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Artificial Intelligence-Powered Robotic Technology For Transforming Palliative Care, Adebo Thomas, Asiku Denis, Wamusi Robert, Simon Peter Kabiito, Zaward Morish, Aziku Samuel, Malik Sallam, Ioannis Adamopoulos

Mesopotamian Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare

Palliative care seeks to improve the quality of life of patients with life-threatening illnesses by addressing their physical, emotional, and psychological needs. However, global challenges such as workforce shortages, limited access to specialized care, and inconsistent care quality demand innovative solutions. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI)-powered robotics offer transformative potential to overcome these barriers and strengthen palliative care delivery. This study explores how AI-driven robotic technologies support palliative care through applications in symptom monitoring, clinical decision-making, emotional companionship, and personalized care planning. It reviews cutting-edge robotic systems, including assistive, companion, diagnostic, nursing, procedural, service, and rehabilitation robots. Enabled by machine …

Advancing Sustainability In Low-Resource Settings: Development And Validation Of A Sustainability Tool For Evidence-Based Interventions And Programs, Chisom Obiezu-Umeh, Divya S Subramaniam, Ucheoma Nwaozuru, Titilola Gbaja-Biamila, Lateef Akeem Blessing, Thembekile Shato, David Oladele, Lisa R Hirschhorn, Enbal Shacham, Hong Xian, Oliver Chukwujekwu Ezechi, Juliet Iwelunmor

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Despite substantial research and growing evidence on effectiveness, the longer-term benefits of proven healthcare interventions and programs have not been fully explored due to challenges sustaining such efforts. Existing sustainability measures developed in high-income countries may not reflect determinants unique to the sustainability of interventions in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including African countries. To address this gap, our study developed a Sustainability Tool to Assess Evidence-Based Interventions and Programs (STEPS), which provides a theory-based measure that can be used to assess multilevel determinants of sustainability from the perspective of frontline health workers, service providers, or implementation practitioners.

METHODS: …

Unveiling Sub-Populations In Critical Care Settings: A Real-World Data Approach In Covid-19, Wesley Anderson, Andrew P Michelson, Et Al.

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Disease presentation and progression can vary greatly in heterogeneous diseases, such as COVID-19, with variability in patient outcomes, even within the hospital setting. This variability underscores the need for tailored treatment approaches based on distinct clinical subgroups.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to identify COVID-19 patient subgroups with unique clinical characteristics using real-world data (RWD) from electronic health records (EHRs) to inform individualized treatment plans.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A Factor Analysis of Mixed Data (FAMD)-based agglomerative hierarchical clustering approach was employed to analyze the real-world data, enabling the identification of distinct patient subgroups. Statistical tests evaluated cluster differences, and machine …

Stimulating Training And Access To Hiv Research Experiences (Star Program): A Protocol For A Crowdsourced, Project-Based, Implementation Science Training Program Using Mixed-Methods Design, Juliet Iwelunmor, Idia Thurston, Collins Airhihenbuwa, Weiming Tang, Ucheoma Catherine Nwaozuru, Onyekachukwu Anikamadu, David Oladele, Bryce Takenaka, Khadijah Ameen, Olufunto A Olusanya, Temitope Ojo, Joseph D Tucker

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: HIV is more common among underrepresented minority adolescents and young adults (AYA, 13-24 years old) in the United States. Low uptake of HIV prevention services suggests a missed opportunity for implementing evidence-based interventions such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and sexually transmitted infection testing among this important population. Most research institutions in the United States also have limited opportunities for AYA training, mentorship, and capacity-building activities.

METHODS: The "Stimulating Training and Access to HIV Research Experiences" (STAR) program brings together a highly qualified group of research mentors to achieve three specific aims: (1) identify and recruit underrepresented minority AYA interested …

Developing And Testing Tele-Support Psychotherapy Using Mobile Phones For Depression Among Youth In Kampala District, Uganda: Study Protocol For A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial, Etheldreda Nakimuli-Mpungu, Jeremiah Mutinye Kwesiga, John Mark Bwanika, Davis Musinguzi, Caroline Nakanyike, Jane Iya, Sabrina Bakeera Kitaka, Benedict Akimana, Charlotte Hawkins, Patricia Cavazos, Jean B Nachega, Edward J Mills, Musisi Seggane

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: In the post-COVID-19 era, depressive disorders among youth have risen significantly, creating an urgent need for accessible, cost-effective mental health interventions. This study adapts Group Support Psychotherapy into Tele-Support Psychotherapy (TSP) via mobile phones. It aims to evaluate its feasibility, acceptability, effectiveness, and cost-efficiency in addressing mild to moderate depression among youth in central Uganda.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This study will use a mixed-methods approach, starting with a qualitative phase to adapt Group Support Psychotherapy into Tele-Support Psychotherapy (TSP) via mobile phones. Guided by ecological theories and the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), focus group …

High-Resolution Single-Cell Rna Sequencing Using Canfam4 Reveals Novel Immune Subsets And Checkpoint Programs In Healthy Dogs, Myung-Chul Kim, Taeeun Gu, Hyeewon Seo, Yewon Moon, Nicholas Borcherding, Ryan Kolb, Yubin Kim, Youngmin Yun, Woo-Jin Song, Chung-Young Lee, Hyun Je Kim, Weizhou Zhang

2020-Current year OA Pubs

INTRODUCTION: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables high-resolution profiling of immune heterogeneity. Although previous studies have mapped the single-cell transcriptomic atlases of peripheral leukocytes in healthy dogs, the identification and functional characterization of distinct immune subsets remain incomplete.

METHODS: We constructed a single-cell atlas of peripheral leukocytes from six healthy small-breed dogs using the 10x Genomics platform and the updated canFam4 genome.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Analysis of 30,040 high-quality transcriptomes revealed 51 distinct immune subsets, including

CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, this study represents the first comprehensive, gene-resolved single-cell analysis to reveal immunoregulatory checkpoint mechanisms underlying immune homeostasis in healthy dogs. Our …