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The Lever Presses Of Eretz Israel In The Light Of The Alone Abba Oil Press (With Contributions By Shulamit Hadad, Gerald Finkielsztejn And Danny Syon) (Hebrew, Pp. 51–81; English Summary, Pp. 84*–86*), Leea Porat, Rafael Frankel, Nimrod Getzov
The Lever Presses Of Eretz Israel In The Light Of The Alone Abba Oil Press (With Contributions By Shulamit Hadad, Gerald Finkielsztejn And Danny Syon) (Hebrew, Pp. 51–81; English Summary, Pp. 84*–86*), Leea Porat, Rafael Frankel, Nimrod Getzov
'Atiqot
A salvage excavation conducted at Moshav Alone Abba revealed an oil press of the Roman period that was situated within a cave. The crushing installation at Alone Abba is of a type used from the end of the Persian period until recent times. The olive mash was pressed in a Maresha-type lever-and-weights press, one of a variety of lever-press types in use in the country. The finds comprise pottery from the Hellenistic–Middle Roman periods; a stamped amphora handle; seven bone spatulas; a stone stamp; and two coins from the beginning of the second century CE. The Roman-period pottery evinces a …
A Settlement From The Roman Period At Ḥorbat Kamon (Hebrew, Pp. 39–49; English Summary, P. 83*), Moshe Hartal
A Settlement From The Roman Period At Ḥorbat Kamon (Hebrew, Pp. 39–49; English Summary, P. 83*), Moshe Hartal
'Atiqot
Two squares were excavated down to bedrock at Ḥorbat Kamon. The western square included three phases (I–III); the remains of a plastered miqweh were found in Phase III. The eastern square included two phases (I, II). In Phase II, part of a building, including a room and a courtyard, was uncovered. An installation that was unearthed in the building contained mainly cooking bowls and the lower millstone of an Olynthian mill. On the basis of the ceramic finds, Phase III was dated to the beginning of the second century CE, and Phase II, the major settlement, to the second half …
Three Military Bread Stamps From The Western Wall Plaza Excavations, Jerusalem (Pp. 21*–31*), Leah Di Segni, Shlomit Weksler-Bdolah
Three Military Bread Stamps From The Western Wall Plaza Excavations, Jerusalem (Pp. 21*–31*), Leah Di Segni, Shlomit Weksler-Bdolah
'Atiqot
The three bread stamps, two complete and one broken, were discovered within a deep deposit (the ‘Roman dump’), which was sealed under a mosaic pavement of the Eastern Cardo’s eastern portico, and under the flagstones of the northern of the two streets that extend eastward from the Cardo. A centuria symbol, engraved at the beginning of the inscription on the two complete items, identifies these stamps as military bread stamps. The names of the soldiers on the bread stamps lack a cognomen, thus dating the stamps to before the end of the first century CE, during the first period that …
The Aqueducts Of Naḥal Bet Ha-‘Emeq (Pp. 1*–19*), Rafael Frankel
The Aqueducts Of Naḥal Bet Ha-‘Emeq (Pp. 1*–19*), Rafael Frankel
'Atiqot
Remains of three parallel aqueducts (A–C) were found over a distance of about 6 km along Naḥal Bet Ha-‘Emeq. Aqueduct A is partly a tunnel with vertical shafts and partly a channel; Aqueduct B is a wide channel; and Aqueduct C is a narrow channel. Sections of the tunnels were completely filled with soil, while others were empty. The ceramic evidence suggests that Aqueducts A and C were hewn in the Hellenistic period, while Aqueduct B could be slightly later. After the aqueducts were abandoned, the region was terraced for agricultural use. In addition to the three aqueducts, a shaft …
Ḥorbat Burin (East): Remains Of Buildings And A Pottery Kiln From The Persian To The Beginning Of The Early Islamic Periods (With Contributions By Yael Gorin-Rosen And Helena Sokolov) (Hebrew, Pp. 21–31; English Summary, Pp. 80*–81*), Uzi ‘Ad
'Atiqot
Excavations at Ḥorbat Burin, in the northern Sharon plain, were carried out on the eastern fringes of the tell. Two areas (A and B) were exposed. In Area A, a round pottery kiln, dating to the end of the Byzantine period (sixth–seventh centuries CE), was exposed almost in its entirety. In Area B, remains from three building phases (V–III) were uncovered: a building from the Hellenistic period; a bathhouse, dated to the Byzantine period; and a massive building, which was in use between the end of the Byzantine and the beginning of the Early Islamic periods.
Pottery From The Persian And Hellenistic Periods At Ḥorbat Burin (East) (Hebrew, Pp. 33–38; English Summary, P. 82*), Hagit Torge
Pottery From The Persian And Hellenistic Periods At Ḥorbat Burin (East) (Hebrew, Pp. 33–38; English Summary, P. 82*), Hagit Torge
'Atiqot
The pottery finds from the Phase V building at Ḥorbat Burin (East) were uncovered within a fill underlying the foundation of the floor, inside the foundation itself and above it. No intact or restorable vessels were found. The finds from the fill represent types, characteristic of the Persian and Hellenistic periods. The finds from the floor foundation also date to these periods. The pottery above the foundation of the floor dates to a later Hellenistic phase, thus determining the building’s final stage. No post-Hellenistic pottery types were observed.
A Burial Cave From Iron Age Ii And The Early Roman Period North Of Tel Hadid (With A Contribution By Yossi Nagar) (Hebrew, Pp. 1–20; English Summary, P. 79*), Eli Yannai
'Atiqot
A hewn burial cave north of Tel Hadid was used for interment during Iron Age II and the Early Roman period. The rectangular burial chamber has three hewn shelves in its walls and an elliptical bone repository below the western shelf. Numerous bones were found on the shelves, discarded with other artifacts. The Iron Age finds include ceramic artifacts and a stone bowl. The finds from the Early Roman phase comprise pottery vessels; no ossuaries were discovered.
A Sugar Industry Site From The Fatimid To The Ottoman Periods At Tell Umm Al-Faraj, Western Galilee (Hebrew, Pp. 139–159; English Summary, P. 77*), Emmanuel Damati
A Sugar Industry Site From The Fatimid To The Ottoman Periods At Tell Umm Al-Faraj, Western Galilee (Hebrew, Pp. 139–159; English Summary, P. 77*), Emmanuel Damati
'Atiqot
The excavation at Tell Umm al-Fajar, located in the heart of Moshav Ben ‘Ami in the western Galilee, revealed an agricultural settlement that produced sugar from the Fatimid period until the Ottoman period, as indicated by the numerous sugar vessels that were found.
The Fortification System In The Northwestern Part Of Jerusalem From The Early Islamic Period To The Ottoman Period (Hebrew, Pp.105–130; English Summary, Pp. 73*–75*), Shlomit Weksler-Bdolah
The Fortification System In The Northwestern Part Of Jerusalem From The Early Islamic Period To The Ottoman Period (Hebrew, Pp.105–130; English Summary, Pp. 73*–75*), Shlomit Weksler-Bdolah
'Atiqot
Along the exterior of the wall in Jerusalem, near the New Gate, several defense elements were unearthed beneath the Ottoman wall, including stone courses, a rock-cut moat and towers. These findings make it possible to suggest a new reconstruction of the development of the fortification system of the city from the Roman–Byzantine periods tothe Earlty Islamic, Medieval and Ottoman periods.
A Cargo Of Lead Ingots From An Eleventh–Thirteenth-Centuries Ce Shipwreck Off The Ashqelon Coast (Hebrew, Pp. 131–137; English Summary, P. 76*), Ehud Galili, Baruch Rosen
A Cargo Of Lead Ingots From An Eleventh–Thirteenth-Centuries Ce Shipwreck Off The Ashqelon Coast (Hebrew, Pp. 131–137; English Summary, P. 76*), Ehud Galili, Baruch Rosen
'Atiqot
Fifty-seven lead ingots were discovered on the seabed west of Tel Ashqelon, their total average weight reaching c. 4 tons. These finds shed light on the nature of shipping and commerce along the Ashqelon coast during the eleventh–thirteenth centuries CE. A survey of the written evidence, concerning the importation of lead to Israel, is encountered, as well as an attempt to reconstruct the vessel type that transported the lead and the reason for its wreckage.
The Complex Winepress At Ḥorbat Siv: Analysis And Interpretation (Hebrew, Pp. 89–92; English Summary, P. 70*), Yehoshua Dray
The Complex Winepress At Ḥorbat Siv: Analysis And Interpretation (Hebrew, Pp. 89–92; English Summary, P. 70*), Yehoshua Dray
'Atiqot
The complex winepress exposed at Horbat Siv offers a good opportunity for a reevaluation of the wine production process. In this article, a new approach is discussed concerning the function of the various components of the installation. The hypothesis presented here considers two main facts pertaining to wine production: (1) all winepresses operated in accordance with the gravitation principle; (2) wine is extracted naturally, i.e., biochemically.
Ḥorbat Siv: Quarries, Burial Caves, Kilns, Agricultural Installations, Roads And A Columbarium (With A Contribution By Yossi Nagar) (Hebrew, Pp. 65–87; English Summary, Pp. 68*–69*), Kareem Sa'id, Uzi 'Ad
Ḥorbat Siv: Quarries, Burial Caves, Kilns, Agricultural Installations, Roads And A Columbarium (With A Contribution By Yossi Nagar) (Hebrew, Pp. 65–87; English Summary, Pp. 68*–69*), Kareem Sa'id, Uzi 'Ad
'Atiqot
Excavations at Ḥorbat Sib revealed an agricultural village, whose inhabitants engaged, inter alia, in the production of oil and wine. Among the finds was a complex winepress, unique both in plan and in size—several suggestions are offered in attempt to reconstruct the way it was operated.
A Roman-Period Burial Cave On Ha-Ḥoresh Street, Qiryat Tiv‘On (Pp. 27*–61*), Fanny Vitto
A Roman-Period Burial Cave On Ha-Ḥoresh Street, Qiryat Tiv‘On (Pp. 27*–61*), Fanny Vitto
'Atiqot
A burial cave, excavated at Qiryat Tiv‘on in the Lower Galilee, contained several pottery coffins, as well as limestone and pottery ossuaries, attesting that it had been utilized by a Jewish population. The date of the coffins and ossuaries is discussed in a larger geographical and stratigraphical context. Also found in the cave were oil lamps, exhibiting a broken discus — a new suggestion forthe breaking of the discus is offered.
A Burial Cave From The Early Roman Period On Diskin Street, Jerusalem (With A Contribution By Ronny Reich) (Hebrew, Pp. 93–103; English Summary, Pp. 71*–72*), Gideon Solimany, Rafeh Abu Raya, Ronny Reich
A Burial Cave From The Early Roman Period On Diskin Street, Jerusalem (With A Contribution By Ronny Reich) (Hebrew, Pp. 93–103; English Summary, Pp. 71*–72*), Gideon Solimany, Rafeh Abu Raya, Ronny Reich
'Atiqot
A rock-hewn, kokhim-type burial cave was exposed on Diskin Street, Jerusalem. It yielded a few potsherds, including a knife-pared lamp, dating to the Early Roman period. Ten ossuaries made of soft limestone were found; two of them are inscribed with names in Greek and in Hebrew, alluding to the Jewish origin of the interred. This cave fits well within the presently known boundaries of the ancient cemetery of Jerusalem during the first century CE.
Rosh Ha-‘Ayin, Miẓpe Afeq: Remains Of An Agricultural Settlement From The Iron Age To The Hellenistic Period(With A Contribution By Gabriela Bijovsky) (Hebrew, Pp. 53–63; English Summary, P. 67*), Elie Haddad
'Atiqot
Within the neighborhood of Mizpe Afeq, the northeastern part of a nearby agricultural settlement was excavated. Agricultural installations, including a silo, two cisterns and a simple oil press were discovered, dating to the Iron Age; they existed until the second century BCE. A unique find is a faience amulet representing the Egyptian deity Shu/Heh.
A Faience Amulet From Rosh Ha-‘Ayin, Miẓpe Afeq (Pp. 25*–26*), Naomi Sidi
A Faience Amulet From Rosh Ha-‘Ayin, Miẓpe Afeq (Pp. 25*–26*), Naomi Sidi
'Atiqot
A Faience amulet, depicting the Egyptian deity Shu/Heh,was recovered froman archaeological context dating to the fourth century BCE at Rosh Ha-‘Ayin. Based on parallels found elsewhere in the counry, ranging in date from the Iron Age IIC to the Hellenistic period, it seems that the amulet from Rosh Ha-‘Ayin can be dated soundly to the Persian-Hellenistic context within which it was found.
An Early Iron Age Cist Grave At Kibbutz Ha-Zore‘A (Hebrew, Pp. 47–51; English Summary, P. 66*), Eli Yannai
An Early Iron Age Cist Grave At Kibbutz Ha-Zore‘A (Hebrew, Pp. 47–51; English Summary, P. 66*), Eli Yannai
'Atiqot
A stone-lined cist grave containing six pottery vessels was exposed at Kibbutz Ha-Zorea‘ on the southeastern fringes of Tel Qiri. The vessels date from the Late Bronze Age until the late Iron Age. This grave-type is characteristic of areas in the country covered with alluvium, in which one could not hew tombs.
A Cairn Field On The Northern Periphery Of Jerusalem (Pp 1*–23*), Yehudah Rapuano, Alexander Onn
A Cairn Field On The Northern Periphery Of Jerusalem (Pp 1*–23*), Yehudah Rapuano, Alexander Onn
'Atiqot
Thirty cairns of various sizes and types were documented on the Shu‘fat ridge, Jerusalem; some of them were sistematically excavated. Most of the pottery finds, both within these stone mantles and on their periphery, date to Iron Age II, seemingly the period of their construction and use. The meaning and function of these cairns is discussed in detail, inlight of the many interpretations previously offered concerning stone heaps in this region.
Tombs From The Middle Bronze Age I Until The Iron Age At Tel Maloṭ (With A Contribution By Othmar Keel) (Hebrew, Pp. 19–39; English Summary, P. 64*), Sigal Golan
'Atiqot
West of Tel Maloṭ, fourteen pit graves were uncovered, dating from Middle Bronze Age I until the Iron Age. The burial offerings placed within the gravesinclude locally produced pottery vessels alongside Cypriot imports, jewelry and scarabs. The graves are part of an ancient cemetery adjacent to the tell.
Iron Age Tombs North Of Tel Maloṭ (Hebrew, Pp. 41–46; English Summary, P. 65*), Oren Shmueli
Iron Age Tombs North Of Tel Maloṭ (Hebrew, Pp. 41–46; English Summary, P. 65*), Oren Shmueli
'Atiqot
Three pit graves were exposed north of Tel Maloṭ. Poor skeletal remains were found, alongside pottery vessels from the tenth century BCE. It seems that these graves were part of the Iron Age cemetery previously unearthed to the north, west and southwest of the tell
A Middle Bronze Age Iib Site In The Kidron Valley, Jerusalem(Hebrew, Pp. 1–18; English Summary, P. 63*), Ofer Sion, Zvi Greenhut
A Middle Bronze Age Iib Site In The Kidron Valley, Jerusalem(Hebrew, Pp. 1–18; English Summary, P. 63*), Ofer Sion, Zvi Greenhut
'Atiqot
The Middle Bronze Age IIB site in the Kidron Valley is a one-period site, identified as a farmstead. The periphery of Jerusalem during this period has been lately largely studied; however, this siteis the first of its kind in the southeastern part of the agricultural hinterland of Jerusalem.
A Christian Inscription At Shelomi (Pp. 161–167), Hagit Tahan, Danny Syon
A Christian Inscription At Shelomi (Pp. 161–167), Hagit Tahan, Danny Syon
'Atiqot
During a salvage excavation in the industrial zone at Shelomi in the western Galilee, building remains, including a mosaic pavement, were unearthed. The mosaic featured a fragmentary Greek inscription, probably a dedicatory inscription of a church or a monastery. The inscription was dated on stylistic grounds to the sixth–seventh centuries CE. This dating is further corroborated by the pottery finds and a coin of Justin II found at the site.
Remains From The Medieval And Ottoman Periods On The Eastern Hill Of Tell Jatt (Area D) (Hebrew, Pp. 47*–51*; English Summary, P. 173), Eli Yannai
'Atiqot
On the eastern hill of Tell Jatt were uncovered remains from the medieval (twelfth–thirteenth centuries CE) and Ottoman periods. The excavation results demonstrated that contrary to the finds on the tell, which do not post-date the Roman period, the eastern spur of the tell was established during the Byzantine period and continued to be settled in the Crusader, Mamluk and Ottoman periods.
Radiocarbon Dating Of Samples From Ḥorbat Rozez (P. 159), Dror Segal, Israel Carmi
Radiocarbon Dating Of Samples From Ḥorbat Rozez (P. 159), Dror Segal, Israel Carmi
'Atiqot
Four samples from the excavation at Ḥorbat Rozez were analyzed, three of which represent strata from the end of the Iron Age until the Hellenistic period.
The Coins From Ḥorbat Rozez (Pp. 157–158), Robert Kool
The Coins From Ḥorbat Rozez (Pp. 157–158), Robert Kool
'Atiqot
Nine of the ten coins, unearthed during the excavation of Ḥorbat Rozez, were identified. Seven of the coins are of the large follis type, dating from Justin I until the first years of Heraclius, thus supporting the date of the pottery finds, which do not post-date the sixth century CE.
The Byzantine-Period Glass Vessels From Ḥorbatrozez (Pp. 145–155), Tamar Winter
The Byzantine-Period Glass Vessels From Ḥorbatrozez (Pp. 145–155), Tamar Winter
'Atiqot
About one thousand small glass fragments were found at Ḥorbat Rozez, ninety percent of which were associated with the Byzantine period. Most of the vessels were free-blown, a few were mold-blown. The vessel group from Ḥorbat Rozez continues Late Roman traditions, generally dating from the mid-fourth to the late sixth centuries CE. The assemblage is domestic, typically undecorated, comprising mostly bowls and bottles. Noteworthy are a large goblet and eulogia juglets. A deformed glass vessel and two glass-production wasters might attest to a local glass workshop at the site.
The Ceramic Oil Lamps From Ḥorbat Rozez (Pp. 139–144), Varda Sussman
The Ceramic Oil Lamps From Ḥorbat Rozez (Pp. 139–144), Varda Sussman
'Atiqot
Some 23 lamps were unearthed at the excavation of Ḥorbat Rozez: one dated to the Hellenistic period, one to the Early Roman period, one to the Early Islamic period and the rest to the Byzantine period. All the Byzantine-period lamps, as well as the Early Islamic example, suggest an affinity with the Samaritan culture. The lamp assemblage from Ḥorbat Rozez is typical of that found in other communities on Mount Carmel.
A Salvage Excavation At Ḥorbat Rozez (Pp. 107–137), Eli Yannai
A Salvage Excavation At Ḥorbat Rozez (Pp. 107–137), Eli Yannai
'Atiqot
Ḥorbat Rozez is located on the southeastern slope of Ramat Ha-Nadiv, between Zikhron Ya‘aqov and Binyamina. Excavation at the site exposed six strata, dating from the Iron Age (VI), the Persian (V–IV), Hellenistic (III), Byzantine (II) and Mamluk–Ottoman (I) periods. The architectural remains from Strata V–II point to the domestic nature of the buildings. The pottery finds relate to the occupation periods discovered at the site. Worth of mention are an imported jug from Greece or Western Anatolia and a skyphos from the Persian period; decorated jugs from the Hellenistic period; saqiya jars from the Byzantine period; and ceramic-pipe fragments …
The Coins From Iqrit (Pp. 97–106), Gabriela Bijovsky
The Coins From Iqrit (Pp. 97–106), Gabriela Bijovsky
'Atiqot
Twenty-six coins were found in the burial cave excavated at Iqrit, all of them were identifiable. Several coins are of special interest: two antonininani of the brothers Macrianus II and Quietus, which are rarely found in excavations; a finely preserved coin of Caracalla, which was pierced; and a Sidonian coin depicting Julia Maesa, grandmother of Elagabalus and Severus Alexander, a type yet unpublished. Most of the coins are Roman provincial issues, minted in Phoenician cities, suggesting that Iqrit was strongly oriented to Phoenicia and Syria during the second and third centuries CE.
A Site From The Persian, Hellenistic And Early Islamic Periods At Holot Yavne (With Contributions By Yossi Nagar, Gerald Finkielsztejn, Yael Gorin-Rosen, Yitzhaq Hershko, Donald T. Ariel) (Hebrew, Pp. 21*–46*; English Summary, Pp. 171–172), Amir Gorzalczany, Diego Barkan, Livnat Iechie
A Site From The Persian, Hellenistic And Early Islamic Periods At Holot Yavne (With Contributions By Yossi Nagar, Gerald Finkielsztejn, Yael Gorin-Rosen, Yitzhaq Hershko, Donald T. Ariel) (Hebrew, Pp. 21*–46*; English Summary, Pp. 171–172), Amir Gorzalczany, Diego Barkan, Livnat Iechie
'Atiqot
Excavations conducted at a here-to-far unknown site in Holot Yavne revealed building remains and occupation levels from the Persian, Hellenistic, Byzantine, Early Islamic and Mamluk periods, as well as a Persian-period cemetery. Contrary to the meager architectural remains at the site, the finds were abundant, including pottery, glass vessels, metal objects, stone vessels, stone and clay loomweights, coins and a Rhodian stamp seal. Of special interest are a Persian-period, bronze hemispherical bowl in an excellent state of preservation and a mamluk-period copper bowl etched with engravings and drawings.