Najah R.Hadi, Hyader Mohammed

Muthanna Medical Journal

Background: Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) constitutes a significant adverse consequence that may occur subsequent to renal transplantation, surgical interventions on the kidneys, or various pathological conditions that impair the perfusion to renal tissues. This pathological state engenders considerable injury to kidney parenchyma, which is mediated by the reparative processes. A comprehensive comprehension of transient ischemia and an investigation into the underlying mechanisms of RIRI, including oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and cellular apoptosis pathways, are imperative for the advancement of efficacious therapeutic strategies. In this study, the efficacy of a specific Wnt activator, QS11, which facilitates the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin …

An Advanced Multi-Branch Recurrent Deep Learning Model For Predicting The Antibacterial Capacity Of Nanoparticles With Shap-Based Explainability, Shaimaa M.S. Zainulabdeen, Najee B. Haifaa, Iman Ali Atiyah

Muthanna Medical Journal

The antibacterial properties of nanoparticles play a crucial role in industries such as textiles, water disinfection, pharmaceuticals, and food packaging. Given the rising concerns over antibiotic resistance, metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as a promising alternative. While machine learning techniques in nano informatics have shown encouraging results in predicting the antibacterial efficacy of nanoparticles, the application of deep learning methods in this domain remains limited. This study introduces a novel predictive model based on a multi-branch recurrent neural network, incorporating three types of recurrent cells: LSTM, BiLSTM, and GRU, to estimate the antibacterial effectiveness of nanoparticles. The proposed model …

Incidental Multiple Colonic Lipomas In A Patient With Adenocarcinoma Of The Right Colon: Case Report, Azza N. Al Jaleeli, Mohammed N. Hilmi, Mohammed Alkurtas, Shaymaa Khalid Abdulqader

Muthanna Medical Journal

Colonic lipomas are benign tumors composed of mature adipocytes. Colonic lipomas most commonly involve the right colon near the ileocecal valve and are multiple only in 10-20% of cases. To our knowledge, our case report is the first to describe numerous colonic submucosal lipomas in patients with intestinal obstruction and right-sided colonic carcinoma.

Microbial Infections And Psychological Disorders Resulting From Drug Abuse: Review, Zainab Sahib A. Quraish, Noora A. Hassan

Muthanna Medical Journal

Drug abuse fact still continue one of the prevalent global issue today and one of the primary reasons of precocious death. Additionally, people also may be infected with one or more infections, disserve human capabilities and prevent dissemination opportunities for growth and economic prosperity. This is an extremely dangerous matter, causing a deterioration in the security and economic situation and a decline in the standard of living of families. This necessitates rapid intervention by the competent authorities to curb and eradicate this phenomenon. Economic and health consequences. The aim is to encouraged to study relationships between drug abuse and increased …

Molecular Detection Of Listeria Species From Diarrheic Human In Iraq, Sabah Adel Mahmood, Nagham Mohammed Al-Gburi

Muthanna Medical Journal

Background: Diarrhea is a serious global public health issue, especially in developing nations. The two categories most susceptible to infection are the elderly and children. L. monocytogenes is recognized as a causal agent of diarrhoea among the several bacterial pathogens linked to gastrointestinal illnesses. The current work was designed to investigate Listeria spp in diarrheal human stool samples in Baghdad City, Iraq.

Methods: One hundred stool samples from diarrheal patients were collected from private clinics in rural and urban areas. Listeria spp was identified by conventional culture methods using selective media, biochemical and CAMP tests, the Vitek 2compact system, and …

Thermal And Photonic Stress Effects On Pharmaceutical Medications: A Medical Physics Evaluation Using In-Vivo Models, Ammar Alhasan

Muthanna Medical Journal

Pharmaceutical stability is critical to ensuring medications efficacy and patient safety, particularly in prehospital environments where medication are exposed to extremely environmental conditions. This study evaluates the influence of temperature and light on medication permanency, focusing on medications that are frequently used in Advanced Life Support (ALS) settings, and inspects the medical physics belongings of degraded on liver and kidney functions as well as hematological considerations. Guidelines from the U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP) and Food and Drug administration (FDA) emphasize the significance of controlled storage conditions, nevertheless prehospital environments often exceed recommended temperature ranges (15–30°C). In vivo studies that compared fresh …

Viral Etiologies Of Urinary Tract Infections: A Comprehensive Review, Husam Hussein Lazim

Muthanna Medical Journal

While urinary tract infections (UTIs) are predominantly caused by bacteria, this review highlights the significant and often overlooked role of viruses as etiological agents, particularly in immunocompromised populations. Viruses such as BK polyomavirus, adenovirus, cytomegalovirus (CMV), and herpes simplex virus (HSV) can directly infect the urothelium, causing conditions like hemorrhagic cystitis, dysuria, and sterile pyuria that closely mimic bacterial UTIs. Other viruses, including JC polyomavirus, varicella-zoster virus (VZV), and SARS-CoV-2, are associated with urinary tract dysfunction through different mechanisms, such as asymptomatic viruria, neurogenic pathways, or post-viral inflammation. In contrast, systemic viruses like filoviruses and hantaviruses cause acute kidney injury …

Prevalence And Etiological Bacterial Nosocomial Infections In Pediatric Patients In Al-Diwaniyah Hospitals, Shaimaa Shakir Jawad, Yahya Falih Mohamed

Muthanna Medical Journal

Background: Nosocomial infection is one significant factor influencing a patient's outcome. Patient safety is at risk since they are the most frequent adverse occurrences in healthcare. They have a major impact on patients, their families, and healthcare systems regarding mortality, morbidity, and economic hardship. Aims: Screening the prevalence and etiological bacteria of nosocomial infections in pediatric patients in Al-Diwaniyah hospitals, Iraq. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, a total of 105 different clinical samples were collected from hospitalized pediatric patients in Al-Diwaniyah hospitals who aged from 10 days till the age of 14 years old during August 2025 to December …

Purified Β-Glucan From Enterococcus Faecium As Antibacterial And Antibiofilm Agent Against Mdr Gram-Positive Wound Infections Causative Bacteria, Entissar Hussain Abdulhameed, Jehan Abdul Sattar Salman

Muthanna Medical Journal

Background: The investigation focused on MDR- gram positive isolated from wounds infections and assessed their ability for biofilm formation. The effect of purified β- glucan produced from E. faecium on the growth and biofilm of MDR wound isolates was studied. Methods: One hundred and thirty-five samples were collected from hospitals in Baghdad, Iraq, resulting in the isolation of nine isolates of Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp., which were grown, examined microscopically, biochemically, and identified by Vitek2. Their susceptibility to ten antibiotics were evaluated, and their capacity to produce biofilms were examined. The antibiofilm impact of pure β-glucan was evaluated after …

Prevalence Of Tobacco Use And Awareness Of Its Effects Among First Grade Of University Students, Yaseen T. Srhan

Muthanna Medical Journal

Background: Tobacco is a leading cause of preventable mortality and morbidity. College students are at high risk of smoking as they are prone to higher availability of cigarettes and stress. Although medical students are aware about the health hazards of tobacco smoking, they, as well as physicians, smoke. Consumption of tobacco and tobacco products, by smoking in particular, is considered to impose a net social cost to society. Smoking and tobacco use are increasingly considered to have acquired the dimensions of an epidemic. Aim: The study estimates the prevalence of smoking and assesses socio-demographic correlates of smoking and characteristics of …

Comparative Study Of Combined Darn And Mesh Vs Mesh-Only Repair In The Management Of Primary Adult Male Inguinal Hernia, Samer Makki Mohamed Al Hakkak

Muthanna Medical Journal

Background: The research was conducted to compare the efficacy and postoperative outcomes of combined mesh and darn (CMD) repair versus mesh alone (MA) repair in adult patients with inguinal hernia, with a focus on recurrence rates and the occurrence of postoperative complications. In the realm of general surgical practice, open surgery remains a viable treatment option for primary inguinal hernia, alongside the availability of laparoscopic procedures. Materials and Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted of 404 adult patients with primary inguinal hernias undergoing surgery in selected hospitals between February 2020 and January 2023. Comparative parameters were length of …

Navigating The Role Of Ai In Research In The Global South: A Collective Autoethnography From Researchers In The Philippines, Iraq, And Malaysia, Louie Giray, Ahmed Alkhaqani, Nurliana Kamaruddin

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

This paper investigates the transformative impact and ethical dilemmas of integrating artificial intelligence into the workflows of researchers from the Global South, specifically the Philippines, Iraq, and Malaysia. Through collective autoethnography, the authors analyze how AI tools function as both equalizers and disruptors in resource-constrained academic environments. The findings reveal that AI significantly enhances productivity by dismantling language barriers for non-native English speakers, streamlining literature searches, and democratizing access to global scholarship. However, these benefits are accompanied by profound challenges, including the risk of over-reliance, the proliferation of AI hallucinations, and the potential erosion of critical thinking skills. The authors …

Lost In Ambiguity: Ai And The Limits Of Processing Turkish Morphology, Engin Evrim Önem

Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

Despite rapid progress in natural language processing, artificial intelligence (AI) systems continue to struggle with languages characterized by high morphological complexity, such as Turkish. A central difficulty lies in their limited ability to resolve ambiguity, which is deeply embedded in Turkish through features like flexible word order, extensive case marking, and agglutinative structures. Current AI models, primarily shaped by exposure to massive corpora of performance data, excel at detecting surface-level statistical regularities but fall short of grasping the grammatical principles and semantic nuances that underpin genuine linguistic competence. This reliance on performance over competence makes disambiguation especially problematic, as the …

Environmental Science And Sustainable Development: Behavioral Transformation To Knowledge System Integration For Sustainability Action, Ahyahudin Sodri, Herdis Herdiansyah

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

Sustainability issues are now a global concern. However, knowing the root causes of problems and the target is not the only factor that constantly motivates change for the better (Wamsle & Osberg, 2022) as such change also requires encouragement from actors, including individuals, organizations, and communities. Therefore, the human aspect is crucial for the successful achievement of sustainability (Hariram et al., 2023). In other words, questions on sustainability are not just about "what should be done?" and also on “how to get people to do it?” and “why are currently available interventions not yet fully utilized?” …

Front Matter

The Writing Center Journal

Front matter for The Writing Center Journal 43:3 (2025).

“Dear Colleague”: Upholding Multilingual Voices And Pedagogies In Writing Centers Against Flattening Forces, Melanie Mcnulty, Amina Selimaj

The Writing Center Journal

Drawing on the dual perspectives of a writing center administrator and a tutor, this paper explores how political symbolism—such as the Department of Education’s 2025 “Dear Colleague” letter—technological homogenization, and institutional consolidation are contributing to a resurgence of standard language ideology and attempting to erode linguistic diversity. We argue that writing center administrators and tutors must confront their own biases, reflect on their positionality, and adopt pedagogies that prioritize inclusion and agency over assimilation; and must refuse these pressures that seek to judge diversity as deficit and flatten difference into sameness.

Native-Speakerism And Multilingual Student Anxiety In One-To-One Mentoring, Grace Lee-Amuzie

The Writing Center Journal

While one-to- one writing tutoring is often viewed as a supportive space for student writers, it can also reproduce racialized linguistic hierarchies that exacerbate anxiety for multilingual students. This article examines second language (L2) anxiety as a structurally induced emotional response to native-speakerism— the ideology that privileges white, Anglophone, native English speakers as the standard for language competence. Drawing from L2 anxiety research in applied linguistics and writing center studies, the article explores how native-speakerism influences multilingual students’ self-perception, interaction, and performance in L2 during one-to- one tutoring. It discusses the sources and dimensions of L2 anxiety across all four …

The Myth Of Revising By Ear: Does It Help Multilingual Writers?, Soo Hyon Kim

The Writing Center Journal

This study examines what multilingual writers notice while they read their writing aloud, and whether reading aloud helps improve the accuracy of their writing during revision. It also investigates whether multilingual writers’ second language (L2) proficiency influences the extent to which reading aloud impacts revision. To address these questions, a counterbalanced, mixed design study was carried out with two experimental conditions: revising while reading aloud and revising while reading silently. Multilingual writers of higher and lower English proficiency at a large research university participated in a two-day sequence of composition and revision, two times, over the course of two weeks. …

Engaging Transnational Writing Assets In The Writing Center: New Pedagogical Directions For Supporting International Multilingual Students, Olalekan T. Adepoju

The Writing Center Journal

This article argues for a shift in writing center pedagogy toward prioritizing transnational writing assets as the basis of our work with international multilingual writers specifically and every writer we encounter generally. While writing center scholarship has paid attention to the influences of language, cultural and rhetorical differences among native and non-native English speakers/ tutors in the writing center, much of this discussion has taken the “comparative” route rather than a “trans-d” (transnational) route with potentials to transform our engagements with scholars, students, and writers from other parts of the world. This IRB-approved research reveals that international multilingual writers possess …

Back Matter

The Writing Center Journal

Back Matter for Writing Center Journal 43.3.(2025)

Occupational Resilience (Part 1): Origins And Significance To Health And Well-Being, Bernard A. Muriithi, Jyothi Gupta

Occupational Therapy Faculty Scholarship

Occupational resilience (OR) is a novel concept emerging in occupational therapy and occupational science, with significant implications for the field. However, its definition is still evolving and needs clarity and consensus. In this article, we offer a definition inspired by the real-life experiences of refugee immigrants who have been resettled in the United States of America (USA). We define OR as the ability to persist in an occupation, where the duration and intensity of engagement are the essential contributors. Therefore, we propose that three elements, occupation, intensity, and duration, constitute the nature of OR and shape how occupation impacts health, …

Occupational Resilience (Part 2): Toward A Cross-Culturally Relevant Measure Of A Novel Construct, Bernard A. Muriithi, Milan Bimali

Occupational Therapy Faculty Scholarship

Occupational resilience (OR) refers to an individual’s ability to persist in performing an occupation, with the duration and intensity of engagement determining resilience for each occupation. It is a key determinant of both the manner and the extent to which occupations influence health; therefore, it is a promising construct with several potential applications. There are currently no validated OR measures; which problematizes its application. Three considerations were made in designing the Occupational Resilience Measure (ORM 1.0) and evaluating its potential as a cross-culturally relevant measure of OR: 1) the findings of a published study of lived experiences of refugees from …

From Fashion To Electronics: Analyzing Shopee Indonesia Email Marketing Content Across Different Product Categories, Tri Anita Rahayu, Irmawan Rahyadi, La Mani La Mani

ASEAN Marketing Journal

This study explores the email marketing content employed by Shopee Indonesia across various product categories, including fashion, health & beauty, electronics, digital products, and home & living. By analyzing the variations in themes, messaging, and promotional tactics, the research aims to understand how Shopee Indonesia customizes its email content to optimize engagement and conversion rates across these diverse categories. The findings reveal that Shopee Indonesia employs distinct content strategies tailored to the specific characteristics and consumer preferences associated with each category, highlighting the platform's strategic approach to targeted marketing.

Urban Transportation And Marketing Efficiency Among Tomato Marketers In Oyo State, Nigeria, Chuks O. Idiaye, Isaac Busayo Oluwatayo, Nafisat O. Tijani

ASEAN Marketing Journal

The study examined the effect of urban transportation on tomato marketing efficiency using major markets in Ibadan metropolis in south-west Nigeria as case study. The data used were collected from a total of 170 tomato marketers using a structured questionnaire. The locations of the markets included Ibarapa Central, Ibarapa East, Ibarapa North, Ido, Lagelu, and Akinyele. Descriptive statistics, Shepherd’s measure of efficiency and Multinomial regression were used to analyze the data collected. Findings from the study revealed that transportation plays a crucial role in the marketing of tomato in Oyo state, Nigeria and that mini-cabs are the most preferred means …

The Impact Of Social Media Activities On ‘Labubu The Monsters' Brand Awareness And Brand Image, Grace Javiera Sadihin, Patricia Evelyn Angelika, I Ketut Rangga Wardana Putra, Fari Agil Aryaputra, Theodorus Otniel

ASEAN Marketing Journal

This study aims to investigate the impact of social media activities on brand image and brand awareness. A quantitative study was conducted using a validated questionnaire distributed to a sample of 348 respondents of Gen Z, Gen Y, and Gen X who use social media and are familiar with Labubu The Monsters. Multiple regression analysis was performed using SPSS version 27 to test the hypotheses. The results revealed a significant impact of social media activities on brand awareness and brand image. It was found that entertainment, trendiness, and influencers affect brand awareness, while entertainment, EWOM, trendiness, and influencers affect brand …

Perceived Value And Customer Satisfaction In The Nigerian Airlines Businesses, Adeyemi Abdulwasiu Adebayo, Abdulazeez Alhaji Salau, Abdulazeez Alhaji Salau

ASEAN Marketing Journal

Due to the nature of consumers as being price conscious and their attitude in evaluating if the services rendered by service providers can meet their needs and aspirations, airline service providers need to understand the perceived value of their esteemed customers to ensure that the services rendered are satisfying and can ultimately lead to loyalty. This study investigated the influence of customer perceived value proxy with customer experience and service quality in building satisfaction in the Nigerian Airline business. The study employed a quantitative research design through a survey to collect primary data from domestic customers of the chosen airlines. …

The Effect Of Interpersonal Interaction Factors On Buyers Purchase Intention In Tiktok Livestreaming Of Local Fashion Product, Moza Abel Talitha, Ira Irianty

ASEAN Marketing Journal

This study aims to determine the interpersonal interaction factors that influence purchase intentions of local Indonesian fashion products on TikTok live stream shopping, based on the SOR theory. The sample of this research is the audience of TikTok live stream shopping of local Indonesian fashion products, living in Jabodetabek, and aged between 18 to 34 years. There were 295 respondents and data were analyzed using PLS-SEM software. According to this study, Perceived similarity is positively related to Swift guanxi. In addition, Perceived similarity and Perceived responsiveness are positively related to Initial Trust. Swift guanxi and Initial Trust are positively related …