Digital Commons Network^™

Congestion Mitigation For Foraging Robot Swarms Using Spiral Path Strategies, Arturo Gonzalez, Qi Lu

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Swarm robotics offers robust and scalable solutions for tasks such as foraging, but congestion near central collection zones remains a critical challenge, especially with increasing swarm sizes. Traditional solutions, such as static path planning or local repulsion-based methods, often fail to prevent interrobot collisions or bottlenecks near the collection zones. This research presents a comparative study of three strategies to mitigate congestion when returning resources to the central collection zone. The research herein focuses on tightly packed environments where, in theory, robots should follow a preplanned spiral, either ad-hoc, square, or circular, with congestion detection as described in the first …

Debating Justice, Tom Rozinski

Open Touro Created

2025

This book introduces students to a modified form of Lincoln-Douglas debate that is suitable for use in college philosophy or political science courses. Students will learn how to make good arguments and identify bad ones. They will learn how to structure the affirmative and negative cases in debate and the specific duties of each speech in the debate. There is also a section on preparing for, conducting, and defending against cross-examination. Students learn about four value systems to use in their debates: utilitarianism, libertarianism, Kantian justice, and Rawlsian justice. The text includes two full debates to illustrate how students …

Judicial Economy In The Age Of Ai, Yonathan Arbel

Articles

Individuals do not vindicate the majority of their legal claims because of access to justice barriers. This entrenched state of affairs is now facing a disruption. Lawyers and non-lawyers alike are adopting artificial intelligence (AI) tools to perform legal tasks-tools that sharply reduce the costs of generating legal materials. There is finally hope that AI might allow many more to access justice.

Paradoxically, what we gain in access to justice we might lose in the delivery of justice. The problem is not that AI tools are ineffective. Indeed, they are even more effective than most realize-affecting every stage of the …

Bachelor Of Science In Professional Management, Nova Southeastern University

Undergraduate Programs Course Catalogs

No abstract provided.

Inclusion Of Patient-Centered, Non-Microbiological Endpoints And Biomarkers In Tuberculosis Drug Trials, Andrew R Dinardo, Wilbert Sabiiti, Stephen H Gillespie, Sophia B Georghiou, Norbert Heinrich, Norbert Hittel, Sami Taghlabi, Danna Carrero Longlax, Mikashmi Kohli, Ursula Panzner, Collins Musia, Christoph Lange, Anca Vasiliu, Rob J W Arts, Anna M Mandalakas, Morten Ruhwald, Lieven J Stuyver, Reinout Van Crevel

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Tuberculosis drug trials are primarily designed to identify antibiotic regimens with the strongest potency to kill Mycobacterium tuberculosis. However, microbiologic cure is not synonymous with improved health and recovery. Beyond antimicrobial efficacy, parameters such as morbidity and mortality related to lung function, cardiovascular health, and cancer should be prioritized. This narrative review emphasizes the critical need to emphasize clinical outcomes as much, if not more, than microbiological endpoints. We examine the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and determinants of non-microbiological outcomes in tuberculosis, providing a synthesis of current knowledge. While there is growing evidence for some biomarkers to risk stratify TB …

Decreasing Food Waste In Home Kitchens By Increasing Food Literacy, Thao Rich

Student Publications

In a world that produces enough food for all of its occupants, a staggering amount of it bypasses empty stomachs and goes into landfills every day. There it sits in a plastic bag, which delays decomposition and increases the harmful greenhouse gas emissions. There are numerous reasons for the inequitable distribution of food ranging from politics to logistics, but the fact is that each person can make a dent in reducing their carbon footprint by simply reducing the amount of food they place in the trash each week. Food waste reduction is a small goal that requires no additional spending, …

‘Antibiotics Are Like Gold’: A Qualitative Study Of Patient Perspectives On The Use Of Antibiotics Without A Prescription, Lindsey A Laytner, Patricia Chen, Barbara Wells Trautner, Susan Nash, Ashley Collazo, Fabrizia Faustinella, Kiara Olmeda, Azalia Mancera, Roger Zoorob, Michael K Paasche-Orlow, Larissa Grigoryan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Using antibiotics without a prescription (non-prescription use) is common in the USA and contributes to antibiotic misuse, potentially harming individuals and threatening public health. At the individual level, safety issues related to non-prescription use include adverse drug reactions and disruption of healthy microbiomes. At the public health level, non-prescription use increases the risk of antimicrobial resistance.

Objectives: This qualitative study explored the reasons and motivations underlying non-prescription use among adult outpatients with varying healthcare coverage and education.

Methods: We used purposive sampling to recruit participants who endorsed using non-prescription antibiotics in a larger quantitative survey. Participants were patients recruited …

Small Molecule Screening Identifies Hsp90 As A Modifier Of Rna Foci In Myotonic Dystrophy Type 1, Sara J Johnson, Hannah L Johnson, Reid T Powell, Clifford Stephan, Fabio Stossi, Thomas A Cooper

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is a multisystemic disorder caused by a CTG triplet repeat expansion within the 3' untranslated region of the DMPK gene. Expression of the expanded allele generates RNA containing long tracts of CUG repeats (CUGexp RNA) that form hairpin structures and accumulate in nuclear RNA foci; however, the factors that control DMPK expression and the formation of CUGexp RNA foci remain largely unknown. We performed an unbiased small molecule screen in an immortalized human DM1 skeletal muscle myoblast cell line and identified HSP90 as a modifier of endogenous RNA foci. Small molecule inhibition of HSP90 leads …

Internal Carotid Artery Sympathetic Plexus Neurofibroma – A Case Report, Pedram Daniel Maleknia, Victor Lara, Ailiang Zeng, Michael Benjamin Larkin, Vijay Nitturi, Diego Rojas, Sean Lau, Elizabeth Ledbetter, Akash J Patel

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Neurofibromas are benign peripheral nerve sheath tumors most associated with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1 ). NF1 is an autosomal dominant disorder resulting from mutations in the NF1 gene located on chromosome 17. While neurofibromas frequently occur in cutaneous or plexiform forms, neurofibromas arising from the sympathetic plexus of the internal carotid artery (ICA) are rare. Only one case of an intracranial sympathetic plexus neurofibroma has been reported in the literature to date. Since most nerve sheath tumors arising from this region are schwannomas, and given the intimate association with the Internal carotid artery (ICA) and surrounding neurovascular structures of …

Improving Interprofessional Neurology Training Using Tele-Education, Fariha Jamal, Amtul Farheen, Christine Rizk

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Neurological disorders are a leading cause of disability and death worldwide. Their burden on the health care system has substantially increased in the past 25 years, due to more effective treatments and longer life expectancies. The Veterans Health Administration has seen increases in neurology referrals and patients with neurologic disorders.

Observations: Collaborative efforts among primary care, geriatrics, neurology, psychiatry, physical medicine and rehabilitation, social work, and other disciplines are needed to properly care for veterans with neurologic disorders. Neurology education is an important tool for clinicians to better care for veterans with neurologic disorders. The use of technology and …

Pregnancy In Dystonia Or Tourette's Patients With Dbs Fourteen News Cases And A Review Of The Literature, Raja Mehanna, Arjun Tarakad, Lisa Yutong Taneff, Erin Furr Stimming

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) has been demonstrated to improve quality of life in patients with refractory dystonia and Tourette's syndrome (TS). Because of the young age at onset of these disorders, and the marked benefit from DBS, pregnancy in patients who have received DBS is becoming a more frequent clinical occurrence, although clear management guidelines are lacking.

Cases: We report 14 new pregnancies in patients with dystonia or TS and DBS.

Literature review: Upon review of the literature, 23 pregnancies in patients with dystonia or TS were previously reported in seven articles.

Conclusion: Based on the available data from …

Laboratory Schools Annual Report, 2024-2025, Laboratory Schools, Illinois State University

Annual Reports – Laboratory Schools

Illinois State University Laboratory Schools annual report

Developing Memory And Understanding Skills For Subject-Specific Knowledge Processing And To Face High-Stakes Exams: A Case Study, Jabbar Al Muzzamil Fareen

Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies

University students possess different levels of language and cognitive abilities in gaining their subject knowledge and face tremendous challenges to get through the exams in distinction. The present education system expects the students to possess excellent subject knowledge and outstanding results in their exams. In light of this context, this paper attempts to address how students are engrossed in learning difficulties while subject knowledge processing and facing their examinations. Qualitative case study approach has been undertaken to analyze the language and cognitive skills of the students in memory processing of their subject knowledge to face the exams. Their language learning …

Overcoming Racial Harms To Democracy From Artificial Intelligence, Spencer A. Overton

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

While the United States is becoming more racially diverse, generative artificial intelligence and related technologies threaten to undermine truly representative democracy. Left unchecked, AI will exacerbate already substantial existing challenges, such as racial polarization, cultural anxiety, antidemocratic attitudes, racial vote dilution, and voter suppression. Synthetic video and audio (“deepfakes”) receive the bulk of popular attention—but are just the tip of the iceberg. Microtargeting of racially tailored disinformation, racial bias in automated election administration, discriminatory voting restrictions, racially targeted cyberattacks, and AI-powered surveillance that chills racial justice claims are just a few examples of how AI is threatening democracy. Unfortunately, existing …

The Ten Commandments In Louisiana Public Schools: A Study In The Survival Of Establishment Clause Norms, Ira C. Lupu, Robert W. Tuttle

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

In June 2024, Louisiana enacted legislation requiring the prominent posting of the Ten Commandments on the wall of every public-school classroom. In Roake v. Brumley, a federal district court decided that the requirement violated the Establishment Clause. Judge DeGravelles’s lengthy opinion followed the Supreme Court’s 1980 decision in Stone v. Graham, which invalidated a highly similar Kentucky law. In late June 2025, in an opinion by Judge Ramirez, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit affirmed the district court in every significant respect. Texas recently enacted similar legislation, now under the cloud of Roake v. Brumley.

In this …

Agency Delay And The Courts, Aram A. Gavoor, Steven A. Platt

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Administrative delay plagues the modern regulatory state, yet scholars and courts lack a coherent framework for analyzing when delay becomes unlawful and how to remedy it. This Article provides the first comprehensive examination of judicial oversight of agency delay, tracing the evolution from common law mandamus through the delay provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act. It reveals critical distinctions between these mechanisms that courts have increasingly elided, leading to doctrinal confusion and ineffective remedies. On account of the second Trump administration’s Department of Government Efficiency initiatives, this topic takes on unprecedented urgency because administration policies to reduce workforce and restructure …

Circuit Capture And The National Court Of Appeals, John P. Collins Jr.

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

We are facing a crisis of confidence in our federal courts. Polarization in the judicial selection process and partisanship in judicial decision-making have yielded a steep decline in the public’s trust of the judicial branch. Much of the blame lies with the Supreme Court, whose repeated ethical scandals and aggressive rightward tilt have renewed calls for major court reform—from court packing to jurisdiction stripping, from term limits to lottery dockets, and much more in between. But the Supreme Court is not the only court in need of reform. The vast majority of cases go no further than the thirteen U.S. …

The Supply Chain Is A Circle: Ai, Privacy, And People, Alicia Solow-Niederman

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Artificial Intelligence (AI) governance underscores the AI “supply chain” and the “many hands” involved in the creation of AI systems. Although invaluable, this production-centered approach risks overlooking what happens when people use AI tools. That’s a mistake, because user interactions determine the real-world impact of AI.

This Essay contends that regulating AI and holding the appropriate actors responsible requires far more attention to what happens after deployment of an AI system. The supply chain is an invaluable start, but it’s not a linear chain. Rather, it is a circle that must incorporate users’ engagement with AI tools as part of …

The Supreme Court Should Overrule Red Lion, Richard J. Pierce Jr

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

In this essay Professor Pierce uses the Jimmy Kimbell incident as the point of entry for his argument that the Supreme Court’s 1969 opinion in Red Lion v. FCC is inconsistent with today’s reality and dangerous. He urges the Court to overrule it.

Mahmoud V. Taylor: Cause Or Effect Of Disruptions In The Public Schools?, Richard Katskee, Ira C. Lupu

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Mahmoud v. Taylor represents an extraordinary departure from long-standing constitutional norms about the rights of parents of children in public schools. In Mahmoud, the Supreme Court upheld a Free Exercise Clause claim by parents in Montgomery County, Maryland, who sought to have their children (grades K–5) excused from readings that contain LGBTQ characters and themes. The majority opinion by Justice Alito rests on a highly controversial reading of Wisconsin v. Yoder.

Part I of the paper provides the doctrinal and historical backdrop to Mahmoud, which reflects the acute tension between a once-narrow understanding of Yoder and the post-Obergefell backlash against …

When The Math Matters: Finding The “Glue” In Class Action Commonality Determinations, Robin L. Juni

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This Article is another offering in the “When the Math Matters” series, seeking to help readers understand use of mathematical and scientific concepts in legal contexts and unpack how to do things better. This Article focuses on the seminal case of Wal- Mart Stores, Inc. v. Dukes, 564 U.S. 338 (2011), describing how the analytical approach to identify whether a class could be certified for purposes of that litigation continues to resonate through recent cases in the federal courts. The Article explains the statistical analysis that lawyers must present to unpack a correlative analysis in similar cases, focusing on adverse …

Money, Money, Money: Universities, Government Funding, And Academic Freedom, Mary-Rose Papandrea

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Since the federal government began its large-scale funding of research at the start of World War II, the United States and American universities have been in a mutually beneficial relationship. The federal government has reaped the benefits of countless scientific, social science, and technological discoveries that have promoted national security and served the general welfare. In return, American universities have developed extraordinary research enterprises that are regarded as among the best in the world.

From the outset of this relationship, however, scientists and university administrators expressed concern that federal funding would interfere with institutional autonomy and academic freedom. President Trump’s …

Sharing The Algorithm: The Tax Solution To Generative Ai, Jeremy Bearer-Friend, Sarah Polcz

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This article argues that tax policy offers a core tool for mitigating the sweeping public policy challenges of generative Artificial Intelligence ("AI"). Specifically, we propose a tax that would allow the public to own a share of AI itself, not just through future income tax liabilities or new excise taxes, but a proposed ownership structure that requires a one-time tax payment by generative AI firms in the form of equity.

Fractional public ownership of AI would directly address four of the key harms of AI that have been well-documented in a deep and still expanding literature. First, many types of …

Prohibiting Threats Of Aggression, Edward T. Swaine

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Recent events, particularly Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, have revived worries about the international regime regulating the use of force. Vastly less attention has been paid to what often precedes such attacks—threats to use force—and the prohibition on them. While the UN Charter and other legal instruments integrate the threats regime with the regime on actual uses of force, the two regimes are increasingly decoupled, in part because only one considers gradations: the use-of-force regime now identifies more serious variants like aggression and crimes of aggression; threats rules, by contrast, do not. This decoupling reflects real differences in the underlying wrongs, …

Procurement For Innovation: Lessons From The Us Experience, Christopher R. Yukins

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

In response to interest from the European Union (EU) in using public procurement to drive innovation in Europe's single market, this article explores US procurement methods which encourage innovation, including competitive negotiations, small business innovation research initiatives, and 'other transactions'. The article also assesses broader US reforms which have facilitated innovation, including the US government's willingness to allow private firms to retain intellectual property rights in innovations created under federal procurements. The article concludes by noting that while not all these approaches may succeed in the EU, in part because of the United States' unique history, culture and economy, the …

What The "Good Moral Character" Test Reveals About Eugenics In Immigration Law, Tania N. Valdez

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

This Essay explores how disability factors into immigration and citizenship law by focusing on three naturalization cases that reveal aspects of the “good moral character” element. A noncitizen’s own disability has been used as grounds for exclusion since the earliest immigration laws. Yet, as it turns out, noncitizens who participate in the eugenic mission of immigration law have been greatly rewarded.

The Eu Versus The Platforms And The First Amendment: Regulating Online Hate Speech, Dawn C. Nunziato

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

What speech should be allowed on social media platforms—and what speech should be prohibited—is a pressing and timely question. Given the recent changes in major social media platforms’ moderation of harmful speech—with the tacit blessing of a 2024 Supreme Court decision and the Trump Administration—and the European Union’s increased regulation of hateful speech and platform content moderation, a clash of these titans is inevitable.

This Article will examine the underlying forces that brought about these conflicts—including First Amendment, CDA Section 230, international, and EU law governing free expression, hate speech, and platforms’ rights and duties regarding content moderation. It will …

A National Zoning Atlas To Inform Housing Research, Policy, And Public Participation, Sara C. Bronin, Wenfei Xu, Scott Markley, Diana Drogaris

GW Law Faculty Publications & Other Works

Through a unique combination of data science and legal analysis techniques, the National Zoning Atlas is creating the first public, online repository of standardized data about zoning. This article first discusses the context for and methodology behind the atlas. It then establishes three possibilities for using the atlas, including facilitating research (including fair housing research), strengthening planning, and empowering the public.

Frontiers At 50 Oral Histories: Feminist Community, Activism, And Scholarship, Elise Homan, Silvia P. Solis

School of Interdisciplinary Programs & Community Engagement Faculty Publications

As part of the fiftieth anniversary of Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies, the editorial collective at the University of Utah produced an oral history project including interviews with fourteen previous editorial members of the journal. This essay explores the oral histories to highlight the journal's enduring contributions to feminist scholarship, community activism, and grassroots knowledge production. Since 1974, Frontiers has been dedicated to sustaining a collective editorial structure, bridging academic and community experiences, and supporting diversity within feminist publishing. Through tracing a narrative across the oral histories, this essay shares the evolving challenges and successes of sustaining these …

An Assessment Of Vegetable Production Constraints, Trait Preferences And Willingness To Adopt Sustainable Intensification Options In Kenya And Uganda, Rose N. Okoma, Evanson R. Omuse, Daniel M. Mutyambai, Dennis Beesigamukama, Marius F. Murongo, Sevgan Subramanian, Frank Chidawanyika

All Peer-Reviewed Publications

Global food production systems are under pressure due to population increase, limited farmland, biotic and abiotic constrains, and ongoing climate change. Sustainable intensification is needed to increase agricultural productivity with minimal adverse environmental and social impacts. Vegetable-integrated push pull (VIPP) technology coupled with black soldier fly (BSF) frass offer such opportunities to smallholder farmers. However, farmers’ vegetable preferences and willingness to adopt these innovations remain unknown and are variable across various geographic scales. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-person interviews with smallholder farmers were conducted to assess vegetable production constraints and select vegetables to be integrated into VIPP coupled with …