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Articles 3841 - 3870 of 73648
Full-Text Articles in Entire DC Network
Interaction Between Casein And Tlr 4 On Neutrophil Surface Based On Molecular Dynamics, Tang Yang, Jiang Fei, Zhang Bo, Wen Li, Xie Yufei
Interaction Between Casein And Tlr 4 On Neutrophil Surface Based On Molecular Dynamics, Tang Yang, Jiang Fei, Zhang Bo, Wen Li, Xie Yufei
Food and Machinery
[Objective] To explore the activation effect of casein (CN) on neutrophils and its interaction with TLR 4 receptors on the neutrophil surface.[Methods] The zebrafish model is adopted to study the activation effect of CN on neutrophil migration,with such methods as 3D model construction,molecular docking,and molecular dynamics simulations employed to study the interaction between TLR 4 receptors and CN subtypes.[Results]] Treatment of 3 dpf zebrafish with 1 mg/mL of CN solution for 2 h can induce neutrophil migration and accumulation inside the body of the zebrafish.All subtypes of CN can form stable complexes with TLR 4.It is speculated that the key …
Research Progress On The Functional Activity And Mechanism Of Action Of Porcine Peptides, Chen Qian, Chen Hong, Ge Yuxi, He Xiaoyu, Fang Zhengfeng
Research Progress On The Functional Activity And Mechanism Of Action Of Porcine Peptides, Chen Qian, Chen Hong, Ge Yuxi, He Xiaoyu, Fang Zhengfeng
Food and Machinery
Porcine tissues and organs are rich in proteins.Bioactive peptides hydrolyzed from porcine tissue and organ proteins have been proven to possess various physiological activities,such as blood pressure reduction,antioxidation,antibacterial effects,and bone growth promotion.Differences in substrates and processing conditions result in variations in the functional activity and molecular size of these peptides.This article focuses on the acquisition of porcine bioactive functional peptides,analyzing their amino acid composition and sequence to elucidate their mechanisms of action.Furthermore,it explores the commonalities among different peptide fragments exhibiting the same functional activity and discusses the application prospects of porcine bioactive peptides.
#Clandestini: How Italy's Center-Right Parliamentary Coalition Frames The Migrant Crisis On Social Media, Jenna Lynn Depasquale
#Clandestini: How Italy's Center-Right Parliamentary Coalition Frames The Migrant Crisis On Social Media, Jenna Lynn Depasquale
Dissertations and Theses
This dissertation examines the intersection of Italian neo-fascism, the Mediterranean migrant crisis, and digital media. Through a qualitative content analysis of the Twitter and Instagram posts made by Italy's center-right parliamentary coalition from 2014-2018, this research outlines frameworks that facilitate both the physical and social deaths of migrants. Twitter is a platform on which bite-sized xenophobic messages characterize migrants as criminals, spoiled youth, spreaders of infectious disease, and future terrorists--sometimes in a contradictory fashion. Instagram is a medium for conveying Italian identity and history, which disregards the longstanding contributions of people of color, including Muslims, in Southern Italy. Comment sections …
Mutation Of Smarca4 Induces Cancer Cell-Intrinsic Defects In The Enhancer Landscape And Resistance To Immunotherapy, Yawen Wang, Ismail M Meraz, Md Qudratullah, Sasikumar Kotagiri, Yanyan Han, Yuanxin Xi, Jing Wang, Kadir C Akdemir, Jack A Roth, Yonathan Lissanu
Mutation Of Smarca4 Induces Cancer Cell-Intrinsic Defects In The Enhancer Landscape And Resistance To Immunotherapy, Yawen Wang, Ismail M Meraz, Md Qudratullah, Sasikumar Kotagiri, Yanyan Han, Yuanxin Xi, Jing Wang, Kadir C Akdemir, Jack A Roth, Yonathan Lissanu
Faculty, Staff and Student Publications
Cancer genomic studies have identified frequent alterations in genes encoding components of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex, including SMARCA4 and ARID1A. Importantly, clinical reports indicate that SMARCA4-mutant lung cancers respond poorly to immunotherapy and have dismal prognosis. In this study, we corroborated the clinical findings by using immune-humanized, syngeneic, and genetically engineered mouse models of lung cancer harboring SMARCA4 deficiency. Specifically, models with SMARCA4 loss showed decreased response to anti-PD-1 immunotherapy associated with significantly reduced infiltration of dendritic cells and CD4+ T cells into the tumor microenvironment. SMARCA4 loss in tumor cells led to profound downregulation of STING1, IL1β, and …
Association Between Health Insurance, Antiretroviral Treatment, And Hiv Preexposure Prophylaxis In Men Aged 20–85 In Virginia, Lauren Elizabeth Maxwell
Association Between Health Insurance, Antiretroviral Treatment, And Hiv Preexposure Prophylaxis In Men Aged 20–85 In Virginia, Lauren Elizabeth Maxwell
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
HIV prevention and treatment disparities persist among men in Virginia, particularly in racial and ethnic minority groups. This study examined how insurance type and demographic factors influence prescriptions for antiretroviral treatment (ART) and preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Addressing these disparities is critical to advancing public health equity and reducing HIV rates. The purpose was to assess whether age, race, ethnicity, region, and insurance type are associated with the type of oral HIV medication prescribed. Guided by the HIV prevention and care cascade frameworks, the study focused on access and adherence. Using a cross-sectional quantitative design, the study analyzed secondary data from …
Social, Microbial, And Immune Factors Linking Bacterial Vaginosis And Infectious Diseases, Nicole M. Gilbert, Luis A. Ramirez Hernandez, Daniela Berman, Sydney Morrill, Pascal Gagneux, Amanda L. Lewis
Social, Microbial, And Immune Factors Linking Bacterial Vaginosis And Infectious Diseases, Nicole M. Gilbert, Luis A. Ramirez Hernandez, Daniela Berman, Sydney Morrill, Pascal Gagneux, Amanda L. Lewis
2020-Current year OA Pubs
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a polymicrobial condition of the vaginal microbiota associated with a variety of sexually transmitted infections, infections of maternal and fetal tissues during pregnancy, and even some infections outside of the reproductive tract, including the urinary tract and mouth. BV has also been associated with conditions in which the body generates prominent inflammatory reactions to microbes, including infections of the cervix and other upper genital tract tissues. For reasons still not understood, BV is a highly recurrent and often difficult-to-treat condition, complicating attempts to prevent these associated infections. An additional layer of complexity arises from the increasing …
Estimated Burden Of Coccidioidomycosis, Samantha L Williams, Andrej Spec, Et Al.
Estimated Burden Of Coccidioidomycosis, Samantha L Williams, Andrej Spec, Et Al.
2020-Current year OA Pubs
IMPORTANCE: Coccidioidomycosis is an underrecognized fungal infection that can cause serious illness and constitutes a considerable public health burden. The number of cases is likely substantially higher than the nationally reported total, as surveillance does not capture patients who do not seek medical care or who are undiagnosed or misdiagnosed. Coccidioidomycosis is not reportable in all states, and cases not reported to public health entities are likewise missed. A systematic estimate of coccidioidomycosis burden is needed to raise awareness and inform public health interventions and policy.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the annual burden of symptomatic coccidioidomycosis in the US.
DESIGN, SETTING, …
Present And Future Of Microbiome-Targeting Therapeutics, Lauren E Lynch, Rachel Lahowetz, Christian Maresso, Austen Terwilliger, Jason Pizzini, Valeria Melendez Hebib, Robert A Britton, Anthony W Maresso, Geoffrey A Preidis
Present And Future Of Microbiome-Targeting Therapeutics, Lauren E Lynch, Rachel Lahowetz, Christian Maresso, Austen Terwilliger, Jason Pizzini, Valeria Melendez Hebib, Robert A Britton, Anthony W Maresso, Geoffrey A Preidis
Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications
A large body of evidence suggests that single- and multiple-strain probiotics and synbiotics could have roles in the management of specific gastrointestinal disorders. However, ongoing concerns regarding the quality and heterogeneity of the clinical data, safety in vulnerable populations, and the lack of regulation of products containing live microbes are barriers to widespread clinical use. Safety and regulatory issues must be addressed and new technologies considered. One alternative future strategy is the use of synthetic bacterial communities, defined as manually assembled consortia of two or more bacteria originally derived from the human gastrointestinal tract. Synthetic bacterial communities can model functional, …
Phenotypes Of Atopic Dermatitis And Development Of Allergic Diseases, Alexandra R Sitarik, Katherine Rivera-Spoljaric, Et Al.
Phenotypes Of Atopic Dermatitis And Development Of Allergic Diseases, Alexandra R Sitarik, Katherine Rivera-Spoljaric, Et Al.
2020-Current year OA Pubs
IMPORTANCE: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory disease in childhood, and children with AD are more likely to develop other allergic diseases, including food allergy, allergic rhinitis, and asthma.
OBJECTIVE: To determine the phenotypes of AD expression across 12 US birth cohorts and identify factors associated with phenotype and development of allergic diseases.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study compiled longitudinal data from 12 observational US birth cohorts across decades (children born from April 1980 to June 2019) in the Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Children's Respiratory and Environmental Workgroup with follow-up to September 2022. …
June 2025: Region 10 Emerging Special Pathogen Treatment Center (Resptc) At Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center & Children’S Hospital, Providence - Special Pathogens Program
June 2025: Region 10 Emerging Special Pathogen Treatment Center (Resptc) At Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center & Children’S Hospital, Providence - Special Pathogens Program
Special Pathogens Newsletters
REGION 10 SPECIAL PATHOGENS NEWSLETTER
World Transit Research June 2025 Newsletter, Institute Of Transport Studies Monash University
World Transit Research June 2025 Newsletter, Institute Of Transport Studies Monash University
World Transit Research Newsletter
No abstract provided.
Perceived Adherence-Related Barriers For Youth Living With Hiv In The Southern United States, Kate Weaver, Sarah J. Miller, Sayward Harrison
Perceived Adherence-Related Barriers For Youth Living With Hiv In The Southern United States, Kate Weaver, Sarah J. Miller, Sayward Harrison
Faculty Publications
Objective: Youth are at high risk for HIV, accounting for 19% of new diagnoses in the United States (US) in 2021. Highly effective HIV treatment is available in the form of antiretroviral therapy (ART), which enables individuals with HIV to achieve viral suppression. However, youth living with HIV (YLHIV) have poorer ART adherence and lower rates of viral suppression than adults. This study aimed to explore the perspectives of YLHIV and their HIV care providers on barriers and facilitators to ART adherence for YLHIV in the southern US. Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with YLHIV (n = 16) …
Why Medicaid Is Addressing Homelessness With Section 1115 Waivers: A Critical Examination Of The United States' Federalist Mental Health System, Joshua Haas
Washington Law Review
Housing and health care are deeply interconnected, and their systemic relationship profoundly affects individual and societal well-being. Inadequate funding has undermined the American mental health system for decades, leading to gaps in care that have caused lasting harm to vulnerable individuals and society as a whole. This Comment examines the historical connections between homelessness and the American mental health system. It explores the benefits and criticisms of the United States’ federalist approach to health care, particularly focusing on Medicaid and its “section 1115 waivers,” which grant states flexibility to develop innovative, state-specific Medicaid programs. Recently, states began to utilize section …
Acquisition Strategy For Innovation Under Competence-Destroying Change: Empirical Study—Pharmaceutical Company's Biotechnology Company Acquisition, Joo Tae Sung
Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access)
In response to declining R&D productivity and successive patent cliffs, pharmaceutical companies are increasingly acquiring biotechnology firms to sustain innovation. These acquisitions often occur under conditions of competence-destroying change, where the acquirer's chemistry-based knowledge base does not overlap with the biotechnology expertise of the target, challenging traditional theories that emphasize absorptive capacity and knowledge similarity.
This study introduces therapeutic knowledge, defined as the acquirer’s expertise in specific disease areas, as a distinct and critical dimension that interacts with both chemistry-based and biotechnology-based knowledge. Using a dataset of 212 observations across therapeutic areas from 80 acquisitions, the analysis uncovers an inverted …
The Epidemiology And Burden Of Injury In Countries Of The Association Of Southeast Asian Nations (Asean), 1990–2021: Findings From The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2021, Stephanie C C Van Der Lube, Lin Siew Chong, Simon I. Hay, Catherine Bisignano, Spencer I. James, Xiaochen Dai, Lay Hoon Goh, Swetha Acharya, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani, Naveed Ahmed, Budi Aji, Joseph Uy Almazan, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Sumadi Lukman Anwar, Muhammad Shahzad Aslam, Atif Amin Baig, Amiel Nazer C. Bermudez, Ahmad Naoras Naoras Bitar, Muthia Cenderadewi, Hana Chen, Nicholas Ws Chew, Bryan Chong, Mayank Dalakoti, Hisham Atan Edinur, Crystal Amiel M. Estrada, Emerito Jose Aquino Faraon, Nelsensius Klau Fauk, Ni Kadek Yuni Fridayani, Fernando Barroga Garcia, Arief Hargono, Eka Mishbahatul Marah Has, Paul Michael Rafa Hernandez, Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail, Vikash Jaiswal, Roland Dominic G. Jamora, Jost B. Jonas, Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi, Inn Kynn Khaing, Yun Jin Kim, Chong-Han Kua, Maria Dyah Kurniasari, Dian Kusuma, Hilton Lam, Shaun Wen Huey Lee, Zheng Feei Ma, Roy Rillera Marzo, Kamarul Imran Musa, Firzan Nainu, Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum, Sok King Ong, Veincent Christian Pepito, Thantrira Porntaveetus, Dimas Ria Angga Pribadi, Sheena Ramazanu, Bedanta Roy, Yoseph Leonardo Samodra, Siddharthan Selvaraj, Shazlin Shaharudin, Robert Sinto, Solikhah Solikhah, Chandrashekhar T. Sreeramareddy, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan, Thitiporn Sukaew, Ingan Ukur Tarigan, Jansje Henny Vera Ticoalu, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Taweewat Wiangkham, Anggi Lukman Wicaksana, Siyan Yi, Mustafa Z. Younis, Christopher J L Murray, Kanyin Liane Ong, Yee Wei Lim, Marie Ng
The Epidemiology And Burden Of Injury In Countries Of The Association Of Southeast Asian Nations (Asean), 1990–2021: Findings From The Global Burden Of Disease Study 2021, Stephanie C C Van Der Lube, Lin Siew Chong, Simon I. Hay, Catherine Bisignano, Spencer I. James, Xiaochen Dai, Lay Hoon Goh, Swetha Acharya, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani, Naveed Ahmed, Budi Aji, Joseph Uy Almazan, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Sumadi Lukman Anwar, Muhammad Shahzad Aslam, Atif Amin Baig, Amiel Nazer C. Bermudez, Ahmad Naoras Naoras Bitar, Muthia Cenderadewi, Hana Chen, Nicholas Ws Chew, Bryan Chong, Mayank Dalakoti, Hisham Atan Edinur, Crystal Amiel M. Estrada, Emerito Jose Aquino Faraon, Nelsensius Klau Fauk, Ni Kadek Yuni Fridayani, Fernando Barroga Garcia, Arief Hargono, Eka Mishbahatul Marah Has, Paul Michael Rafa Hernandez, Nahlah Elkudssiah Ismail, Vikash Jaiswal, Roland Dominic G. Jamora, Jost B. Jonas, Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi, Inn Kynn Khaing, Yun Jin Kim, Chong-Han Kua, Maria Dyah Kurniasari, Dian Kusuma, Hilton Lam, Shaun Wen Huey Lee, Zheng Feei Ma, Roy Rillera Marzo, Kamarul Imran Musa, Firzan Nainu, Dina Nur Anggraini Ningrum, Sok King Ong, Veincent Christian Pepito, Thantrira Porntaveetus, Dimas Ria Angga Pribadi, Sheena Ramazanu, Bedanta Roy, Yoseph Leonardo Samodra, Siddharthan Selvaraj, Shazlin Shaharudin, Robert Sinto, Solikhah Solikhah, Chandrashekhar T. Sreeramareddy, Vetriselvan Subramaniyan, Thitiporn Sukaew, Ingan Ukur Tarigan, Jansje Henny Vera Ticoalu, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Taweewat Wiangkham, Anggi Lukman Wicaksana, Siyan Yi, Mustafa Z. Younis, Christopher J L Murray, Kanyin Liane Ong, Yee Wei Lim, Marie Ng
Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health Publications
Background Injuries are among the top causes of mortality and disability in southeast Asia. Although injury prevention is a key health priority in the Post-2015 Health Development Agenda of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), the focus was placed solely on road injuries. The absence of a broader recognition of injury burden and trends hinders future intervention efforts. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the burden and epidemiological trends of all injuries across ASEAN countries.
Methods In this analysis of the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2021, we estimated incidence, cause-specific …
Impact Of Cessation Of Caffeine Citrate Therapy On Intermittent Hypoxemia Patterns Among Preterm Infants Born Before 34 Weeks, Peter Kipkurui Mashep, Roseline Ochieng, Jesse Coleman, Mary Waiyego, Amy Sarah Ginsburg, Dorothy Chomba, Morris Ogero Ondieki, Grace Irimu, William Macharia, Mark Ansermino
Impact Of Cessation Of Caffeine Citrate Therapy On Intermittent Hypoxemia Patterns Among Preterm Infants Born Before 34 Weeks, Peter Kipkurui Mashep, Roseline Ochieng, Jesse Coleman, Mary Waiyego, Amy Sarah Ginsburg, Dorothy Chomba, Morris Ogero Ondieki, Grace Irimu, William Macharia, Mark Ansermino
Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa
Introduction: Intermittent hypoxemia (IH) is defined as oxygen saturation (SpO2) drop ≥5% from the baseline (set at 90 s preceding the event) to a level less than 90% lasting for ≥5 s. Caffeine citrate, the standard of care for apnea of prematurity, reduces IH events. IH contributes to both short and long-term adverse neurologic outcomes. Standard patient monitors cannot detect IH events due to long averaging times.
Objective: Describe change in patterns of IH events in preterms < 34 weeks before and after cessation of caffeine citrate and factors associated.
Methods: Interrupted time series study design. Data was collected from 1 December 2022 to 30 June 2023. MASIMO RAD-G oximeter was …
Isolation And Enumeration Of Salmonella Enterica From Fresh Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L.) Leaves And Its Susceptibility To Different Washing Protocols, Meinard Talplacido, Angella Melissa Carlos, Bryan Rey Oliveros, Ida Dalmacio
Isolation And Enumeration Of Salmonella Enterica From Fresh Lettuce (Lactuca Sativa L.) Leaves And Its Susceptibility To Different Washing Protocols, Meinard Talplacido, Angella Melissa Carlos, Bryan Rey Oliveros, Ida Dalmacio
The Philippine Agricultural Scientist
Lettuce is one of the most consumed fresh produce items in the country, but it also serves as a vehicle for human pathogens, posing a risk of foodborne illness. This study used conventional microbiological and molecular analyses to obtain the concentration and prevalence of Salmonella enterica in fresh Green Ice and Iceberg lettuce leaves from selected supermarkets in Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. The efficacy of different household washing procedures in reducing S. enterica on lettuce leaves was also investigated. Of the 19 composite Green Ice lettuce and 21 composite Iceberg lettuce samples tested, 5.26% and 4.76%, respectively, were contaminated with …
The "Self" In Crisis: A Study Of Audre Lorde's The Cancer Journals, Golnaz Salehkarimi
The "Self" In Crisis: A Study Of Audre Lorde's The Cancer Journals, Golnaz Salehkarimi
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
In this thesis, I focus on The Cancer Journals and explore how Audre Lorde articulates the chaos followed by breast cancer in her life: what is the nature of the crises? What aspects of her life are largely affected by it? How it unsettles her understanding of time and place, how her daily life, work, relationships, and future plans get affected, and how her self-image and her agency and subjectivity are threatened. Relying on theories of women’s autobiographies, women’s writings, and illness narratives, I explore Lorde’s ways of writing about her body and emotions to regain her sense of self …
Environmental Enrichment Reduces Cue-Induced Reinstatement Of Heroin-Seeking Following Prolonged Use And Reverses Region-Specific Heroin-Induced Neuroadaptations, Apoorva Vashisht
Environmental Enrichment Reduces Cue-Induced Reinstatement Of Heroin-Seeking Following Prolonged Use And Reverses Region-Specific Heroin-Induced Neuroadaptations, Apoorva Vashisht
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Background: Relapse remains the greatest barrier to long-term recovery and the consequential rising overdose-related mortality in heroin use disorder (HUD). Currently available behavioral and pharmacological interventions fail to extend their benefits beyond the duration of the treatment. Additionally, opioid agonist-based medications accompany harmful neurobiological risks and propensity to promote further drug-seeking post-treatment. We have shown that environmental enrichment (EE), as a therapeutic strategy applied after drug intravenous-self administration (IVSA), can effectively facilitate abstinence and reduce reinstatement of drug-seeking in animal models of drug abuse. Moreover, dopamine receptors like D1 and D3, and mu-opioid (MO) receptors are well known for their …
Individual, Social, And Environmental Factors Associated With Patterns Of Parasitic Infection In Capuchin Monkeys (Cebus Imitator), Megan C. Henriquez
Individual, Social, And Environmental Factors Associated With Patterns Of Parasitic Infection In Capuchin Monkeys (Cebus Imitator), Megan C. Henriquez
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Parasites, and the infectious diseases they carry, are thought to have significantly impacted our evolutionary trajectory for millennia. Exploring how parasites are acquired and transmitted by their hosts in wild, natural populations is integral to understanding how similar processes may have shaped host-parasite co-evolutionary relationships over time. However, parasitological studies in humans and in non-human primates have produced inconsistent results, highlighting the dynamic, nuanced, and unique relationships individual parasites have with their hosts. These relationships are largely regulated by variation in factors at host, social, and environmental levels. Characteristics unique to the host (e.g., age and sex), factors pertaining to …
Unpacking The Orders, Leonard J. Santos
Unpacking The Orders, Leonard J. Santos
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
At the end of the first week of his presidency this year in 2025, Donald Trump signed a total of thirty-six executive orders. After only one month, that number had gone up to seventy-six. He is currently on track to sign the highest number of executive orders in his first year in office of any president in the last 50 years, and potentially even the last 100 years if he keeps moving at this rate. In the first 90 days of his term, Donald Trump has signed 159 executive orders, more than any other president in the history of the …
Supplementation With Ready-To-Use Therapeutic Food Has No Effect On Adverse Outcomes Among Undernourished Children Aged 6–59 Months With Severe Pneumonia, Damalie Nalwanga, Elisa Giallongo, Victor Musiime, Sarah Kiguli, Peter Olupot-Olupot, Florence Alaroker, Robert Opoka, Abner Tagoola, Mainga Hamaluba, Christabel Mogaka
Supplementation With Ready-To-Use Therapeutic Food Has No Effect On Adverse Outcomes Among Undernourished Children Aged 6–59 Months With Severe Pneumonia, Damalie Nalwanga, Elisa Giallongo, Victor Musiime, Sarah Kiguli, Peter Olupot-Olupot, Florence Alaroker, Robert Opoka, Abner Tagoola, Mainga Hamaluba, Christabel Mogaka
Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa
Objectives: To investigate the effect of supplementation with ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF) on adverse outcomes among undernourished children aged 6–59 months with severe pneumonia.
Methods: This secondary analysis of the COAST-Nutrition (ISRCTN10829073) included children hospitalized for severe pneumonia in Uganda and Kenya. Undernutrition was defined as having either a weight-for-age z score, height-for-age z score, or weight-for-height/length z score below the median of the WHO reference population (< 0) or mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) below 13.5 cm. Participants were randomized to receive 1 sachet of RUTF daily for 8 weeks in addition to the usual diet (intervention) or usual diet alone (control). The primary composite outcome for adverse events was any one of mortality, re-admission, or deterioration of nutritional status by day 90 of follow-up.
Results: Of 846 main trial participants, 741 (88%) met the inclusion criteria (intervention: 374 versus control: 367). Of 687 (93%) participants in whom the primary outcome was assessed, 370 …
Symposium Introduction: Illuminating Public Health Struggles Behind Bars, Justin Iverson, Javiera Sothers
Symposium Introduction: Illuminating Public Health Struggles Behind Bars, Justin Iverson, Javiera Sothers
Nevada Law Journal
No abstract provided.
Computerized Diagnostic Decision Support Systems-Isabel Pro Versus Chatgpt-4 Part Ii, Joe M Bridges, Xiaoqian Jiang, Michael Ige, Oluwatoniloba Toyobo
Computerized Diagnostic Decision Support Systems-Isabel Pro Versus Chatgpt-4 Part Ii, Joe M Bridges, Xiaoqian Jiang, Michael Ige, Oluwatoniloba Toyobo
Faculty, Staff and Student Publications
Objective: Does a Tree-of-Thought prompt and reconsideration of Isabel Pro's differential improve ChatGPT-4's accuracy; does increasing expert panel size improve ChatGPT-4's accuracy; does ChatGPT-4 produce consistent outputs in sequential requests; what is the frequency of fabricated references?
Materials and methods: Isabel Pro, a computerized diagnostic decision support system, and ChatGPT-4, a large language model. Using 201 cases from the New England Journal of Medicine, each system produced a differential diagnosis ranked by likelihood. Statistics were Mean Reciprocal Rank, Recall at Rank, Average Rank, Number of Correct Diagnoses, and Rank Improvement. For reproducibility, the study compared the initial expert panel run …
Antiviral Prescription In Children With Influenza In Us Emergency Departments: New Vaccine Surveillance Network (Nvsn), 2016-2020., Tess Stopczynski, Justin Z. Amarin, James W. Antoon, Olla Hamdan, Laura S. Stewart, James Chappell, Andrew J. Spieker, Eileen J. Klein, Janet A. Englund, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Peter G. Szilagyi, John V. Williams, Marian G. Michaels, Julie A. Boom, Leila C. Sahni, Mary Allen Staat, Elizabeth P. Schlaudecker, Jennifer E. Schuster, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Christopher J. Harrison, Heidi L. Moline, Ariana P. Toepfer, Angela P. Campbell, Samantha M. Olson, Natasha B. Halasa
Antiviral Prescription In Children With Influenza In Us Emergency Departments: New Vaccine Surveillance Network (Nvsn), 2016-2020., Tess Stopczynski, Justin Z. Amarin, James W. Antoon, Olla Hamdan, Laura S. Stewart, James Chappell, Andrew J. Spieker, Eileen J. Klein, Janet A. Englund, Geoffrey A. Weinberg, Peter G. Szilagyi, John V. Williams, Marian G. Michaels, Julie A. Boom, Leila C. Sahni, Mary Allen Staat, Elizabeth P. Schlaudecker, Jennifer E. Schuster, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Christopher J. Harrison, Heidi L. Moline, Ariana P. Toepfer, Angela P. Campbell, Samantha M. Olson, Natasha B. Halasa
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
BACKGROUND: Influenza contributes to a high burden of pediatric emergency department (ED) visits annually. Guidelines recommend outpatient antiviral treatment for children at higher risk of severe influenza and recommend considering treatment for those who present within 2 days of symptom onset. We describe antiviral prescription in children with influenza presenting to the ED.
METHODS: We analyzed data from the New Vaccine Surveillance Network (2016-2020), including children presenting to the ED and enrolled with confirmed influenza at one of seven pediatric academic centers. We compared characteristics of children prescribed antivirals to those who were not, using generalized estimating equations models to …
Factors Influencing Medical University Students' Emotions And Infection Prevention Behaviors Amid The Spread Of Covid-19: Analysis From A Social Network Perspective, Jian-Jhou Chen, Peih-Ying Lu
Factors Influencing Medical University Students' Emotions And Infection Prevention Behaviors Amid The Spread Of Covid-19: Analysis From A Social Network Perspective, Jian-Jhou Chen, Peih-Ying Lu
Journal of Medical Education
Background: By adopting a social network perspective, we estimated the impact of the extent of information dissemination and exchange on the emotions and behaviors of medical university students during the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods: Students from a medical university in southern Taiwan were selected through stratified sampling. From October 5 to October 11, 2020, a survey was conducted using a self-developed COVID-19 Response Assessment Scale. A total of 1,162 valid responses were collected. Results: Higher frequencies of information acquisition from social networks or news media and information exchange with others in social networks were associated with higher levels of worries regarding …
How Do Health Insurer Practices Affect Health Equity For Gay And Bisexual Men And Transmasculine Individuals? A Qualitative And Health Policy Assessment, Alexa D'Angelo
Dissertations and Theses
In the U.S. there continue to be stark disparities in health that affect LGBTQ+ communities. These disparities include those related to mental health, sexually transmitted infections, along with chronic illnesses and some cancers. Higher health needs across diagnostic categories mean that LGBTQ+ individuals require access to the healthcare system both to prevent conditions disproportionately affecting the community, and to treat conditions as they arise. In the U.S., access to healthcare often requires either reliable insurance coverage or another payer to cover costs associated with care. Thus, health insurance status and coverage of care, along with coverage regulations and health policies …
Stability Insights From Modeling Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Giovani Thai
Stability Insights From Modeling Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia, Giovani Thai
Master's Theses
This thesis centers around a model for chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) as it behaves under imatinib treatment, a common medication for CML patients, and the anti-leukemia immune response. The dynamics are represented with a system of nonlinear delay-differential equations first constructed by Kim et al. in 2008, capturing population changes of T-cells and various CML growth stages. We investigate stability in both the clinical and mathematical sense. Through numerical simulations, we computationally incorporate a supplementary treatment plan to determine its effectiveness in aiding immune response and medication in achieving remission and full elimination. The primary goal is to conduct a …
Representations Of Residential Child Care In The Irish Times Newspaper From 1870 To 2022, Niamh Caldwell
Representations Of Residential Child Care In The Irish Times Newspaper From 1870 To 2022, Niamh Caldwell
Masters
Guided by Social Representations Theory, this study explores how representation of residential childcare in The Irish Times have changed over time. A newspaper was chosen as the data source as mass media is proposed to have power over creating and communicating representations to the public. The representations explored include those of children, the construction of childhood and children’s needs, and the role of other people/parties in the lives of children in care. Grounded in the pragmatic paradigm, quantitative and qualitative content analyses were conducted. Data was collected from ten time periods between 1870 to 2022 from The Irish Times Digital …
Down Syndrome In Africa: Challenges, Opportunities, And Future Directions, Eimear Mcglinchey, Salina Tewolde, Amanda He, Juan Fortea, Lingani Mbakile-Mahlanza, Ayda Tefera, Emmanuel Epenge, Jason Hassenstab, Rachel Maina, Zul Merali
Down Syndrome In Africa: Challenges, Opportunities, And Future Directions, Eimear Mcglinchey, Salina Tewolde, Amanda He, Juan Fortea, Lingani Mbakile-Mahlanza, Ayda Tefera, Emmanuel Epenge, Jason Hassenstab, Rachel Maina, Zul Merali
Brain and Mind Institute
INTRODUCTION: As life expectancy improves for people with Down syndrome (DS) in Africa, the risk of developing DS-associated Alzheimer’s disease (DSAD) will rise. There is a pressing need to plan for this emerging challenge, particularly in the context of existing health and social disparities.
METHODS: This work emerged from a pan-African collaboration, including discussions at the Brain Ageing and Dementia in Low- and Middle-Income Countries conference held in Nairobi in 2024, where stakeholders identified regional priorities for DS and dementia care.
RESULTS: Limited epidemiological, cognitive, biomarker data, delayed diagnoses, and gaps in specialized services may impact access …