Digital Commons Network^™

Characterization Of Water Intake And Water Conversion Ratio For Male And Female Broilers From Four Commercial Broiler Lines Reared To Eight Weeks Of Age, J.Z. Hiltz, C.W. Maynard, T.W. Tabler, M.A. Maquesda, K.M. Shafer, K.B. Nelson, M.T. Kidd, N.B. Anthony, S.K. Orlowski-Workman

Poultry Science Faculty Publications and Presentations

Increased interest and investigation into the sustainability of broiler production has led to a need for reliable and repeatable means to measure water intake and its conversion rate into salable meat. Therefore, a study was conducted to characterize the water intake and water conversion ratio (WCR) of male and female broilers from four modern broiler strains. Two of these lines represented fast growing broiler strains (FGB A and FGB B) targeting a small bird market and two represented high yielding broiler strains (HYB A and HYB B). Three replicates of 25 sexed broilers from each line were placed into 24 …

Farm Efficiency And Precision Agriculture Technology, Chad Fiechter, Brady Brewer, Jennifer Ifft, Michael Boehlje

Department of Agricultural Economics Faculty Publications

Precision agriculture technology (PAT) is often viewed as a potential driver of future efficiency gains in farming. Using within-farm variation from an unbalanced panel of Kansas farms, this study examines the impact of PAT bundles on efficiency in generating gross revenue. On average, we find little evidence that these technologies improve efficiency. However, among less efficient farms, several bundles are linked to notable efficiency gains, underscoring the importance of accounting for farm heterogeneity.

Why The Triple Bottom Line Fails: Advancing The Jesuit Vision For Sustainability Education In Business, Trevor Zink, Melissa Fitzpatrick, Justin Nordin, Jeffrey S. Thies

Journal of Management for Global Sustainability

This paper critiques the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) framework as conceptually flawed and ethically insufficient for sustainability education in business. While the TBL aims to balance profit, people, and planet, its logic prioritizes profitability, rendering social and environmental goals conditional and marginal. We argue that this framing undermines critical thinking, moral imagination, and ecological literacy in business students—especially within Jesuit institutions, which are called to form conscientious leaders. Drawing on Jesuit educational tradition, we propose a reorientation of business purpose around economic sufficiency rather than profit maximization, guided by integral ecology and the common good. This shift invites a more …

Freshwater Turtle Assemblages And Densities In Agricultural Ditches And Aquaculture Ponds Of Eastern Arkansas, Andrhea D. Massey, John D. Willson, Brett A. Degregorio

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

The Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) of Arkansas is a landscape where many wetlands have been altered for use as aquaculture ponds or agricultural ditches. Commercial harvest of freshwater turtles within the MAP is not restricted or limited, with reported harvest numbers for 2019 alone exceeding 4000 for spiny softshell turtles (Apalone spinifera) and 39,000 for red-eared sliders (Trachemys scripta elegans). Herein, we attempt to provide baseline estimates of freshwater turtle densities and community composition in aquaculture ponds and agricultural ditches of eastern Arkansas, the habitat types most frequently trapped by commercial harvesters. We used a capture-mark-recapture approach over 3 summers …

Achilles, Sreelekha Samala

Theses

ACHILLES is a speculative design project and conceptual artifact. It is not intended to function as a medically certified or biomechanically operational prosthetic arm. Instead, it operates within the realm of design research, using visual realism and luxury aesthetics to explore how assistive technologies could be perceived differently in cultural, emotional, and commercial contexts. Using 3D software to experiment with color, pattern, and texture, I designed a realistic mockup to demonstrate how Achilles could appear in a high-end commercial setting. Instead of animating the model, I focused on camera motion to highlight the prosthetic from multiple angles, emphasizing its sculptural …

Work And Play In Tandem: A Brief Study Of Familiar Silhouettes In The Contemporary Workplace, Tanisa Bose Samaddar

Theses

This thesis addresses the limitations posed by conventional office furniture, and its impact on human psychological and physiological well-being. Drawing upon literature that delves into the topics of neuroscience of play, environmental psychology, and emotional sustainability, the thesis seeks to solve these issues through design modifications. It aims to understand how brief, movement-focused breaks can help rejuvenate executive functioning, uplift mood, and encourage bursts of social interaction. A five-stage prototyping process, thumbnail sketches, clay models, 3D modeling, full-scale drawings, and iterative Fusion360 refinements, later Tandem was born. By requiring at least two users to operate its see-saw mode, Tandem counteracts …

Desiccation Tolerance In Tetradesmus Green Algae, Kristen Patten

Theses

In the face of the global climate change threat, understanding the adaptations that organisms have evolved to handle environmental variation is of particular interest to scientists. With climate change impacting global water availability and increasing the risk of drought for many traditional agricultural areas in the United States (IPCC, 2014, IPCC, 2021, and Kuwayama et al., 2019), desiccation tolerance in vegetative states is one adaptation that is currently receiving a lot of attention. Green algae are particularly useful organisms for understanding this adaptation due to their ubiquity across environments, which has given rise to independently evolved organisms displaying different levels …

A Morphological Cell Atlas Of The Freshwater Sponge Ephydatia Muelleri With Key Insights From Targeted Single-Cell Transcriptomes, Sally P. Leys, Lauren Grombacher, Daniel Field, Glen R.D. Elliott, Vanessa R. Ho, Amanda S. Kahn, Pamela J. Reid, Ana Riesgo, Emilio Lanna, Yuriy Bobkov, Joseph F. Ryan, April L. Horton

Faculty Research, Scholarly, and Creative Activity

How animal cell types, tissues, and regional body plans arose is a fundamental question in EvoDevo. Many current efforts attempt to link genetic information to the morphology of cells, tissues and regionalization of animal body plans using single-cell sequencing of cell populations. However, a lack of in-depth understanding of the morphology of non-bilaterian animals remains a considerable block to understanding the transitions between bilaterian and non-bilaterian cells and tissues. Sponges (Porifera), one of the earliest diverging animal phyla, pose a particular challenge to this endeavour, because their body plans lack mouths, gut, conventional muscle and nervous systems. With a goal …

Uncovering The Diversity Of Bats In The Mbam Minkom Massif, Cameroon: Insights Into The Importance Of Tropical Inselbergs, Amanda L. Grunwald, Terrence C. Demos, Patrick J. Atagana, Courtney M. Volk, Ara Monadjem, Franck P. Meyo Konoo, Yvette Ngueagni, R. Travis Merrill, Daniel J. Ballhorn, Luis A. Ruedas, Multiple Additional Authors

Biology Faculty Publications and Presentations

We report the results of two expeditions (2019 and 2022) to the Mbam Minkom Massif (Centre Region, Cameroon), focused on an assessment of the montane area's bat fauna. We describe bat species' richness and highlight the incredible diversity and ecological importance of this highly threatened ecosystem. Across both years, we captured a total of 36 bat species representing 21 genera and six families on Mbam Minkom Massif and in the surrounding lowland forest. Our findings include two new species records for Cameroon, and two additional records of the recently described bat, Pseudoromicia mbamminkom. We provide accounts for all captured species, …

Decorin Deficiency Promotes D-Galactose-Induced Skeletal Muscle Atrophy And Fibrosis By Regulating Itgb1/Akt/Mtor Signalling Pathway, Xiaoqin Luo, Mengxue Zhang, Lili Chen, Ruichang Wang, Jiabing Lian, Zhe Yang, Renato V. Iozzo, Jin Wang, Yan Zhang, Xiuli Bi

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Primary sarcopenia is an age-associated disorder with progressive and generalised loss of skeletal muscle strength and mass. Skeletal muscle fibrosis is one of the significant pathological manifestations of age-associated sarcopenia. Decorin, a small dermatan-sulfate proteoglycan, participates in extracellular matrix assembly. In numerous studies, the involvement of decorin is not restricted to matrix structural proteins, and it also affects a diverse variety of biological functions like cell growth, adhesion, migration, proliferation and differentiation. Additionally, it modulates the process of inflammation and fibrillogenesis. Based on these preclinical evidences, we hypothesised that decorin may potentially play an important role in skeletal muscles …

Improved Accuracy For Myocardial Blood Flow Mapping With Deep Learning-Enabled Cmr Arterial Spin Labeling (Deepmasl): Validation By Microsphere In Vivo, Ran Li, Caleb Berberet, Qi Huang, Pamela K Woodard, Jie Zheng

2020-Current year OA Pubs

BACKGROUND: Current myocardial arterial spin labeling (ASL) methods are sensitive to noise (background and physiology), which limits the accuracy of myocardial blood flow (MBF) measurement. In this study, we demonstrated a new deep learning-enabled myocardial ASL approach (DeepMASL) and evaluated its accuracy to quantify MBF in a canine model of coronary arterial disease in vivo. The reference method was invasive microsphere measurements.

METHODS: Eighteen mongrel dogs were divided into two groups: healthy (n = 9) and coronary stenosis (n = 9). The latter was induced in an open-chest model with 3 types of stenosis: 50% (n= 3), 70% (n = …

Surgical Removal Of Implanted Microchips To Correct Mri Susceptibility Artifacts In Mice, Elizabeth Hipskind, Nicole Hernandez, Sydney Fox, Tina Manirambona, Rita Schack, Brian Gibson, Robia G Pautler

Center on Aging Staff Publications

Purpose: Implanted microchips are becoming increasingly common in research for animal identification and have been adopted by commercial vendors for some mouse strains. However, they often contain metal components, which generate magnetic susceptibility artifacts on MR images. Despite this, some microchips are marketed as MR-compatible, even though they are likely to affect image quality.

Methods: We assessed the impact of a radiofrequency identification microchip on MR images of the mouse brain and present a method for precise surgical removal. A handheld magnet was used to locate and stabilize the microchips during removal. Mice were imaged before and after microchip removal. …

Loss Of The Lysosomal Protein Cln3 Triggers C-Abl-Dependent Yap1 Pro-Apoptotic Signaling, Neuza Domingues, Alessia Calcagni', Sofia Freire, Joana Pires, Ricardo Casqueiro, Ivan L Salazar, Niculin Joachim Herz, Tuong Huynh, Katarzyna Wieciorek, Tiago Fleming Outeiro, Henrique Girão, Ira Milosevic, Andrea Ballabio, Nuno Raimundo

Duncan NRI Faculty and Staff Publications

Batten disease is characterized by early-onset blindness, juvenile dementia and death within the second decade of life. The most common genetic cause are mutations in CLN3, encoding a lysosomal protein. Currently, no therapies targeting disease progression are available, largely because its molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. To understand how CLN3 loss affects cellular signaling, we generated human CLN3 knock-out cells (CLN3-KO) and performed RNA-seq analysis. Our multi-dimensional analysis reveals the transcriptional regulator YAP1 as a key factor in remodeling the transcriptome in CLN3-KO cells. YAP1-mediated pro-apoptotic signaling is also increased as a consequence of CLN3 functional loss in retinal pigment …

Administration Of A Novel Reprogramming Formula Improves Cardiac Function And Decreases Cardiac Fibrosis In A Myocardial Infarction Model, Megumi Mathison, Saliha S Pathan, Aliya Lackan, Jianchang Yang, Tamer M A Mohamed, Todd K Rosengart

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: The reprogramming of fibroblasts into (induced) cardiomyocytes offers a direct myocardial regeneration strategy for improving postinfarction myocardial function. Compared to lower-order species, human cells are relatively resistant to such reprogramming. We previously found that p63-transactivation inhibitory domain (TID; the portion of p63 that physical interacts and interferes with its activation of the epigenetic repressor HDAC1) combined with the cardio-differentiation factors Hand2 and Myocardin (HM) enhanced rat and human cell transdifferentiation. The present study sought to determine the in vivo effects of this reprogramming strategy in a rat myocardial infarction model.

Methods: Adult male and female rats underwent left anterior …

Transcriptional Coregulator Zmiz1 Modulates Estrogen Responses That Are Essential For Healthy Endometrial Function, Sylvia C Hewitt, Frank Orellana, Ryan M Marquardt, Myeongjin Yi, Cynthia J Willson, Mark Y Chiang, Yong Song, Goutham Venkata Naga Davuluri, Christopher Day, Ramakrishna Kommagani, Joseph Rodriguez, Asgerally T Fazleabas, John P Lydon, Francesco J Demayo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Estrogen is a critical regulator of endometrial health. Aberrant estrogen stimulation can result in infertility, endometrial cancer, and endometriosis. Here, we identified Zinc Finger MIZ-Type Containing 1 (Zmiz1) as a coregulator of uterine estrogen signaling. ZMIZ1 is colocalized with an estrogen receptor α–binding (ESR1-binding) super enhancer. ZMIZ1 mutations are found in endometrial cancer and its RNA levels trend toward reduction in endometrium of patients with endometriosis. ZMIZ1 is dynamically expressed in human endometrial tissues during the menstrual cycle. Disrupting ZMIZ1 in cultured human endometrial stromal cells resulted in impaired cell proliferation and decidual differentiation. Ablation of Zmiz1 using …

Cerebellar Purkinje Cell Stripe Patterns Reveal A Differential Vulnerability And Resistance To Cell Loss During Normal Aging In Mice, Sarah G Donofrio, Cheryl Brandenburg, Amanda M Brown, Tao Lin, Hsiang-Chih Lu, Roy V Sillitoe

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Age-related neurodegenerative diseases involve reduced cell numbers and impaired behavioral capacity. Neurodegeneration and behavioral deficits also occur during aging, and notably in the absence of disease. The cerebellum, which modulates movement and cognition, is susceptible to cell loss in both aging and disease. Here, we demonstrate that cerebellar Purkinje cell loss in aged mice is not spatially random but rather occurs in a pattern of parasagittal stripes. We also find that aged mice exhibit impaired motor coordination and more severe tremor compared to younger mice. However, the relationship between patterned Purkinje cell loss and motor dysfunction is not straightforward. Examination …

The Microstructure Of Metastatic Bone Lesions Suggests Tumor Mediated Alterations In Bone Mineralization, Hanwen Fan, Zhan Xu, Carla Berrospe Rodriguez, Noah Dover, Andrei Demkov, Morgan Lilly, Guillermo Aguilar, Larry J Suva, Xiang H-F Zhang, Yuxiao Zhou

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Breast, prostate and lung cancer cells frequently metastasize to bone, leading to disruption of the bone microstructure. This study utilized mechanical testing coupled with micro-CT imaging, digital volume correlation (DVC), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanomechanical testing to examine the mechanical property variations in mouse long bones (tibia) with metastatic lung cancer cell involvement, spanning from the whole-bone scale to the microstructural level. In addition, we also investigated how metastatic invasion alters the morphology of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals in bone at the nanometer scale. The biochemical composition within metastatic lesions was assessed using Raman spectroscopy and correlated with AFM mechanical testing …

Lilrb4 Regulates Circadian Disruption-Induced Mammary Tumorigenesis Via Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway, Olajumoke Ogunlusi, Mrinmoy Sarkar, Kayla Carter, Arhit Chakrabarti, Devon J Boland, Tristan Nguyen, James Sampson, Christian Nguyen, Danielle Fails, Yava Jones-Hall, Loning Fu, Gus Wright, Da Mi Kim, James J Cai, Bani Mallick, Alex C Keene, Jeff R Jones, Tapasree Roy Sarkar

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Epidemiological studies have shown that circadian rhythm disruption (CRD) is associated with the risk of breast cancer. However, the role of CRD in mammary gland morphology and aggressive basal mammary tumorigenesis and the molecular mechanism underlying CRD-induced carcinogenesis remain unknown. To investigate the effect of CRD on aggressive tumorigenesis, a genetically engineered mouse model of aggressive breast cancer was used. The impact of CRD on the tumor microenvironment was investigated using the tumors from LD12:12 and CRD mice via scRNA-seq, flow cytometry, multiplexing immunostaining, and realtime PCR. The effect of LILRB4-immunotherapy on CRD-induced tumorigenesis was also investigated. Here we investigated …

Biochemical And Clinical Response To A Sulfur-Restricted Diet In Ethylmalonic Encephalopathy, Steven H Lang, Andres Caceres Salgado, Matthew T Snyder, Brandy Rawls-Castillo, Aaron Williams, Charul Gijavanekar, Sarah H Elsea, Xia Wang, Mary Elizabeth M Tessier, Claudia Soler-Alfonso, Fernando Scaglia

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction: Ethylmalonic encephalopathy (EE) is an often-severe inborn error of metabolism caused by biallelic variants in the ETHE1 gene leading to impaired detoxification of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). H2S is produced both exogenously by anerobic intestinal bacteria as well as by the endogenous catabolism of the sulfur-containing amino acids methionine and cysteine. Existing therapies including metronidazole, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), and orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) have been pursued with the objective of reducing or detoxifying exogenously produced H2S. However, strategies to reduce endogenously produced H2S using a methionine and cysteine restricted diet are an understudied therapeutic avenue.

Methods: We performed an open-label, …

Gene Therapy Cm-Yapon Protects The Mouse Heart From Myocardial Infarction, Fansen Meng, Jeffrey D Steimle, Elizabeth Straight, Rich G Li, Yuka Morikawa, Zohaib Iqbal, Bing Xie, Jun Wang, Wyatt G Paltzer, Yi Zhao, Chang-Ru Tsai, Lin Liu, Maggie Lim, Rita A Schack, Daniel Ramirez, Katherine Carlson, Vaibhav Deshmukh, Jason M Karch, Robia G Pautler, Xiao Li, James F Martin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Myocardial infarction (MI) affects millions of people worldwide, causing irreversible injury to the heart and impairing cardiac function1. In both mouse and pig MI models, activating YAP in cardiomyocytes (CMs) stimulates regenerative repair2,3. Here we developed an adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-based therapy, termed CM-YAPon, which enables transient expression of an active YAP variant (YAP5SA) in CMs following exposure to the small molecule LMI070. A single LMI070 dose in mice triggers YAP5SA expression, CM cell cycle re-entry, and reprogramming of the cardiac microenvironment. YAP5SA induction after MI rapidly improves cardiac function while pre-MI induction confers …

Part Ii Common Questions And Misconceptions About Creatine Supplementation: What Does The Scientific Evidence Really Show?, Jose Antonio, Ann F Brown, Darren G Candow, Philip D Chilibeck, Stacey J Ellery, Scott C Forbes, Bruno Gualano, Andrew R Jagim, Chad Kerksick, Richard B Kreider, Sergej M Ostojic, Eric S Rawson, Michael D Roberts, Hamilton Roschel, Abbie E Smith-Ryan, Jeffrey R Stout, Mark A Tarnopolsky, Trisha A Vandusseldorp, Darryn S Willoughby, Tim N Ziegenfuss

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Creatine monohydrate supplementation (CrM) is a safe and effective intervention for improving certain aspects of sport, exercise performance, and health across the lifespan. Despite its evidence-based pedigree, several questions and misconceptions about CrM remain. To initially address some of these concerns, our group published a narrative review in 2021 discussing the scientific evidence as to whether CrM leads to water retention and fat accumulation, is a steroid, causes hair loss, dehydration or muscle cramping, adversely affects renal and liver function, and if CrM is safe and/or effective for children, adolescents, biological females, and older adults. As a follow-up, the purpose …

Alternative Splicing Of The Snap23 Microexon Is Regulated By Mbnl, Qki, And Rbfox2 In A Tissue-Specific Manner And Is Altered In Striated Muscle Diseases, Gabrielle M Gentile, R Eric Blue, Grant A Goda, Bryan B Guzman, Rachel A Szymanski, Eunice Y Lee, Nichlas M Engels, Emma R Hinkle, Hannah J Wiedner, Aubriana N Bishop, Jonathan T Harrison, Hua Zhang, Xander H T Wehrens, Daniel Dominguez, Jimena Giudice

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The reprogramming of alternative splicing networks during development is a hallmark of tissue maturation and identity. Alternative splicing of microexons (small, genomic regions ≤ 51 nucleotides) functionally regulate protein-protein interactions in the brain and is altered in several neuronal diseases. However, little is known about the regulation and function of alternatively spliced microexons in striated muscle. Here, we investigated alternative splicing of a microexon in the synaptosome-associated protein 23 (Snap23) encoded gene. We found that inclusion of this microexon is developmentally regulated and tissue-specific, as it occurs exclusively in adult heart and skeletal muscle. The alternative region is …

The Neonatal Gut Microbiome In Health And Disease, Geoffrey A Preidis

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Adrenomedullin Overexpression Protects Mice From Experimental Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia And Associated Pulmonary Hypertension, Shyam Thapa, Poonam Sarkar, M Waleed Gaber, Roberto Barrios, Madhulata Chauhan, Chandrasekhar Yallampalli, Binoy Shivanna

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) associated pulmonary hypertension (PH) or BPD-PH is a lung disease of infants with significant morbidity. Adrenomedullin (Adm) is an angiogenic peptide that signals through calcitonin receptor-like receptor (Calcrl) and receptor activity modifying protein 2 (RAMP2). Adm deficiency potentiates hyperoxia-induced experimental BPD-PH in mice; however, whether Adm overexpression can mitigate this lung disease is unclear. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that Adm overexpression attenuates hyperoxia (HO)-induced murine experimental BPD-PH by using a novel transgenic mouse that overexpresses Adm globally (Admhi/hi mice). One-day-old Admhi/hi mice or their wild-type littermates (Adm+/+ mice) were exposed to …

Plasma Metabolomic And Proteomic Signatures Of Blood Pressure Management After Bariatric Surgery Among Adolescents, Shudi Pan, Zhenjiang Li, Juan Pablo Lewinger, Jesse A Goodrich, Hongxu Wang, Sarah Rock, Carmen Chen, Todd M Jenkins, Stephanie Sisley, Stephen R Daniels, Douglas I Walker, Max T Aung, Erika Garcia, Rob Mcconnell, Sandrah P Eckel, Michele A La Merrill, Tanya L Alderete, Zhuanghua Chen, Frank D Gilliland, Thomas H Inge, David V Conti, Justin R Ryder, Lida Chatzi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Emerging omics approaches, including metabolomics and proteomics, can be integrated into obesity treatment for better blood pressure management. We tested whether preoperative metabolomic and proteomic profiles predict long-term elevated blood pressure (EBP) changes better than known risk factors in adolescents undergoing bariatric surgery.

Methods: We included 108 participants from the Teen-LABS (Teen-Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery). Plasma untargeted metabolomics (via liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry) and Olink proteomics were assessed pre surgery. An elastic net model with stability selection was used to identify features predictive of EBP reductions 5 years post surgery. Models including identified metabolites, proteins, and …

Transoral Robotic-Assisted Removal Of A Submucosal Pyriform Sinus Foreign Body, Elisabeth Wenneker, Rebecca Doctor, Ari Schuman, Adam Szymanowski, Ray Wang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Submucosal foreign bodies of the medial pyriform sinus represent a challenge given limited visualization and difficult retraction with endoscopic approaches, and risk of injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve with open approaches. Transoral robotic surgery (TORS) offers improved visualization and multiple working arms to facilitate retraction. We present a novel case utilizing the Da Vinci SP system for removal of an embedded fishbone of the medial pyriform sinus.

Results: An 84-year-old woman presented with five days of odynophagia and globus sensation after swallowing a fish bone. Non-contrast computed tomography scan revealed a 3.0 cm submucosal object within the post-cricoid …

Social Work In Times Of Genocide: A Palestinian Feminist Praxis Of Social Work, Stephanie Wahab

School of Social Work Faculty Publications and Presentations

The abstract is translated in Arabic below. Social work cannot meaningfully claim a commitment to justice, human dignity, and the worth of people while simultaneously remaining committed to colonial logics. Recognizing and resisting collusion with settler colonialism demands structural shifts in knowledge production, curriculum, practice, and institutional alignment. This article speaks to organized social work’s collusion with the zionist project of Palestinian erasure amid the ongoing Nakba and genocide. Since Palestinian social workers are living and surviving genocide as they practice social work, worn binaries, such as provider–client, are unsettled in ways that make a Palestinian feminist praxis of social …

A Multimodal Non-Invasive Approach For Intracranial Pressure Assessment: A Single-Center Study, Dana Klavansky, Helaina Lehrer, Aris Desai, Gabriela Keeton, Neha Dangayach, Alexandra Reynolds, Spyridoula Tsetsou

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is an integral part of acute brain injury management. While invasive ICP monitoring is the gold standard, there are several medical conditions that preclude its placement. The aim of the present study is to validate a multimodal approach for increasing ICP detection.

Material and methods: In this retrospective study, patients with acute brain injury who had an external ventricular drain (EVD) placement were included. We measured bilateral optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) and assessed for optic nerve disk elevation (ONDE) by using ocular ultrasound, bilateral middle cerebral artery pulsatility index (PI) by using transcranial Doppler, …

Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated Activation Mediates Transforming Growth Factor Beta Signaling In Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury In Mice, Matthew Mcmillin, Christopher S Chu, Elaina Williams, Juliet Venter, Kiersten Bell, Anca D Petrescu, Patrick Mireles, Sharon Demorrow

Faculty and Staff Publications

Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is associated with increased transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1) signaling and elevated oxidative stress, which exacerbate DNA damage. TGFβ1 has been shown to regulate ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) signaling and DNA repair in other cell types. This study investigates the DNA damage response (DDR) during APAP-induced liver injury, focusing on ATM-mediated regulation of TGFβ1 signaling. APAP administration in vitro and in vivo resulted in DNA damage, increased ATM signaling, accumulation of γH2AX, and activation of phosphorylated ataxia telangiectasia mutated (pATM) and phosphorylated checkpoint kinase 2 (pChk2). Pretreatment with an ATM inhibitor, KU55933, attenuated APAP-induced hepatocyte damage and …

Cross-Species Standardised Cortico-Subcortical Tractography, Stephania Assimopoulos, Shaun Warrington, Davide Folloni, Katherine Bryant, Ali-Reza Mohammadi-Nejad, Wei Tang, Saad Jbabdi, Sarah R Heilbronner, Rogier B Mars, Stamatios N Sotiropoulos

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Despite their importance for brain function, cortico-subcortical white matter tracts are under-represented in diffusion magnetic resonance imaging tractography studies. Their non-invasive mapping is more challenging and less explored compared to other major cortico-cortical bundles. We introduce a set of standardised tractography protocols for delineating tracts between the cortex and various deep subcortical structures, including the caudate, putamen, amygdala, thalamus, and hippocampus. To enable comparative studies, our protocols are designed for both human and macaque brains. We demonstrate how tractography reconstructions follow topographical principles obtained from tracers in the macaque and how these translate to humans. We show that the proposed …